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[Display omitted] • Hierarchical porous starch-based carbon (PSC) was prepared by direct activation. • Hydrophobic PSC composite (PSCC) was obtained via physical mixing PSC with PDVB. • Toluene adsorption of PSCC only decreased by 22% when RH increased from 0% to 80%. • Toluene adsorption of PSCC is close to 100% after five adsorption–desorption cycles. Hierarchical porous starch-based carbon (PSC) with tunable pore structure (surface area 1974 ∼ 2721 m2/g and pore volume 0.80 ∼ 1.74 cm3/g) was prepared through direct activation. Due to its high surface area and large pore volume, PSC shows great potential for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal. Water vapor commonly exists along with VOCs and the competitive adsorption between VOCs and water vapor would significantly restrict the VOCs adsorption of PSC under high humidity. To address this issue, hydrophobic porous starch-based carbon composite (PSCC) was also prepared by physically mixing PSC with poly-divinylbenzene (PDVB) for toluene adsorption under high humidity to suppress the influence of water vapor. As relative humidity increased from 0 % to 80 %, the toluene adsorption capacity of PSC-2 decreased by 46 % while PSCC only experienced a decrease of 22 %. PSCC could also maintain its toluene adsorption performance (close to 100 %) after five adsorption–desorption cycles. Theoretical computations were also proved that the addition of PDVB inhibits water vapor adsorption and promotes its desorption, thereby enhancing the toluene adsorption of PSCC under high humidity. This work provides a controllable preparation and facile modification of porous carbon to improve its toluene adsorption under high humidity, offering a great application prospect for VOCs removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The catalysts were synthesized by dealloying melt-spun ribbons. • The optimal processed ribbons exhibited excellent catalytic performance. • Dealloying treatment achieved faster kinetics and more active sites. • Dealloying decreased the water dissociation and hydrogen absorption energy. The development of high-performance and low-cost alkaline hydrogen precipitation catalysts is critical for the large-scale application of hydrogen energy. In this work, the nanoporous alloy catalysts were synthesized by dealloying melt-spun NiZrPt ribbons. The optimal sample after dealloying shows excellent HER performance in alkaline medium, with a small overpotential of 15 mV to deliver 10 mA cm−2 and a low Tafel slope of 20 mV/dec. The material characterization reveals that the incorporation of Ni modulates the electronic structure of Pt. After selective dealloying of Zr and Ni, a Pt-enriched nanoporous structure was formed on the catalyst surface. Meanwhile, the remaining Ni sites acted as synergistic sites to activate the Pt sites, which allowed for better hydrogen adsorption energy and faster kinetics of the catalytic reaction. Besides, the favorable mechanical flexibility of the material makes it potential for self-supporting electrode. This work presents a way to prepare low-Pt efficient catalysts by amorphous alloy dealloying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ga-CHP could penetrate cell membranes to treat macrophage infections. • 1.6 μM Ga-CHP eradicated intracellular Staphylococcus aureus without inducing drug resistance. • Ga-CHP demonstrates remarkable stability within challenging lysosomal environments. • Ga-CHP could significantly reduce the bacterial burden in the abdominal cavity and various organs of mice. Macrophage infection has long represented highly lethal chronic diseases that possesses recurrent, resistant and refractory traits, thus the development of non-antibiotic drugs capable of penetrating cell membranes and eradicating resistant bacteria concealed within macrophages is a pressing yet formidable challenge. Here we introduce a method using a cationic heme-mimetic gallium porphyrin (Ga-CHP) to treat intracellular macrophage infections through eradicating Staphylococcus aureus concealed within them by 1.6 μM of Ga-CHP. Notably, this method does not induce detectable drug resistance and the Ga-CHP micro-pinocytosed into the macrophages in an energy-dependent manner can maintain high level stability in harsh lysosomal environment. In addition, the outstanding cytocompatibility of Ga-CHP ensures effective treatment of pathogens without affecting normal macrophages. More importantly, after tail-vein injection of Ga-CHP on abdominally infected mice, it was found to be effective in reducing the bacterial burden in vivo, superior to vancomycin which represents state of the art intracellular antibacterial agents. Meanwhile, the health status of Ga-CHP-treated mice were significantly improved compared with the control group. This work emphasizes the efficacy of Ga-CHP in eradicating intracellular bacteria concealed within macrophages along with its outstanding cytocompatibility, and provides a promising therapeutic strategy for addressing clinical macrophage infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The chiral and linear magnetic structure is constructed under the same conditions. • The enhanced magnetic coupling is confirmed by the off-axis electron holography. • The magnetic anisotropy is confirmed by the micro-magnetic simulation. • Superior microwave absorption is achieved by the chiral magnetic structure. Construction of chiral magnetic structure is considered as a promising strategy to achieve efficient low frequency microwave absorption. However, it is not clear that how the magnetic loss is enhanced by the chiral morphology. Herein, a novel chiral magnetic structure containing FeCo 2 O 4 -FeCo nanosheets has been constructed by using helical carbon nanocoils (CNCs) as the chiral template. For comparison, the FeCo 2 O 4 -FeCo nanosheets are also combined with the linear carbon nanofibers (CNFs). The enhanced magnetic coupling between FeCo 2 O 4 -FeCo nanosheets and the magnetic anisotropy induced by the chiral structure are confirmed by the off-axis electron holography and the micro-magnetic simulation. Due to the synergistic effect between chirality, magnetism, and dielectricity, the chiral magnetic structure exhibits superior microwave absorption performance than the linear one with a wide effective bandwidth of 7.1 GHz at an ultra-low filling ratio of 8 %. Meanwhile, the minimum RL value of −60.7 dB is achieved at low frequency (6 GHz). This study provides further evidence of the special mechanisms of the chiral structure for microwave absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• MOF@COF structure through animated interface-induced Schiff-base polymerization. • Biometabolic MOF@COF hybrid material exhibits multi-enzyme activity. • The unite of ferroptosis, macrophage polarization and T cells maturation. • Ferroptosis-mediated cyclic auto-enhanced immunotherapy. Ferroptosis, a regulated cell death pathway, presents a compelling approach for augmenting anti-tumor immunity, addressing challenges associated with immune escape and inadequate immunogenicity linked to apoptosis resistance. In this study, we introduce a biometabolic MOF@COF nanovaccine (NMCAH) designed to evoke self-amplifying anti-tumor responses through ferroptosis-mediated immune stimulation. The nanovaccine demonstrates the capacity to induce the generation of reactive oxygen species and deplete glutathione within tumors, initiating immunogenic ferroptosis. Simultaneously, it facilitates the polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype and the maturation of CD8+ T cells. Upon priming, these immune cells autonomously amplify the response in a self-reinforcing manner. Notably, IFN-γ secretion by CD8+ T cells reinforces macrophage polarization and induces secondary ferroptosis via ACSL4 up-regulation. This intricately coordinated interplay between ferroptosis and adaptive immunity holds significant promise in overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Our study establishes a versatile nanotherapeutic platform for advancing cancer immunotherapy by leveraging the immunogenic characteristics of regulated cell death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A polyphenol embedded PTMC coating was prepared by solvent volatilization method. • The embedded polyphenol could complex with Mg2+ to promote corrosion resistance. • The coating had self-healing ability for scratch and polarization breakdown. • The coating improves the biocompatibility of Mg. Biodegradable magnesium-based vascular stent has become a research hotspot in the field of interventional medical engineering. However, the rapid degradation rate and inadequate biocompatibility of magnesium-based vascular stents often lead to implant failure in biomedical applications. It is of great research significance to slow down the degradation rate of magnesium-based stents and impart them with multifunctional bioactivity through surface modification. In this study, a self-healing coating with embedding of polyphenols is developed to create on the surface of magnesium towards corrosion protection and biocompatibility. By controlling and studying the self-healing responsiveness of the coating, the corrosion resistance under vascular implantation conditions is investigated. The embedding of polyphenols endows the interface a self-healing capability, which might be drawn as the chelation between phenol/metal ions and the formation of intermolecular connection between each of the chelating units which ultimately cause enhanced corrosion protection. Furthermore, the evaluation of biocompatibility indicates that the polyphenol-loaded polymer layer shows good biocompatibility, which is beneficial for the repair of the vascular microenvironment. These results suggest significant potential applications of this composite coating in magnesium-based vascular stents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mitochondria-targeted nanodrug, camouflaged by cancer cell membrane (CM), was designed to realize cascade target and enhanced immune response and further achieve the synergistic therapy of photodynamic therapy, CO gas therapy and immunotherapy. With the assistance of CM, the nanodrug exhibited significant enhancement on homologous targeting. After endocytosis, UCFT@CM would accumulate in mitochondria and realize enhanced PDT and generation of CO in situ, further leading to serious mitochondrial oxidative stress and amplified immunotherapy. [Display omitted] • Cell membrane and TPP endow nanodrugs cascade targeting ability. • Synergistic therapy of PDT, CO gas therapy and immunotherapy. • Targeted mitochondrial destruction for amplified immune response. • TFAM as a new target for immunotherapy. As the most promising strategy for cancer treatment, immunotherapy has attracted much attention, but its treatment effect is still blocked by the deficient immune response efficiency. In light of the significant role of mitochondria in cell metabolism, it has been considered to be a promising target to amplify immune response. In this report, a mitochondria-targeted nanodrug (UCNP@COF@FeCO/TPP@CM, UCFT@CM), camouflaged by cancer cell membrane (CM), was designed to realize cascade target and enhance immune response, further achieving the synergistic therapy of photodynamic therapy (PDT), CO gas therapy and immunotherapy. With the assistance of CM, the nanodrug exhibited significant enhancement on homologous targeting. After endocytosis, UCFT@CM would accumulate in mitochondria and realize controlled release of CO and enhanced PDT relying on the characteristics of mitochondria, further leading to serious mitochondrial oxidative stress and amplified immunotherapy. In addition, we verified that a new immune signal related to mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), is strongly associated with immunogenic cell death (ICD). Taken together, the sequenced targeting treatment makes full use of characteristics of mitochondria and provides a new approach for precisely targeting organelle to enhance the immune response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Anisotropic hybrid carbon aerogel with an engineered architecture is fabricated. • Aerogel-based sensor exhibits superb mechanical and sensing performance. • Versatile applicabilities of prepared piezoresistive sensors are confirmed. • Applications in sound visualization, wearable devices, et al. are tested. Piezoresistive sensors are highly desired in a wide variety of fields in health monitoring, human–machine interaction, robot sensing, and so on. Developing engineering-architected piezoresistive sensors with biocompatibility, high sensitivity, and mechanical robustness is one of the hot research fields. Here, a high-performance hybrid carbon aerogel is constructed from bacterial cellulose, chitosan, graphene oxide, and graphene based on synergistic electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding through unidirectional freeze-casting and carbonization. The carbon aerogel, characterized by its unique lamellar and fibrous alternating structure, mirrors the stability of a well-constructed "bridge". In this analogy, the layer functions as a steady "girder", while the fiber emulates indispensable "stay cable". The ordered microstructure contributes to uniform stress transfer, yielding a carbon aerogel-based sensor that exhibits high piezoresistive linear sensitivity (150 kPa−1), outstanding mechanical stability (3000 compressing cycles), and a quick response/recovery time (120/90 ms). The piezoresistive sensor detects real-time human physiological signals and effectively distinguishes subtle and different acoustic signals, enabling sound visualization. Also, it can work well in extreme conditions (200 °C and −196 °C). The prepared piezoresistive sensor is expected to have versatile applications in next-generation spatial pressure monitoring, wearable electronics, and sound visualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The preparation of porous carbon nanosheets was a sustainable, renewable, environmental friendly process. • The PCNs achieved dual-band absorption in the C- and Ku- bands, even in the absence of magnetic materials. • The microwave absorption properties can be easily tuned by the microstructure. • The polarization loss mechanism was deeply revealed. • The multi-band absorption mechanism was investigated in detail. The realization of microwave absorbers that demonstrate wide frequency bands and strong absorption properties, especially for realizing multi-band absorption characteristics, presents an ongoing challenge in the field. Herein, we reported on a simple and sustainable method for the fabrication of gram-scale B/N co-doped porous carbon nanosheets (PCNs). These PCNs exhibited excellent microwave absorption performance, and their intrinsic electromagnetic wave absorption performance can be tuned by adjusting the size of nanosheets and heteroatoms. The PCNs achieved dual-band absorption in the C- and Ku- bands. Furthermore, the GC20 achieved an RL min value of −29.5 dB at a thickness of 1.7 mm, with an effective adsorption band (EAB) of 7.2 GHz. The porous nanosheets, which provide the ideal synergistic effect of polarization loss and conductivity loss, were the factors that contributed to these desirable features. These absorbers with multi-band absorption are not only expected to address the prevalent issue of narrow EAB but also fulfill the requirements for applications in the different frequency bands, inspiring innovative designs of multi-band electromagnetic absorbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • A novel curing agent (TA) bearing imine backbones was synthesized conveniently. • Epoxy vitrimers based on imine bond were fabricated by curing DGEBF with TA. • Dynamic and high mechanical property of the vitrimer were simultaneously achieved. • The vitrimer exhibited high water-resistance due to the network's hydrophobicity. Abstract Vitrimers with covalent adaptable networks usually show low mechanical properties and water resistivity. Here, we report an epoxy vitrimer which possesses not only high weldability, malleability and programmability, but also outstanding mechanical properties and water insensitivity. Such epoxy vitrimer is fabricated by crosslinking diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F (DGEBF) with a novel curing agent bearing imine backbones and amino terminals. The curing agent is synthesized by a one-pot reaction between 3-aminobenzylamine and terephthalaldehyde by taking advantage of the different reactivity of the aromatic amine and aliphatic amine. The dynamic imine bonds of the curing agent enable malleability, shape reconfiguration and programming of the epoxy vitrimer, while the aromatic structure of the curing agent imparts the epoxy vitrimer with high tensile strength, Young modulus and thermal stability. Moreover, the epoxy vitrimer is highly water-resistant due to the hydrophobicity and high crosslinking density of the network. Such a combination of comprehensive properties and convenient fabrication approach makes the epoxy vitrimer hold great promise to serve as structural materials in diverse applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Kinetic study of inactivation efficacy and content of reactive species. • Better bactericidal efficacy achieved by producing reactive species controllably. • Assessment of biological effects of gas-liquid phase plasma bacteria inactivation. • Development of a practical way for disinfection with gas-liquid phase discharge. Abstract Disinfection of bacteria-contaminated water is crucial to public health. In this work, a gas-liquid phase air and oxygen plasma is designed to selectively and controllably generate reactive species and efficiently inactivate Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in the liquid. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and fluorescent probes are used to analyze the formation of reactive species induced by the plasma in the gas-liquid and liquid phases. OH radicals are observed to be the predominant species in the liquid induced by the oxygen plasma. In the air plasma, owing to the presence of active nitrogen, nitrogen-containing reactive species including NO, HNO 2 , HNO 3 , and ONOOH are generated in the liquid. The bactericidal and biological effects associated with the formation of liquid products are investigated. The different bactericidal effects of the air and oxygen plasma (direct and indirect) treatment show that the inactivation efficacy is related to the species and content of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced by the air and oxygen plasma in the liquid. The better inactivation effect of direct oxygen plasma treatment stems from the larger concentration of OH radicals. The presence of active nitrogen, formation of nitrogen-based reactive species, and acidification are responsible for the better bactericidal activity in the air plasma indirect treatment. Cell membrane damage and accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species result in inactivation of S. aureus. Selective and more efficient formation of reactive species is attractive to industrial processes such as waste water treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Surface charge of GO influenced the activity, stability and kinetics of immobilized laccase. • Interactions between laccase and GO/GO-Zn improved enzyme activity and stability. • GO-based biocatalytic membrane improved enzyme storage stability. • Operating at higher permeate flux induced a better reusability of biocatalytic membrane for BPA removal. • GO-based biocatalytic membrane could be reused for semi-quantitative detection of BPA. Abstract The presence of micropollutants in water results in serious effects on public health and aquatic ecosystems. Biocatalytic membrane technology has shown great potential for micropollutant removal. However, the efficiency and stability still need to be further improved. In this work, we introduced graphene oxide (GO) and GO derivates into a biocatalytic membrane by reverse filtration and co-deposition methods respectively, in order to explore the role of GO in the biocatalytic membrane. The enrichment effect and catalytic functions of GO improved both the activity and stability of the laccase. Although the bisphenol A (BPA) removal efficiency was not promoted with such a GO-based biocatalytic membrane under flow-through mode, the incorporation of GO in the membrane increased the enzyme loading and its storage stability, which has great potential in BPA detection. Apart from offering a novel strategy to prepare GO-based biocatalytic membranes for micropollutant removal and detection, this work further clarifies the interaction mechanism between GO, laccase and micropollutants, especially in a polymeric membrane matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • The performance limiting factors of droplet microfluidic extraction are identified. • The mechanisms of microfluidic separation intensification are unveiled. • Separation performance can be controlled in droplet microfluidic extraction. Abstract Droplet-based microfluidic extraction is a promising way for effective lanthanides extraction due to its outstanding mass transfer performance. The separation process can be greatly enhanced with the droplet-based microfluidic extraction technique. However, the interactions between mass transfer, microfluidic dynamics and extraction kinetics are still unclear, which has hindered further manipulation on microfluidic extraction to boost extraction performance. In this study, the mechanisms of microfluidic droplet-based extraction and separation intensification of lanthanides are for the first time unveiled by using a numerical simulation model. The limiting factors for the performance of droplet-based microfluidic extraction are identified through a model-based parametric analysis. The numerical analyses provide a comprehensive understanding of droplet-based microfluidic extraction systems and offer operation and optimization guidelines for future research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction kinetics of the gasification of a metallurgical coke was investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) in the temperature range of 1173–1873 K, particle size of 200–2000 μm, and CO 2 content of 5–20 vol% in CO 2 -CO-N 2 and CO 2 -CO-H 2 -N 2 gas mixtures. The gasification rate in the presence of H 2 is significantly higher than that without H 2 at lower temperatures. The enhancing effect of H 2 diminishes with temperature increase. Two temperature zones corresponding to chemical reaction controlled regime and diffusion controlled regime are identified. The reaction transitions from chemical reaction control to diffusion control at 1467 K for gasification without H 2 in comparison to 1364 K with H 2 . It indicates that diffusion becomes the controlling step at a lower temperature in the H 2 -containing gas mixture due to the generation of H 2 O through water-gas shift reaction. With increasing gasification rate with temperature, the gasification becomes controlled by the diffusion of CO 2 , which is further demonstrated by the decreasing reaction rate with increasing particle size and the increasing reaction order as temperature increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a chemical kinetics study on methane activation for hydrogen production in a warm plasma, i.e., N 2 rotating gliding arc (RGA), was performed for the first time to get new insights into the underlying reaction mechanisms and pathways. A zero-dimensional chemical kinetics model was developed, which showed a good agreement with the experimental results in terms of the conversion of CH 4 and product selectivities, allowing us to get a better understanding of the relative significance of various important species and their related reactions to the formation and loss of CH 4 , H 2 , and C 2 H 2 etc. An overall reaction scheme was obtained to provide a realistic picture of the plasma chemistry. The results reveal that the electrons and excited nitrogen species (mainly N 2 (A)) play a dominant role in the initial dissociation of CH 4 . However, the H atom induced reaction CH 4  + H → CH 3  + H 2 , which has an enhanced reaction rate due to the high gas temperature (over 1200 K), is the major contributor to both the conversion of CH 4 and H 2 production, with its relative contributions of >90% and >85%, respectively, when only considering the forward reactions. The coexistence and interaction of thermochemical and plasma chemical processes in the rotating gliding arc warm plasma significantly enhance the process performance. The formation of C 2 hydrocarbons follows a nearly one-way path of C 2 H 6  → C 2 H 4  → C 2 H 2 , explaining why the selectivities of C 2 products decreased in the order of C 2 H 2  > C 2 H 4  > C 2 H 6 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A unique chiral-magnetic-dielectric ternary composite is constructed. • Synergistic effects are realized by the ternary component. • Efficient microwave absorption is achieved at low filling ratio and thin thickness. The combination of carbon nanomaterials and magnetic nanomaterials has been proven to be a promising strategy to fabricate thin and lightweight microwave absorbers with tunable absorption bands and broadened bandwidth, especially the absorption capability in low frequency (2–10 GHz). Herein, a series of CoNi-based magnetic nanomaterials have been synthesized on the surfaces of chiral carbon nanocoils (CNCs) to form a chiral-magnetic-dielectric trinity composite through solvothermal reaction followed by a subsequent annealing method. The well-dispersed CoNi nanostructures enhance the magnetic loss of the composites, giving rise to the strong microwave absorption at low frequency. In addition, the dielectric CNCs with excellent chirality and dispersibility not only provide conduction loss and cross-polarization loss to broaden the absorption bandwidth, but also reduce the filling ratio of the composites. Accordingly, with the synergistic effect of the chiral-magnetic-dielectric components, combined with the good impedance and quarter-wavelength matchings, the trinity composite exhibits superior microwave absorption performance with a wide effective bandwidth of 6.1 GHz at the thickness of 1.85 mm. More importantly, the reflection loss value reaches −42 dB at 4.5 GHz with a low filling ratio of 12 wt%. This study provides a novel chiral-magnetic-dielectric trinity structure for highly efficient microwave absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The functional C 60 layer synergistically inhibit Zn dendrites and side reactions. • C 60 with good electron affinity benefits the ohmic contact at interface. • The C 60 coating induces Zn2+ ions to orient along the Zn(0 0 2) plane. • Symmetric cells deliver low voltage hysteresis and prolonged lifespan of 3800 h. Although the aqueous zinc batteries are deemed as the most competitive alternatives in the next-generation batteries, there are still annoying issues, including obdurate dendrites formation and side reactions, limiting practical applications. Hence, a uniform artificial C 60 layer via an ex-situ approach is successfully assembled to construct robust Zn anode (denoted as Zn@C 60). The functional C 60 layer allows the formation of the ohmic contact interface between the C 60 layer and Zn anode, inducing a low nucleation barrier and restraining 2D diffusion of Zn ions. More importantly, density functional theory calculations and simulation of the electric field contribution demonstrate that the C 60 layer can facilitate the deposition of Zn on the Zn(0 0 2) plane and homogenize the electric field distribution. Consequently, the Zn@C 60 electrode is obtained with a cycling stability over 3800 h at 0.25 mA cm−2 in symmetric cells, excellent coulombic efficiency for 1400 h in half cells, and together with better cycling stability and enhanced rate performance in full cells. Significantly, the C 60 layer protection strategy provides a new view for an excellent dendrite-free Zn metal anode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose and realize a new nano lead-doped mesoporous carbon composite as the negative electrode additives, which realize the abundant nano-lead electrodeposition into carbon pores and the remarkable suppression of irreversible sulfation, to effectively prolong the cycle life of lead-carbon batteries. We show that through NaOH activation and followed air oxidation, porous carbon could obtain more mesopore volume and appropriate acidic groups, which are two critical parameters for effective nano-lead electrodeposition on the internal surface of them. We for the first time demonstrate that these mesopore system could be loaded much more deposits in them, and confine the size of lead deposits to be in nano scale by their local effect, ensuring a much more remarkable suppression of hydrogen evolution and better reversibility of Pb/PbSO 4 . In addition, we show that these nano-lead electrodeposits could stably contribute remarkable pseudocapacitance. All these merits contribute to the ultralong cyclability achieved by lead-carbon batteries, which will translate into promising inexpensive systems that could revolutionize the large-scale energy storage fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Superhydrophobic films with rapid, lasting self-healing behaviors against physical and chemical damage are very useful for practical applications but remain challenging to realize. Regeneration is time-consuming or invalid as self-healing cycles increase, especially for severe physical damage. Herein, a branched thiol-ene fluoroalkyl siloxane is introduced to design a self-healing superhydrophobic 3D sol-gel network dangling fluoroalkyl chain for coating treatment. The coated fabric was highly durable to withstand at least 1000 cycles of abrasion under 45 kPa and resistant to strong acid/base (e.g., H 2 SO 4 , KOH), UV, thermal, and smudge treatments. Moreover, regardless of severe physical or chemical damage, the coating rapidly restored its super liquid-repellent properties using long dangling perfluoroalkyl arms. This robust, rapid and long-term self-healing system may promote the development of long-lived protective films for various applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Controllable growth of high-quality PNCs in polymer films with aqueous route were achieved. • The PL QY of the as-fabricated films can be optimized to 95.3% by adding the HBr and OABr additives. • High-performance WLEDs with a wide gamut can be assembled by the as-prepared green and red films. Perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs)@polymer films are one of the exciting candidates for fabricating high-definition display devices, owing to their universal merits such as high efficiency, superior color purity, and tunable emissions. However, the existed techniques are always based on organic solvents, of which the inevitable toxicity greatly limits their scalable applications. Herein, we report a facile strategy based on a distinctively different aqueous route for in-situ growth of MAPbBr 3 (MA = CH 3 NH 3 +) PNCs in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix, enabling the environmentally-friendly and large-scale production of high-photoluminescence (PL) PNCs@polymer films. It is discovered that rapid evaporation of solvents in the precursor film is the key to separated crystallization of polymer and PNCs, thus allowing the controllable fabrication of high-quality PNCs@PVA films with tunable emissions. As a proof of concept, the as-fabricated MAPbBr 3 PNCs@PVA film with typical size of 90 mm × 90 mm exhibits high transmissivity and uniformity, with a strong green emission and PL quantum yield (QY) of 95.3%. Accordingly, by using the resultant green and red films, a white light-emitting device (WLED) sized 35 mm × 40 mm is assembled, which delivers a wide color gamut (121% of NTSC standard), underscoring their very promising applications in modern display devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Preparation of a novel adsorbent with antibacterial properties. • Ce-MOF loading can greatly improve the adsorption capacity of fibers for 2,4-D. • The haloperoxidase activity of Ce-MOF can give the fiber excellent antibacterial activity. • Ce-MOF@ABP is easier to recycle than powdered Ce-MOF. • Ce-MOF@ABP can be used as a filtration membrane to purify organic wastewater. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the most widely used herbicides with strong environmental toxicity, and it is necessary to be removed from water. However, some traditional adsorbents may be contaminated by bacteria during the removal process, which will affect the adsorption performance. Therefore, a novel adsorbent (Ce-MOF@ABP) with antibacterial properties was developed for the removal of 2,4-D. The adsorbent is prepared by in-situ growth of Ce-based MOF with UiO-66 structure on the surface of electrospun nanofibers by solvothermal method. The results of static adsorption experiments show that the composite fibrous membrane has a good removal effect on 2,4-D. The adsorption process is more consistent with the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model. The theoretical maximum adsorption capacity is 200.80 mg/g. The dynamic filtration experiment also shows a removal rate of 90.3% within 6 min (the membrane thickness is 0.12 mm). And most importantly, the haloperoxidase activity of Ce-MOF could endows fibrous membrane with excellent antibacterial properties, and the bacteriostatic rate of Escherichia coli is 92.91%. This study provides an innovative idea for the development of adsorbents/membranes with organic contaminant removal and antibacterial capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Strong binding energy of sulfonated CDs toward Zn2+ could manipulate the Zn nucleation process. • Electrostatic repulsion between SO 4 2− and negative charge of CDs could mitigate formation of by-products. • Interfacial hydrogen bonds between CDs and water could restrain the water-induced side reaction. • Robust Zn-electrolyte interface with an ultra-durable lifespan of 4000 h at 1 mA cm−2 was successfully achieved. Water-induced side reactions and the growth of zinc dendrites are generally considered as the key problems hindering the development of zinc batteries. Herein, robust electrode/electrolyte interface is successfully constructed via introducing carbon dots (CDs) additive into hybrid electrolyte to enhance the stability of Zn anode. The CDs with -SO 3 − groups deliver strong binding energy toward Zn, which can reduce the nucleation barrier, thus favoring the homogeneous Zn deposition, as successfully evidenced by theoretical DFT calculation and intuitive in-situ optical microscope observation. Meanwhile, the zincophilic CDs can be preferentially adsorbed on the surface of Zn electrode, further diminishing water-induced adverse reaction by virtue of the electrostatic repulsion between SO 4 2− and negative charge of CDs. Accordingly, benefiting from the synergetic effect, the hybrid electrolyte with CDs endows Zn||Zn symmetric cell a prolonged lifespan over 4000 h with steady voltage fluctuation at 1 mA cm−2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • MnO 2 adsorbent with tailored hollow mesoporous structure was synthesized. • The improved adsorption property was achieved by structural design. • The adsorbent has super high adsorption capacity for heavy metals in water and soil. • The adsorbent has good stability in the application process. • The main removal mechanism is the synergy of physical and chemical adsorption. Heavy metals in wastewater and soil pose serious threats to the ecological environment and human health. Chemical modification and composite design are the main design strategies for high-performance heavy metal adsorbents. However, in this study, a unique way was adopted to improve the adsorption performance of MnO 2 by tailoring its hollow mesoporous structure (HMN). Unmodified HMN which has good stability under acidic conditions was directly used for adsorption and fixation of heavy metals in wastewater and soil. The adsorption capacity of HMN has been greatly improved compared with other MnO 2 adsorbents, and its adsorption capacities for Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ reached 897.0, 437.5 and 354.3 mg g−1, respectively. Such high adsorption performance is rarely seen in manganese-based adsorbents. Purification results of laboratory wastewater and industrial wastewater showed that it has good application prospect for actual environmental water samples. The adsorption mechanism mainly includes physical adsorption, electrostatic adsorption, surface complexation (oxygen sites and hydroxyl groups) and ion exchange between Na+ and heavy metal ions. In addition, HMN can effectively passivate heavy metals in contaminated soil and reduce their leaching concentration to improve soil safety. This improvement in the performance of adsorbents by tailoring their structures is instructive and provides insight and approach for the design and preparation of advanced adsorbents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel triblock protein that integrates zwitterionic peptide, mussel adhesive peptide and silver-binding peptide is designed to fabricate antibacterial and biocompatible coating. The protein can modify various substrates and display antifouling and bactericidal properties simultaneously, efficiently thwarting biofilm formation. It can also resist foreign body response after implantation in vivo , paving an avenue to fabricate antibacterial coatings for biomedical applications. [Display omitted] • A novel triblock protein was synthesized and prepared as a multifunctional coating. • The protein coating is versatile and can adhere to a variety of substrates. • The protein coating has antifouling, bactericidal, and anti-biofilm functions. • The coating can protect implants from infections and resist foreign body response. With the ever-increasing threats caused by implant-associated infections, advanced methods for preventing bacterial adhesion and inhibiting biofilm formation are of great interest. Herein, a triblock protein (MZAgP) combining zwitterionic peptide, mussel adhesive peptide and silver-binding peptide is rationally designed. MZAgP can be readily attached to various substrates to generate an antibacterial coating. This coating displays multiple functions with favorable inhibition of bacteria growth, significant reduction of bacteria and proteins adhesion, and efficient prevention of biofilms formation. In vivo tests further demonstrate the coating can conspicuously restrain bacterial infections and alleviate foreign body response, displaying excellent biocompatibility. This study unveils the promise of MZAgP as a multifunctional protein material to fabricate novel antibacterial coating for relieving implant-associated infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A thiol-ene-induced exfoliation of COFs into CONs was developed. • Vinylene groups in OPV units allows the addition of thiols under UV irradiation. • The degree of exfoliation can be quantitatively adjusted by varying the feed ratio. • The exfoliation exhibits an obvious increase in the charge/discharge capacity. Exfoliating insoluble bulk covalent organic frameworks (COFs) into covalent organic nanosheets (CONs) is an attractive way to improve their processability and the application performance. Herein, we report an efficient thiol-ene-induced exfoliation of oligo (phenylene vinylene) (OPV) based 2D COF-935 into CONs, which exhibits an obvious improvement in the reversible charge/discharge capacity as electrode materials for energy storage devices. The presence of vinylene groups in OPV units allows the addition of thiols under UV irradiation, which weaken the interlayer interactions for exfoliation by breaking the planarity of the layers in COFs. Furthermore, the degree of modification can be quantitatively controlled by varying the feeding ratio to obtain CONs with reasonable π-conjugation and short lithium-ion transfer distance. Specifically, the CON-UV-1 offers a nearly 90 % higher excellent cycle performance of 494 mA·h·g−1 at 1 A·g−1 after 500 cycles and outstanding rechargeability. This research thus provides a promising strategy for the chemical exfoliation of covalent organic frameworks into nanosheets and promotes their potential applications in energy storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is an increasing focus around the world on soil contamination by organic compounds due to its harmful effect on human health. Significant efforts have been devoted to the remediation of soil contaminated by organics, leading to the development of various remediation strategies, such as physical remediation, bioremediation, and chemical remediation. Recently, an attractive advanced oxidation process (AOP), non-thermal plasma technology, has drawn increasing attention for the remediation of organic contaminated soil due to the low energy consumption, rapid start-up and shutdown of the process, as well as a low requirement for the pretreatment process of soil, etc. In this work, the current situation of soil contamination by organic pollutants and the existing soil remediation methods were introduced. The research progresses of various non-thermal plasmas for organic contaminated soil remediation were presented, such as dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), pulsed corona plasma, and non-thermal gliding arc fluidized bed. The effects of different parameters (e.g., applied voltage, soil properties, type and feed flow rate of the carrier gas, as well as the reactor configuration) on the remediation performance of non-thermal plasmas were discussed. In addition, the possible degradation mechanisms of organic pollutants by non-thermal plasmas were analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, the CO 2 reforming of methanol, or can be called dry reforming of methanol (DRM), was investigated for the first time using a rotating gliding arc plasma. The effect of input CH 3 OH concentration on the reaction performance of the DRM process has been investigated. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) has been used to give insights into the formation of reactive species in the plasma chemical reactions. In addition, the possible reaction mechanisms of the plasma DRM process have been discussed. The plasma assisted DRM has been demonstrated to be a promising route for clean syngas production and high-efficiency CO 2 conversion. This process provided a significantly higher efficiency for CO 2 conversion compared to other plasma technologies, while maintaining a CO 2 flow rate (or processing capacity) of one or several orders of magnitude higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The water solubility of gallium protoporphyrin IX was improved. • Ga-CHP can self-target bacteria and accumulate in infected wound lesions. • Ga-CHP can rapidly kill a broad spectrum of bacteria, even multidrug-resistant strains. • Unlike antibiotics, Ga-CHP cannot trigger drug resistance in terms of phenotypes and mutations. • Ga-CHP can inactivate catalase and enhance photodynamic antibacterial activity. Iron is an essential nutrient for bacterial survival and replication. Interfering with iron metabolism is a potential nondrug-resistant antibacterial strategy. Here we propose an iron-blocking antibacterial therapy (IBAT) based on cationic heme-mimetic gallium porphyrin (Ga-CHP). Cations and heme bionics facilitated the uptake of Ga-CHP by bacteria through heme metabolism and are the primary motifs for its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Ga-CHP can rapidly kill gram-positive and gram-negative strains, even multidrug-resistant strains. Notably, unlike antibiotics, it is hard for bacteria to evolve drug resistance in terms of phenotypes and mutations. Furthermore, Ga-CHP is also a superior photosensitizer and its antibacterial capability can be further enhanced via synergistic photodynamic therapy in vitro and in vivo due to heme-assisted catalase inactivation. This work presents an innovative antibacterial strategy for addressing antibiotic resistance crisis and enhancing photodynamic antibacterial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mn 2 O 3 exposing faces (2 2 2) and (2 1 1) with higher surface lattice oxygen mobility could efficiently inspire peroxymonosulfate activation. [Display omitted] • Mn 2 O 3 -P exposing (2 1 1) and (2 2 2) faces displays the higher catalytic efficiency. • Faces (2 1 1) and (2 2 2) own the lower migration energy barrier and adsorption energy. • High lattice oxygen migration and MnⅣ-MnIII/Ⅱ conversion enable efficient PMS activation. The rod-like, spherical, flake-like and granular Mn 2 O 3 microcrystals exposing different crystal faces were prepared and used for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation to degrade bisphenol A (BPA). Granular Mn 2 O 3 -P exposing (2 1 1) and (2 2 2) crystal faces displayed the superior degradation efficiency toward BPA than the other three samples. DFT results pointed out that the migration energy barriers of lattice oxygen on crystal faces (2 2 2) and (2 1 1) were lower than that of face (4 0 0). Moreover, the adsorption energies of PMS molecules on faces (2 2 2) and (2 1 1) were more negative. The high lattice oxygen migration of faces (2 1 1) and (2 2 2) and MnⅣ-MnIII/Ⅱ conversion were contributory to the generation of oxygen vacancies to adsorb PMS and O 2 , leading to the production of more active species (SO 4 •-, •OH and 1O 2) in the catalytic process. This work contributes an excellent catalyst with efficient catalytic performance and cycle stability for water pollution treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Supramolecular self-sorting was utilized to improve compatibility of a polymer blend. • Multiscale structures endowed the SPN with decent mechanical properties. • Mechanical property of SPN can be tuned by adjusting phase structure via annealing. Self-sorting, as an effective strategy to construct well-defined supramolecular assemblies, has attracted much research attention, but it remains a challenge to achieve particular functions and applications based on the unique characteristics. Herein, we report a supramolecular polymer network (SPN) prepared on the basis of a polymer blend, in which two kinds of polymers are connected by host−guest self-sorting recognitions. The supramolecular self-sorting is able to improve the interfacial binding force and compatibility between the two polymers, and thus results in a microphase-separated structure in the SPN. The resultant structure across multiple length scales in the SPN could work synergistically with each other to endow the SPN with remarkable mechanical properties. In nanoscale, the hard phase could reinforce the strength of the network, whose size could be regulated by adjusting the annealing time, thus imparting tunable mechanical properties to the SPN. In molecular scale, the host−guest self-sorting recognitions not only lead to the microphase-separated structure but also act as sacrificial bonds to dissipate energy and toughen the SPN. Our work represents a step forward in preparing elastomeric materials with microphase-separated structure, and would also promote the development and application of supramolecular self-sorting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Sea-urchin carbon nitride (SUCN-6) with C-v and O-s was prepared. • SUCN-6 can remove ∼ 89% of TC in 20 min and its kinetic constant reaches ∼ 0.1 min-1. • Several crucial factors might affect photoactivity were well investigated. • The TC degradation pathways and intermediates were elucidated. The fast recombination of electron-hole pairs results in low photoactivity, limiting carbon nitride further application in wastewater purification. To address this issue, regulation of electron configuration via optimizing surface atom properties is a promising strategy for improving the separation of electron-hole pairs. Here, sea-urchin carbon nitride (SUCN-6) with C-v and O-s mediated electronic structures were facile prepared, endowing it with a decrease in transportation resistance of charge carriers and increased activation towards oxygen. Under visible light, the SUCN-6 showed a removal efficiency of ∼ 89% towards tetracycline (TC) in 20 min and no obvious decaying after five consecutive cycles. This TC photodegradation follows a first-order kinetic, and its kinetic constant reaches 0.0908 min−1, which is 2.35 folds higher than that of pristine carbon nitride. In addition, several crucial factors of practical wastewater purification (such as pH, TC concentration, water sources, inorganic salts, and organic matters) that might affect photoactivity were investigated. Moreover, the degradation pathways of TC and intermediates were detected by an HPLC-MS and electron spin resonance instrument, and a possible photodegradation mechanism over SUCN-6 was elucidated. This study offers new insights into the photocatalysis kinetics and photodegradation mechanism over carbon nitride for environmental remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A well-designed lattice distortion strategy for pristine MOFs is reported for the first time. The structurally distorted MOFs show enhanced electrochemical properties in the integration of energy storage and conversion. [Display omitted] • An elaborate lattice distortion strategy of pristine MOFs is firstly reported. • Structurally distorted MOFs show enhanced electrochemical performance. • The lattice distortion process is characterized by various techniques such as NPD. • Surface-controlled Faradaic reactions during energy storage and conversion can be realized. The engineering of multifunctional materials applied to energy storage and conversion remains an important challenge in addressing the intermittency issues associated with natural energy resources. Herein, we have achieved an overall improvement in the electrochemical performance of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) through an elaborate lattice distortion strategy. Compared to the ordered lattice in conventional materials, the partially distorted lattice in the newly synthesized MOFs contributes a completely new kinetics feature: a surface-controlled and high-rate Faradaic reaction. In-situ water splitting can be achieved by employing the lattice-distorted MOF as both the anode of an asymmetric supercapacitor and electrocatalyst, thereby converting intermittent clean energy into electrochemical energy. The lattice distortion strategy in this work provides new insight into the functional design of MOFs, and may provide a novel and economically sound strategy for practical energy sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A bottom-up method for the preparation of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs)-decorated two-dimensional (2D) metal–organic framework (MOF) nanocomposites was developed with a maximum water decomposition rate of 3348 μmol g-1h−1 and sufficient stability. [Display omitted] • The Zr-TCPP(Pd) and Zr-TCPP ultrathin nanosheets were successfully synthesized. • The nanosheets modified with Pt NPs show excellent photocatalytic performance. • DFT revealed the importance of Pd-doping position in Pt 79 NPs on the activity. Edge-doping engineering in metal nanoparticles (MNPs) is always hard to achieve due to the high surface energy of the hybrid MNPs, while porphyrin-based ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) metal–organic framework (MOF) is demonstrated the positive role in stabilize this structure. Herein, a bottom-up method was developed to prepare platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs)-decorated 2D MOF nanosheets, where a porphyrin ligand of Pd-metalized tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (PdTCPP) was applied to synthesize ultrathin MOF nanosheets as Zr-TCPP(Pd) in high yield. Attributing to the high superficial area of ultrathin Zr-TCPP(Pd) nanosheets, Pt NPs can well anchor uniformly with small nanoparticle size to obtain 2% Pt/Zr-TCPP(Pd) hybrid nanosheets, which showed a higher photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of 3348 μmol g-1h−1. This is attributed to the coordination between Zr4+ and C = O of PVP, which promotes the contact between PtNPs and Zr-TCPP(Pd) nanosheets. As a result, the long-life electrons of PdTCPP photosensitizers are rapidly transferred to the electron capture center PtNPs, and the photoelectron-hole recombination is effectively inhibited. The apparent quantum efficiency of 2% Pt/Zr-TCPP(Pd) reaches up to 1.56% at 420 nm. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed the Pd-doped position in Pt 79 nanoparticle is important that the Pt 78 Pd surf. model (Pd atom was doped on the surface of Pt nanoparticle) showed the highest activity with abundant exposed active region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical AlOOH@reduced graphene oxide (RGO) hybrids are synthesized by an anti-solvent process with the assistance of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) fluid due to its high diffusivity and low viscosity. The presence of RGO allows the uniform and vertical assembling of AlOOH nanosheets to form hierarchically nanostructured hybrids with a large specific surface area of 513 m 2 g −1 . The favorable structure with numerous mesopores provides sufficient active sites for the adsorption of fluoride species, leading to a maximum adsorption capacity of 118.7 mg g −1 , which is among the best performances of aluminum based adsorbents. Compared to neat AlOOH, it is interesting that AlOOH@RGO hybrid exhibits a much better defluoridation capacity at lower initial concentrations of fluoride ions, which is quite valuable when considering the low fluoride ion concentrations in contaminated groundwater. The stable and robust hierarchical structure afforded by covalent bonding between AlOOH and RGO further endows the hybrid as a promising adsorbent for practical treatment of wastewater due to its excellent fluoride adsorption capacity and ease of separation from aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new type of photoelectrochemical technologies, photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) based on optofluidics is a promising way to provide environmental protection and generate renewable energy simultaneously. However, large-scale application of the PFC technology is hampered by its low operating current density. Here we present a theoretical model to investigate the irreversible loss in optofluidic fuel cell (OFC). Experiments have been carried out to support the theoretical analysis. Results indicate that charge transfer either within semiconductor or at the interface of semiconductor/electrolyte can be the limiting step of OFC under different circumstances and the performance of OFC is determined by the dual-limiting mechanism. The model provides a comprehensive understanding of photoelectrochemical system and offers guidelines for future research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The terephthalic acid intercalated carbon nanotube composite was developed for phosphate removal by CDI. • ZnZr-COOH/CNT electrode showed greatest phosphate adsorption capacity. • Phosphate adsorption occurred via the electrostatic attraction, inner sphere complexation and coordination exchange. • The energy consumption of CDI dephosphorization was sixteenth of that of chemical phosphate removal process. The discharge of phosphate from sewage water can lead to water eutrophication and endanger the aquatic ecosystem. Capacitive deionization (CDI) has displayed great potential for salt removal and nutrient recovery due to its excellent performance such as environmental friendliness and energy efficient. In this study, the terephthalic acid intercalated carbon nanotube composite material (ZnZr-COOH/CNT) was developed as an anode and its selective removal of phosphate in CDI was investigated. At a applied voltage of 1.2 V, ZnZr-COOH/CNT electrode exhibited great adsorption capacity of phosphate with low concentration (∼10 mg/L) at a wide range of pH (3 – 10), with the equilibrium concentration as low as 0.3 mg/L which was less than the national first-class emission standard (0.5 mg/L). Moreover, the adsorption of phosphate by ZnZr-COOH/CNT composite electrode was mildly disturbed by the coexisting ions (Cl−, NO 3 –, SO 4 2− and HCO 3 –). X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that the zirconium and zinc were coordinated with phosphate to form inner sphere complex, and the hydrogen bond was formed between the hydroxyl group of phosphate and the carboxyl group of electrode material, which enhanced the selective adsorption of phosphate. Furthermore, the energy consumption of CDI dephosphorization was calculated as low as 0.0075 kWh/g P and 0.043 kWh/m3 water at 1.2 V. This study was expected to provide the potential electrode materials and theoretical basis for the application of CDI dephosphorization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A green process coupling photoreaction, extraction, and separation for on-site H 2 O 2 production. • Direct H 2 O 2 photocatalytic generation reaction in pure oily alcohol without water. • Amphiphilic g-C 3 N 4 dispersed on phase interface for easy separation and recovery. • Rapid and high-efficiency H 2 O 2 extraction from benzyl-alcohol by water. • Rapid separation of H 2 O 2 solution and benzyl-alcohol with superhydrophobic mesh. • Obtaining H 2 O 2 aqueous solution product with adjustable and usable high concentration. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) can be photocatalytically generated by oxygen in water with fatty alcohols as a sacrificial agent; however, it is expensive to separate because of the miscibility of fatty alcohols and water. In this work, H 2 O 2 is directly generated photocatalytically using amphiphilic graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4) and oxygen in pure anhydrous oily benzyl alcohol (BA) alone; it is simply extracted by water and separated using a hydrophobic/lipophilic mesh to obtain a high-concentration H 2 O 2 aqueous solution. The results show that the H 2 O 2 concentration in BA after 4 h of photoreaction is 9.45 mM and that of the final solution product can be as high as 70.93 mM in water. Water does not enhance the photoreaction; instead, unexpectedly, it weakens it. However, it is possible to completely extract the H 2 O 2 from the reacted BA. In this study, the H 2 O 2 solution is rapidly separated from the BA with a separation efficiency of 99.97% using a hydrophobic mesh. The photocatalyst g-C 3 N 4 is present at the water/BA interface owing to its amphiphilicity, and it can be caught by the mesh during separation and reused after backwashing. The combined photoreaction, extraction, and separation processes provide a simple, environment-friendly, and rapid H 2 O 2 photogeneration process for the on-site production of a usable H 2 O 2 solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Switchable zwitterionic ester and capsaicin copolymers were synthesized and covalently grafted onto the PDMS network in a one-pot reaction. Zwitterionic esters can kill bacteria via electrostatic interactions and release dead bacterial cells after hydrolysis back to antifouling zwitterionic moieties in ocean environments. Meanwhile, irritating capsaicin molecules could also be sustainably released via hydrolyzation to repel marine organisms. [Display omitted] • Zwitterionic precursor PEB was homogeneously incorporated into PDMS matrix. • PEB grafted on PDMS network can kill bacteria by electrostatic interactions. • PEB was in situ hydrolyzed to antibiofouling zwitterionic PCB in seawater. • Irritating capsaicin was sustainedly released for repelling marine organisms. • Coatings possess superior antibiofouling ability in the Yellow Sea for >261 days. In this work, a multifunctional marine antibiofouling coating was prepared by covalently grafting switchable zwitterionic ester and capsaicin copolymers onto the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) network in a one-pot reaction. Zwitterionic esters could kill bacteria via their positive charge and release dead bacterial cells after hydrolysis to antifouling zwitterionic moieties. Meanwhile, chemically conjugated capsaicin molecules could also be sustainedly released via hydrolyzation to repel marine organisms. Compared with the pristine PDMS matrix, the hydrolyzed coating reduced protein adhesion by 88.5%, bacterial adhesion by 99.0%, and diatom adhesion by 99.5%. The adhesion force of pseudo barnacles was reduced by 72.4%. Marine field tests in the Yellow Sea further confirmed that the coating possessed excellent antibiofouling ability for at least 261 days. This study presents a promising strategy for the development of eco-friendly high-efficiency marine antibiofouling coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Natural glycyrrhizic acid improved the mechanical properties of hydrogel. • Hydrogel possessed ideal biocompatibility, freezing and drying resistance. • AgNPs layer was constructed in situ on the hydrogel surface via a green process. • AgNPs provided the UV-light shielding and antibacterial ability for hydrogel. • Hydrogel sensor exhibited high sensitivity in detecting human motion. To date, flexible sensors derived from hydrogel materials have been popularly adopted in the field of wearable electronic devices. It is urgent and prospective to create a high-performance and multi-functional hydrogel by simple and green methods to satisfy the various demands for long-term direct human contact. Herein, a sustainable physical double network hydrogel is prepared by natural glycyrrhizic acid (GL) and biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in water/glycerol solvent, which exhibits high mechanical properties, good biocompatible, anti-freezing and anti-drying ability. Inspired by the reducing abilities of GL, a gradient silver nanoparticles layer can be constructed in situ on the hydrogel surface without additional reducing agents. It not only affords the UV-light shielding and antibacterial effect for the hydrogel, but also effectively improves the sensing performance. The simultaneous realization of desired properties enables the hydrogel to be assembled into a sensor to detect all-dimensional human motion with high sensitivity, stability and durability. Benefiting from the renewable raw material, non-toxic reagent and facile preparation process, this work provides new insight and inspiration for the design of flexible sensors with high performance, multi-functionality and sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Layered Fe 2 (MoO 4) 3 (L-FMO) assemblies are uniformly prepared as promising anode material for sodium ion capacitors, enabling high energy/power density as well as ultra-long cycling stability. Their sodium storage mechanism involving an initial intercalation-subsequent conversion reaction has been comprehensively revealed by a combination of in-situ XRD, ex-situ XPS as well as ex-situ HRTEM. [Display omitted] • Layered Fe2(MoO4)3 assemblies were rationally designed. • It achieves excellent high-rate cycling performances for Na + storage. • An initial intercalation-subsequent conversion reaction mechanism was revealed. • The assembled sodium ion capacitors exhibit high electrochemical performances. Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs) show great potential for large-scale energy storage devices due to their high energy-power density, long cycling life, and low cost of sodium. Nevertheless, a daunting challenge to this technology is the sluggish sodium ion diffusion kinetics of the faradaic anode materials, which impede the widespread development of SICs. Herein, uniformly layered Fe 2 (MoO 4) 3 (L-FMO) assemblies are prepared though a facile solvothermal-assisted route and used as anode material of SICs for the first time. Benefiting from the improved extrinsic pseudocapacitive contribution, the L-FMO assemblies exhibit fast kinetics, high sodium storage capacity as well as long-term lifetime. Moreover, an initial intercalation-subsequent conversion sodium storage mechanism of L-FMO assemblies is further demonstrated though a series of techniques including in-situ X-ray diffraction, ex-situ transmission electron microscopy as well as ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. When the L-FMO assemblies was applied into SICs, the assembled devices achieve a high-energy-power density (227.2 Wh kg−1, 20.05 kW kg−1) along with good cycling stability (a low capacity decay of only 0.0062% per cycle during 3000 cycles at the current density of 1 A g−1). The present work pioneers alkaline earth metal molybdates for SICs anodes and will push the development of energy storage systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• All-inorganic perovskite CsPbBr 3 QDs glass was prepared by one-step method. • The self-crystallization mechanism of CsPbBr 3 QDs glass was studied in detail. • The WLED device endows a wide color gamut covering up 88 % of Rec. 2020. • The performance degradation of the LDs device can be fully recovered. Embedded within an inorganic amorphous media, all-inorganic perovskite CsPbX 3 (X = Br, I) quantum dots (QDs) overcome the limitation of poor stability for practical application, which has attracted widespread attention. However, the employed thermal treatment strategies for the melting procedure to obtain the amorphous matrix are time- and energy-consuming. Here, we propose an efficient and cost-saving approach for mass production of CsPbBr 3 QDs@glass one-step, which maintains the high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY 47 %) and narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM 24 nm) of CsPbBr 3 QDs. Furthermore, a red shift from 523 to 645 nm of the as-prepared perovskite is achieved by adjusting the halogen composition of the amorphous host from Br to Br/I. Herein, the well-addressed photo- and moisture-stability of the green CsPbBr 3 and red CsPbBr 1.2 I 1.8 QDs@glass perovskites endow a 118 % National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) and 88 % Rec. 2020 standards color gamut, combined with a commercial blue GaN chip, for state-of-the-art backlighting display. Moreover, it is found that the performance degradation of the laser-driven white lighting device, causing by the damages of high-power laser irradiation, can be fully recovered after a facile thermal treatment process. We believe that the synthesis strategy opens up a new avenue for the large scale synthesis of high quality perovskite QDs with low cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The CdS hexagonal pyramid is successfully prepared via using the ureathermal method. • The exhibits H 2 evolution rate of CdS hexagonal pyramid is 10.64 mmol g-1h-1. • Type II heterojunction can be formed between {0001} and {10 1 ¯ 1} crystal planes of CdS hexagonal pyramid. CdS has suitable band gap and high photoelectric conversion efficiency, which has attracted widespread attention. However, its severe photocorrosion and low photocatalytic activity limits its application. Generally, constructing heterojunction structure can effectively improve the separation efficiency of CdS photogenerated carriers, and its photocatalytic activity and stability can be further improved. Here, we prepared CdS hexagonal pyramid single crystal with co-exposed {0001} and {10 1 ¯ 1} crystal planes by the urothermal method. Type II heterojunction can be formed between {0001} and {10 1 ¯ 1} crystal planes, which can effectively improve the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of CdS hexagonal pyramid. The photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of CdS hexagonal pyramid is 10.64 mmol·h-1·g-1 with an apparent quantum efficiency of 15.6% at 420 nm, which is 5.8 times and 13.2 times as high as CdS nanorod and CdS nanoparticles, respectively. Even after the 100 h cycle test, the CdS hexagonal pyramid shows still high photocatalytic activity. This work showed that the photocatalytic activity can be effectively improved by adjusting the crystal faces, which can further generaliza to other photocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The addition and removal of LNPs generates controllable and uniform nanopores within cellulose nanofibril bio-template. • Thin composite solid electrolytes with high flexibility and strength are designed by templates. • As-prepared electrolytes exhibit high ionic conductivity of 1.83 × 10−4 S cm−1 at ambient temperature. • Excellent battery performance and high levels of safety are demonstrated. Composite solid-state electrolytes (CSEs) with high ionic conductivity and low interfacial resistance have been pursued for next‐generation high energy density all solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs). Herein, we report a novel strategy of developing thin, flexible, and conductive CSEs by using lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) to regulate pore characteristics of cellulose nanofibril (CNF) film template. The CNF-LNP film was first prepared, then LNPs were removed, thanks to the excellent LNP solubility in γ-Valerolactone (GVL), resulting in the formation of uniform and porous cellulose nanofibril (CNF) film, which is then utilized for preparing Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO) membrane, with a superior morphological architecture (pore size, uniformity). Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) is then infiltrated into the membrane, producing thin, flexible, and conductive CSEs. Due to the controllable interconnected architecture of LLZO membrane from the LNP regulated CNF film template and its good compatibility with PEO, the as-prepared CSEs exhibit a high lithium ionic conductivity of 1.83 × 10−4 S cm−1 at ambient temperature. The continuous and uniform lithium transfer pathways, with excellent electrolyte/electrode interface contact contribute to long-term cycling stability of symmetric lithium batteries. Hence, the assembled ASSLIBs from the as-prepared CSEs show high discharge specific capacities of 157 and 159.5 mAh g−1 with LiFePO 4 and LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 respectively, with attractive cycling stabilities and capacity retention at ambient temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel sorbitan monooleate-based siloxane derived from a plant source was successfully synthesized. • The plant-based phloretin and sorbitan monooleate-based siloxane were introduced into the cashew shell-based WPU network. • The resulting cashew shell oil-based WPU exhibited high transparency, strong toughness, and good water resistance. • The incorporation of phloretin and sorbitan monooleate-based siloxane imparted outstanding UV resistance and anti-corrosion properties to the system. • The resulting cashew shell oil-based WPU showed outstanding UV resistance and anti-corrosion properties to the system. The increasingly severe energy shortage and growing environmental problems have accelerated the rapid development of sustainable polymer materials. Hereon, a novel method was proposed for the synthesis of cashew nut shell oil-based waterborne polyurethane (WPUs), which exhibited excellent toughness, transparency, water resistance, UV resistance and corrosion resistance. Specifically, the sorbitan monooleate-based siloxane (MSP) was prepared via a thiol-ene click chemistry reaction. Subsequently, the plant-based phloretin (PRT) and MSP were introduced as polyols into the skeleton of WPUs through the molecular structure design strategy. Series of high bio-based content (91 %) WPUs networks were obtained via pre-polymerization and self-emulsification methods. The properties of their dispersions and films were thoroughly investigated, and it was found that the addition of MSP and PRT enhanced the overall performance of WPUs film. For instance, there was a significant increase in T g. Additionally, they exhibited a maximum tensile strength of 31.5 MPa and a maximum toughness of 53 MJ/m3, which were the most outstanding among all reported plant oil-based WPU systems so far, indicating excellent tear resistance. Interestingly, the water absorption rate of PSWPU-40 was reduced to 7.1 %, suggesting good water resistance, which resolved the contradiction between the mechanical properties and water resistance of the current plant oil-based WPU systems. The PSPWU films exhibited promising application prospects, exemplified by its ability to effectively shield the entire UV range. Furthermore, its coating demonstrated outstanding anti-corrosion properties with a maximum anticorrosion efficiency of 97.1 %. It could be attributed to the synergistic effect of a self-crosslinking structure, higher crosslinking density, a tighter network structure, and stronger intermolecular forces (H-bond). This work provided a meaningful guide for the application and development of high-performance bio-based WPU functional coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Bioinspired coating of support layer tunes confinement strength of membrane to enzyme. • Enzyme confinement has little increment in transfer resistance for substrate and products. • Enzyme confinement improves storage and operating stability of biocatalytic membrane. • Biocatalytic membrane shows a stable BPA removal for 7 reuse cycles (>75%) or 36 h operation (>80%). • Enzyme mobility is proposed to reflect confinement strength and membrane performance. Enzymes in living cells are highly dynamic but at the same time regularly confined for achieving efficient metabolism. Inspired by this phenomenon, we have prepared a novel biocatalytic membrane with high enzyme activity and stability by tuning the confinement strength of the membrane to enzyme, which was achieved via modifying the support layer of a polymeric nanofiltration (NF) membrane and reversely filtrating enzyme. A mussel-inspired coating was used to modify the support interior of the NF membrane to enhance charge and steric effects on enzyme, thus stabilizing enzyme in the membrane with little increment in mass transfer resistance for substrate and products (only 20% permeability loss with a high enzyme loading of 1.34 mg/cm2). A suitable confinement strength of the membrane to enzyme could delay the enzyme leakage and endow enzyme with certain mobility for efficient reaction. Thus, the obtained biocatalytic membrane exhibited a negligible decline in BPA removal efficiency for 7 reuse cycles (<3.5%) or 36 h continuous operation (<1%) in flow through mode, resulting in a long-term stability adequate for micropollutant removal. For the first time, enzyme mobility was defined and calculated to quantify the confinement strength of the membrane, which could be used to optimize the microenvironment for enzyme immobilization and predict the performance of the biocatalytic membrane. This work concluded that rationally regulating the enzyme mobility in the membrane and a periodic back-flushing operation for redistribution of enzymes could achieve a long-term stable removal of micropollutant in water by a biocatalytic membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Bioinspired coating of support layer tunes confinement strength of membrane to enzyme. • Enzyme confinement has little increment in transfer resistance for substrate and products. • Enzyme confinement improves storage and operating stability of biocatalytic membrane. • Biocatalytic membrane shows a stable BPA removal for 7 reuse cycles (>75%) or 36 h operation (>80%). • Enzyme mobility is proposed to reflect confinement strength and membrane performance. Enzymes in living cells are highly dynamic but at the same time regularly confined for achieving efficient metabolism. Inspired by this phenomenon, we have prepared a novel biocatalytic membrane with high enzyme activity and stability by tuning the confinement strength of the membrane to enzyme, which was achieved via modifying the support layer of a polymeric nanofiltration (NF) membrane and reversely filtrating enzyme. A mussel-inspired coating was used to modify the support interior of the NF membrane to enhance charge and steric effects on enzyme, thus stabilizing enzyme in the membrane with little increment in mass transfer resistance for substrate and products (only 20% permeability loss with a high enzyme loading of 1.34 mg/cm2). A suitable confinement strength of the membrane to enzyme could delay the enzyme leakage and endow enzyme with certain mobility for efficient reaction. Thus, the obtained biocatalytic membrane exhibited a negligible decline in BPA removal efficiency for 7 reuse cycles (<3.5%) or 36 h continuous operation (<1%) in flow through mode, resulting in a long-term stability adequate for micropollutant removal. For the first time, enzyme mobility was defined and calculated to quantify the confinement strength of the membrane, which could be used to optimize the microenvironment for enzyme immobilization and predict the performance of the biocatalytic membrane. This work concluded that rationally regulating the enzyme mobility in the membrane and a periodic back-flushing operation for redistribution of enzymes could achieve a long-term stable removal of micropollutant in water by a biocatalytic membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The multicolor luminescence property are designed by excitation wavelength fine-selectivity. • A opto-responsive delayed emission has been well-established. • The phosphor can achieve multi-model optical output. Luminescent materials are one of the most fascinating candidates for the field of data communication and information security because of their special optical characteristics. Unfortunately, unimodal output of luminescent performance reaches unsatisfied security of anti-counterfeiting. Hence, achieving multicolor, multitemporal, and multimodal luminescence performance simultaneously is still a fascinating target, especially in a single host. Here, multi-model optical output is realized for the multiple emission centers of CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 doped with Eu3+/Eu2+ ions. Moreover, a successive defect structure is constructed via the introduction of Nd3+ ions, which enables the thermo-/photon- responded luminescence properties. Herein, an efficient three-path authenticating model that performs a dynamic multiple color response and stimulated-sources dependent emission is accomplished in the CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 host matrix. The explored multichannel approach offers a unique insight for designing advanced anti-counterfeiting technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Plasmonic Cu spheres are integrated with Co or Ni nanoparticles in the antenna-reactor-type catalysts. • Cu spheres with different sizes lead to the tunable activity of catalysts in the H 2 generation. • The visible-light-driven synergistic electron effect accounts for the efficient H 2 generation. • The optimal nonprecious catalyst has the highest activity with TOF value of 164.8 min−1. • The obtained results may promote the application of NH 3 BH 3 as an on-demand H 2 carrier. To tailor the electronic behavior of catalytically active species in heterogeneous catalysts is beneficial for regulating their catalytic performance in various reaction including hydrogen generation. Herein, we rationally synthesize a series of antenna-reactor-type catalysts with the combination of plasmonic Cu spheres (55, 130, 190, 270 and 440 nm) with catalytically active Co or Ni nanoparticles (NPs), which are used for hydrogen generation from aqueous ammonia borane (NH 3 BH 3) at 298 K. All the catalysts show the higher activities under visible light irradiation than in the dark and the optimal Co-based catalyst has the highest room-temperature photocatalytic activity with the total turnover frequency (TOF) value of 164.8 min−1, which outperforms the values of all the reported non-noble metal catalysts. The capture of photogenerated electrons, the monochromatic light-dependent activity and hydrogen generation of different catalysts verify that there exists the visible-light-driven synergistic electron effect bewteen plasmonic Cu spheres with energetic electrons and Co NPs with excited electrons generated by interband transitions. This leads to the electron density enrichment of Co NPs and the resultantly enhanced hydrogen generation activity under visible light irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The amine was successfully impregnated on the expanded vermiculite support with layered structure. • The influence of amine-carrier interfacial effects on CO 2 adsorption performance was revealed. • The adsorption mechanism of EVMT-50TETA adsorbent were investigated. • DFT calculations elucidated amine volume expansion and amine-support interaction strength. The utilization of inexpensive and efficient amine-functionalized adsorbents has become a research hotspot in post-combustion capture technology. Meanwhile, the structure of the support and the selection of organic amines are the primary considerations affecting the CO 2 adsorption performance. Herein, the novel solid amine adsorbent materials with amine-support interfacial effect were successfully synthesized in this study by loading four organic amines (TETA, TEPA, PEHA, and PEI) onto expanded vermiculite (EVMT) support with the layered structure. The results indicated that EVMT-50TETA exhibited superior CO 2 adsorption capacity (132.5 mg/g) along with effective regeneration capability. This was attributed to the unique layered structure of EVMT that facilitates the dispersion of TETA on its surface or between layers as well as the formation of hydrogen bonds between surface functional groups (–OH) and amines to enhance the amine-support interfacial interaction. Furthermore, the minimal volume expansion of TETA during CO 2 adsorption enables improved diffusion of CO 2 in channels and enhanced accessibility to active sites. DFT calculations show higher binding energies and faster CO 2 adsorption-diffusion rates between TETA and EVMT support. In situ DRIFTS experiments revealed that the process of CO 2 adsorption followed the zwitterion mechanism, in which the zwitterion can be reversibly deprotonated to form ammonium carbamate and carbamic acid. This study provides comprehensive insights into the supports and amines interfacial effects through systematic investigation, offering both simplified synthesis strategies and profound theoretical support for studying solid amine adsorbents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A catalyst with both photocatalytic and biomimetic catalytic activity for H 2 O 2 production has been successfully prepared by loading gold nanoparticles on graphite carbon nitride nanosheets using polyethyleneimine (PEI) as the "bridge". The biomimetic-photo-coupled catalysis endows PEI-GCN/Au with a high H 2 O 2 production efficiency (270 μmol g−1h−1). This work establishes a paradigm of coupling biomimetic catalysis and photocatalysis for co-production of chemicals. [Display omitted] • A catalyst with bi-functional catalytic activity was developed for H 2 O 2 production. • PEI and AuNPs facilitate the rapid separation of photogenerated carriers on GCN. • Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of AuNPs promotes the activation of the glucose. • PEI and glucose enhance the O 2 adsorption on the catalyst surface. Inspired by the photo-enzyme-coupled catalytic system in chloroplasts, we developed a composite catalyst with both photocatalytic and biomimetic catalytic activity for H 2 O 2 production by loading gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, enzyme mimics) on graphite carbon nitride (GCN, photocatalyst) nanosheets using polyethyleneimine (PEI) as the "bridge". The introduction of PEI and AuNPs can adjust the electronic structure of GCN, facilitating the rapid separation of photogenerated carriers. Moreover, surface plasmon resonance of AuNPs excited by incident light promotes the activation of glucose molecules, elevating their reactivity with O 2 , thereby improving the glucose oxidase-mimicking catalytic production of H 2 O 2. Furthermore, the grafting of PEI and the addition of glucose enhance the O 2 adsorption on the catalyst surface. Thus, both biomimetic catalytic and photocatalytic reduction of O 2 to H 2 O 2 are boosted, achieving a significant synergistic enhancement effect of 175%. This study provided a novel design strategy for catalysts and a green routine for efficient H 2 O 2 production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]