Search

Fermented soybean curds (FSC) are popular because of its umami taste. Its bioactivities are of interest. Peptides in FSC were identified using nano-HPLC-MS/MS, and 11 candidate peptides showing potential umami and ACE inhibitory activities were screened using various databases. Pharmacophore model analysis showed their high probability of ACE inhibition with fit values >2, which showed the peptides bound to umami receptors and ACE mainly through hydrogen bond, and electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Additionally, their docking and interaction energy were independent of the peptide length. Three high umami-ACE inhibitory peptides (VE, FEF, and WEEF) were synthesized. Their umami thresholds were WEEF (0.32 mM) < FEF (0.55 mM) < VE (1.10 mM), while their IC 50 were WEEF (85 ± 2 μM) < FEF (170 ± 10 μM) < VE (205 ± 5 μM). NO and ET-1 production were dose-dependent with WEEF showing the best ACE inhibitory activity. The results allowed identification of effective umami agents and ACE inhibitory peptides from fermented soybean products. It could also be useful method for screening potential umami-ACE inhibitory peptides. [Display omitted] • 11 umami-ACE inhibitory peptide candidates were screened from FSC. • Dipeptides mainly activated the T1R1 sites. • Tripeptides and tetrapeptides activated the T1R3 sites. • WEEF (Trp-Glu-Glu-Phe) was an effective umami agent and ACE inhibitor from FSC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Kefir milk is a probiotic beverage and its consumptions has several benefits. • Kefir treatment reduced the blood pressure in hypertensive animals. • Proteomic studies identified 35 potential ACE inhibitor peptides in this beverage. Abstract Kefir, a probiotic beverage prepared from fermented milk, has been associated with antihypertensive activity. However, the bioactive molecules responsible for this activity still remain unclear. Therefore, in this study we aim to evaluate the mechanisms of the antihypertensive effects of Kefir in the two-kidney one-clip hypertension model, and to bioprospect for bioactive peptides identified by proteomic methodologies. Treatment with Kefir was performed via gavage, and resulted in a 37 mmHg reduction in systolic arterial pressure and 19% inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity. For the proteopeptidomic study, the protein extract of Kefir beverage and non-fermented bovine milk were analysed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and their tryptic digestion products sequenced via Shotgun proteomics (Q-Exactive mass spectrometer). A list of 35 peptides with potential hypertensive activity due to ACE inhibition were identified. These results demonstrate the benefits of Kefir products, and may guide the design of new antihypertensive drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Protein language model ESM-2 exhibited superiority over 12 popular peptide embedding methods. • The confident learning theory was first introduced to clean real-world biological data. • An ACE inhibitory peptide classifier, pLM4ACE, was developed with experimental data. • A user-friendly web server was built for practical usage of the advanced model. Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) regulates the renin-angiotensin system and is a drug target in clinical treatment for hypertension. This study aims to develop a protein language model (pLM) with evolutionary scale modeling (ESM-2) embeddings that is trained on experimental data to screen peptides with strong ACE inhibitory activity. Twelve conventional peptide embedding approaches and five machine learning (ML) modeling methods were also tested for performance comparison. Among the 65 classifiers tested, logistic regression with ESM-2 embeddings showed the best performance, with balanced accuracy (BACC), Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), and area under the curve of 0.883 ± 0.017, 0.77 ± 0.032, and 0.96 ± 0.009, respectively. Multilayer perceptron and support vector machine also exhibited great compatibility with ESM-2 embeddings. The ESM-2 embeddings showed superior performance in enhancing the prediction model compared to the 12 traditional embedding methods. A user-friendly webserver (https://sqzujiduce.us-east-1.awsapprunner.com) with the top three models is now freely available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate antihypertensive effect of bioactive peptides from skate ( Okamejei kenojei ) skin gelatin. The Alcalase/protease gelatin hydrolysate below 1 kDa (SAP) exhibited the highest angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition compared to other hydrolysates. SAP can decrease systolic blood pressure significantly in spontaneously hypertensive rats. SAP inhibited vasoconstriction via PPAR-γ expression, activation and phosphorylation of eNOS in lungs. Moreover, the expression levels of endothelin-1, RhoA, α-smooth muscle actin, cleaved caspase 3 and MAPK were decreased by SAP in lungs. Vascularity, muscularization and cellular proliferation in lungs were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Finally, two purified peptides (LGPLGHQ, 720 Da and MVGSAPGVL, 829 Da) showed potent ACE inhibition with IC 50 values of 4.22 and 3.09 μM, respectively. These results indicate that bioactive peptides isolated from skate skin gelatin may serve as candidates against hypertension and could be used as functional food ingredients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The influence of polymerisation (number of subunits), galloylation (content of esterified gallates) and type of subunit in the polymeric chain of proanthocyanidins (PAs) in skin and seed extracts of Vitis vinífera L. cv. País on the inhibition of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) was evaluated. Gel permeation chromatography was used to purify the extracts, which were characterised by acid-catalysis depolymerisation followed by HPLC. ACE activity was tested by quantitative HPLC, measuring the hippuric acid (HA) produced from hippuryl-l-histidyl-l-leucine (HHL) hydrolysis by ACE. The inhibitory activity on ACE was verified for all the obtained fractions, although the PAs’ molecular size and structural composition affected the ACE inhibition. The higher inhibitory power of skin extract was associated with greater –OH availability, higher mean degree of polymerisation (mDP) and the presence of epicatechin-gallate (ECG) expressed as percentage of galloylation (%G). However, comparing only the structural composition (for samples with similar mDP), % epicatechin (EC) and ECG, <3 %G appeared to be the most important characteristic when considering inhibitory effect of both tissues. Thus, these results indicate that the ACE inhibition by grape PAs depend on the stereochemical configuration of the studied flavanols. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: We hypothesised that mulberry leaves (ML) exert their antihypertensive effect through γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and that the antihypertensive activity of ML extract would be comparable to GABA alone in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). We found that single administration of a water extract from leaves of Morus alba L. (WEML) lowered systolic blood pressure (SBP) transiently in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, the SBP-lowering effect of WEML was significantly higher than after treatment with GABA alone. We further found that WEML strongly inhibited angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in vitro with an IC50 value of 29.8mg/ml. These results suggest that WEML has a transient antihypertensive effect in vivo that may involve a mechanism of ACE inhibition in addition to GABA. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Gelatin extracted from squid (Dosidicus eschrichitii Steenstrup) skin was hydrolysed with pepsin to prepare Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide. The ACE-inhibitory activity was measured by spectrophotometric assay. The hydrolysate was fractionated into three ranges of molecular weight (6kDa

Abstract: The aim of this study was to produce corn peptides (CP) with potent angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activity and to investigate antihypertensive effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Results showed that the hydrolysate yield and quality were stable during continuous CP production using an enzymatic membrane reactor (EMR). The hydrolysate was then filtered through a 3kDa cut-off membrane and the IC50 value of permeate was decreased fourfold (IC50 =0.29mg protein/ml). Gastric-intubation CP (M w <3kDa) at a dose of 100mg/kgbw revealed the best antihypertensive effects in both acute and long-term animal studies using SHRs’ models, the reductions in maximal systolic blood pressure (SBP) were 26.57mmHg and 34.45mmHg, respectively. Long-term antihypertensive effect of CP administration at a dose of 100mg/kgbw was comparable to Captopril at 2mg/kgbw dose. The CP significantly inhibited the ACE activities in SHRs’ lungs and testes (p <0.01∼ p <0.05) suggesting that these were CP’s target sites. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This study describes the characterisation of a new angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide from the fruiting body of Pleurotus cornucopiae which could be used as a functional food or nutraceutical compounds. After purification of the ACE inhibitor in an ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-25 column chromatography, successively C18 and SCX solid-phase extraction and reverse-phase HPLC, two types of the purified ACE inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.46 and 1.14mg/ml were obtained. The two purified ACE inhibitors were analysed, showing two types of oligopeptides. The amino acid sequences of the two purified oligopeptides were found to be RLPSEFDLSAFLRA and RLSGQTIEVTSEYLFRH. The molecular mass of the purified ACE inhibitors was estimated to be 1622.85 and 2037.26Da, respectively. Water extracts of P. cornucopiae fruiting body showed a clear antihypertensive effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats at a dosage of 600mg/kg. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] • First systematic review on camel milk derived peptides (CM-BAPs) bioactivity based on 46 research articles. • CM-BAPs have shown significant α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPP-IV inhibition activities. • Vital anti-hypertensive potential of CM-BAPs has been reported through ACE-I inhibition. • Antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, antibacterial and anticancerous CM-BAPs sequences have been summarised. • More in-vivo evidence is required to evaluate the pharmacological potentials of CM-BAPs. The generation of camel milk derived bioactive peptides (CM-BAPs) have started to grab keen interest of many researchers during the past decade. CM-BAPs have shown more significant bioactive properties in comparison to camel milk intact proteins. CM-BAPs can be obtained using enzyme hydrolysis to form hydrolysates, or by the fermentation process. In this systematic review, 46 research articles exploring the health-related bioactive properties of CM-BAPs through in-vitro and in-vivo studies have been included. CM-BAPs have been reported for their antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, antihypertensive, antibacterial, antibiofilm, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-haemolytic, and anti-hyperpigmentation activities. The effects of factors such as molecular weight of peptides, type of enzyme, enzyme to substrate ratio, hydrolysis temperature and duration have been analysed. The in-vitro studies have provided enough evidence on certain aspects of the pharmacological actives of camel milk bioactive peptides. Nevertheless, the in-vivo studies are very limited, and no clinical studies on CM-BAPs have been reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]