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As a result of the deepening of China's power system reform, the market-oriented business development of power grid enterprises is in full swing. However, most of the existing research has focused on the regulatory risks of the regulatory business for power grid enterprises, while ignoring the regulatory risks faced by market-oriented businesses. In order to promote the sustainable development of market-oriented business, a comprehensive regulatory risk assessment framework was constructed for the market business of power grid enterprises. First, the risk assessment index system was constructed from the perspectives of policy risk, business isolation risk, market risk, and safety risk. Then, a novel hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model based on the Bayesian best-worst method and the measurement alternatives and ranking according to the compromise solution approach, was adopted. Finally, eight market-oriented businesses were selected as case studies. The result indicates that organizational isolation risk and operational security risk are the key regulatory risks of the market-oriented business for power grid enterprises. Compared with two other MCDM models, the proposed hybrid MCDM model has good applicability and effectiveness for risk evaluation of the regulatory business. The results of this research can provide support for power enterprises to deal with market-oriented business supervision, and can also provide a reference for power industry regulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Power grid investment behavior (PGIB) is a necessary prerequisite to ensure safe and reliable power supply. The supervision of PGIB is an important measure to reduce electricity price. It helps to release the dividends of the new power system reform and promote the sustainable development of the power industry. However, for a long time, China's regulation of PGIB was relatively weak, lacking clear supervision awareness and effective supervision methods. On the basis of clarifying the contents of PGIB supervision, this paper establishes an evaluation index system for the compliance of PGIB from the government supervision perspective, involving four dimensions and 14 secondary indicators. Furthermore, a hybrid evaluation model based on the combined decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method (DEMATEL-ANP), analytical network process method, and vague set is proposed. The results reveal that the control over cost and efficiency of the PGIB in China is not enough. According to the results, this paper puts forward the indicators that close attention should be paid to and the work priorities in China's supervision of PGIB, which has certain practical value for the implementation of new power system reform and the sustainable development of Chinese power industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inter-provincial power transmission in China solved the problem of electricity production and consumption spatial mismatch, which also facilitated Chinese green energy transition and sustainable development. Aiming to understand the spatial patterns and main driving factors, this paper accounted the aggregate carbon intensity per electricity produced by each province, built the inter-provincial Out–Destination matrixes of carbon emission embodied in power transmission among 27 provincial areas of 2006 and 2019, and quantitatively analyzed the change in spatial patterns of carbon flow and carbon intensity difference between power inward and outward provinces. We found that the inter-provincial power transmission has led to the reduction in the national average carbon intensity per electricity produced from 0.855 kg/kWh in 2006 to 0.628 kg/kWh in 2019 and the green energy transition of all provinces. The spatial morphology characteristics of carbon flow show the 'three corridors of West-East Power Transmission (WEPT)' pattern, in which power is transmitted from some main thermal power-dominated provinces in central and north-west China to the eastern coastal provinces. Further, it resulted in the carbon leakage from electricity consumption of the coastal provinces and carbon overload of the hinterland provinces. Despite natural resource endowment, the location of the provinces in the national power grid, the national low-carbon energy transition strategy, as well as advances in long-distance ultra-high-voltage power transmission technologies were the main factors to the formation and evolution of Chinese electricity green transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to satisfy the strategic needs of energy sustainable development, renewable energy has developed rapidly and the power systems have been transformed to a new generation of power systems. In the renewable energy power generation technologies, the fastest developing wind power generation are highly intermittent and fluctuating. When high penetration of renewable power connects to the power grid and participates in the system dispatch, there will be more difficulties and challenges in the energy balance control. In this paper, a wind-thermal-nuclear-storage combined time division power dispatch strategy based on numerical characteristics of net load is proposed, where a specific thermal generating mode and an unconventional nuclear generating mode are discussed. In the strategy, the dispatch time division method is introduced in detail and the sample entropy theory is used to calculate the net load complexity. An adaptive thermal generating mode is determined according to the numerical characteristics of the net load. The nuclear generating modes of constant power operation, time division operation, and net load tracking time division operation are compared and analyzed, respectively. Finally, the wind-thermal-nuclear-storage combined time division power dispatch strategy aiming at decreasing the ramping power of thermal generators is achieved, and the increasing of the participation of pumped storage and improving of the continuous and steady operation time of thermal generators are realized. The experiment simulation is developed on an actual provincial power system in the northeast of China. The results verify that the thermal generator ramping power in the case based on SampEn are reduced, and the participation of pumped storage is improved. When both of the thermal generating mode and nuclear generating mode are according to the changing of net loads, the ramping powers of thermal generators are further decreased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]