1. The influence of omega-3 supplementation on vitamin D levels in humans: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- Author
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Bander Yayha Otayf, Osama Alomar, Almuhannad Ali Qadri, Hany Salem, Mihnea-Alexandru Găman, Hamed Kord-Varkaneh, Shing Cheng Tan, Ismail A. Al-Badawi, Habeeb Alhabeeb, and Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Gastroenterology ,Omega ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Humans ,Vitamin D ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,Vitamins ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,040401 food science ,Meta-analysis ,Dietary Supplements ,business ,Food Science - Abstract
Inconsistencies exist with regard to the influence of omega-3 supplementation on 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels, which could be attributed to many factors, such as the duration and dose of omega-3 supplementation, and individuals' baseline 25(OH)D levels. Therefore, to address the inconsistencies, we conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to accurately determine the effect of omega-3 supplementation on 25(OH)D levels in humans.We performed a comprehensive literature search in Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases from inception up to January 2020. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We used weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess the influence of omega-3 supplementation on serum 25(OH)D levels using the random-effects model.Our pooled results of 10 RCTs demonstrated an overall significant increase in 25(OH)D levels following omega-3 intake (WMD = 3.77 ng/ml, 95% CI: 1.29, 6.25). In addition, 25(OH)D levels were significantly increased when the intervention duration lasted8 weeks and when the baseline serum 25(OH)D level was ˂20 ng/ml. Moreover, omega-3 intake ≤1000 mg/day resulted in higher 25(OH)D levels compared to omega-3 intake1000 mg/day.In conclusion, omega-3 supplementation increased 25(OH)D concentrations, particularly with dosages ≤1000 mg/day and intervention durations8 weeks.
- Published
- 2020