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[Display omitted] • N-doped 1T-2H MoSe 2 /N doped carbon paper was fabricated by a low-temperature nitrogen plasma strategy. • N doping along with 1T phase into the 2H-MoSe 2 can expose more active edge sites and improve electrical conductivity. • N-MoSe 2 /NCP-30 only needs an overpotential of 274 mV to reach −200 mA cm−2 with Tafel slope of 54.7 mV dec-1. Molybdenum selenide (MoSe 2) is considered to be a promising catalyst for seawater hydrogen evolution, but its catalytic activity falls far short of requirements due to its inert surface. Here, self-supported N-doped 1T@2H-MoSe 2 /N doped carbon paper (N-MoSe 2 /NCP) was fabricated by a novel low-temperature nitrogen plasma strategy. In alkaline simulated seawater, the optimized N-MoSe 2 /NCP-30 only requires an overpotential of 274 mV to reach −200 mA cm−2 with Tafel slope of 54.7 mV dec-1, and exhibits stability over 24 h. This work proposes that the introduction of 1 T phase and N dopant into 2H-MoSe 2 using low-temperature plasma strategy can significantly facilitate the exposure of abundant active edge sites and boost the conductivity of MoSe 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contact angle measurement with oils of increasing viscosities have been performed and superoleophobicity was found for viscosities >580 cP. [Display omitted] • Superoleophobicity has been observed in aluminum hydroxide nanoflakes. • Oil absorption has been decreased with increasing AHNF weight in white cement. • Contact angle measurements with various viscous oils were performed. • Omnipresence of oleophobic and hydrophilic properties was observed. An oleophobic coating is a coating that repels oils and leaves the surface fingerprint-free, impervious to dirt, dust, grease and other particulates that is easy to clean and maintain. In this study, we observed the presence of both oleophobicity and hydrophilicity when aluminum hydroxide nanoflakes (AHNFs) are mixed with commercial white cement. This unique property is highly desirable for industry and domestic walls. Contact angle measurement with oils of increasing viscosities have been performed and superoleophobicity was found for viscosities >580 cP. Separation of oil from an emulsion was also made possible using filter paper coated AHNFs mixed cement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The addition of cerium dioxide particles increases the corrosion resistance of aluminum anodes. • Cerium dioxide particles destroy the oxide film on the surface of aluminum anode, thus improving the discharge effect. • The addition of cerium dioxide increases the electrochemical activity and anode utilization of aluminum anode. In this word, the effects of adding different contents of CeO 2 to pure Al anode alloy plates on the anode performance of aluminum air batteries were evaluated using an electrochemical workstation, a blue dot test system, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the addition of CeO 2 had a positive effect on the discharge performance of aluminum anodes for aluminum-air batteries, especially at high current density of 100 mA·cm−2 for Al-0.20 wt% CeO 2 and Al-0.25 wt% CeO 2 anodes, and also improved the electrochemical activity, corrosion resistance, and anode utilization of aluminum anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • High processability of porous organic salt (POS) not found in MOFs and COFs. • POS can be formed on filter paper by a simple solution process. • Highly sensitive ammonia detection performance of the POS immobilized sheet. • Mass production at low cost by roll-to-roll process can be expected in the future. We demonstrated a porous organic material with higher processability than Metal Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks. A porous organic salt (POS) composed of 2-cyano-3(4-((4-methoxyphenyl)(phenyl)amino)phenyl) acrylic acid and triphenylmethylamine could be immobilized on a filter paper by a simple dipping and drying process. We tested the applicability of the POS immobilized sheet as a gas sensor and found that the sheet exhibited a highly sensitive fluorescence response to sub-ppm levels of ammonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• CoS2\C composites were synthesized by paper template method. • CoS2\C composites exhibited a high specific capacitance of 1320.3 F g−1 at current density 1 A g−1. • The 3D network structure reduces the crushing and dissolution of metal sulfide particles. Transition metal sulfides have attracted widespread interest in energy storage devices due to their unique functions. Here, a simple, green and convenient process has been developed to produce CoS 2 -decorated 3D carbon network CoS 2 /C materials. The simple electrode materials of CoS 2 /C for supercapacitors with the natural carbon network structure provided by filter paper showed multiple advantages, such as accessible high specific surface area, high specific capacitance, and the improved conductivity. The significantly improved specific capacitance of 1320F g−1 at 1A g−1 and excellent rate capability with an ultrahigh capacitance retention of 80.9% at 10 A g−1 were obtained. Cycle performance of the capacitance retention rate is 72.5% after 1000 charge and discharge cycles were retained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• An attempt to characterize thin, low impedance paper at various high strain-rates. • The creation of a digital twin of the physical Split Hopkinson Test bench. • To demonstrate that there can be distortions of the transmitted measuring signal. This work deals with the high strain-rate characterization of paper under uniaxial tension using a Split Hopkinson test bench. An aluminum bar system featuring a highly sensitive hollow transmission bar was used. Paper tests were performed in a strain-rate range between approximately 60 s−1 and 210 s−1. The experimental tests showed that the breaking strength appears to decrease with increasing strain-rate. To verify these results, a digital twin of both the paper specimen and the entire test rig was created in an explicit Finite Element method environment. The numerical model was then used to perform a parameter study with different types of transmission bars. It was shown that the system is quite sensitive to additional masses caused by the specimen fixtures, as well as to drastic reductions in the cross section of the transmission bar. As a result, the transmitted measuring signal can be distorted and may need to be corrected using the digital twin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• ZnSe particles are embedded in N-doped carbon fiber to form ZnSe@CNFs composite. • ZnSe@CNFs anode exhibits long cycling stability of 2000 cycles at 1 A/g. • The lifted performance is owing to the structure engineering and synergistic effect. To encapsulate metal sulfides/selenides into carbon substrates is effective to enhance the cycling stability and rate capability of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). In this paper, ZnSe nanoparticles rooted in N-doped carbon nanofibers (ZnSe@CNFs) were prepared by typical electrospinning technique coupled with carbonization and selenylation. As a result, ZnSe nanoparticles were wrapped by multichannel carbon fibers, which is conducive to the fast transport of sodium-ions and electrons and ensure the structural integrity. Benefiting from the special structure and the synergistic effect of two constituent, ZnSe@CNFs anode exhibits superior cycling stability of 2000 cycles at 1 A/g, with a capacity retention rate of 97.4%, equivalent to 0.0132‰ of attenuation per cycle. The carbon-encapsulation method involved in this paper has great application potential in the preparation of electrode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Fe 7 S 8 anchoring S-doped porous GE was successfully synthesized. • Rhodanine converted Fe 3 O 4 to Fe 7 S 8 and constructed porous S-doped GE. • Multi-band electromagnetic absorptions were realized, with effective bandwidth achieved up to 12.07 GHz. At present, research bottleneck on electromagnetic absorption materials lied in achieving strong absorption with broadband and multi-band responses. In this paper, Fe 7 S 8 anchoring S-doped porous graphene was synthesized for multi-band electromagnetic absorptions. Rhodanine played the role of 'two birds in one stone', converting Fe 3 O 4 to Fe 7 S 8 and constructing porous S-doped carbon. The hybrids exhibited multi-band electromagnetic absorptions at 10.52, 12.56 and 15.03 GHz, with effective bandwidth achieved up to 12.07 GHz. This paper showcases reference path for the design of multi-band electromagnetic absorption materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A clever one-step calcination method was used to prepare catalysts with both photocatalytic and thermal catalytic properties. • The activity and stability of the catalyst are relatively high. • Synthesized heterogeneous catalysts that facilitate the separation of reaction solution and catalyst. In this paper, a high specific surface area lamellar heterogeneous composite catalyst (MCN) was synthesized for the cycloaddition reaction of CO 2 and epoxides. MCN is doped aluminum with high catalytic activity in Bi 2 S 3 and g-C 3 N 4 with photocatalytic activity, and it was prepared by a facile one-step calcination method. This catalyst achieved 88 % and 97 % conversion and selectivity for the cycloaddition reaction of epichlorohydrin and CO 2 with no change in yield after five cycles. In addition, the two compositions of Bi 2 S 3 and g-C 3 N 4 in MCN resulted in enhanced light absorption of the catalyst, thus providing some photothermal performance. This paper provides an idea for the design of bifunctional catalysts with Lewis acid-base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• New strategy of laser spot offset welding of medium Mn steel. • The plasticity of medium Mn steel welded joint has been greatly improved. • The reduction of Mn element in the weld can reduce intergranular brittleness. During laser welding of medium Mn (M−Mn) steel, the existence of Mn element at the grain boundaries (GBs) lead to the embrittlement of the joint. In this paper, a new strategy of dissimilar high strength steel welding and laser spot offset is introduced in the laser welding of M−Mn steel. This paper focuses on the influence of laser spot offset on the brittleness of laser welded joints of M−Mn/dual-phase 980 (DP980) dissimilar steel, and compares the differences in microstructure, element distribution and properties of joints under different processes. Compared with the welded joints of M−Mn/M−Mn steel and M−Mn/DP980 steel, the content of Mn element and Mn 23 C 6 carbide in the GBs of the new welded joint was reduced, which greatly slowed down the propagation of intergranular cracks in the fusion zone (FZ). Finally, the plasticity of the welded specimen is greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new tetracycline sensor was synthesized through dye encapsulation in MOF-808 pores. • 6-FAM@MOF-808 exhibits efficient fluorescence quenching for tetracycline and the detection limit was reported at ppb level. • Constructed fluorescent paper sensors with potential applications. As a type of porous material with highly controllable pore structure and surface functionalization, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have unique advantages in antibiotic content detection in the environment. Herein, we successfully regulated the luminescent properties of MOF-808 through the in-situ loading of fluorescent dye molecules, and achieved excellent luminescent sensing detection performance for tetracycline antibiotics in water environments (LOD = 79.9 ppb). Additionally, the construction of a convenient luminescent detection test paper sensor provides a new approach and method for the rapid, recyclable detection and monitoring of antibiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Indium sulfide (In 2 S 3) has emerged as a potential nanomaterial for sensing applications. • In 2 S 3 -based nanomaterials showed excellent gas and electrochemical sensing characteristics. • Recent developments in the gas and electrochemical In 2 S 3 -based sensors have been summarized. • Current challenges and futuristic ways to enhance sensing performance have been discussed. Due to their superior sensing characteristics, In 2 S 3 -based nanocomposites have emerged as attractive materials in gas and electrochemical sensors in recent years. This review article gives an in-depth look at the most recent advancements in using In 2 S 3 as a fundamental component in sensor applications. The discussion begins with an overview of In 2 S 3 as a sensor material, including its intrinsic features and gas and electrochemical detection possibilities. The study digs into In 2 S 3 ′s gas and electrochemical sensing methods, clarifying the processes that underpin its sensitivity to specific analytes. It investigates the interaction of In 2 S 3 with target gases or ions, emphasizing the significance of surface chemistry, charge transfer, and structural alterations in the sensing process. This review paper focuses on recent gas and electrochemical sensing advances made by In 2 S 3 -based nanocomposites. Researchers improved sensor performance by integrating In 2 S 3 into diverse composite architectures. It also includes case studies and effective examples of In 2 S 3 -based nanocomposites in real-world sensing applications. These examples illustrate the sensors' usefulness and adaptability in detecting a wide range of gases and ions with great sensitivity and selectivity. In summary, this review paper provides an in-depth look at the most recent advancements in In 2 S 3 -based nanocomposites for gas and electrochemical sensors. It provides an excellent resource for academics, engineers, and professionals by illuminating sensing mechanisms, stressing essential parameters, highlighting current discoveries, supporting further innovation, and the broader application of In 2 S 3 -based nanocomposite sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Corrosion kinetics has been identified using thermogravimetry technique. • Thicker oxide scale on HAZ has been found in both the weldments in molten salt environment. • Cracks were observed in oxide scale of SMAW weldment. • Voids formation in inner scale, leads to easy diffusion path for corrosive gases/elements. • Parabolic growth rate law has been investigated. Fuels used in boilers/gas-turbines, pulp & paper industry, diesel-engines and other machinery, contains vanadium or sulphates and form compounds of low melting phase during combustion which are more corrosive for high temperature materials. This research-article examines the corrosion kinetics and oxide of weldments in steels (SA213- T11) in molten-salt (Na 2 SO 4 -60% V 2 O 5) environment under thermal cyclic conditions-at 900 °C. The thermogravimetry technique was used to elucidate the kinetics of corrosion. The results reveal the TIG weldment indicated lower weight gain during some initial cycles than those of SMAW weldment but subsequently increased due to the voids-formation in inner scale of HAZ, and non-availability of Cr in oxide of TIG weldment as reported in the given environment leads to high corrosion rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The combination of microscopic failure mechanism and energy evolution law. • Microscopic pore destruction recombination mechanism. • Force transmission mechanism of deep micro-thin-walled structure. • Exciting potential elastic strain energy in the residual stage of damage. • The connection between macro and micro energy evolution law. This paper uses the macroscopic stress–strain curve of foamed concrete under uniaxial compression as a baseline reference, combining the micro-failure mechanisms of the internal structure and the laws of energy evolution to explain the macroscopic mechanical behavior. This study proposes the mechanisms behind pore fracture and recombination, as well as the mechanical interactions within thin-walled structures. The fractured structure swiftly fills and restores the framework, while the reticulated thin-walled structure adjusts transmission pathways for forces, inducing dormant elastic strain energy and thereby prolonging the interval of residual strain. Coupled with macroscopic laws dictating energy evolution, this paper elaborates on the influence of microscopic structures on stress–strain characteristics. The capacity of foam concrete to proficiently absorb and dissipate external energy, thereby extending the duration of the strain process, and its potential as a buffering material are substantiated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A simple cost effective chemosensor is synthesized for naked eye detection of F−. • Hydrogen bonding between sensor and F- leads to color change from yellow to pink. • The binding mechanism is well supported by Job's plot, 1H NMR titration and DFT. • The sensor shows an excellent association constant and low LOD. • Fast track paper strip application has been performed. A 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine appended sensing material has been synthesized and characterized by NMR, IR and HRMS spectral studies. The selective colorimetric sensing property of the chemosensor for F− has been thoroughly investigated with UV–Vis, NMR and DFT analysis. The limit of detection (LOD) and association constant has been found to be 1.37 μM and 3.09 × 107 M−1, respectively. High electronegativity of F− is responsible for hydrogen bonding induced deprotonation of chemosensor and subsequent color change from yellow to pink. Paper strip kit of the chemosensor has been applied successfully for sensing of F−. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Optimised gardenia-shaped structural materials. • Gardenia-shaped structural materials are susceptible to variable stiffness characteristics. • The variable stiffness properties of gardenia-shaped structure materials are investigated by experimental and finite element methods. Nature's creatures often have unique behaviors that have inspired humans to create many bionic structures to meet engineering needs. In previous work, we reported a Gardenia-shaped structure (GSS) materials. Then an optimal GSS materials is developed in this paper. The optimal GSS materials shows its easily available variable stiffness characteristics from the testing in the homemade experimental bench. The variable stiffness characteristics of the optimal GSS materials were investigated by using both experimental and finite element methods in this paper. The experimental results show good agreement with the numerical results. The excellent performance of the optimal GSS materials has the potential for engineering applications to meet multi-stiffness requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A method is proposed for the detection of weld surface porosity defects. • Defects are identified in weld images using computer vision techniques. • The actual defect size can be accurately measured. • The proposed method can accurately detect weld surface porosity defects. Welding is the main connection type used in steel structure bridges. As the weld quality significantly affects the performance of a structure, weld defect detection is crucial in the performance evaluation of bridges. With the continuous development of computer vision (CV) techniques and image acquisition equipment, CV-based methods are being increasingly applied to weld defect detection. However, accurate identification of welding defects from several images is challenging. This paper proposes a CV-based method for detecting and quantifying surface porosity defects in welds. CV techniques were used to identify and extract weld defects, and the pixel-level sizes of the weld defects were obtained. The actual sizes of the weld defects were calculated based on a conversion between the image size and actual size. The results show that the proposed image processing method has low complexity and high accuracy in detecting weld defects, providing accurate measurement of the defect size. It is a fast and non-contact detection method for weld defect detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A machine learning workflow was developed to evaluate elastocaloric property. • The adiabatic temperature change of ternary NiMn-based SMAs was predicted. • The volume change of NiMnTi SMA was calculated to verify elastocaloric property. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) have the potential to improve the efficiency of solid-state refrigeration technology through coupled excitation of multiple thermal effects. Aiming to achieve high elastocaloric NiMn-based SMAs, this paper utilized machine learning to predict the adiabatic temperature change and first-principle calculations to elucidate the mechanism. Based on the optimal XGB Regressor model, the Ni 50 Mn 33 Ti 17 SMA through directional solidification is predicted to have the highest adiabatic temperature change of 10 K (test temperature = 298 K, applied stress = 300 MPa). In addition, the volume change ratio after martensitic transformation reaches 2.375 % with first-principles calculations, which is expected to provide sufficient entropy and thus obtain an excellent elastocaloric effect. This study provides an available pathway to design and optimize the elastocaloric property of NiMn-based SMAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Proposed process and scheme for in situ thermal conversion of boron oxide-modified polyimide aerogel materials. • Prepared PI/B aerogels have low thermal conductivity (0.03891 W/(m·K)) and a temperature of 592.4 °C at 5 % weight loss. • PI/B aerogels maintain resilience while increasing mechanical strength. Thermal insulation and energy saving materials play an important role in promoting the rational use of energy and realizing sustainable development. In this paper, reticulated crosslinked polyimide aerogels were made by depositing boron oxide particles formed by the introduction of boric acid transformation on the aerogel structure through an in situ thermal transformation process. The results show that the boric acid was homogeneously mixed with the precursor polyamic acid solution, leading to the uniform dispersion of boron oxide within the aerogel framework. Compared with pure polyimide aerogels, the composite aerogels dopped with boron oxide show excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The changes rule of rock microstructure under different confining pressures are analyzed. • The relationship between porosity and permeability of rock is studied. • The damage evolution process of rock structure under different confining pressures is analyzed. The rock structure determines the stability and reliability of underground engineering. Great achievements have been made in the study of rock structural damage, but there are few studies on real-time monitoring of rock structural changes under different increasing and unloading decreasing pressures. In this paper, the dynamic evolution rule of pore structure in rock under the combined action of water pressure and different confining pressure of increasing and decreasing is monitored by NMR technique. The porosity and permeability of rock under different confining pressures are consistent. The increase of confining pressure leads to the closure of pores, which leads to the decrease of porosity and permeability, but the amplitude and time of change are different. During the process of decreasing confining pressure, the T 2 spectral curve, porosity and permeability of the rock did not fully recover due to the reduction of confining pressure, indicating that plastic deformation occurs inside the rock at this time. The mathematical relationship between porosity and permeability is established, and the permeability of rock is not only related to the size of porosity, but also closely related to the pore structure of rock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• GH4169 cylinder entangled wire materials (CEWMs) with 1.8 g/cm3 were prepared. • The compression creep behaviors of GH4169 and 304 CEWMs were compared. • The performance of both GH4169 and 304 CEWMs degraded at elevated temperatures. • The two CEWMs suffer a much serious performance degradation above 450 °C. • The compression creep resistance of GH4169 CEWMs is better than that of 304. As a nickel-based alloy, GH4169 has the properties of excellent corrosion resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance and high creep resistance. In this paper, the compression creep behaviors of cylinder entangled wire materials (CEWMs) made from metal wires (GH4169 nickel-based alloy, 304 stainless steel) were investigated at elevated temperatures (from 400 °C to 500 °C). The performance degradation of the two materials was evaluated by the variation amplitude of four mechanical properties parameters and material characterization methods. The results indicated that both of 304 CEWMs and GH4169 CEWMs suffered a significant performance degradation at elevated temperatures, and both of the two CEWMs showed a much serious performance degradation above 450 °C (tempering temperature). Compared to the 304 CEWMs at the tested temperatures, the GH4169 CEWMs obtained better creep resistance. It is therefore concluded that the GH4169 CEWM is an excellent material that can replace the commonly used 304 CEWM at elevated temperature work conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• W1.5 shows superior interlayer bonding and flexural strength. • Optimal stand-off distance is 13.5 mm to 15 mm. • Lattice beam achieved a failure load of 49.01 kN with flexural failure. This paper presents the optimal selection of cable reinforcement for concrete 3D-printed lattice beam. It also addresses key challenges associated with interlayer bonding and flexural strength of 3D printed elements. Three different types of reinforcement including 1.6 mm and 2 mm diameter rebar, (R1.6 & R2) and 1.5 mm wire (W1.5) with seven strings were evaluated with different stand-off distances of 10–20 mm. The interlayer bonding and flexural strength were investigated to determine the most effective reinforcement configuration. Results show that W1.5 reinforcement exhibited higher interlayer bonding and flexural strength as compared with R1.6 and R2. Subsequently, the optimal reinforcement configuration (W1.5) was embedded in a concrete 3D-printed lattice beam. The lattice beam was structurally evaluated using four-point testing, demonstrating an ultimate load-carrying capacity of 49.01 kN with a mid-span displacement of 2.99 mm. Moreover, it exhibited flexural failure with no premature failures such as inter-layer delamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]