25 results on '"Schmitz, Kathryn H."'
Search Results
2. School-level intraclass correlation for physical activity in sixth grade girls
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Murray, David M., Stevens, June, Hannan, Peter J., Catellier, Diane J., Schmitz, Kathryn H., Dowda, Marsha, Conway, Terry L., Rice, Janet C., and Song Yang
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Teenage girls -- Health aspects ,Exercise -- Health aspects ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
A study reports the school-level interclass correlation (ICC) for moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from the Trial for Activity in Adolescent Girls (TAAG) baseline survey of sixth grade girls and describes the relationship between the schedule of data collection and the ICC. The school-level ICC is higher when estimated from a single wave compared with three waves and across weekdays compared with weekend days.
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- 2006
3. Arterial distensibility and physical activity in the ARIC study
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Schmitz, Kathryn H., Arnett, Donna K., Bank, Alan, Duanping Liao, Evans, Gregory W., Evenson, Kelly R., Stevens, June, Sorlie, Paul, and Folsom, Aaron R.
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Exercise -- Physiological aspects ,Cardiovascular diseases -- Risk factors ,Aging -- Physiological aspects ,Arteries -- Stenosis ,Blood pressure -- Physiological aspects ,Atherosclerosis -- Risk factors ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
This article discusses the relationship between aging, physical fitness, and arterial stenosis. An analysis of arterial diameter, body mass index, and arterial blood pressure is presented.
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- 2001
4. Compendium of physical activities: an update of activity codes and MET intensities
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Ainsworth, Barbara E., Haskell, William L., Whitt, Melicia C., Irwin, Melinda L., Swartz, Ann M., Strath, Scott J., O'Brien, William L., Bassett, David R., Jr., Schmitz, Kathryn H., Emplaincourt, Patricia O., Jacobs, David R., Jr., and Leon, Arthur S.
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Sports sciences -- Research ,Exercise -- Statistics ,Energy metabolism -- Measurement ,Codes -- Usage ,Classification -- Methods ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
This article presents a standardized method of classifying physical activities according to activity type and intensity level. Each activity is assigned a numerical code and a MET value that represents a ratio of the working metabolic rate for the task and a standard resting rate.
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- 2000
5. Effect of exercise on oxidative stress: a 12-month randomized, controlled trial
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Campbell, Peter T., Gross, Myron D., Potter, John D., Schmitz, Kathryn H., Duggan, Catherine, Ulrich, Cornelia M., and McTiernan, Anne
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Oxidative stress -- Research ,Aerobic exercises -- Health aspects ,Lipid peroxidation -- Research ,Middle aged women -- Health aspects ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
The study explores the effect of a yearlong exercise intervention on F2-isoprostane, a specific marker of lipid peroxidaton and a general marker of oxidative stress. Evidence suggest that aerobic exercise, when accompanied by significant gains in aerobic fitness, decreases oxidative stress among previously sedentary older women and that the changes occur with minimal change in mass or body composition.
- Published
- 2010
6. Geographic recruitment of breast cancer survivors into community-based exercise interventions
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Rogerino, Amy, Wilcox, Homer III, Schmitz, Kathryn H., and Grant, Lorita L.
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Cancer survivors -- Physiological aspects ,Cancer survivors -- Health aspects ,Cancer survivors -- Demographic aspects ,Exercise -- Physiological aspects ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
The article studies various techniques used to recruit breast cancer survivors into community-based exercise interventions. Findings support the use of population-based cancer to recruit survivors into community-based interventions.
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- 2009
7. Strength training effects on bone mineral content and density in premenopausal women
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Warren, Meghan, Petit, Moira A., Hannan, Peter J., and Schmitz, Kathryn H.
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Postmenopausal women -- Health aspects ,Bones -- Density ,Bones -- Measurement ,Bones -- Health aspects ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of strength training on bone mineral content (aBMD) and density among premenopausal women. Results showed that after two years of strength training no further changes were noticed in the aBMD but this required further study on the subject.
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- 2008
8. Effect of physical activity on menopausal symptoms among urban women
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Nelson, Deborah B., Sammel, Mary D., Freeman, Ellen W., Hui Lin, Gracia, Clarisa R., and Schmitz, Kathryn H.
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Exercise -- Analysis ,Postmenopausal women -- Physiological aspects ,Postmenopausal women -- Health aspects ,Menopause -- Research ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
Several studies are conducted to determine the various effects of the physical activity on the menopausal symptoms among American and Caucasian women. The levels of anxiety, stress and depression are shown to be the lowest among the physically active postmenopausal women.
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- 2008
9. Moderate resistance training and vascular health in overweight women
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Olson, Thomas P., Dengel, Donald R., Leon, Arthur S., and Schmitz, Kathryn H.
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Exercise -- Health aspects ,Middle aged women -- Health aspects ,Vascular endothelium -- Health aspects ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
A study was conducted to find out the effectiveness of one year of resistance training (RT) on vascular structure and function in otherwise healthy overweight young and middle-aged women. The results suggest that one-year of RT, although not affecting carotid artery intimamedia thickness, improves peripheral artery endothelial function, measured by flow-mediated dilation of brachial artery, in overweight women.
- Published
- 2006
10. Predicting energy expenditure from accelerometry counts in adolescent girls
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Schmitz, Kathryn H., Treuth, Margarita, Hannan, Peter, Mcmurray, Robert, Ring, Kimberly B., Catellier, Diane, and Pate, Russ
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Exercise -- Health aspects ,Teenage girls -- Health aspects ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
The energy expenditure and accelerometer counts during physical activities on adolescent girls to develop an equation to predict energy expenditure is assessed. It is concluded that this equation may be most useful for predicting energy expenditure in groups of adolescent girls over a period of time that will include activities of broad-ranging intensity.
- Published
- 2005
11. Comparison of two approaches to structured physical activity surveys for adolescents
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Mcmrray, Robert G., Welk, Gregory J., Picrel, Julie L., Almedia, M. Jaoa. C. A., Sallis, James F., Treuth, Margarita S., Ring, Kimberly B., Schmitz, Kathryn H., Pate, Russell R., Gonzalez, Vivian, and Young, Deborah, Rohm
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Accelerometers -- Research ,Youth -- Health aspects ,Teenagers -- Health aspects ,Exercise -- Health aspects ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
The experiment on the comparison of two approaches to structured physical activity surveys for adolescents is conducted to compare the test-related reliability, convergent validity, and overall feasibility or usability of activity-based (AB) and time-based (TB) approaches. A survey conducted on both the genders overestimated activity levels thus supplementing self-reports with objective data.
- Published
- 2004
12. School-level intraclass correlation for physical activity in adolescent girls
- Author
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Murray, David M., Catellier, Diane J., Treuth, Margarita, S., Hannan, Peter J., Stevens, June; ., Schmitz, Kathryn H., Rice, Janet C., and Conway, Terry L.
- Subjects
Teenage girls -- Surveys ,Educational surveys ,Health ,Sports and fitness - Abstract
A substudy to estimate the school level intraclass correlation (ICC) for intensity-weighted minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) that was measured using an accelerometer was conducted. The conclusions called for 36 schools in trial for activity in adolescent girls (TAAG) with a minimum participation rate of 80 percent.
- Published
- 2004
13. Advances in Adherence Reporting of Resistance Training in a Clinical Trial during Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Colon Cancer.
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Campbell KL, Brown JC, Lee C, Weltzien E, Li J, Sternfeld B, Campbell N, Vaughan M, Fedric R, Meyerhardt JA, Caan BJ, and Schmitz KH
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- Humans, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance statistics & numerical data, Aged, Resistance Training methods, Colonic Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Purpose: Detailed reporting of individually tailored exercise prescriptions (ExR x ) used in clinical trials is essential to describe feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of the intervention and to inform translation to clinical care. This article outlines the methodology used to develop a resistance training (RT) ExR x for people with colon cancer receiving chemotherapy and reports adherence to the randomized controlled trial testing the impact of RT on relative dose intensity of chemotherapy and patient-reported toxicities., Methods: Participants randomized to the exercise arm ( n = 90) were included. To promote muscle hypertrophy, the ExR x was twice-weekly, moderate to heavy loads (65%-85% one-repetition maximum), high sets (3-5), and intermediate repetitions (6-10) of five large multijoint movements with adjustable dumbbells. Attendance (achieved frequency) and adherence (achieved volume) were calculated. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify clusters of individuals with similar adherence patterns and compared baseline characteristics across adherence groups., Results: The median attendance was 69.1%. Adherence was 60.6% but higher for those receiving 3 versus 6 months of chemotherapy (80.4 vs 47.4%; P < 0.05 ). Participants engaged in a median of 1.4 d of RT each week, lifting 62% of the one-repetition maximum load, for 3.0 sets and 7.5 repetitions per set. Three distinct adherence groups were identified: 13% "nonstarter," 37% "tapered off," and 50% "consistent exercisers." Females were more likely to be in the nonstarter and tapered-off groups., Conclusions: This article outlines suggested methods for reporting ExR x of RT in oncology clinical trials and provides insight into the tolerance of ExR x of RT during chemotherapy treatment for colon cancer. These findings aim to foster constructive dialogue and offer a premise for designing future research to elucidate the benefits of exercise during chemotherapy., (Copyright © 2024 by the American College of Sports Medicine.)
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- 2024
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14. Early Detection of Brain Metastases in a Supervised Exercise Program for Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer: A Case Report.
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Pelaez M, Stuiver MM, Broekman M, Schmitz KH, Zopf EM, Clauss D, Wengström Y, Rosenberger F, Steindorf K, Urruticoechea A, and May AM
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- Humans, Female, Exercise Therapy methods, Quality of Life, Exercise, Breast Neoplasms therapy, Brain Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: Around 25% of metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients develop brain metastases, which vastly affects their overall survival and quality of life. According to the current clinical guidelines, regular magnetic resonance imaging screening is not recommended unless patients have recognized central nervous system-related symptoms., Patient Presentation: The patient participated in the EFFECT study, a randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of a 9-month structured, individualized and supervised exercise intervention on quality of life, fatigue and other cancer and treatment-related side effects in patients with mBC. She attended the training sessions regularly and was supervised by the same trainer throughout the exercise program. In month 7 of participation, her exercise trainer detected subtle symptoms (e.g., changes in movement pattern, eye movement or balance), which had not been noticed or reported by the patient herself or her family, and which were unlikely to have been detected by the oncologist or other health care providers at that point since symptoms were exercise related. When suspicion of brain metastases was brought to the attention of the oncologist by the exercise trainer, the response was immediate, and led to early detection and treatment of brain metastases., Conclusion and Clinical Implications: The brain metastases of this patient were detected earlier due to the recognition of subtle symptoms detected by her exercise trainer and the trust and rapid action by the clinician. The implementation of physical exercise programs for cancer patients requires well-trained professionals who know how to recognize possible alterations in patients and also, good communication between trainers and the medical team to enable the necessary actions to be taken., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Sports Medicine.)
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- 2023
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15. Physical Activity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Roundtable Statement from the American College of Sports Medicine.
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Stine JG, Long MT, Corey KE, Sallis RE, Allen AM, Armstrong MJ, Conroy DE, Cuthbertson DJ, Duarte-Rojo A, Hallsworth K, Hickman IJ, Kappus MR, Keating SE, Pugh CJA, Rotman Y, Simon TL, Vilar-Gomez E, Wong VW, and Schmitz KH
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- Humans, United States, Quality of Life, Exercise, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease therapy, Sports, Sports Medicine
- Abstract
Abstract: Although physical activity (PA) is crucial in the prevention and clinical management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, most individuals with this chronic disease are inactive and do not achieve recommended amounts of PA. There is a robust and consistent body of evidence highlighting the benefit of participating in regular PA, including a reduction in liver fat and improvement in body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, vascular biology, and health-related quality of life. Importantly, the benefits of regular PA can be seen without clinically significant weight loss. At least 150 min of moderate or 75 min of vigorous intensity PA are recommended weekly for all patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, including those with compensated cirrhosis. If a formal exercise training program is prescribed, aerobic exercise with the addition of resistance training is preferred. In this roundtable document, the benefits of PA are discussed, along with recommendations for 1) PA assessment and screening; 2) how best to advise, counsel, and prescribe regular PA; and 3) when to refer to an exercise specialist., (Copyright © 2023 by the American College of Sports Medicine.)
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- 2023
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16. WISER Survivor Trial: Combined Effect of Exercise and Weight Loss Interventions on Inflammation in Breast Cancer Survivors.
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Sturgeon KM, Brown JC, Sears DD, Sarwer DB, and Schmitz KH
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- Humans, Female, Overweight, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local complications, Obesity complications, C-Reactive Protein analysis, Inflammation, Survivors, Serum Amyloid A Protein analysis, Serum Amyloid A Protein metabolism, Weight Loss, Breast Neoplasms therapy, Breast Neoplasms complications, Cancer Survivors
- Abstract
Purpose: Physical inactivity and obesity increase risk for breast cancer recurrence and cardiovascular death; inflammation is hypothesized to mediate these associations., Methods: In a four-arm randomized controlled trial, 318 breast cancer survivors with overweight or obesity were randomized to exercise alone, weight loss alone, exercise plus weight loss, or control for 12 months. Inflammation outcomes included C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1)., Results: Compared with control, exercise alone increased ICAM-1 (9.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.6-16.9) and VCAM-1 (8.6%; 95% CI = 2.6-14.5) but did not change CRP or SAA. Compared with control, weight loss alone reduced CRP (-35.2%; 95% CI = -49.9 to -20.7), and SAA (-25.6%; 95% CI = -39.8 to -11.9) but did not change ICAM-1 or VCAM-1. Compared with control, exercise plus weight loss reduced CRP (-44.1%; 95% CI = -57.1 to -31.1) and SAA (-26.6%; 95% CI = -40.5 to -12.6) but did not change ICAM-1 or VCAM-1. Among 194 participants with elevated CRP at baseline (e.g., >3 mg·L -1 ), compared with control, weight loss alone (0.17; 95% CI = 0.04-0.30) and exercise plus weight loss (0.31; 95% CI = 0.16-0.46) increased the probability of achieving normal CRP at month 12. In analyses that consolidated randomized groups, body weight and adiposity reductions, but not change in fitness level, correlated with decreased CRP, SAA, and ICAM-1 levels., Conclusions: In breast cancer survivors with overweight or obesity, weight loss or exercise plus weight loss reduced measures of inflammation that are associated with breast cancer recurrence and cardiovascular death., (Copyright © 2022 by the American College of Sports Medicine.)
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- 2023
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17. Moderators of Exercise Effects on Cancer-related Fatigue: A Meta-analysis of Individual Patient Data.
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VAN Vulpen JK, Sweegers MG, Peeters PHM, Courneya KS, Newton RU, Aaronson NK, Jacobsen PB, Galvão DA, Chinapaw MJ, Steindorf K, Irwin ML, Stuiver MM, Hayes S, Griffith KA, Mesters I, Knoop H, Goedendorp MM, Mutrie N, Daley AJ, McConnachie A, Bohus M, Thorsen L, Schulz KH, Short CE, James EL, Plotnikoff RC, Schmidt ME, Ulrich CM, VAN Beurden M, Oldenburg HS, Sonke GS, VAN Harten WH, Schmitz KH, Winters-Stone KM, Velthuis MJ, Taaffe DR, VAN Mechelen W, Kersten MJ, Nollet F, Wenzel J, Wiskemann J, Verdonck-DE Leeuw IM, Brug J, May AM, and Buffart LM
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- Humans, Quality of Life, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Exercise Therapy methods, Fatigue etiology, Fatigue therapy, Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Purpose: Fatigue is a common and potentially disabling symptom in patients with cancer. It can often be effectively reduced by exercise. Yet, effects of exercise interventions might differ across subgroups. We conducted a meta-analysis using individual patient data of randomized controlled trials (RCT) to investigate moderators of exercise intervention effects on cancer-related fatigue., Methods: We used individual patient data from 31 exercise RCT worldwide, representing 4366 patients, of whom 3846 had complete fatigue data. We performed a one-step individual patient data meta-analysis, using linear mixed-effect models to analyze the effects of exercise interventions on fatigue (z score) and to identify demographic, clinical, intervention- and exercise-related moderators. Models were adjusted for baseline fatigue and included a random intercept on study level to account for clustering of patients within studies. We identified potential moderators by testing their interaction with group allocation, using a likelihood ratio test., Results: Exercise interventions had statistically significant beneficial effects on fatigue (β = -0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.22 to -0.12). There was no evidence of moderation by demographic or clinical characteristics. Supervised exercise interventions had significantly larger effects on fatigue than unsupervised exercise interventions (βdifference = -0.18; 95% CI -0.28 to -0.08). Supervised interventions with a duration ≤12 wk showed larger effects on fatigue (β = -0.29; 95% CI, -0.39 to -0.20) than supervised interventions with a longer duration., Conclusions: In this individual patient data meta-analysis, we found statistically significant beneficial effects of exercise interventions on fatigue, irrespective of demographic and clinical characteristics. These findings support a role for exercise, preferably supervised exercise interventions, in clinical practice. Reasons for differential effects in duration require further exploration.
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- 2020
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18. American College of Sports Medicine Roundtable Report on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Cancer Prevention and Control.
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Patel AV, Friedenreich CM, Moore SC, Hayes SC, Silver JK, Campbell KL, Winters-Stone K, Gerber LH, George SM, Fulton JE, Denlinger C, Morris GS, Hue T, Schmitz KH, and Matthews CE
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- Animals, Evidence-Based Medicine, Humans, Neoplasms mortality, Risk Factors, Cancer Survivors, Exercise, Neoplasms prevention & control, Sedentary Behavior
- Abstract
Introduction: The American College of Sports Medicine convened an International Multidisciplinary Roundtable on Exercise and Cancer in March 2018 to evaluate and translate the evidence linking physical activity and cancer prevention, treatment, and control. This article discusses findings from the Roundtable in relation to the biologic and epidemiologic evidence for the role of physical activity in cancer prevention and survival., Results: The evidence supports that there are a number of biologically plausible mechanisms, whereby physical activity can influence cancer risk, and that physical activity is beneficial for the prevention of several types of cancer including breast, colon, endometrial, kidney, bladder, esophageal, and stomach. Minimizing time spent in sedentary behavior may also lower risk of endometrial, colon and lung cancers. Conversely, physical activity is associated with higher risk of melanoma, a serious form of skin cancer. Further, physical activity before and after a cancer diagnosis is also likely to be relevant for improved survival for those diagnosed with breast and colon cancer; with data suggesting that postdiagnosis physical activity provides greater mortality benefits than prediagnosis physical activity., Conclusions: Collectively, there is consistent, compelling evidence that physical activity plays a role in preventing many types of cancer and for improving longevity among cancer survivors, although the evidence related to higher risk of melanoma demonstrates the importance of sun safe practices while being physically active. Together, these findings underscore the importance of physical activity in cancer prevention and control. Fitness and public health professionals and health care providers worldwide are encouraged to spread the message to the general population and cancer survivors to be physically active as their age, abilities, and cancer status will allow.
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- 2019
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19. Exercise Guidelines for Cancer Survivors: Consensus Statement from International Multidisciplinary Roundtable.
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Campbell KL, Winters-Stone KM, Wiskemann J, May AM, Schwartz AL, Courneya KS, Zucker DS, Matthews CE, Ligibel JA, Gerber LH, Morris GS, Patel AV, Hue TF, Perna FM, and Schmitz KH
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- Anxiety prevention & control, Depression prevention & control, Evidence-Based Medicine, Exercise Test, Exercise Therapy adverse effects, Exercise Tolerance, Fatigue prevention & control, Humans, Lymphedema prevention & control, Lymphedema therapy, Physical Fitness, Quality of Life, Cancer Survivors, Exercise
- Abstract
Purpose: The number of cancer survivors worldwide is growing, with over 15.5 million cancer survivors in the United States alone-a figure expected to double in the coming decades. Cancer survivors face unique health challenges as a result of their cancer diagnosis and the impact of treatments on their physical and mental well-being. For example, cancer survivors often experience declines in physical functioning and quality of life while facing an increased risk of cancer recurrence and all-cause mortality compared with persons without cancer. The 2010 American College of Sports Medicine Roundtable was among the first reports to conclude that cancer survivors could safely engage in enough exercise training to improve physical fitness and restore physical functioning, enhance quality of life, and mitigate cancer-related fatigue., Methods: A second Roundtable was convened in 2018 to advance exercise recommendations beyond public health guidelines and toward prescriptive programs specific to cancer type, treatments, and/or outcomes., Results: Overall findings retained the conclusions that exercise training and testing were generally safe for cancer survivors and that every survivor should "avoid inactivity." Enough evidence was available to conclude that specific doses of aerobic, combined aerobic plus resistance training, and/or resistance training could improve common cancer-related health outcomes, including anxiety, depressive symptoms, fatigue, physical functioning, and health-related quality of life. Implications for other outcomes, such as peripheral neuropathy and cognitive functioning, remain uncertain., Conclusions: The proposed recommendations should serve as a guide for the fitness and health care professional working with cancer survivors. More research is needed to fill remaining gaps in knowledge to better serve cancer survivors, as well as fitness and health care professionals, to improve clinical practice.
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- 2019
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20. Cancer-related impairments influence physical activity in uterine cancer survivors.
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Hammer SM, Brown JC, Segal S, Chu CS, and Schmitz KH
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Disability Evaluation, Fatigue etiology, Female, Humans, Leg, Lymphedema etiology, Middle Aged, Pain etiology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Walking, Motor Activity, Survivors, Uterine Neoplasms complications, Uterine Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: The extent to which physical activity (PA) participation among uterine cancer survivors may be limited by physical and functional impairments (PFI) related to cancer treatment is unknown. We sought to describe PA participation, characterize the prevalence of PFI, and examine the association between PFI status and PA participation within this population., Methods: We conducted a study using a mailed survey among uterine cancer survivors who received treatment at a university hospital. We asked about PA and PFI using validated self-report questionnaires. PA was calculated using MET-hours per week (MET·h·wk). PFI was defined as having one or more of the following symptoms: lower limb lymphedema, general pain, fatigue, or severe bladder, bowel, or pelvic issues. Ordinal logistic regression was used to quantify the odds ratio (OR) between PA and PFI., Results: The response rate to our survey was 43%. Among the 213 study participants, 40%, 13%, 13%, 12%, and 23% reported participating in <3.0, 3.0-8.9, 9.0-17.9, 18.0-26.9, and ≥27.0 MET·h·wk of PA, respectively. Walking is the preferred mode of exercise for physically active uterine cancer survivors. Of the survivors, 53% experience at least one PFI. The most common PFI is lower limb lymphedema (36.2%), followed by general pain (22.5%). The OR of PFI decreased as MET-hours per week of PA increased (OR, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.31-0.84; P = 0.009)., Conclusions: The majority of uterine cancer survivors experience PFI that significantly reduce the likelihood of PA participation. PA recommendations for uterine cancer survivors should take into account treatment-related impairments that can affect PA participation.
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- 2014
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21. The prescription or proscription of exercise in colorectal cancer care.
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Brown JC and Schmitz KH
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Young Adult, Colorectal Neoplasms therapy, Exercise Therapy, Guideline Adherence, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Survivors
- Abstract
Purpose: Clinical guidelines recommend that oncologists prescribe exercise to their patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, 84% of oncologists do not prescribe exercise, citing concerns of safety and feasibility. Data are inadequate regarding the proportion of CRC survivors that could be safely prescribed with the dose of exercise recommended by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), American Cancer Society (ACS), or National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) in an unsupervised setting., Methods: We reviewed published guidelines for exercise prescription among cancer survivors and extracted health factors that may necessitate referral to trained personnel (physical therapist or exercise professional) for an individualized exercise program or supervision of exercise as recommended by the ACSM/ACS/NCCN. We applied these health factors to a cohort of nonmetastatic CRC survivors 6 months after completing curative care. The primary outcome was the proportion of CRC survivors to whom oncologists could prescribe unsupervised exercise at the dose recommended by the ACSM/ACS/NCCN., Results: Among 351 CRC survivors, 6 months after curative care, 21%-42% of patients could be prescribed with the dose of exercise recommended by the ACSM/ACS/NCCN. Estimates varied as a function of the inclusion or exclusion of several prevalent comorbid health conditions including hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, obesity, and hyperlipidemia., Conclusions: Our data are consistent with the clinical observation that a large proportion of CRC survivors may be unable to participate in unsupervised exercise 6 months after curative care. These data underscore the need for continued research to clarify the safety and feasibility of prescribing exercise to CRC survivors.
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- 2014
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22. Physical activity and lower limb lymphedema among uterine cancer survivors.
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Brown JC, John GM, Segal S, Chu CS, and Schmitz KH
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Lower Extremity, Lymphedema etiology, Metabolic Equivalent, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Walking physiology, Lymphedema epidemiology, Motor Activity physiology, Uterine Neoplasms complications
- Abstract
Purpose: Physical activity (PA) is known to provide physical and mental health benefits to uterine cancer survivors. However, it is unknown if PA is associated with lower limb lymphedema (LLL), an accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the lower limbs. Therefore, we sought to examine the association between PA and LLL in uterine cancer survivors, with a focus on walking., Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using mailed surveys among uterine cancer survivors who received care at a university-based cancer center. We asked about PA, walking, and LLL symptoms using validated self-report questionnaires. PA was calculated using MET-hours per week, and walking was calculated using blocks per day., Results: The response rate to our survey was 43%. Among the 213 uterine cancer survivors in our survey, 36% were classified as having LLL. Compared with participants who reported <3 MET · h · wk of PA, participants who reported ≥ 18.0 MET · h · wk of PA had an odds ratio of LLL of 0.32 (95% confidence interval, 0.15-0.69; P trend = 0.003). Stratified analyses suggested the association between PA and LLL existed only among women with body mass index (BMI) <30 kg · m (P trend = 0.007) compared with women with BMI ≥ 30 kg · m (P trend = 0.47). Compared with participants who reported <4.0 blocks per day of walking, participants who reported ≥ 12 blocks per day of walking had an odds ratio of LLL of 0.19 (95% confidence interval, 0.09-0.43; P trend < 0.0001). Stratified analyses suggested the association between walking and LLL was similar among women with BMI <30 kg · m (P trend = 0.007) and women with BMI ≥ 30 kg · m (P trend = 0.03)., Conclusion: Participation in higher levels of PA or walking is associated with reduced proportions of LLL in dose-response fashion. These findings should be interpreted as preliminary and should be investigated in future studies.
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- 2013
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23. Sixteen weeks of exercise reduces C-reactive protein levels in young women.
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Arikawa AY, Thomas W, Schmitz KH, and Kurzer MS
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- Adiponectin blood, Adolescent, Adult, Body Fat Distribution, Female, Humans, Leptin blood, Obesity blood, Serum Amyloid A Protein analysis, Young Adult, C-Reactive Protein analysis, Exercise
- Abstract
Purpose: Regular exercise has been shown to protect against breast cancer risk, and one possible mechanism is through a reduction in inflammation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 16 wk of aerobic exercise training on adipokines and inflammatory markers in healthy young women., Methods: Participants were 319 sedentary women aged 18-30 yr, with body mass index of 18-40 kg · m, randomized to an exercise intervention or no exercise for approximately 16 wk. Adiponectin, leptin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and amyloid A (AA) were measured at baseline and after 16 wk. Adiponectin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and AA, CRP, and leptin were measured by multiplex bead array assays., Results: Exercise significantly decreased CRP levels in the exercise group compared with the control group (-1.41 mg · L in exercisers vs -0.005 mg · L in controls, P = 0.040), and this effect was largely driven by changes in CRP that occurred in the obese exercisers. There was no effect of exercise on levels of SAA, adiponectin, or leptin. There was also no effect of exercise on stress and depression scores. Neither change in percent body fat nor change in fitness influenced the effects of exercise on these inflammatory markers., Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a 16-wk aerobic exercise program significantly decreased levels of CRP in young women, especially in those who were obese. There was no evidence that this effect was mediated by changes in perceived stress, percent body fat, or fitness. These findings suggest that adopting an exercise routine early in life may decrease future risk of breast cancer and other chronic diseases in obese women.
- Published
- 2011
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24. American College of Sports Medicine roundtable on exercise guidelines for cancer survivors.
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Schmitz KH, Courneya KS, Matthews C, Demark-Wahnefried W, Galvão DA, Pinto BM, Irwin ML, Wolin KY, Segal RJ, Lucia A, Schneider CM, von Gruenigen VE, and Schwartz AL
- Subjects
- Evidence-Based Medicine, Exercise Therapy methods, Female, Humans, Male, Survivors, Exercise Therapy standards, Neoplasms rehabilitation, Practice Guidelines as Topic
- Abstract
Early detection and improved treatments for cancer have resulted in roughly 12 million survivors alive in the United States today. This growing population faces unique challenges from their disease and treatments, including risk for recurrent cancer, other chronic diseases, and persistent adverse effects on physical functioning and quality of life. Historically, clinicians advised cancer patients to rest and to avoid activity; however, emerging research on exercise has challenged this recommendation. To this end, a roundtable was convened by American College of Sports Medicine to distill the literature on the safety and efficacy of exercise training during and after adjuvant cancer therapy and to provide guidelines. The roundtable concluded that exercise training is safe during and after cancer treatments and results in improvements in physical functioning, quality of life, and cancer-related fatigue in several cancer survivor groups. Implications for disease outcomes and survival are still unknown. Nevertheless, the benefits to physical functioning and quality of life are sufficient for the recommendation that cancer survivors follow the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, with specific exercise programming adaptations based on disease and treatment-related adverse effects. The advice to "avoid inactivity," even in cancer patients with existing disease or undergoing difficult treatments, is likely helpful.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Comparison of two approaches to structured physical activity surveys for adolescents.
- Author
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McMurray RG, Ring KB, Treuth MS, Welk GJ, Pate RR, Schmitz KH, Pickrel JL, Gonzalez V, Almedia MJ, Young DR, and Sallis JF
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Recall, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity and Specificity, Adolescent Behavior, Exercise, Health Surveys, Physical Fitness
- Abstract
Purpose: To compare the test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and overall feasibility/ usability of activity-based (AB) and time-based (TB) approaches for obtaining self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from adolescents., Methods: Adolescents (206 females and 114 males) completed two 3-d physical activity recalls using the AB and TB surveys, which contained identical lists of physical activities. The participants wore an MTI Actigraph accelerometer for the same period., Results: The TB instrument took about 3 min longer to complete (P = 0.022). Overall 2-d test-retest correlations for MVPA were similar for the two surveys (r = 0.676 and 0.667), but the girls had higher reliability on the AB survey than the boys (girls: r = 0.713; boys: r = 0.568). The overall 3-d correlations for MVPA surveys and Actigraph counts varied by gender (girls: AB = 0.265 vs TB = 0.314; boys: AB = 0.340 vs TB = 0.277). Correlations for vigorous physical activity and Actigraph counts were higher for the AB than for the TB (r = 0.281 vs 0.162). As the interval between completing the surveys and the days being recalled increased, reliability and validity were lower, especially for the AB survey., Conclusion: For both genders, either approach is acceptable for obtaining MVPA information on a single day, but the TB approach appears to be slightly favored over the AB approach for obtaining multiple days of MVPA. A 3-d recall period appears to be too long for accurate recall of MVPA information from either instrument. For both genders, the surveys overestimated activity levels; thus, self-reports should be supplemented with objective data.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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