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To ensure the safety of trypanocidal molecules of thiosemicarbazones hemi-synthesized in essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus , toxicology studies were conducted. These studies which were performed on rats “Wistar” had focused on our most active molecules: citral thiosemicarbazone, citral semicarbazone, citral 4-phenylthiosemicarbazone and the starting substrate which was the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus . From these studies, it appears that citral semicarbazone, citral 4-phenylthiosemicarbazone and essential oil were no toxic as LD 50 > 2000 mg/kg. Citral thiosemicarbazone was slightly more toxic with a LD 50 = 315 mg/kg. The study of biochemical parameters revealed that the use of a high dose of the compounds may affect kidney function. A strong dose of essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus could affect liver function. It appears that the citral 4-phenylthiosemicarbazone is a very promising compound because it had an excellent antitrypanosomal activity and had very low toxicity (IC 50 = 1.96 μM; LD 50 > 2000 mg/kg). © 2019 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Trypanocidal thiosemicarbazones, toxicology, essential oil, Cymbopogon citratus , biochemical parameters

Dans cet article, les 3 organes de C. sieberiana recoltee au Togo ont fait l’objet d’une etude comparative pour la determination de leur composition phytochimique, teneur en phenols et flavonoides totaux, et activites antioxydantes. Le tri phytochimique a ete realise grâce aux reactions de colorimetrie et precipitation. La teneur en phenols totaux a ete determinee grâce au reactif du Folin-Ciocalteu et celle des flavonoides par AlCl 3 . L’activite antioxydante a ete evaluee par les methodes de DPPH et FRAP. Les resultats obtenus ont montre que les 3 organes de la plante contiennent des grands groupes chimiques, tels que les flavonoides, tanins et saponosides. Les teneurs en phenols totaux des extraits ethanoliques sont (en mg EAG/g) de 276,62 ± 26,120 (feuilles) ; 345,04 ± 3,160 (ecorces) ; 327,16 ± 3,990 (racines). Celles des flavonoides totaux sont (en mg EQ/g) de 34,134 ± 4,324 (feuilles) ; 36,430 ± 2,022 (ecorces) et 37,270 ± 2,216 (racines). Les extraits ethanoliques des 3 organes ont un pouvoir antioxydant appreciable. En conclusion, les resultats obtenus revelent que les racines et ecorces ont des activites antioxydantes semblables, toutefois ne permettent pas a ce stade de la recherche de preciser l’organe approprie pouvant remplacer les racines. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots cles: Cassia sieberiana ; composition phytochimique activite antioxydante ; phenols totaux English Title: Comparative antioxidant potential study of different part of Cassia sieberiana English Abstract In this article, the 3 organs of C. sieberiana harvested in Togo were the subject of a comparative study for the determination of their phytochemical composition, content of total phenols and flavonoids, and antioxidant activities. Phytochemical composition was carried out by colorimetric and precipitation reactions. The total phenol content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and total flavonoids by AlCl 3 . Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP methods. The results obtained showed that the 3 organs of the plant contain large chemical groups, such as flavonoids, tannins and saponosides. The total phenol contents of the ethanolic extracts are (in mg EAG / g) of 276.62 ± 26.120 (leaves); 345.04 ± 3.160 (barks); 327.16 ± 3.990 (roots). Those of the total flavonoids are (in mg Eq / g) 34,134 ± 4,324 (leaves); 36,430 ± 2,022 (barks) and 37,270 ± 2,216 (roots). The ethanolic extracts of the 3 organs have an appreciable antioxidant power. In conclusion, the results obtained reveal that the roots and barks have similar antioxidant activities, however do not allow at this stage of research to specify the appropriate organ that can replace the roots. © 2017 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Cassia sieberiana ; phytochemical composition; antioxidant activity; total phenols

The leaves of Spondias mombin Linn (Anacardiaceae) are used by traditional healers in some parts of Africa to treat dystocia and postpartum hemorrhage. All experiments are performed on albino wistar mature and immature rats. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Spondias mombin Linn on rat parturition in order to determine its action on labor time, uterus and sex steroids organs weight and coagulation time. Hydro-ethanolic extract of Spondias mombin leaves were given daily by oral route to female rats from 19 th day of pregnancy, at doses of 100; 250 and 500 mg/kg. The dose 250 mg/kg reduced significantly (P < 0,05) labor time. To explore estrogenic activity of the extract, the dose of 250 mg/kg, given daily by oral route to immature female rats for 7 days, induced vaginal opening and the increase in uterus and ovarian weight. The extract at 100 mg/ml was reduced the coagulation time. These results suggest that the leaves hydro-ethanolic extract of S. mombin contain one or more principles which reduced labor time, induced vaginal opening, increased uterus and ovarian weight and reduced coagulation time. Keywords: Spondias mombin, labor time, vaginal opening, uterus, ovarian, coagulation time.

Kigelia africana is traditionally used in Togo to control epileptic seizures. We undertook this study in order to evaluate its anticonvulsive properties. We pretreated Wistar albino rats of both sexes with the hydroethanolic extract (v: v) of the leaf of K. africana at 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of body weight. This pretreatment was done one hour prior to the administration of the convulsive drugs. We induced convulsions by administration (i.p) of strychnine, picrotoxin (PTX) or pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) respectively at 3 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg. In the pentylenetetrazol’s model, the above protocol was conducted both in male and in female groups of rats. We registered the latency and duration of generalized tonic-clonic convulsions in all models. The Incidence rates of the generalized convulsions in all models were decreased. Furthermore, the extract increased the survival rates of the rats in all model used in this study. The extract either at 250 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg significantly increased the latency of the onset of generalized tonic-clonic convulsions. Duration of the convulsions was significantly decreased in all models except for the picrotoxin-induced seizure’s one. In the PTZ model, the extract was more active in female rat. The extract decreased the incidence rate, prolonged the mean latency and shortened the mean duration of the generalized convulsions induced with PTX, strychnine and PTZ. The leaf of K. africana possesses anticonvulsive properties. This partially explains its traditional use in epileptic conditions.

Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn. (Chenopdiaceae) and Mitracarpus scaber Zucc. (Rubiaceae) are herbal medicinal plants. They are commonly used in Togolese folk medicine to treat skin infections such as infected wounds, dermatoses, and scabies. The aim of this work was to evaluate the wound healing and antimicrobial properties of the two plants. Firstly, we evaluated the infected wound healing property of the two plants. We induced and treated infected wound in Wistar rats as follows. We inserted a sterile needle under the skin of the animal previously anesthetized by ether. Along the needle, we made an incision of 2 cm of length. The wound was infected with 24 hours colonies of P.aeruginosa . One infected wound was created per animal. 0.5 g of ointments prepared form C. ambrosioides and M. scabe r leaf extracts, was applied twice a day. Secondly, we conducted antimicrobial assays with extracts prepared with the leaves of the plants. Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albcans, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. were used in this study. Infected wound in control group healed in 12.6±0.245 days. The ointment from C. ambrosioides or M. scaber leaf extracts, significantly and respectively reduced this mean time to 07.04±0.245 (P C. ambrosioides and M. scaber possess wound healing and antimicrobial properties. These findings support their traditional use in treatment of skin infections. Keywords: antimicrobial activity, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Mitracarpus scabe r, ointments, skin infected wounds.