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We propose a printed 384‐well microtiter paper‐based fluorescent chemosensor array device (384‐well microtiter PCAD) to simultaneously categorize and discriminate saccharides and sulfur‐containing amino acids for food analysis. The 384‐well microtiter PCAD requiring 1 μL/4 mm2 of each well can allow high‐throughput sensing. The device embedded with self‐assembled fluorescence chemosensors displayed a fingerprint‐like response pattern for targets, the image of which was rapidly captured by a portable digital camera. Indeed, the paper‐based chemosensor array system combined with imaging analysis and pattern recognition techniques not only successfully categorized saccharides and sulfur‐containing amino acids but also classified mono‐ and disaccharide groups. Furthermore, the quantitative detectability of the printed device was revealed by a spike and recovery test for fructose and glutathione in a diluted freshly made tomato juice. We believe that the 384‐well microtiter PCAD using the imaging analysis system will be a powerful sensor for multi‐analytes at several categorized groups in real samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Controlled tailoring of mechanical property and wettability is important for designing various functional materials. The integration of these characteristics with waste materials is immensely challenging to achieve, however, it can provide sustainable solutions to combat relevant environmental pollutions and other relevant challenges. Here, the strategic conversion of discarded and valueless waste paper into functional products has been introduced following a catalyst‐free chemical approach to tailor both the mechanical property and water wettability at ambient conditions for sustainable waste management and controlling the relevant environmental pollution. In the current design, the controlled and appropriate silanization of waste paper allowed to modulate both the a) porosity and b) compressive modulus of the paper‐derived sponges. Further, the association of 1,4‐conjugate addition reaction between amine and acrylate groups allowed to obtain an unconventional waste paper‐derived chemically 'reactive' sponge. The appropriate covalent modification of the residual reactive acrylate groups with selected alkylamines at ambient conditions provided a facile basis to tailor the water wettability from moderate hydrophobicity, adhesive superhydrophobicity to non‐adhesive superhydrophobicity. The embedded superhydrophobicity in the waste paper‐derived sponge was capable of sustaining large physical deformations, severe physical abrasions, prolonged exposure to harsh aqueous conditions, etc. Further, the waste paper‐derived, extremely water‐repellent sponges and membranes were successfully extended for proof‐of‐concept demonstration of a practically relevant outdoor application, where the repetitive remediation of oil spillages has been demonstrated following both selective absorption (25 times) of oils and gravity‐driven filtration‐based (50 times) separation of oils from oil/water mixtures at different harsh aqueous scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TEMPO‐oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (ONFC) with charged carboxyl groups is introduced for the efficient exfoliation of two‐dimensional (2D) MoS2/graphene composites. As an effective dispersant agent, ONFC can be easily absorbed between the adjacent layers, so as to prevent the accumulation of the exfoliated nanosheets. With the assistance of charged ONFC, the exfoliated MoS2/graphene is gradually increased in the aqueous dispersions with the elongated sonication time. After dewatering, self‐standing MoS2/Graphene/ONFC/CNTs composite films are rationally constructed using ONFC as flexible fibrous skeleton, and CNTs/graphene as 1D/2D interpenetrating electrical networks. Ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets anchored on the 1D/2D heterogeneous networks is directly acted as an ideal paper‐anode for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) without using traditional metallic current collector. The self‐standing flexible electrode materials based on natural cellulose will promote the future green electronics with high flexibility, miniaturization, and increased portability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hallmark of a successful catalyst is its high efficiency, economic aspects, operational simplicity, extensive reusability, higher environment friendliness, and potential use in multiple industrial applications. Herein, a facile protocol involving a catalyst with Pd nanoparticles supported on cellulose paper (also known as a "dip‐catalyst") for the hydrogenation of a series of quinolines, nitroarene, and C−C bond formation reactions in most benign solvents such as water is described. The mere insertion/removal of the "dip‐catalyst" strip enables instantaneous start/stop of the reaction, which enhances its reusability and ease of separation of products. Cellulose paper (CP) strips decorated with Pd nanoparticles (Pd/CP) are prepared by the reduction of K2PdCl4 soaked strips using formic acid as reductant. The resulting spherical shaped Pd particles, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, form stable catalysis centers on the support. XRD signature confirms the crystallinity of the Pd nanoparticles and the TEM images display 15–20 nm size particles uniformly decorating CP. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates the formation of metallic Pd. The catalyst is tested for the C−C bond formation reactions. Pd/CP catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reaction demonstrate >99% conversion with optimum selectivity. On the other hand, Mizoroki‐Heck reaction produced 87% conversion with the reaction of 4‐methoxycarbonyl phenylboronic acid and iodobenzene in ethanol:water (1 : 1 v/v) using KOH as base. The developed Pd/CP construct produces >99% of the pyridine‐ring hydrogenated product on quinoline hydrogenation using tetrahydroxydiboron (THDB) as the hydrogen source. Diverse and highly reducible functional groups were also evaluated for transfer hydrogenation, which demonstrates a high efficiency in terms of both reactivity and selectivity. The used catalysts are recyclable for the multiple cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work describes a terbium luminescence‐based protocol to selectively detect gallate‐derived green tea polyphenols on a supramolecular gel immobilised paper platform for the first time. This user‐friendly, inexpensive (€ 0.0015) approach requires very low sample volumes for the analysis. The developed strategy enables simultaneous detection of gallate polyphenols in multiple tea samples with the potential for practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An afterglow is beneficial as an emission signal in the field of displays and imaging probes. Here, boronic acid‐appended and spirolactam ring‐containing rhodamine dye 1 was synthesized and grafted onto the surface of room‐temperature phosphorescence‐active boronate nanoparticles (BPs), composed of polymeric 3‐benzo‐2,4,8,10‐tetraoxa‐3,9‐diboraspiro[5.5]undecane. The resultant ensemble, 1@BP, exhibited a greenish afterglow. However, the addition of Al3+ into the dispersion solution with 1@BP led to a change in the afterglow to grass green as a result of Förster‐type energy transfer from the phosphorescent BP to the Al3+‐interacting rhodamine dye 1 on the surface. Based on the ratio of the two emission intensities, a linear response in the concentration range of 3.8–15.2 μM was observed, with a detection limit of 4.2 μM for Al3+. A metal ion‐dependent discernable color in afterglow was observed on a 1@BP‐coated filter paper, which would be useful for not only film‐based afterglow chemosensors but also encryption application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vertically aligned Ni(OH)2 nanosheets were grown on carbon paper (CP) current collectors through a simple and cost-effective hydrothermal approach. The as-grown nanosheets are porous and highly crystallized. If used as a monolithic electrode for electrochemical water oxidation in alkaline solution, the carbon paper supported Ni(OH)2 nanosheets [CP@Ni(OH)2] exhibit high electrocatalytic activity and excellent long-term stability. The electrode can attain an anodic current density of 20 mA cm−2 at a low overpotential of 338 mV, comparable to that of state-of-the-art RuO2 nanocatalysts supported on CP (CP/RuO2) with the same catalyst loading. Significantly, CP@Ni(OH)2 shows much better long-term stability than CP/RuO2 upon continuous galvanostatic electrolysis, particularly at a high industry-relevant current density such as 100 mA cm−2. CP@Ni(OH)2 can sustain water oxidation at 100 mA cm−2 for 50 h without any degradation, whereas the performance of CP/RuO2 is much poorer and deteriorates gradually over time. CP@Ni(OH)2 electrodes hold substantial promise for use as low-costing water oxidation anodes in electrolyzers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemosensing, an interdisciplinary scientific domain, plays a pivotal role ranging from environmental monitoring to healthcare diagnostics and (inter)national security. Metal‐organic gels (MOGs) are recognized for their stability, selectivity, and responsiveness, making them valuable for chemosensing applications. Researchers have explored the development of MOGs based on different metal ions and ligands, allowing for tailored properties and sensitivities, and have even demonstrated their applications as portable sensors such as paper‐based test strips for practical use. Herein, several studies related to MOGs development and their applications in the chemosensing field via UV‐visible or luminance along with electrochemical approach are presented. These papers explored MOGs as versatile materials with their use in sensing bio or environmental analytes. This review provides a foundational understanding of key concepts, methodologies, and recent advancements in this field, fostering the scientific community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vat photopolymerization (VPP) based three‐dimensional (3D) printing, including stereolithography (SLA) and digital light projection (DLP), is known for producing intricate, high‐precision prototypes with superior mechanical properties. However, the challenge lies in the non‐recyclability of covalently crosslinked thermosets used in these printing processes, limiting the sustainable utilization of printed prototypes. This review paper examines the recently explored avenue of VPP 3D‐printed dynamic covalent network (DCN) polymers, which enable reversible crosslinks and allow for the reprocessing of printed prototypes, promoting sustainability. These reversible crosslinks facilitate the rearrangement of crosslinked polymers, providing printed polymers with chemical/physical recyclability, self‐healing capabilities, and degradability. While various mechanisms for DCN polymer systems are explored, this paper focuses solely on photocurable polymers to highlight their potential to revolutionize the sustainability of VPP 3D printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores recent advancements in the field of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) exhibited by small and isolated organic molecules. The development and application of small CPL molecule are systematically reviewed through eight different chiral skeleton sections. Investigating the intricate interplay between molecular structure and CPL properties, the paper aims at providing and enlighting novel strategies for CPL‐based applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indeed, the printed 384-well microtiter paper-based fluorescent chemosensor array system combined with imaging analysis and pattern recognition techniques successfully not only categorized saccharides and sulfur-containing amino acids but also classified mono- and disaccharide groups. Paper, sensors, pattern recognition, self-assembly, food analysis Keywords: paper; sensors; pattern recognition; self-assembly; food analysis EN paper sensors pattern recognition self-assembly food analysis 1 1 1 08/19/22 20220815 NES 220815 B A facile paper-based device b embedded with self-assembled fluorescent chemosensors displayed a fingerprint-like response pattern for targets, the image of which was rapidly captured by a portable digital camera. [Extracted from the article]

A self‐propelled object coupled with an enzyme reaction between urease and urea was investigated at the air/aqueous interface. A plastic object that was fixed to a urease‐immobilized filter paper was used as a self‐propelled object, termed a urease motor, placed on an aqueous urea solution. The driving force of the urease motor is the difference in the surface tension around the object. Oscillatory motion or no motion was triggered depending on the initial pH of the urea solution. Both the frequency and maximum speed of the oscillatory motion varied depending on the initial pH of the water phase. The mechanisms underlying the oscillatory motion and no motion were discussed in relation to the bell‐shaped enzyme activity of urease in the enzyme reaction and the surface tension around the urease motor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthesis and photophysical properties of a fluorescent probe HBD is described. Probe upon interaction with metal ions, anions and nucleoside pyrophosphates (NPPs) showed fluorescence quenching with Cu2+ due to chelation enhanced quenching effect (CHEQ). Moreover, interaction of ensemble HBD.Cu2+ with anions and NPPs showed fluorescence “turn‐On” response with ATP selectively. “On‐Off‐On” responses observed with Cu2+ and ATP is attributed to an interplay between ESIPT and TICT processes. Cyclic voltammogram of probe exhibited quasi‐reversible redox behaviour with three oxidation and two reduction potentials and the change in band gaps of probe suggested the interaction with Cu2+ and ATP. The 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 binding stoichiometry for an interaction between probe and Cu2+ (LOD, 62 nM) and ensemble, HBD.Cu2+ with ATP (LOD, 0.4 μM) respectively are realised by Job's plot and HRMS data. Cell imaging studies carried out to detect Cu2+ and ATP in HeLa cells. Also, the output emission observed with Cu2+ and ATP is utilized to construct an implication (IMP) logic gate. Test paper strips showed naked‐eye visible color responses to detect Cu2+ and ATP. In real water samples probe successfully detected copper (0.03 μM) between 5–6.5 ppb level (ICP‐MS method). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have established an operationally convenient protocol for the rapid construction of polysubstituted methyleneindene and quinoline derivatives under mild conditions. This new synthetic method is achieved through the conversion of acetyl‐substituted methylenecyclopropanes with TsOH ⋅ H2O and ortho‐amino‐substituted methylenecyclopropanes with aromatic aldehyde and TsOH ⋅ H2O, respectively. A variety of transformations of the obtained products was demonstrated. The plausible reaction mechanisms were also proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIE‐active positional isomers, TTE‐o‐PhCHO, TTE‐m‐PhCHO and TTE‐p‐PhCHO, tetrathienylethene (TTE) derivates with peripherally attached ortho‐/meta‐/para‐formyl phenyl groups, were designed and synthesized. The formyl substitution position can effectively modulate their photophysical properties, mechanochromism and fluorescent response to hydrazine. TTE‐o‐PhCHO and TTE‐m‐PhCHO exhibit remarkable AIE characteristics, and TTE‐p‐PhCHO possesses aggregation‐induced emission enhancement performance. They all exhibit high contrast mechanochromism, and TTE‐m‐PhCHO shows larger red‐shift (164 nm) than TTE‐o‐PhCHO (104 nm) and TTE‐p‐PhCHO (125 nm) due to the more twisted molecular conformation and much looser molecular packing. Moreover, TTE‐o‐PhCHO with a higher contrast color change can be used as ink‐free rewritable paper. In addition, TTE‐p‐PhCHO, as a turn‐on fluorescent probe, can selectively detect hydrazine with significant color changes that are visible by the naked eye. Therefore, the position dependence of groups would be an effective method to modulate the molecular arrangement, as well as develop AIE compounds for mechano‐stimuli responsive materials, ink‐free rewritable papers and chemosensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydroxyl radical (•OH), a highly reactive oxygen species (ROS), is assumed as one of the most aggressive free radicals. This radical has a detrimental impact on cells as it can react with different biological substrates leading to pathophysiological disorders, including inflammation, mitochondrion dysfunction, and cancer. Quantification of this free radical in‐situ plays critical roles in early diagnosis and treatment monitoring of various disorders, like macrophage polarization and tumor cell development. Luminescence analysis using responsive probes has been an emerging and reliable technique for in‐situ detection of various cellular ROS, and some recently developed •OH responsive nanoprobes have confirmed the association with cancer development. This paper aims to summarize the recent advances in the characterization of •OH in living organisms using responsive nanoprobes, covering the production, the sources of •OH, and biological function, especially in the development of related diseases followed by the discussion of luminescence nanoprobes for •OH detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Degradation of organic coatings is essential for recycling valuable substrates. Despite the development of strategies for this purpose, the resulting degradations are typically constrained by the composition of the coating. This paper presents a simple strategy utilizing radicals induced by UV for the degradation of diverse organic coatings. The sulfate radicals, generated from UV‐exposed ammonium persulfates, induce the degradation of various organic coatings, including layer‐by‐layer assembled coating composed of alginate and chitosan polymers as well as polydopamine coating. This strategy also facilitates the separation of two adhered substrates by degrading the adhesive polymer layer positioned between them. This novel approach enables the complete degradation of various organic coatings in aqueous conditions without imposing restrictions on their composition, leading to the recovery of the original surface properties of the substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attributed to the characteristics of narrow band gap structural units and full spectral response, iso‐indigo is often used as an electron acceptor in organic electronic materials. Organic molecules with large conjugated surfaces and strong intermolecular forces can form ordered stacked structures through self‐assembly. In this paper, the self‐assembly performances of IDCF3 and IDCN are regulated by changing the end groups. The effects of terminal groups on the resistive memory behaviours and reproducibility are investigated. The properties of IDCF3 and IDCN devices are characterized by UV‐VIS spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and DSC diffraction. The results show that when the end groups with different steric hindrance are introduced into the ends of the molecules with good backbone plane, the conjugated surfaces of the molecules will bend due to the different steric hindrance of the end groups in the form of cambium and layer‐ordered packing, which will affect the threshold voltage and device reproducibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Superhydrophilic/oleophobic materials are considered to be the best materials for achieving oil‐water separation, but their preparation is difficult and the existing methods are not universal. In this paper, a two‐step modification strategy was used to prepare superhydrophilic/oleophobic sponges by adjusting the polar and nonpolar components of the materials using mussel‐inspired chemistry. While remaining superhydrophilic, the modified sponge surface has a maximum contact angle of 135° with different oils in air. The modified sponge exhibited superoleophobicity in water, and the contact angle of oil could reach more than 150°. In addition, the modified sponges were also reusable, chemically stable, and mechanically durable. Its oil‐water separation flux was up to 24900 Lm−2 h−1 bar−1, and the separation efficiency was above 97 %. We believe that this method will provide an environmentally friendly and efficient way to prepare the superhydrophilic/oleophobic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have received increasing attention in the field of electrochemical CO2RR with their efficient atom utilization efficiency and excellent catalytic performance. However, their low metal loading and the presence of linear relationships for single active sites with simple structures possibly restrict their activity and practical applications. Active site tailoring at the atomic level is a visionary approach to break the existing limitations of SACs. This paper first briefly introduces the synthesis strategies of SACs and DACs. Then, combining previous experimental and theoretical studies, this paper introduces four optimization strategies, namely spin‐state tuning engineering, axial functionalization engineering, ligand engineering, and substrate tuning engineering, for improving the catalytic performance of SACs in the electrochemical CO2RR process by combining previous experimental and theoretical studies. Then it is introduced that DACs exhibit significant advantages over SACs in increasing metal atom loading, promoting the adsorption and activation of CO2 molecules, modulating intermediate adsorption, and promoting C−C coupling. At the end of this paper, we briefly and succinctly summarize the main challenges and application prospects of SACs and DACs in the field of electrochemical CO2RR at present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vanadium‐carbide‐based MXenes have bewitched the scientific community due to their distinctive characteristics, which make them potential candidates for several technological applications, such as supercapacitors (SCs), batteries, gas separation, biological sensors, and desalination. This article provides an overview of recent developments in the synthesis and applications of vanadium‐carbide MXene in SCs. Vanadium carbide is one of the most difficult MXenes to synthesize, and various synthesis techniques, including electrochemical exfoliation and chemical etching, have been utilized to fabricate this material. Additionally, the review article also emphasizes the potential use of vanadium carbide MXene as SCs. Finally, the paper concludes with the challenges faced in the synthesis process and the prospects of vanadium carbide MXene‐based material fabrication. Overall, this review article provides in‐depth and detailed information on recent research on vanadium carbide MXene and its possible uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely investigated as functional materials with excellent properties. However, most MOFs are of poor electrical conductivity, which hinders their further application in electrochemical fields. Fortunately, the emergence of intrinsically conductive MOFs (c‐MOFs) alleviates this problem. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) possess Faraday redox reactivity, which is favorable to capacitors. In this paper, we combined c‐MOFs with LDHs and prepared a series of NiCo‐LDH@M‐HHTP(‐EtOH) (M=Ni or Co; HHTP=2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexahydroxytriphenylene) multilayer nanoarrays, and the effects of solvent on the morphology and energy storage properties of the materials were investigated. When NiCo‐LDH@Co‐HHTP‐EtOH is applied as an electrode material in supercapacitors, it exhibits a capacitance of 830 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. Furthermore, it exhibits high energy density and excellent rate performance when assembled in aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although deep‐learning (DL) models suggest unprecedented prediction capabilities in tackling various chemical problems, their demonstrated tasks have so far been limited to the scalar properties including the magnitude of vectorial properties, such as molecular dipole moments. A rotation‐equivariant MolNet_Equi model, proposed in this paper, understands and recognizes the molecular rotation in the 3D Euclidean space, and exhibits the ability to predict directional dipole moments in the rotation‐sensitive mode, as well as showing superior performance for the prediction of scalar properties. Three consecutive operations of molecular rotation RM ${\left(R\left(M\right)\right)}$ , dipole‐moment prediction φμRM ${\left({\phi{} }_{\mu }\left(R\left(M\right)\right)\right)}$ , and dipole‐moment inverse‐rotation R-1φμRM ${\left({R}^{-1}\left({\phi{} }_{\mu }\left(R\left(M\right)\right)\right)\right)}$ do not alter the original prediction of the total dipole moment of a molecule φμM ${\left({\phi{} }_{\mu }\right(M\left)\right)}$ , assuring the rotational equivariance of MolNet_Equi. Furthermore, MolNet_Equi faithfully predicts the absolute direction of dipole moments given molecular poses, albeit the model has been trained only with the information on dipole‐moment magnitudes, not directions. This work highlights the potential of incorporating fundamental yet crucial chemical rules and concepts into DL models, leading to the development of chemically intuitive models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enantiorecognition and resolution are of essential importance in many diverse areas of science. Whenever there arises a need to analyze/investigate enantiomers in different situations chromatography stands up in our minds immediately. Nevertheless, chemoselective and enantioselective recognition/discrimination (without going for separation) constitutes a different perception and requirement. The techniques using chiroptical sensing cause detection based on molecular interactions induced in different manners. Enantioselective sensing of monosaccharides in γ‐cyclodextrin assembly and by diboronic acid based fluorescent sensors, application of bi‐naphthol and H8BINOL based sensors and dendrimers, metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer transitions in CD, exciton‐coupled circular dichroism, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and enantioselective indicator displacement sensor arrays for enantioselective recognition/detection of chiral organic compounds, such as amines, amino acids/alcohols, and hydroxycarboxylic acids have been discussed in progressive manner with mechanistic explanations, wherever available. Besides, the chiroptical vs LC approach has been discussed. The present paper is focused on certain different non‐chromatographic optical techniques and aims to extend an understanding and a view to consider such techniques which have been successful in selective detection, and determination of absolute configuration and enantiomeric excess, (without resorting to separation vis‐à‐vis LC) and that have potential use in high‐throughput chiral assay and combinatorial search for asymmetric catalysts and reagents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chiral carbon dots (CCDs) can be widely used in various fields such as chiral recognition, chiral catalysis and biomedicine because of their unique optical properties, low toxicity and good biocompatibility. In addition, CCDs with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) can be synthesized, thus broadening the prospects of CCDs applications. Since the research on CCDs is still in its infancy, this paper reviews the chiral origin, formation mechanism, chiral evolution, synthesis and emerging applications of CCDs, with a special focus on CCDs with CPL activity. It is hoped that it will provide some reference to solve the current problems faced by CCDs. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of the current research on CCDs are described, and their future development trends have also been prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we report an efficient strategy for synthesizing the DEFGH rings of phainanoid F. The key to the construction of the 13,30‐cyclodammarane skeleton of the molecule was a photo‐induced 6π‐electrocyclization and a homoallylic elimination. Notably, this is a rare example of using electrocyclization reaction to simultaneously construct two vicinal quaternary carbons in total synthesis. The strategy outlined here forms the basis of our total synthesis of Phainanoid F, and it could also serve as a generally applicable approach for synthesizing other natural products containing similar 13,30‐cyclodammarane skeletons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we have successfully synthesized dithienylethene‐based chiral bisoxazoline ligands with bidirectional photoswitching capabilities under visible light irradiation and proposed a strategy for adjusting the conjugation system length in sensitizer groups. The detailed experimental procedures and the characterization data are presented in the main text and the Supporting Information. Despite their moderate photoswitching rates, these ligands provide a promising approach towards developing fully visible light‐responsive chiral catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible sensors show great application potential in wearable electronics, human‐computer interaction, medical health, bionic electronic skin and other fields. Compared with rigid sensors, hydrogel‐based devices are more flexible and biocompatible and can easily fit the skin or be implanted into the body, making them more advantageous in the field of flexible electronics. In all designs, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) series hydrogels exhibit high mechanical strength, excellent sensitivity and fatigue resistance, which make them promising candidates for flexible electronic sensing devices. This paper has reviewed the latest progress of PVA/plant‐based biomass hydrogels in the construction of flexible sensor applications. We first briefly introduced representative plant biomass materials, including sodium alginate, phytic acid, starch, cellulose and lignin, and summarized their unique physical and chemical properties. After that, the design principles and performance indicators of hydrogel sensors are highlighted, and representative examples of PVA/plant‐based biomass hydrogel applications in wearable electronics are illustrated. Finally, the future research is briefly prospected. We hope it can promote the research of novel green flexible sensors based on PVA/biomass hydrogel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemiresistive sensing lies in its ability to provide fast, accurate, and reliable detection of various gases in a cost‐effective and non‐invasive manner. In this context, graphene‐functionalized metal oxides play crucial role in hydrogen gas sensing. However, a cost‐effective, defect‐free, and large production schemes of graphene‐based sensors are required for industrial applications. This review focuses on graphene‐functionalized metal oxide nanostructures designed for gaseous molecules detection, mainly hydrogen gas sensing applications. For the convenience of the reader and to understand the role of graphene‐metal oxide hybrids (GMOH) in gas sensing activities, a brief overview of the properties and synthesis routes of graphene and GMOH have been reported in this paper. Metal oxides play an essential role in the GMOH construct for hydrogen gas sensing. Therefore, various metal oxides‐decorated GMOH constructs are detailed in this review as gas sensing platforms, particularly for hydrogen detection. Finally, specific directions for future research works and challenges ahead in designing highly selective and sensitive hydrogen gas sensors have been highlighted. As illustrated in this review, understanding of the metal oxides‐decorated GMOH constructs is expected to guide ones in developing emerging hybrid nanomaterials that are suitable for hydrogen gas sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an eco‐friendly material, PLA was a desirable alternative to polyethylene and polypropylene films due to its biodegradability. The preferable melt strength of PLA‐based materials was a key factor in ensuring its processing using extrusion blow. This paper focuses on the influence of interchain force and/or chain entanglement on the melt strength and ductility of PLA‐based materials in recent years. In addition, the preparation of PLA‐based materials via physical blending or reactive processing was also summarized. The blending of PLA with a flexible heteropolymer, driven by the interchain force and/or chain entanglements, were characterized as a practicable method for toughening PLA‐based materials. Also, the restructuring of PLA chains, by branching based on chain entanglement, was suitable for increasing chain entanglements in PLA matrix, yielding satisfactory melt strength and ductility. This review aims to elucidate the relationship between interchain forces and/or entanglement with the melt strength and ductility of PLA‐based materials. An essential and systematic understanding of the tailoring melt strength and rheological properties of PLA by interchain forces and/or entanglement was apt to improve and perfect the processing technology of the extrusion blow, and consequently improve the tensile strength and toughness of PLA films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, inspired by the human‐giving goosebumps process, we demonstrated a rapid, versatile, and simple method to prepare anti‐UV microstructures polymer blend films with good morphology based on phase separation. Through the results of characterizations, it is proved that the microstructures are formed by polymer phase separation. Then the formation possibility of microstructures is proved by thermodynamic analysis. Moreover, the phase‐field model is used to simulate the formation of microstructures by the finite element method, which can illustrate the evolution process of the microstructures. Besides, the microstructures were prepared on different substrates through the simple phase separation method, which can verify the versatility of this method. In addition, the anti‐UV performance of the micro‐structure films was evaluated. This work proposed a simple and versatile route to prepare microstructures coating in different substrates, which exhibit well anti‐UV performance, and this work has the application potential for preventing material aging caused by UV radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the impetus of flexible electronics and micro‐nano fabrication technology, the human demand for flexible intelligent wearable devices is on an upsurge. In recent years, new functional fibers have undergone rapid development and emerged as an indispensable carrier of flexible wearable e‐textiles. However, to achieve their functional applications and durability, new functional fibers must possess good electrical and mechanical properties. As an emerging two‐dimensional material, MXenes have attracted immense attention for their high electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, specific surface area, adjustable surface properties, and exceptional processability. As such, MXenes have become an ideal candidate for the primary functional component of functional fibers. This paper presents a comprehensive review of research progress on MXene‐based fibers in the construction of flexible wearable electronic textiles. Firstly, we briefly outline the preparation methods of MXenes materials. Next, we summarize the processing types of MXene‐based fibers and highlight their performance parameters. Lastly, we summarize the primary application scenarios of MXene‐based fibers and anticipate the future development of flexible wearable e‐textiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a novel and simple method – direct reaction of lanthanoid metals with equimolar amounts of iodine and a formamidine under ultrasonication as an effective, metal‐based route to lanthanoid(III) diiodide formamidinates, namely I. N,N′‐Bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)formamidinatodiiodidolanthanoid(III) complexes [Ln(DippForm)I2(thf)3] (Ln=La, 1, Ce, 2, Tb, 3, Ho, 4, Er, 5, Tm, 6); II. N,N′‐Bis(2,6‐diethylphenyl)formamidinatodiiodidolanthanoid(III) complexes [Ln(EtForm)I2(thf)3] (Ln=Ce, 7, Nd, 8, Gd, 9, Tb, 10, Dy, 11, Ho, 12, Er, 13, Lu, 14). III. N,N′‐bis(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)formamidinatodiiodidolanthanoid(III) complexes [Ln(XylForm)I2(thf)3] (Ln=Ce, 15, Nd, 16, Gd, 17, Tm, 18, Lu 19); IV. N,N′‐bis(phenyl)formamidinatodiiodidolanthanoid complexes [Ln(PhForm)I2(thf)3] (Ln=Nd, 20, Gd, 21, Er, 22). Compound [Ce(XylForm)2I(thf)2] (23) was also synthesized by the same method except the ratio of I2 to XylFormH was 1 : 4. Divalent N,N′‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)formamidinato‐iodido‐lanthanoid(II) complexes [Eu(DippForm)I(thf)4] ⋅ thf (24), [Yb(DippForm)I(thf)3] ⋅ 2DippFormH (25), [Sm(DippForm)I(thf)4] ⋅ thf (26) have also been synthesized by direct reactions of the free metals, iodine and DippFormH. Interestingly, [Sm(DippForm)I2(thf)3] (27) was obtained by the oxidation of [Sm(DippForm)I(thf)4] ⋅ thf (26) on exposure to air. N,N′‐Bis(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)formamidinatoiodidosamarium(II) [Sm(XylForm)I(thf)3]n (28) was also prepared by direct reaction of Sm, iodine and XylFormH (mole ratio of I2: XylFormH=1 : 2). All products have been identified by X‐ray crystallography and all the trivalent complexes [Ln(Form)nI3‐n] (n=1 or 2) are stable to rearrangement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CH4‐CO2 reforming is a good way to convert two environmentally harmful greenhouse gases into a high value syngas. However, the catalytic activity and stability of the catalysts need to be further improved. In this paper, the effects of promoter Y and calcination temperature on the catalytic activity and stability of Co/WC‐AC catalysts were investigated. The catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, CO2‐TPD, H2‐TPR, XPS, and TG‐DSC. XPS and H2‐TPR. The results indicated that the introduction of Y decreased the reduction temperature of Co2O3 species and facilitated the formation of Co2+ species. Meanwhile, the addition of Y increased the content of lattice oxygen on the catalyst surface, which enhanced the carbon elimination capacity of the catalyst. The TG‐DSC results showed that the activity and stability of the catalysts calcined at 550 °C were poor due to the presence of carbon materials with weak carbon interactions on the catalyst support surface. Meanwhile, the catalyst calcined at 700 °C lead to the collapse of the pores due to the high calcination temperature, which eventually led to the decrease of the catalyst stability. It was found that the Co‐Y/WC‐AC catalysts prepared at the calcination temperature of 600 °C had the best catalytic activity and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excess CO2 can be effectively converted into valuable fuels and chemicals by electrochemical CO2 reduction, which can help establish a low‐carbon emission economy and solve the current energy crisis. In recent years, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), as an emerging multifunctional material with porous structure, high chemical tunability and large specific surface area, has received increasing attention in the field of electrochemical CO2RR. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of various MOFs and their derivatives as CO2RR electrocatalysts and analyze their roles in the catalytic process from physical and chemical aspects. In addition, combining experiments and theory, this article also offers a personal view on the electronic structure modulation strategies to improve electrocatalytic performance. The article concludes with an analysis of the challenges in realizing MOFs and their derivatives for electrocatalytic CO2RR applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new type of non‐covalent interaction similar to hydrogen bond, halogen bond has become an important supramolecular tool in crystal engineering, material chemistry, biological science, etc., due to its unique properties. In fact, halogen bond has been confirmed on the effect of molecular assemblies and soft materials, and widely used in various functional soft materials including liquid crystals, gels and polymers. In recent years, halogen bonding has aroused strong interest in inducing molecular assembly into low‐molecular‐weight gels (LMWGs). To the best of our knowledge, there is still a lack of in‐depth review of this field. So, in this paper, the recent progress of LMWGs driven by halogen bonding is reviewed. According to the number of components forming halogen bonded gels, the structural characteristics of halogen bonded supramolecular gels, the relationship between halogen bonding and other non‐covalent interactions, as well as the application fields of halogen bonded gels are introduced, respectively. In addition, the challenges faced by halogenated supramolecular gels at present and their development prospects in future have been proposed. We believe that the halogen bonded gel will have more impressive applications in the next few years, opening exciting new opportunities for the development of soft materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, CaxZn10‐xFe20 catalysts were prepared by the co‐precipitation method and applied to CO2 hydrogenation. The experimental results show that the CO2 conversion of the catalyst Ca1Zn9Fe20 at a Ca doping amount of 1 mmol can reach 57.91 %, which is 13.5 % more than the CO2 conversion of the catalyst Zn10Fe20. Moreover, the catalyst Ca1Zn9Fe20 has the lowest selectivity for both CO and CH4, with 7.40 % and 6.99 %, respectively. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption‐desorption, CO2‐TPD, H2‐TPR, and XPS. The results demonstrate that the doping of Ca increases the basic sites on the catalyst surface and thus allows the catalyst to adsorb more CO2 to promote the reaction. Besides, the Ca doping amount of 1 mmol can suppress the formation of graphitic carbon on the catalyst surface and prevent the excess graphitic carbon from covering the active site Fe5C2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two typical molecular switches of spiropyran (SP) and benzoxazine (OX) were fused by sharing an indole to achieve a new dual‐addressable molecular switch (SP‐OX‐NO2). Through proper molecular modification with NO2, the transformation from merocyanine (MC) to ring‐closed SP or ring‐closed OX can be controlled separately with visible light or base stimuli in solution, respectively, and these processes are verified by UV‐vis and NMR spectroscopy as well as control experiments. The cis‐merocyanine (cis‐MC) form is involved in the basochromic process in solution. DFT calculation suggests that the bidirectional switching property of the fused SP‐OX molecular switch can be controlled separately, when the OX isomer is more stable than the deprotonated SP isomer. Because of the significant color variations in solution, the simple dual‐addressable switch has been further successfully applied to construct a multicolor reversible display on paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanozymes have received extensive attention in the fields of sensing and detection, medical therapy, industry, and agriculture thanks to the combination of the catalytic properties of natural enzymes and the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, coupled with superior stability and ease of preparation. Despite the promise of nanozymes, conventional nanozymes are constrained by their oversized size and low catalytic capacity in sophisticated practical application environments. single‐atom nanozymes (SAzymes) were characterized as nanozymes with high catalytic efficiency by uniformly distributed single atoms as catalysis sites, thus effectively addressing the defects of conventional nanozymes. This paper reviews the activity improvement scheme and catalytic mechanism of SAzymes and highlights the latest research progress of SAzymes in the fields of biomedical sensing and therapy. Eventually, the challenges and future directions of SAzymes are discussed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A dimethylaniline (donor)‐indanedione (acceptor) conjugate (sensor 1) with a very low molecular weight of 277 g mol−1 and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) characteristics was synthesized. Sensor 1 shows weak ICT fluorescence in solution, but strong emission (Φ=16%) in the solid state owing to intramolecular and intermolecular C−H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonds that inhibit the free rotation of the exocyclic C−C single bond. Compared to yellow emitter 1Y, which has a similar donor‐acceptor structure, sensor 1 shows red fluorescence in the solid state owing to J‐aggregate formation. The colorimetric and fluorometric responses of sensor 1 to cyanide in both solution and solid state are due to the nucleophilic addition of cyanide to the β‐conjugated carbon of the indanedione group, which prohibits ICT. Additionally, inexpensive portable paper‐based test kits based on sensor 1 were easily prepared and could be used for fast and quantitative naked‐eye cyanide detection in real time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation mechanism is closely related to the structure/configuration of the "active site" of the Fenton‐like catalysts. In this paper, it is shown that Cu2+ chemically bonds the surface of birnessite at the Mn vacancy site to form triple‐corner‐sharing inner‐sphere surface complexes (Cu‐Bir), which regulates the PMS activation mechanism. Birnessite/PMS Fenton‐like system degrades phenol via a non‐radical mechanism, which involves high valent Mn(V)=O generated from the surface reaction of Mn(III) with adsorbed PMS. While Cu‐Bir initiates an additional radical mechanism that involves reactive oxygen species of ⋅O2− and 1O2, and the k value of 5Cu‐Bir is 1.9 times higher than that of Bir. The Fenton‐like reaction mechanism of the Cu‐Bir/PMS system is thus proposed as a radical and non‐radical cooccurrence mechanism, which involves a synergistic effect that the radical pathway accelerates the regeneration of Mn(III) for the non‐radical pathway, and the non‐radical pathway assists to produce 1O2 for the radical pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spintronics, a new discipline focusing on the spin‐dependent transport process of electrons, has been developing rapidly. Spin valves are the most significant carriers of spintronics utilizing the spin freedom of electrons. It is expected to pierce "Moore's Law" and become the core component in processors of the next generation. Organic semiconductors advance in their adjustable band gap, weak spin‐orbit coupling and hyperfine interaction, excellent film‐forming property, having enormous promise for spin valves. Here, the principle of spin valves is introduced, and the history and progress in organic spin injection and transport materials are summarized. Then we analyze the influence of spinterface on device performance and introduce reliable methods of constructing organic spin valves. Finally, the challenges for spin valves are discussed, and the future is proposed. We aim to draw the attention of researchers to organic spin valves and promote further research in spintronics through this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polypropylene (PP) is among the most widely used commodity plastics in our everyday life due to its low cost, lightweight, easy processability, and exceptional chemical, thermo‐mechanical characteristics. The growing awareness on energy and environmental crisis has driven global efforts for creating a circular economy via developing sustainable and eco‐friendly alternatives to traditional plastics produced from fossil fuels for a variety of end‐use applications. This review paper presents a brief outline of the emerging bio‐based PP derived from renewable natural resources, covering its production routes, market analysis and potential utilizations. This contribution also provides a comprehensive review of the PP‐based biocomposites produced with diverse green fillers generated from agro‐industrial wastes, with particular emphasis on the structural modification, processing techniques, mechanical properties, and practical applications. Furthermore, given that the majority of PP products are currently destined for landfills, research progress on enhancing the degradation of PP and its biocomposites is also presented in light of the environmental concerns. Finally, a brief conclusion with discussions on challenges and future perspectives are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a safer, scalable and continuous process for synthesis of picramide. The process consists of two steps: step‐1. nitration of p‐nitroanisole (PNAN) to 2,4,6‐trinitrianisole (TNAN); step‐2. ammonolysis of TNAN to picramide. Both the steps were optimized in flow, with yield of 90% and 98% in step‐1 and step‐2 respectively. Picramide with HPLC purity greater than 99% was obtained. When compared with batch, in step‐1, flow process provided significant advantage in selectivity and yield. The optimized flow process was scaled to 25 g/hr production rate in a laboratory flow reactor. The method can be considered fit for the safe production of picramide at commercial scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports a computational study on the specific 1,4‐cis polymerization of butadiene catalyzed by the cationic gadolinium metallocene [(C5Me5)2Gd][B(C6F5)4] combined with excess amount of Al(iBu)3. Because this reaction system has no initial Gd–alkyl bond, a mechanism with conventional coordinative chain transfer polymerization (CCTP) is not feasible. Density functional theory (DFT) analyses indicate a novel mechanism in which the cationic Gd plays a crucial role by assisting butadiene insertion into one of the Al−C bond of Al(iBu)3. The proposed butadiene polymerization mechanism can account for the specific 1,4‐cis selectivity of this catalyst system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we report the design and synthesis of three naphthalene diimide‐ (NDI) and anthraquinone‐ (AQ) based organic chromophores derived from direct arylation reactions; NDI−AQ, AQ−NDI−AQ and NDI−AQ−NDI. Compared to classic cross‐coupling reactions, this method reduced the number of synthetic and purification steps. The chemical structures, photophysical and electrochemical properties of these molecules were characterized using UV‐vis spectroscopy, fluorescence emission spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The optoelectronic properties of the three dyes enabled the fabrication of organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). The fabricated OTFTs displayed good n‐type semiconducting properties, with electron mobilities (μe ${{\mu }_{e}}$) of 1.5–4.2×10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An indole‐indanedione‐based small molecule, compound 1Me, comprising an intramolecular C−H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen‐bond (H‐bond) and with an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) characteristic was prepared for the colorimetric and fluorometric detection of CN−. Compound 1Me is virtually nonfluorescent in solution but emits a strong yellow fluorescence in the solid state because of the intramolecular C−H⋅⋅⋅O H‐bond, which inhibits the free rotation of the exocyclic C−C single bond of 1Me. The nucleophilic addition of CN− to the β‐conjugated carbon of the indanedione group of 1Me, which breaks the intramolecular C−H⋅⋅⋅O H‐bond and blocks ICT, causes the colorimetric and fluorometric responses of 1Me to CN−. Furthermore, inexpensive and portable paper‐based test kits containing 1Me could be used to rapidly and conveniently sense CN− using the naked eye in real time. The results provide a new strategy for designing colorimetric and fluorometric cyanide‐selective sensors based on an intramolecular C−H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonded solid emitter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structural battery is a multifunctional energy storage device that aims to address the weight and volume efficiency issues that conventional batteries face, especially in electric transportation. By combining the functions of mechanical load bearing and energy storage, structural batteries can reduce the reliance on, or even eventually replace the main power source in an electric vehicle or a drone. However, one of the key challenges to be addressed before achieving multifunctionality in structural batteries would be the design of a suitable multifunctional structural battery electrolyte. The structural battery electrolyte is the constituent that provides mechanical integrity under flexural loads or impact and hence determines the electrochemical and much of the mechanical performance of a structural battery device. This concept paper aims to cover the key considerations and challenges facing the design of structural battery electrolytes. In addition, the main approaches to surmount these challenges are highlighted, keeping design aspects like sustainability and recyclability in view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Centre for Biomedical Technologies Current tissue engineering technology aims to achieve the regeneration of human tissues, which integrates the key factors such as scaffolds, cells and biomolecules. Among these key factors, the development of high‐performance scaffolds is the basis for the success of tissue engineering strategies. In the past decades, hydrogel scaffolds have been developed rapidly and widely used in biomedical field, however, their drawbacks have also been revealed, which shows that a single hydrogel scaffold cannot meet the excellent performance required in the field of tissue engineering. Recently, microspheres have been further engineered to fabricate structurally and functionally reliable artificial three‐dimensional scaffolds of desired shape with enhanced specific biological functions. Therefore, the effective combination of hydrogel and microspheres can facilitate the development of high‐performance scaffolds for tissue engineering and further fine‐tuning the composite structure, which is expected to solve the dilemma faced by a single scaffold. In this review paper, we systematically summurized the type and preparation method for synthesis of hydrogel and microsphere materials commonly used in developing microsphere‐containing hydrogel scaffolds. We then reviewed the broad application of these hybrid scaffolds in various fields of tissue engineering, followed by a summary and perspective on future directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ag‐based nanocrystals have emerged as an important candidate for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) owing to the increasing amount of CO2 in the atmosphere, which has shown a propensity to alleviate environmental problems and produce high value‐added chemicals. This paper reviews the surface and interface engineering of Ag‐based catalysts towards CO2RR, which involve in the morphology control, composition manipulation, and support effects. Various synthesis approaches are presented to discuss their influence on the size, crystal structure and morphology of Ag‐based catalysts, including pure Ag NPs, Ag‐based alloys, Ag/metal oxides composites as well as Ag/carbon materials. Next, the development of Ag‐based surface and interface engineering that is essential to accelerate the formation of CO and its further conversion to C1 or even multicarbon products is systematically discussed. Finally, we give a short conclusion, and perspectives on the rational design of Ag‐based catalysts based on surface and interface engineering will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]