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An efficient and generally applicable protocol for the palladacycle-catalyzed arylation of diisopropyl H-phosphonate in water was developed. The remarkable features of this C–P bond-forming reaction include wide substrate scope including the inactive electron-rich and electron-neutral aryl chlorides, the weak inorganic base KF instead of strong bases such as KOtBu or NaOtBu for the activation of C–Cl bond, and the addition of isopropanol to avoid the decomposition of diisopropyl H-phosphonate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pH-controlled monophasic/biphasic switchable system has been developed as a green and novel strategy for homogeneous catalyst recycling, which has been successfully applied to the Cu-NHC-catalyzed carboxylation of organoboronic esters and benzoxazole with carbon dioxide. Additionally, the present strategy could also be extended to the Ag-NHC-catalyzed carboxylation of terminal alkyne. The tertiary amine-functionalized catalysts could be used for at least four times with a slight loss of activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]