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A new carboline alkaloid, Trifiline D (1) and a new degraded diterpenoid, Trigoxyphin X (4) were isolated from the roots and stems of Trigonostemonlii. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses including 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques. Compound 1 exhibited weak inhibitory activity against MCF-7, A-549, MGC-803, and COLO-205 with IC50 values ranging from 27.4 to 35.4 mu M.

Four new indole alkaloids, trigonoliimines D-G (1-4, resp.), were isolated from Trigonostemon lii. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments.

Four new oleanane saponins, lobelioidosides A–D (1–4, resp.), all endowed with 16-oxo and a 23-OH group, as well as with a 13,28-epoxy bridge as a common moiety, have been isolated from the 75% EtOH extract of the whole plant of Lysimachia lobelioides. Their structures were elucidated on the bases of MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC, and 1H,1H-COSY data analysis.

Two new diterpeniods, euphebracteolatins A and B (1 and 2, resp.) were isolated from Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata, along with two known ones (3R)-ent-rosa-1(10),15-dien-3α-ol (3) and yuexiandajisu D (4). The structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses and comparison with literature data.

Three new hasubanan alkaloids, hernsubanines A–C (1–3, resp.), were isolated from the whole plants of Stephania hernandifolia. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physical and spectroscopic data. In in vitro tests for cytotoxic activity against two human cancer cell lines, A 549 and K 562, compound 1 did not exhibit any cytotoxicity.

A new alkaloid, sinoraculine, the precursor of the novel alkaloid sinoracutine, was isolated from the leaves and stems of Stephania cepharantha, and its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic analyses.

Daphangustifolines A and B (1 and 2), two new Daphniphyllum alkaloids were isolated from the whole plant of Daphniphyllum angustifolium HUTCH. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data. Their cytotoxicity against HL-60, MCF-7, and A549 cell lines was also evaluated.

Three new Daphniphyllum alkaloids, daphlongeranines C - E (1 - 3), along with 13 known ones, were isolated from the fruits of Daphniphyllum longeracemosum. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, especially 2D-NMR experiments.

A phytochemical investigation of Toona ciliata var. ciliata afforded three new polyynes, 1 - 3. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods. Only compound 3 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against the HL-60 cell line with an IC(50) value of 6.7 +/- 0.27 mu M.

One new anthraquinone glycoside. 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1 -> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)emodin (1). and two new sesquilignans. seslignanoccidentaliols A (2) and B (3), were isolated from the whole plant of Cassia occidentalis. The structures of the new compounds were established by means of spectroscopic methods, especially 2D-NMR data ((1)H.(1)H-COSY. HMQC, HMBC. and ROESY). as well as HR-ESI-MS analysis. One previously reported sesquilignan. crythro-guaiacylglycerol-beta-O-4'-(5')-methoxylariciresinol, was revised to be seslignanoccidentaliol A (2). The 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 -> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)emodin (1) exhibited moderate anti HIV-1 activity with an EC(50) value of 2.90 mu g/ml and a therapeutic-index (TI) value of 260.

Three new pregnane glycosides, tinctorosides A-C (1-3, resp.), together with one known pregnane glycoside, stephanoside B (4), were isolated from the stems of Marsdenia tinctoria R. BR. (Asclepiadaceae). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectral methods, especially 2D-NMR experiments ((1)H,(1)H-COSY, HSQC, HM BC, TOCSY, HSQC-TOCSY, and ROESY), and chemical evidence.

Two new diterpenoid alkaloids, racemulosines A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum racemulosumFranch. The structures of the new alkaloids were elucidated by analysis of physical and spectroscopic data, and the structure of 1 was further confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, compound 1, at 2.25⋅10−4 mol/l, showed moderate activity against platelet aggregation induced by PAF (platelet-activation factor).

Two new diterpenoid alkaloids, spiramilactams A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the basic fraction of a MeOH extract of whole plants of Spiraea japonica var. ovalifolia. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic and mass-spectrometric analyses.

Four new Daphniphyllum alkaloids. daphlongamines E-H (1-4, resp.), along with 19 known alkaloids, were isolated front the leaves of Daphniphyllum longeracemosum. Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic methods, especially 2D-NMR techniques. It is noteworthy that aconitine- and veatchine-type diterpenoid alkaloids were also isolated from this species.

Anthocephalusine A (1) and 3 beta-isodihydrocadambine 4-oxide (2) were isolated from the leaves of Anthocephalus chinensis (Rubiaceac), together with five known compounds. The structures were established by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR analyses.

Nine Daphniphyllum alkaloids, including three new ones, paxiphyllines C-E (1-3, resp.), were isolated from the twigs and the leaves of Daphniphyllum paxianum. Paxiphylline C (1) represents the first example of Daphniphyllum alkaloids with a carbonyldioxy group. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data.

Three new pentacyclic steroids, taccalonolides W-Y (2-4, resp.), have been isolated from the whole plants of Tacca plantaginea. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments.

Eight C-30 Daphniphyllum alkaloids, including two new ones, yunnandaphninines F and G (1 and 2, resp.), were isolated from the leaves and stems of Daphniphyllum yunnanense. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic data.

Two new yuzurine alkaloids, daphnoldines A (1) and B (2), possessing a rare four-ring system, were isolated from the fruits of Daphniphyllum oldhami. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. Daphnoldine A (1) is the first example of Daphniphyllum alkaloids bearing a hydroxymethyl group at C(14).

Four new podocarpane-type trinorditerpenenes, (5 beta,10 alpha)-12,13-dihydroxypodocarpa-8,11,13-trien-3-one (1), (5 beta,10 alpha)-12-hydroxy-13-methoxypodocarpa-8,11,13-trien-3-one (2), (5 beta,10 alpha)-13-hydroxy-12-methoxypodocarpa-8,11,13-trien-3-one (3), and (3 alpha,5 beta,10 alpha)-13-methoxypodocarpa-8,11,13-triene-3,12-diol (4), together with four known diterpenes, 12-hydroxy-13-methylpodocarpa-8,11,13-trien-3-one (5), spruceanol (6), ent-3 alpha-hydroxypimara-8(14),15-dien-12-one (7), and ent-3 beta,14 alpha-hydroxypimara-7,9(11),15-triene-12-one (8), were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Aleurites moluccana. Their structures were elucidated by means of comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, including NMR and MS. Except 8, all compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity; compound 4 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against Raji cells with an IC50 value of 4.24 mu g/ml.

A novel ent-atisane lactone, spiramilactone E (1), was isolated from Spiraea japonica var. acutaYU. Its structure was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, and unequivocally confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (Fig. 2). Compound 1 contains a gamma-lactone moiety between the 6-OH function and C(20), and beta-configuration for the 7-OH group, in contrast to known related diterpenes previously isolated from the S. japonica complex.

Two new iridoid alkaloids, daphmacropodosidines A (1) and B (2), together with two known ones, daphcalycinosidine B and caldaphnidine F, were isolated from the fruits of Daphniphyllum maropodum. Their structures were established by spectral methods, especially 2D NMR spectra (H-1,H-1-COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY), as well as chemical means.

Two new tetranortriterpenoids, cipadesin D (1) and E (2), were isolated from the stems of Cipadessa cinerascens. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data.

In continuation of a systematic investigation into the chemotaxonomic and bioactive components of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and sesquiterpenoids of Ligularia plants, two new, highly oxygenated, rare bisabolene sesquiterpenes, compounds 1 and 2, were isolated from the roots of Ligularia lankongensis. Their structures and relative configurations were elucidated by means of 1D- and 2D-NMR as well as MS analyses.

A novel bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoid lactone, glochicoccin A (1), and three new norbisabolane sesquiterpenoids, glochicoccins B-D (2-4), together with two known norbisabolane sesquiterpenoids, phyllaemblic acid (5) and phyllaemblic acid methyl ester (6), were isolated from the rhizomes of Glochidion coccineum. Their structures were elucidated by different spectroscopic (IR, UV, NMR) and mass-spectrometric (MS) techniques. The structure and relative configuration of I was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (Fig. 2). None of the compounds were found to exhibit cytotoxic or antioxidant activities.

A new dimeric coumarin, diseselin B (1), and three new phenylpropanoids, lenisin A-C (2-4), together with eight known O-terpenoidal coumarins, were isolated from the aerial part of Clausena lenis. Lenisin A (2) was also isolated from the aerial part of C. excavata. The structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments (HMQC, HMBC, and H-1,H-1-COSY).

Two new pentacyclic alkaloids, daphnilongertone (1) and 11-hydroxydaphnigracine (2), together with the known congener dehydrodaphnigracine (3), were isolated from the fruits of Daphniphyllum longeracemosum. Their structures were elucidated spectroscopically. Compound 3 was isolated for the first time as a natural product.

Three new indole alkaloids, 10-methoxy-16-de(methoxycarbonyl)pagicerine (1), (5 beta)-17-O-deacetyl-5,11-dimethoxyakuammiline (2), and ((16S, 19E)-N-1-(hydroxymethyl)isositsirikine (3) were isolated from the roots of Razivolfia yunnanensis, together with seven known alkaloids. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by in-depth spectroscopic and mass-spectrometric analyses.

Two new diterpenoids, pedunculatic acid A (=(4R,5 alpha,7 alpha)-7-ethoxy-9 beta,13 beta-dioxyabiet-8(14)-en-18-oic acid: 1) and pedunculatic acid B (=(4S,5 alpha,12 beta)-8 beta,14 beta-epoxy-12-hydroxy-11-oxototaran-19-oic acid: 2). together with three known sesquiterpenoids, were isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Callicarpa pedunculata R. BROWN. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, including 1 D-and 2D-NMR, and by high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Three new indole alkaloids, 11,12-de(methylenedioxy)danuphylline (1), methyl (2 beta,11 beta,12 beta,19 alpha)-6,7-didehydro-8,21-dioxo-11,21-cycloaspidospermidine-2-carboxylate (2), and (2 beta,5 beta)-aspidofractinin-16-ol (3) were isolated from Kopsia officinalis, together with 16 known compounds. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. The isolated known compound (-)-12-methoxykopsinaline displayed antimanic effects in Drosophila, with an IC50 value of 12.5 mu g/ml.

A new lignan, 5-hydroxyjusticidin A (= 9-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-hydroxy-4,6,7-trimethoxynaphtho[2,3-c]furan-1(3H)-one; 1), and four new diphyllin-type lignan glycosides, mananthosides C-F (2-5), containing glucosyl (Glc), arabinosyl (Ara), galactosyl (Gal), and/or apiosyl residues, have been isolated from Mananthes patentiflora, together with five known compounds. Their structures and configurations were elucidated by in-depth 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments, as well as MS analysis.

Two new dolabellane diterpenoids, (1R,3R,7E,11S,12R)-dolabelia-4(16),7-diene-3,18-diol (1) and (1R,3E,7R,11S,12R)-dolabella-3,8(17)-diene-7,18-diol (2), and the known (1R,3E,7E,11S.12R)-dolabella-3.7dien-18-ol (3) were isolated from Aglaia odorata, along with twelve other known compounds. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. This is the first time that dolabellane-type diterpenoids were detected in higher plants.

Five ent-atisane diterpenoids, including three new ones, i.e., (16 alpha)-17-hydroxy-ent-atisan-19-oic acid methyl ester (1), (16 alpha)-17-dihydroxy-ent-atisan-19-oic acid methyl ester (2), (16a)-ent-atisan-16,17,19-triol (3), and two known compounds, i.e., 17-hydroxy-ent-atisan-19-oic acid (4), (16 alpha)-16,17-dihydroxy-ent-atisan-19-al (5), together with one known diterpene glycoside, i.e., sumogaside, two known triterpenes, i.e., germanicone and (3 beta)-beta-amyrin, three known phenolic compounds, i.e., (+)-gallocatechin, (+)-catechin, and gallic acid, and two known sterols, i.e., beta-sitosterol and daucosterol, were isolated from the callus cultures of Trewia nudiflora. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments. No maytansinoids were isolated or detected by LC-ESI-MS in the extracts of the calli, which suggests that the callus cultures can not produce maytansinoids under these conditions.

Three new akuamillan-type indole alkaloids, i.e., 5-methoxystrictamine (=methyl (5 beta,16R,19E)-5-methoxyakuammilan-17-oate; 1), methyl (16R,19E)-1,2-dihydro-16-(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxoakuammilan-17-oate (2), and methyl (2 beta 16R,19E)-4,5-didehydro-1,2-dihydro-2-hydroxy-16-(hydroxymethyl)akuammilan-4-ium-17-oate chloride (3), have been isolated from the leaves of Alstonia scholaris, together with ten known compounds. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means. None of the constituents showed significant cytotoxic activity towards WT cells.

A new cyclopeptide, clausenain I (1), has been isolated by a multi-step chromatography procedure from Clausena anisum-olens. Its structure was elucidated as cyclo (-Gly(1)-Ile(2)-Ile(3)-Val(4)-Leu(5)-Ile(6)-Ile(7)-Leu(8)-Leu(9)-) by extensive 2D-NMR spectroscopic methods and chemical evidence. It is the first time that a natural cyclic peptide has been isolated from the genus Clausena.

Three new ent-atisane diterpenes, i.e., 17-hydroxy-ent-atisan-19-oic acid (1), 17-hydroxy-ent-atisan-19-oic acid methyl ester (2), and 16alpha,17-dihydroxy-ent-atisan-19-al (3), together with five known phenolic compounds, Le., gallic acid, ethyl gallate, protocatechuic acid, 3,4,4'-tri-O-methylellagic acid, and a-tocopherol, and two other known compounds, i.e., trans-cinnamic acid and taraxerone, were isolated from the pericarp of Trewia nudiflora collected in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including 1D- and 2D-NMR. Trace amounts of maytansinoids were isolated by antifungal-activity-guided fractionation and determined by LC-ESI-MS analysis; they were prominent antifungal constituents in the pericarp of Trewia nudiflora.

The new dinorditerpene 14,15-dinorclerod-3-ene-2,13-dione (2), the eight new clerodane diterpenes 4. 5. 7-10, 13, and 14, and the new furoquinoline alkaloid 15, besides thirty known compounds, were isolated from the aerial part of Clausena dunniana collected in Xishuangbanna, the south of China. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including 1D- and 2D-NMR.

Five new tetranortriterpenoids, (11beta)-21,23-dihydro-11,21-dihydroxy-23-oxoobacunone (=21,23-dihydro-21-hydroxy-231-oxozapoterin: 2), (11beta)-21,23-dihydro-11,23-dihydroxy-21-oxoobacunone (=21,23-dihydro-23-hydroxy-21-oxozapoterin; 3), (1alpha,11beta)-1,2,21,23-tetrahydro-1,11,23-trihydroxy-21-oxoobacunone (=21,23-dihydro-23-hydroxy-21-oxoclausenarin; 4), (1alpha,11beta)-23-ethoxy-1,2,21,23-tetrahydro-1,11-dihydroxy-21-oxoobacunone (=23-ethoxy-21,23-dihydro-21-oxoclausenarin; 5); (11beta)-1,2,21,23-tetrahydro-11,23-dihydroxy-21-oxoobacunoic acid; 6), were isolated from the aerial part of Clausena excavata BURM. F. (Rutaceae). All compounds possessed 3,4-seco skeletons. Their structures were established by spectroscopic studies. Tetranortriterpenoids with a 4-hydroxybut-2-eno-4-lactone moietv are rarely found in the genus Clausena.

The isolation and structure elucidation of a novel alkaloid, namely of the 14-O-ethyl-substituted (3 alpha,14 alpha,16 alpha)-2,7-secoeburnamine derivative 1 from the leaf of Melodinus henryi is reported. Ten known alkaloids were also isolated. Their structures were determined spectroscopically. The isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxicity.

Psychotriasine was isolated from the leaves of Psychotria calocarpa (Rubiaceae) The structure was established by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR analysis To the best of our knowledge, psychotriasine is the first example of a dimeric tryptamine-related alkaloid that contains a free N(alpha)-methyliryptamine unit in the molecule