1. AGEs-related dysfunctions in PCOS: evidence from animal and clinical research
- Author
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D'Alfonso A, Maurizio Guido, Chiara Taccaliti, Stefania Ruggieri, Martina Placidi, Carla Tatone, Giulia Rossi, Giovanna Di Emidio, and Fernanda Amicarelli
- Subjects
Glycation End Products, Advanced ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Bioinformatics ,Endocrinology ,Insulin resistance ,Glycation ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Endocrine system ,biology ,Mechanism (biology) ,business.industry ,Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) ,medicine.disease ,Polycystic ovary ,Clinical research ,Sirtuin ,biology.protein ,Female ,business ,Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common female endocrine disorder in women in their reproductive age. In recent years, the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in PCOS has gained great attention. AGEs are highly reactive molecules that can be assumed by diet or endogenously synthesized as by-products of metabolic processes. AGE deposition increases with aging, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and glycotoxin-rich diet. Therefore, it has become imperative to understand the underlying mechanism of AGEs actions and its downstream effects in PCOS pathophysiology. By integrating evidence from human studies and experimental models, the present review points out that altered AGE deposition is a common feature in all PCOS phenotypes. Searching for possible mechanisms involved in the adaptive response against glycation injury in oocytes and ovaries, the role of SIRT1, the main member of the mammalian sirtuin family, has also recently emerged. Therefore, further studies based on anti-AGE interventions could be helpful in creating innovative strategies for counteracting PCOS and its effects on fertility.
- Published
- 2021