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Crystallographic characteristics of the β-Mg 17 Al 12 phase have been investigated in the pre-compressed and aged Mg-9.0 wt%Al-1.0 wt%Zn alloy. Due to pre-compression, morphologies of the β phases became much wider and shorter. The aspect ratio was reduced dramatically. Besides, octahedron shaped β phase with Crawley OR have been observed and portion of the β phase with Crawley OR increased. The twins generated by compression affect the ORs of the β phase. The OR between the β particle and the {1 0 −1 2} twin is: [1 −2 1 0] α //[1 1 −1] β , (0 0 0 2) α near parallel to (1 −2 −1) β . ORs between β particles and the {1 0 −1 1} twin were more complex. Two typical ORs between the β particles and the {1 0 −1 1} twin have been identified as: [1 −2 1 −3] T //[1 1 0] β1 , (1 −1 0 1) T //(3 −3 0) β1 and [1 −2 1 −3] T //[1 1 3] β2 , (0 −1 1 1) T //(2 1 −1) β2, which have rarely been reported before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pseudo-Hall effect in n-type single crystal 3C-SiC(1 0 0) with low carrier concentration has been investigated. Low pressure chemical vapor deposition was used to grow the single crystal n-type 3C-SiC(1 0 0) and Hall devices were fabricated by photolithography and dry etch processes. A large pseudo-Hall effect was observed in the grown thin films which showed a strong dependence on the crystallographic orientation. N-type 3C-SiC(1 0 0) with low carrier concentration shows a completely different behavior of pseudo-Hall measurements as compared to the p-type 3C-SiC(1 0 0). Contrary to p-type, the effect is maximum along [1 0 0] crystallographic orientation and minimum along [1 1 0] orientation. Moreover, the observed pseudo-Hall effect is 50 % larger than p-type with higher carrier concentration grown by the same process which makes n-type 3C-SiC(1 0 0) with low carrier concentration more suitable material for designing highly sensitive micro-mechanical sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) films applicable to an absorber material in thin film solar cells were prepared at room temperature by pulsed DC magnetron sputtering from a CZTS ceramic target, and the effects of sputtering pressure on the phase, preferred orientation and composition of the deposited CZTS films were investigated. The results indicated that the dominant phase in the deposited films was Kesterite structure, only having the trace impurity phase of Cu 2− x S. The preferred orientation was gradually converted from (2 2 0) to (1 1 2) with increasing sputtering pressure. Moreover, the composition of the deposited films was also affected by the sputtering pressures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The galvanic-cell-based synthesis is considered as an effective method for the seed-layer free preparation of ZnO nanorods. However, the nucleation stage of the growth which decides the final structures of ZnO nanorods is still not well-understood. Here we show that the nucleation is almost completed after two minutes of growth and the galvanic-cell-based method results in a condensed ZnO layer beneath of the ZnO nanorods. Beyond this finding, we propose a hybrid approach that combines the galvanic and hydrothermal growth to fabricate the condensed-layer free, well-separated ZnO nanorods that might be compatible for the ZnO-based devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon fiber cloth/epoxy resin composites with different layer orientation angles were prepared to evaluate electromagnetic shielding properties in the X band. The results showed that the electrical conductivity, dielectric constant and shielding effectiveness of composites decreased with increase in layer angle. Absorbed power had the maximum value (0.577) at 49.60° with sample thickness 4.00 mm. After using carbonyl iron powder as the radio wave absorber, both conductivity and shielding effectiveness improved when layer angle was beyond 10.06°. Reflected power decreased while absorbed power increased with increase in layer angle and their variation rates decreased. Structure and function integrated shielding products made of these composites can be used to get the highest shielding effectiveness or highest absorbed power with designed layer angles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the crystal anisotropy, highly oriented films normally exhibit unique properties and performances. In this paper, Ag films were deposited using arc ion plating (AIP) at different substrate temperatures, substrate bias voltages and Ar pressures, and the relationship between the preferred orientation and deposition parameter of the films was investigated. The results exhibited that the preferred orientation of Ag films was influenced significantly by the deposition parameter due to the competition between the surface- and strain-energy minimization, and so both Ag films that exhibited highly preferred orientations of (1 1 1) and (2 0 0), respectively, were obtained at the optimum conditions. The relatively low friction was observed from the Ag film with highly preferred orientations of (1 1 1) because the (1 1 1) plane was the slip plane of face-centred cubic crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interaction of human osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells with a , b oriented silicalite-1 film is affected by its surface micro-roughness, controlled by a number of a oriented crystals on its surface, which can be simply tuned by synthesis conditions. The density of Saos-2 cells on days 1 and 3 after seeding increases with the number and dimensions of a oriented crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]