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The paper focuses on Assyrian magazines and newspapers initially published within the Ottoman era and extending into the Turkish Republic while in addition covering the exile activities pushed by Assyrians originating from Ottoman and/or Turkish geography. The first magazines started to be published here. However, the first emerging cultural activities came to an abrupt end with the beginning of World War I and the Christian persecutions and massacres that accompanied it. Leading intellectual figures had to leave the country or were killed. Many emigrated intellectuals of that era were able to follow up on the journalistic activities of the pioneers of the Ottoman period and founded newspapers and magazines in exile. The migration from Turkey led to the establishment of Assyrians and their organizations in the diaspora resulting in increased activities in the field of journalism. This article will provide a comprehensive compilation in the sense of an inventory and a corresponding brief description/profiling of the main publications that can be attributed to contributions and efforts of Assyrians whose roots lie in Anatolia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focusing on the Sorush newspaper published in Istanbul as a case of Iranian journalism in exile, this paper seeks to shed light on one aspect of Persian journalism in the constitutional period. On the eve of the 1906 Constitutional Revolution, Persian journalism entered into a critical phase that flourished outside the country. Istanbul, Calcutta, Cairo and London were the centres where Iranian intellectuals developed their critical ideas through this modern media. Inspired by these ideas, the Constitutional Revolution prepared an unprecedented situation for Iranian journalists to develop their flourishing career inside the country. It was in this period that a distinguished constitutionalist and intellectual Ali Akbar Dehkhoda began his journalistic career. Together with Mirza Jahangir Khan Shirazi, he began to publish Sur-e Esrafil, which presented a straightforwardly critical voice against Qajar despotism. Yet the passing flame of political freedom died out by the restoration of despotism and forced Dehkhoda and some of his colleagues to leave their homeland. He first went to Switzerland and then to Istanbul, where he continued his career in exile and published a new Persian-language newspaper by the name of Sorush. An analysis of this short-lived newspaper allows us to identify three pivotal concerns in its pages: advocacy of constitutionalism, opposition to imperialism and defending Iran's independence and territorial integrity, and the last but not the least, reflecting on Iran's first experience in constitutionalism. Indeed, for Dehkhoda and his colleagues in Sorush of İstanbul, securing an independent and well-integrated Iran was the most critical issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the relations between the readers or "customers" and the Anatoli newspaper which forms the most important representative of the periodical press in Karamanlidika and also is one of the oldest and long lived newspapers of the Ottoman Empire. Topics like the number of the subscribers, the "freeloaders", those customers who paid late or incomplete their subscription fees, the representatives in the country were not discussed only as sources that caused financial distress to the paper threatening to hamper its development but also as elements enabling us to understand the experience itself of publishing a newspaper and reading it in the second half of the nineteenth century late Ottoman context. Also these elements enable us to better evaluate the ideological impact of the newspaper concerning the Turkish speaking Anatolian Orthodox. These reveal many things about the nature, ideological content and limitations of Karamanlidhika journalism and most importantly that this literary production was seen by the contemporaries themselves as a transitory phase that will cease to exist when the Turkish speaking Anatolian Orthodox will "regain" completely their "lost" language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]