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Two new saponins, notoginsenosides Ng1 (1) and Ng2 (2), together with seven known compounds (3-9), were isolated from the leaves of Panax notoginseng. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, HRESIMS, and NMR experiments. Compounds 6 and 7 showed moderate cytotoxic activities against HCT-116, with IC50 values of 4.98 and 0.64 μmol/L, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cytotoxic activity of 36 saponins isolated from roots ofPulsatilla chinensis(Bunge) Regel against the human cancer cell lines (A549, SGC-7901) and the human hepatic cell line (HL-7702) was tested by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Saponins1–14showed considerable cytotoxic activity, whereas saponins15–36showed no significant activity, which suggested that a free carboxylic group located at C-28 of aglycon is essential for their cytotoxic activity. Moreover, the analysis of structure–activity relationships also suggested that the oleanane-type saponins showed better cytotoxic activity than lupane-type saponins, and the length and linkage of glycolic chain attached to C-3 of aglycon displayed an important effect to the potent cytotoxicity. In conclusion, oleanolic acid 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)]-α-l-arabinopyranoside (5) exhibited the most significant cytotoxic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The cytotoxic activity of 36 saponins isolated from roots of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel against the human cancer cell lines (A549, SGC-7901) and the human hepatic cell line (HL-7702) was tested by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Saponins 1-14 showed considerable cytotoxic activity, whereas saponins 15-36 showed no significant activity, which suggested that a free carboxylic group located at C-28 of aglycon is essential for their cytotoxic activity. Moreover, the analysis of structure-activity relationships also suggested that the oleanane-type saponins showed better cytotoxic activity than lupane-type saponins, and the length and linkage of glycotic chain attached to C-3 of aglycon displayed an important effect to the potent cytotoxicity. In conclusion, oleanolic acid 3-O-α-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[βD-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)]-β-L-arabinopyranoside (5) exhibited the most significant cytotoxic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ergosterol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1a) and ergosterol 3-O-β-d-galactopyranoside (1b) were highly efficiently synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activities against two tumor cell lines. The structures of these compounds were extensively confirmed by 1H, 13C NMR, IR, and HRMS. Compounds 1a and 1b exhibited interesting cytotoxic profiles. The antitumor activity of compound 1a was higher than that of 1b. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new dammarane-type triterpene ginsenosides, together with six known ginsenosides, were isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. The new saponins were named as ginsenoside Rh11, ginsenoside Rh12, and ginsenoside Rh13. Their structures were elucidated as (20S)-3β,6α,12β,20-tetrahydroxydammara-25-ene-24-one 20-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), (20S)-3β,12β,20,24,25-pentahydroxydammarane 20-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), and (20S,23E)-3β,12β,20,25-tetrahydroxydammara-23-ene 20-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3) on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR experiments and mass spectra. The known ginsenosides were identified as ginsenoside M7cd, ginsenoside Rg6, ginsenoside Rb3, gypenoside XVII, gypenoside IX, and 20-(E)-ginsenoside F4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new furostanol saponins were isolated from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. Their structures were established as 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5α-furost-20(22)-en-3β,26-diol-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (1) and 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5α-furost-20(22)-en-12-one-3β,26-diol-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (2) on the basis of spectroscopic data as well as chemical evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new steroidal saponins were isolated from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical analysis as 16β-(4'-methyl-5'-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-pentanoxy)-5α-pregn-3β-ol-12,20-dione-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (1), 2α,3β-dihydroxy-5α-pregn-16-en-20-one 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (2) and 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-5α-furostan-20(22)-en-2α,3β,26-triol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new bidesmoside triterpenoid saponin, named stauntoside C1 (1), along with three known saponins (2-4) was isolated from Stauntonia chinensis DC. (Lardizabalaceae). Their structures were established by means of spectral and chemical methods as 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1), scabiosaponin E (2), sieboldianoside B (3), and kizutasaponin K12 (4). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new triterpene glycoside mutongsaponin F (1), together with five known saponins and two known lipids, was isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of the stems of Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. var. australis (Diels) Rehd. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic analysis and physicochemical properties as 3-β-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-O-]-α-l-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-30-norolean-12-en-28-oic acid α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1), 3-β-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-O-]-α-l-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-30-norolean-12-en-28-oic acid (2), leonticin E (3), collinsonidin (4), arjunolic acid 28-O-glucopyranoside (5), asiatic acid 28-O-glucopyranoside (6), soya-cerebroside I (7), and 1-O-α-l-galactosyl-(1 → 6)-O-β-d-galactosyl-3-O-hexadecanoyl-glycerol (8), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel furostanol saponins were isolated from the fresh tubers of Ophiopogon japonicus. Comprehensive spectroscopic analysis allowed the chemical structures of the compounds to be assigned as (25R)-26-[(O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl)]-22α-hydroxyfurost-5-ene-3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (1, ophiopogonin F) and (25R)-26-[(O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl)]-22α-hydroxyfurost-5-ene-3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (2, ophiopogonin G). The rare furostanol saponins with two glucosyl residues at C-26 position were isolated from the natural source for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the dried aerial part of Acanthopanax senticosus, a new coumarin glycoside, eleutheroside B2 (1), and a new sesquiterpenoid, oplopanone B (2), were isolated. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new spectrum of human fungal infections is increasing due to increased cancer, AIDS, and immunocompromised patients. The increased use of antifungal agents also resulted in the development of resistance to the present drugs. It makes necessary to discover new classes of antifungal compounds to cure fungal infections. Plants are rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites of wide variety such as tannins, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and other compounds, reported to have in vitro antifungal properties. Since the plant kingdom provides a useful source of lead compounds of novel structure, a wide-scale investigation of species from the tropics has been considered. Therefore, the research on natural products and compounds derived from natural products has accelerated in recent years due to their importance in drug discovery. A series of molecules with antifungal activity against different strains of fungus have been found in plants, which are of great importance to humans. These molecules may be used directly or considered as a precursor for developing better molecules. This review attempts to summarize the current status of important antifungal compounds from plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new triterpene saponins, ilekudinosides T-V (1-3), along with six known saponins were isolated from the 70% ethanolic extract of the leaves of Ilex kudingcha. The new saponins were characterized as 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-3β,19α-dihydroxy-urs-12(13)-en-28,20β-lactone (1), 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-3β,19α-dihydroxy-12-ethoxy-urs-13(18)-ene-28,20β-lactone (2), 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-3β,19α-dihydroxy-11-oxo-urs-13(18)-ene-28,20β-lactone (3), respectively. The structures of compounds 1-3 were elucidated on the basis of the chemical and spectroscopic evidence, and the structures of known compounds were identified by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new oleanane-type triterpene saponins, lysimachiagenoside C (1) and lysimachiagenoside D (2), were isolated from the aerial parts of Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance. The structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR techniques, including 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, TOCSY, and ROESY experiments as well as chemical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new triterpenoid saponin named clematichinenoside AR2, along with the six known compounds, was isolated and characterized from Clematis chinensis Osbeck (Ranunculaceae), a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid activities. The structure of the new saponin was elucidated as 3-O-β-[(O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-ribopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]olean-12-en-21α-hydroxy-28-oic acid-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1) by spectral analysis and chemical methods. The effects of two major saponins (clematichinenosides AR and AR2) on the secretion of TNF-α in murine peritoneal macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharides were further investigated. The result indicated that a majority of triterpenoid saponins of this herb may be useful in the exploration of lead compounds for the treatment of some autoimmune diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytolacacinoside A (1), a novel triterpenoid saponin, together with the seven known compounds, was isolated from 75% ethanol extract of the root of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb (Phytolaccaceae). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of analysis of spectroscopic data and physicochemical properties as 3-O-β-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl)]-11β-methoxy-jaligonic acid 30-methyl ester 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), 3-O-β-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl)]-jaligonic acid 30-methyl ester 28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2, esculentoside G), 3-O-β-[(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl)]-jaligonic acid 30-methyl ester (3, phytolaccoside E), 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-jaligonic acid 30-methyl ester (4, phytolaccoside B), hypaphorine (5), palmitic acid monoglyceride (6), β-sitosterol (7), and daucosterol (8). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sixteen triterpenoid saponins (1-16) were isolated from the stems of Clematis parviloba, including a new compound, parvilobaside A (1), which was established as 23-O-acetyl-hederagenin-3-O-β-d-ribopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-arabinopyranoside on the basis of various spectroscopic techniques and chemical evidences. Among the isolated compounds, clematoside S (2) and α-hederin (4) showed moderate cytotoxic activities against four human tumor cell lines (HCT-8, Bel-7402, BGC-823, and A-2780) with IC50 values in the range of 1.44-6.86 μg/ml. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new pentacyclic triterpene saponins, philoxeroidesides A-D (1-4) were isolated from the aerial parts of Alternanthera philoxeroides. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments and MS analyses. Philoxeroidesides A-D (1-4) showed cytotoxic activities against SK-N-SH and HL60 cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new minor dammarane saponins, quinquenosides L10 (1), L14 (2), and L16 (3), were isolated from the leaves and stems of Panax quinquefolium L. By the combination of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques and MS spectroscopic analysis, their structures were established as 20-O-(α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1-6)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-dammar-24-ene-3,12, 20-triol (1), 20-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-3-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-dammar-24-ene-3,12,20-triol (2), 3-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-20-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-dammarane-3,12,20,24,25-pentaol (3). The content of artemisinin was significantly enhanced by 3.0 mg l- 1 of compounds 1, 2, and 3 in the callus of Artemisia annua. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new steroidal saponins, ceparosides C (1) and D (2), have been isolated from the seeds of Allium cepa L. Their structures have been established as 26-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-(25R)-furost-5,20(22)-dien-3β,26-diol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 2)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (1) and 26-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-(25S)-furost-5,20(22)-dien-3β, 26-diol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (2) by means of spectral and chemical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One new oleane-type triterpene saponin, named lysimachiagenoside A (1) and the known 21-O-angeloylbarringtogenol C (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance. 21-O-angeloylbarringtogenol C was a new natural product. These structures were identified on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, including 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, TOCSY, and ROESY experiments as well as chemical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new furostanol saponins, polygonoides A (1) and B (2), along with three known compounds, were obtained from the ethanolic extract of the rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum Redoute. On the basis of acid hydrolysis and comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, the structures of polygonoides A and B were elucidated as (25R)-26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-furost-5,22(23)-dien-3β,26-diol-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and 22α-(propionyloxy)-furost-5-en-3β,20α-diol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new steroidal saponins and two known flavonoid glycosides were isolated from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris. Their structures were assigned by spectroscopic analysis and chemical reaction as 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-5α-furostan-12-one-3β,22α,26-triol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl (1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (1), 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5α-furostan-22-methoxy-2α,3β,26-triol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (2), kaempferol-3-gentiobioside (3), and isorhamnetin-3-gentiobioside (4). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new triterpenoid saponins, puberosides A and B, were isolated from the aerial parts of Glochidion puberum. Their structures were elucidated as 3α-[(O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-22α-benzoyloxy-olean-12-ene-16α,28-diol (1) and 3α-[(O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl)oxy]-28-benzoyloxy-olean-12-ene-16α,22α-diol (2) by analysis of their spectroscopic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new triterpenoid saponins, loniceroside D (1) and loniceroside E (2), were isolated from the dry flowers and buds of Lonicera japonica Thunb., along with seven known compounds, chlorogenic acid (3), sweroside (4), vogeloside (5), epi-vogeloside (6), loniceroside A (7), loniceroside B (8), and loniceroside C (9). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data, physicochemical properties, and acid hydrolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, cyclamiretin A 3β-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranoside (1), cyclamiretin A 3β-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranoside (2), cyclamiretin A 3β-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[β-d-6-O-acetylglucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranoside (3) and 3β-O-{α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranoside}-16,28-dihydroxy-30-acetoxyoleana-12-en (4), along with one known triterpene saponin and ardisiacrispin A (5) were isolated from the rhizome of Ardisia gigantifolia. Their structures were established with the help of extensive spectroscopic techniques. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of compounds on tumor cells (MTT based) in vitro were evaluated, and compounds 1, 2, and 5 showed potent anti-tumor activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ardisiacrenoside I (1), a new triterpenoid pentasaccharide with an unusual glycosyl glycerol side chain, was isolated from Ardisia crenata together with five closely related triterpenoid saponins. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of mass spectrometry, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Their cytotoxic activities were evaluated against several different human tumor cell lines by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new triterpenoid saponin, tenuifoside A, was isolated together with three known triterpenoid saponins 2, 3, and 4 from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. With the help of chemical and spectral analyses (IR, MS, 1D-NMR, and 2D-NMR), the structure of the new saponin was elucidated as 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[β-d-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 3)]-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[4-O-p-methoxycinnamoyl]-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-β-d-fucopyranosyl ester (1). Three known triterpenoid saponins (2-4) were identified on the basis of spectroscopic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new sulfated steroidal compounds (1 and 2), along with three known steroidal saponins (3, 4, and 5) were isolated from the starfish Asterias amurensis Lutken. The structures of new compounds were elucidated as 3β-O-sulfated-cholest-5-ene-7α-ol (1) and (E) 25-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl-26, 27-dinor-24(S)-methyl-22-ene-15α-O-sulfated-5α-cholest-3β,6α-ol (2) by extensive NMR experiments and chemical evidence. Their effects on UMR106 cell proliferation were screened by MTT method. The results indicated that compounds 2 and 2a (0.01-100 μM) significantly promoted the osteoblastic proliferation. The initial structure-activity relationship analysis suggests that the sugar moiety is the necessary group for the activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new furostanol saponins, tribufurosides B (1) and C (2), were isolated from the fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. With the help of chemical and spectral analyses (IR, MS, 1D NMR and 2D NMR), the structures of two new furostanol saponins were established as 26-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-5α-furost-20(22)-en-2α,3β,26-triol-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)-β-d-galactopyranoside (1) and (25S)-5α-furost-20(22)-en-12-one-3β, 26-diol-26-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seven triterpene saponins were isolated from Lysimachia christinae and identified as lysichriside A (1), lysichriside B (2), primulanin (3), lysikokianoside 1 (4), anagallisin C (5), ardisiacrispin A (6), and ardisicrenoside B (7). Compounds 1 and 2 are new triterpene saponins, compounds 3, 5, and 7 were isolated from this genus, and compounds 4 and 6 were isolated from this species for the first time. Their structures were elucidated by means of 1D and 2D NMR experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new triterpenoid saponins, named isoescins VIIa (1), VIa (2), and VIIIa (3), were isolated from the seeds of Aesculus turbinata and identified by spectroscopic analysis and chemical hydrolysis. Their structures were established as 21β-O-tigloyl-28-O-acetylprotoaescigenin 3β-O-[β-d-galactopyranosyl(1 → 2)][β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 4)]-β-d-glucopyranosiduronic acid (Isoescin VIIa, 1), 21β-O-(2-methylbutyryl)-28-O-acetylprotoaescigenin 3β-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)] [β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 4)]-β-d-glucopyranosiduronic acid (Isoescin VIa, 2), and 21β-O-angeloyl-28-O-acetylbarringtogenol C 3β-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 2)] [β-d-glucopyranosyl(1 → 4)]-β-d-glucopyranosiduronic acid (Isoescin VIIIa, 3). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new triterpenoid saponins, named ilexsaponins B4 (1) and C (2), have been isolated from the roots of Ilex pubescens. Their structures have been established as ilexgenin B 3-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(2 → 1)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(2 → 1)-β-d-xylopyranoside (1) and 3-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl spathodic acid 28-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (2) by means of spectral and chemical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin (2) along with one known was isolated from the cotyledons of Achras sapota. Their structures were determined with the help of 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS spectral data. The isolated compounds were named as 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-28-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl protobassic acid (1) and 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-28-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-16α-hydroxy protobassic acid (2). Compound 2 showed antibacterial activity against Gram positive and negative bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new triterpenoid saponins, named cernuaside C and D, have been isolated from Pulsatilla cernua (Thunb.) Bercht. et Opiz. The structures of the two new triterpenoid saponins were elucidated as 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl(1 → 2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 3)]-α-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 4)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside. (1) and 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1 → 3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) by 1D, 2D-NMR techniques, ESI-MS analysis as well as chemical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two triterpenoids were isolated from the roots of Peganum nigellastrum Bunge. Their structures were elucidated as 3α-acetoxy-27-trans-caffeoyloxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid methyl ester (1) and 3-oxotirucalla-7, 24-dien-21-oic acid (2) on the basis of spectroscopic evidence. 1 is a new triterpene ester and 2 is a known compound isolated for the first time from genus Peganum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new steroidal saponin, paridiformoside B (1), was obtained from the EtOH extract of the whole plant of Lysimachia Paridiformis Franch, togerher with one steroidal sapogenin (7) and seven known steroidal saponins (2-6, 8-9). Their structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic techniques including 1D and 2D NMR spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the bark of Zygophyllum fabago L., a new 27-nor-triterpenoid glycoside, 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-pyrocincholate (1), together with five known compounds, 3-O-6-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosyl-pyrocincholate (2), quinovic acid (3), 3-O-6-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosyl-quinovic acid (4), 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl- quinovic acid (5) and 3-O-6-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosyl-cincholic acid (6), were isolated and their structures elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1, 2 and 3 showed some anti-tumour activities by MTT assay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]