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The colonial penetration in Morocco became a strategic objective of Spanish policy after 1900. One of the pitfalls of achieving that aim was the Spanish public opinion. Our hypothesis is that the different governments as well as a number of private organizations such as the Africanist League and Hispano-Moroccan Trade Centres intervened in the media to create a new colonial patriotism in public opinion. Through first-hand documentation, found in the General Archive of the Administration and the Central Archive of the Military Historical Service, some actions, which were intended to encourage a new discourse, (journalistic, literary, film, etc.), are reconstructed in support of colonialism. The controls that governments established over the press which is critical with the war are also studied (censorship, the use of reserved funds, etc.) The study concludes by pointing out the centrality of the colonial matter. It also establishes the combination of control and stimulus mechanisms towards the media that various governments provided to be sure that the public opinion could see their penetration in Morocco as “their civilizing mission". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan on 11 March 2011 unleashed an environmental, economic, political and humanitarian crisis whose effects are still felt today. This study analyses press coverage of the incident by three Spanish daily newspapers, Abc, El País and La Vanguardia, to determine the prevalent frames in the news articles on the disaster. Content analysis based on the stories published between March and May 2011 suggests that the most ubiquitous frames were human interest, economic consequences, political conflict, damage and environmental risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Around 1950 there was an intense debate about U.S. aid to Francoist Spain. American magazines such as Look and Life devoted attention to the Spanish issue, and used photo essays to visually argue their positions. This article seeks to examine how this controversy was created through these photo essays that appeared in American magazines, the reaction of the Spanish public, and the response to American critics by magazines such as Mundo Hispánico and Semana. These cases demonstrate how part of the debate was also an image campaign structured around photo essays published in said illustrated magazines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coverage of 2008 Spanish presidential elections was remarkably different among free dailies and the paid press. Content analysis of main Spanish newspapers (El País, El Mundo, ADN, Qué! and 20 minutos) reveals a varying degree of salience in the coverage of the political event, as well as the extent to which these papers were politicized. Additionally, news frames were analyzed. The results of this study come from the project "The model of the free press in Spain: development, contents, uses and gratifications perceived by the audience", funded by Ministry of Science and Innovation (SEJ2007-66380). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dialectics between the printed press and news agencies have become an interesting field of study not only for academics, but also for media practitioners. Though some of them flatly speak about newspapers being dependent on news agency reports, the truth is that little progress has been made in researching this phenomenon and the circumstances surrounding it. This article tries to shed some light on this issue by focusing on the empirical research of newspapers and news agency reports and studying the factors that shape this interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is based on a long-term content analysis study of news coverage of water issues in the Spanish press over a 45-year time-span from 1960 to 2004. It examines the way in which modern water-related concepts or topics have supplemented or replaced traditional ones. The findings show how different groups of stakeholders have contributed to moving the agenda of new topics forward and identifies new social actors in the coverage of water issues in the nationwide press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the press coverage of francoist legitimacy of the Spanish monarchy through the content analysis of the newspaper articles written on the subject during the transition to democracy. The journalistic treatment of the only source of legitimacy for king Juan Carlos when he was crowned has been taken as an example of general media treatment, which was based on a cooperation between press and monarchy with a view to achieving democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expressive is a quality related to the communicative effectiveness that we can cultivate in the radio constructing more attractive messages for the audience. For that reason, the objective of this work is to determine the expressive degree in the news programs of the Spanish broadcast, considering items like: the correct use and combination of the radio elements and the election of the informative sorts. The main conclusion of the study is that in the news programs all the expressive resources are not used to achieve the attention of these listeners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines female imagery in advertising. It mentions that framing theory in communication studies is often a beneficial instrument in clarifying the relationship between advertising and its use of female imagery. An analysis of the poor portrayal of women shows that advertising remains to be a crucial commercial medium. The article also discusses that academia has increased awareness in how women are portrayed by the media by introducing academic campaigns at the Instituto de Mujer in Spain.

The article examines the concept of commercial value and the right of publicity in the United States' legal system as well as in Spain. Since the invention of the camera and the use of photography in journalism, the idea of personal images has been a crucial form of communication. According to Spanish regulations, the commercial value of a person's image used in the press is also considered to be part of a person's right to privacy and identity. The article explores how the United States' regulation on using certain images for publicity could also be applied towards existing regulation in Spain.

The article explores the topic of journalism and journalistic strategies under authoritarian regimes. While the press has often enjoyed several liberties during dictatorships, these liberties were more often than not extremely limited. It examines the case of several newspapers, "Madrid" in Spain and "La Opinión" based in Argentina. Both publications publicly voiced their opposition to their respective dictators, Francisco Franco in Spain and Jorge Rafael Videla in Argentina. The article provides a comparative analysis of the two publications and their strategies.

The article presents an historical analysis of the social communication as a discipline at the university level. Reference is made to the mass media, such as the press, the radio, and the television, as part of the history of society. This evolution is also present in the education of journalists at the universities in Spain. Among the main centers of education are the Universidad Complutense, Universidad de San Pablo-CEU, and Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona; and neither of these centers, private or public, present a unified curriculum of studies.

The article discusses the role and effectiveness of the Spanish Ombudsman in mediation relating to the press in Spain. The author emphasizes the importance of any instrument that increases the participation of the public in the media, including the criticism of the media. The Ombudsman statute guarantees the autonomy of action and the independence of the Ombudsman. The characteristics of the Ombudsman include prestige, professionalism and recognized credibility within the press. The functions of the Ombudsman include defending the reader, quality control and increasing the credibility and prestige of the media.

The article presents an analysis of Spanish press after the designation of Don Juan Carlos as King, by Franco. Particular focus is given to the public opinion in the press at that time, and its influence in the political future of the country. Reference to the history of monarchy in Spain is made, and the tradition of the media to support it. In addition, the author refers to different laws that came to regulate the media, as oppose the the previews censorship. In this period, the press was known by its strong political positions.

The article presents an analysis of the challenges of wartime reporting, and the Spanish press during the First World War. Reference is made to the demands of the readers to receive more and extensive information during wartime; thus there is a significant development in the reporting activities. The author mentions the neutral position of the Spanish government regarding the conflict and the impact of its policies on the press. Several problems faced the press, such as the difficulty to find reliable sources, the limitations to the freedom of press imposed by the government to preserve their neutrality, and the economic consequences of the war which affected all sectors of the country.

The article presents an analysis of the role of the Army in suppressing the information dissemination in Franco's Spain. Reference is made to cases of prosecution and imprisonment of journalists in martial courts, when the information was inconvenient to the Army's interests. Other organs from the justice system such as the Law and Order Court, were also in charge to punish the author of certain opinions or pieces of information. In addition, with the reform of the Criminal Code, a new way of repression emerged, with the criminal responsibility for violations to article 2 of the Press Law.