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The author argues that the U.S. military is becoming increasingly strained by its commitments in Iraq and Afghanistan, thereby limiting the ability of America to threaten rogue states with military action and fight the war on terror. Inside the Pentagon, there is a growing realization that fighting two wars with overlapping time frames, the doctrine to which the United States has committed itself for the last eleven years, is now nearly impossible. [B]acking up diplomacy with the credible threat of force is the coin of the realm for U.S. foreign policy, especially as the United States carries out a global war against terrorism. More important, if the Bush doctrine is to be taken seriously, it is now conceivable--for the first time since the cold war--that the United States might actually have to fight multiple wars simultaneously. The strains the war on terrorism has placed on the post-cold-war military are, at this point, well-documented. The truth is that, had war actually broken out in Korea over the past year, there would have been precious few American troops to fight there. The Pentagon's doctrine "didn't anticipate the world we've lived in since nine-eleven," says defense expert Thomas Donnelly of the American Enterprise Institute. "And it certainly didn't anticipate keeping a commitment of one hundred thousand troops in Iraq for years." Nobody, not even Rumsfeld, denies that the U.S. military is greatly strained by Iraq. Yet, as Rumsfeld has argued on many occasions, the strain is only short-term--a "spike" that will subside once the U.S. commitment in Iraq wanes. But the U.S. military will have significant obligations in Iraq and Afghanistan for years.

This article discusses border policy in the United States with specific focus on the U.S.-Mexico border. The Border Patrol's Laredo sector--one of nine along the southwest frontier--considers this Texas outpost, 15 miles from Mexico on the major artery from South and Central America into the U.S. heartland, its "major defense" against unauthorized alien penetrations. Despite a historic buildup of forces on America's southwest border--the number of agents has nearly tripled in a decade, and budgets have multiplied even faster--there has been no appreciable decrease in the number of illegal migrants entering the country. Although, according to an investigation by the Associated Press, not a single terrorist suspect has been apprehended on the U.S.-Mexican border in the years since September 11, 2001, we plainly need to patrol our southern frontier. Prodded by the deaths and by the way newly elected Mexican President Vicente Fox was engaging the White House, pro-immigration Democrats and Republicans, business lobbies, labor unions, and immigrant advocates suddenly got serious about trying to work out a bipartisan solution. Although Bush is never going to accept a plan that puts all temporary workers automatically on the road to citizenship, as reform advocates once hoped, Democrats can widen the path--whether by adding green cards or creating some other mechanism. Admittedly, success would come with a heavy political cost, giving the president a big victory in what may be a close election year.

Reports that, through passivity or, more often, active opposition, United States President George W. Bush has repeatedly stifled efforts to strengthen domestic safeguards against further terrorist attacks. As a consequence, homeland security remains perilously deficient. Bush vetoed several specific (and relatively cost-effective) measures proposed by Congress that would have addressed critical national vulnerabilities. Bush's record on homeland security ought to be considered a scandal. The notion of a once-unsteady Bush transformed by September 11 is also a central theme of the president's supporters. the most striking thing about the Bush administration's behavior in this new era is the degree to which the president has clung to his pre-September 11 priorities--foremost among them, slashing taxes--even to the detriment of girding the nation against terrorism. The disturbing truth is that Bush's domestic agenda has not only made the nation less prosperous and less fair, it has also made it less safe. The list of improvements Bush declined to fund for nuclear facilities in the U.S. included more secure barriers and fences, computer improvements to defend against hackers, equipment to detect explosives in packages and vehicles entering department sites, and a reduction in the overall number of sites that store bomb-grade plutonium and uranium.

Reports on the percentage rate of annual federal budget that goes to people over the age of 65 in the U.S. Information on the considerable resources for a ferocious fight to protect Medicare; Arguments in the perpetuation of a massive entitlements system; Improvement in the elderly's standard of living; Increase in Social Security benefits and their protection from erosion by inflation; Provision of national health insurance.

Focuses on the U.S. Congressional debate between Republicans and Democrats over budget issues as of May 1995. Budget priorities of President Bill Clinton; Percentage of spending represented by anti-poverty programs in 1994; Implementation of the so called pork-barrel projects; Categories of government subsidies; Information on the 1991 Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act; Discussion on achieving a balanced budget.

Features U.S. Senator Fred Thompson (R-Tenn.). Views on the defeat of the balanced budget amendment to the Constitution in the U.S. Senate in 1995; Similarities of Thompson with former U.S. President Ronald Reagan; Information on the relationship formed by Thompson with voters during his campaign.

Comments on First Lady Hillary Clinton's views on the health care crisis in the U.S. in 1993. Tough decisions recommended by Clinton to remedy the health care crisis; Health care reform initiatives started by the Clinton administration; Confines of the administration's task force on healthcare reform; Information on the book "Serious and Unstable Condition: Financing America's Health Care," by Henry Aaron; Complain about the Oregon plan that it rationed health care only below the poverty line; Support of budget caps within the administration's health care task force.

Addresses the issue of the federal budget deficit faced by the U.S. Effect of the deficit on President George Bush's election campaign; Amount of the country's budget deficit; Reasons behind politicians' indifference to deficits; Proposals made by Bush to solve the problem of the budget deficit.

Examines the defense policy of the United States. Background on wars won by the U.S.; Reasons for the need to review the American defense strategy; Proposed defense budget and model armed forces.

Focuses on the strategy adopted by the oil companies in order to manipulate American public opinion and foreign policy on the Middle East. Report that individuals and elite academic institutions have received $4,000,000 to promote pro-Arab understanding; Attitude of Americans towards Israel; Information on the Aramco program that constitute a violation of the Foreign Agents Registration Act; Role of Aramco to manipulate American opinion on the Middle East; Report that the chairmen of Exxon, SoCal, Texaco and Mobil approved plans for the capital budget; Reason behind the formation of Aramco; Report that American oil companies obtained the right to pump and sell Saudi oil.

Profiles Charles Z. Wick, director of the International Communications Agency. Educational background of Wick; Support provided by Wick to U.S. President Ronald Reagan in raising funds for his political campaign; Attention given by Wick to real estate and the entertainment industry; Formation of a group, Coalition for a New Beginning, by Wick to promote the Administration's budget cuts to the public; Identity crisis faced by the International Communications Agency which renamed itself as the United States Information Agency.

Focuses on the proposals by U.S. President Ronald Reagan that the states would take full responsibility for food stamps and welfare of the people and the U.S. administration would take complete charge of medical aid. Assurance by the President that the move is not directed to deprive the poor but just an attempt to slow down the rate of federal spending; Emphasis on the need to redirect resources towards social programs for those who need them; Adoption of the doctrine of social welfare; Reduction of the grants in aid to the states; Views that if the budget cuts and social program transfers are adopted, if tax reductions go fully into effect as scheduled, and if the defense budget increases are approved, it will take a generation to reorder sufficient taxes and revenues to return the nation to a more generous social policy.

Focuses on the criticism of the budget presented by the U.S. Dept. of Management and Budget as proposed by the United States administration under President Ronald Reagan. Views that the budget is devoid of any rationale; Explanation of the vast deficits presented in the budget in several ways, namely the anomalies, the real economy, the gimmicks and the policy reductions; Description of the ways; Reference to previous budgets to study the improbabilities in the current budget; Views that if growth or inflation falls, so do revenues.

Focuses on the budget presented by U.S. President Ronald Reagan for the current year and the response of people towards it. Opposition of the conservative economists of the American Enterprise Institute and liberal co-religionists to the budget; Problems related to deficits that are projected in the budget; Observation that a deficit financed by money creation will have persistent inflationary consequences; Effect of recession on spending and prices; Continuation of the monetary policy will have a deeply damaging effect on the international financial system.

Presents information on the conference arranged by the Hoover Institute in the triumph of the tax revolt and to plan the final assault on the welfare state. Aim of the event, titled "Constraining Federal Taxing and Spending," to bring together about 70 of the leading tax limitation activists and scholars; Acceptance by the public of the dogma that inflation is caused by unbalanced budgets.

Presents an insight into the profile of the U.S. Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Acknowledgement that Moynihan took his first political job in 1955 as an aide to New York Governor Averell Harriman; Criticism of liberal domestic policies by Moynihan; Information that he favors reducing the size and scope of government, balancing the budget, slashing taxes and rebuilding the military; Observation that Moynihan's most successful fight with the Reagan administration was over cuts in Social Security; Comment that Moynihan envisions the Reagan administration as a great era of tax reform; Reference to the report "The Negro Family: The Case for National Action," written by Moynihan.

Presents information on various developments taking place in the field of performing arts in the U.S. Announcement by U.S. President Ronald Reagan for a 50 percent cut in the budgets of the U.S. National Endowment for the Arts and the U.S. National Endowment for the Humanities; Appointment of a White House Task Force on the Arts and Humanities to come up with suggestions over the summer on ways to increase private support.

Comments on politics and budget in the U.S. Information about American Enterprise Institute, which was started in 1974 by a founder of the John Birch Society; Comment on a study prepared for the Republican National Committee which has suggested that it should finance a television show; Virtue of Romans; Comment on the connection between the free market and civil or political liberty.

Focuses on U.S. President Ronald Reagan's policy on the Secret Service, an agency of the Treasury Department. Speculation about Reagan's announcement of the reduction in Secret Service's budget and personnel; Information on the working of the Secret Service; View that the money spent on Secret Service protection doesn't protect lives so much as it protects egos, and traditional habits of campaigning.

Presents information on the economic scenario prevailing in the U.S. Note on tax-based incentive schemes; Opinion that increase in interest rates and reduction in monetary growth will make way for another recession; Information that the current rate of inflation has more to do with cost-push pressures and external events than with excessive total demands for goods and services; View that a truly balanced federal budget would moderate inflation only slightly; Assumption that unless the cost of living is somehow controlled in the next few months, a series of 1979 labor contracts will be negotiated at highly inflationary rates.

Profiles U.S. legislator John Kasich. Factors which contributed to his popularity; Stance of Kasich on tax cuts; Opposition of the politician to corporate welfare; Role of Kasich in developing the budget for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1995; Proposal of Kasich which would affect the spending programs that benefit low-income earners.

Relates how Franklin D. Raines, director of the U.S. Office of Management and Budget under the administration of U.S. President Bill Clinton, succeed in the field of politics. Manner in which he solved the issue of racism for the 2000 Census; Extent of his political capabilities; Strength of his ties to Clinton; Personal background of Raines.

Features Republican political economist Jude Wanniski. Usefulness of his supply-side economics theory; Abandonment of his political views by his fellow conservatives and the Republican Party; His support for Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan; Influence of his theories on budget balancing.

Profiles Michael Stanley Dukakis, Governor of Massachusetts. Personality of the Governor; Details of the education and career background of Dukakis; Effect of the economic policy announced and executed by Dukakis; Information on the first annual budget submitted by Dukakis asking for $700 million in new income and sales taxes; Remarks of careless nature have caused Dukakis plenty of trouble, despite a calculating image he tends to shoot. INSET: Staff Addition.

The article presents information on the U.S. politics. As a campaigner, riding a wave of popular revulsion against wartime urgencies and stringencies, Richard Nixon had gained a series of impressive victories. Then came the ebb tide, and in 1954 he found himself for the first time playing a lead in a more turgid drama. As the 1952 crusade lost momentum the outlook for the Republicans had turned equivocal. Disillusionment set in; there was dissatisfaction over continuing budget deficits; over high taxes; over the business recession; over the evident fact that the General had not worked miracles and the no less evident refusal of the Cold War to go away.

The article focuses on issues related to the U.S. economy. There has now been time for the Congress and the citizens to reflect upon the President's State of the Union Message, Budget Message and Economic Report. Thus far, although critics of the U.S. administration's accent on retrenchment in the space age are profoundly disturbed, they have yet to offer an adequate alternative course of action. However, the President insists that programs directed toward these ends would be inflationary, would reduce the purchasing power of the dollar, and would do more harm than good.

This article offers world news briefs. U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower announced that he would offer a $77 billion balanced budget with protection of the dollar. Discussions about whether the United States will withdraw from the Geneva, Switzerland talks is mentioned. U.S. Senator John Foster Dulles professed that the division of Germany cannot be continued without great peril to the U.S.

The article presents information on the aspect of industrialization and farm production in China. The Chinese growth margin is particularly noteworthy in agriculture, which claimed 33 percent of India's public investment resources but only about seven percent of China's (the Chinese figures apply to 1953-55, which included two comparatively poor harvest years, 1953 and 1954). Yet at the same time, the rates of industrial growth in China seem to compare quite favorably The New Republic to be raised by 126.5 percent and that of consumers' with Soviet rates based on the 1928 to 1932 period. The Chinese Communist program as primarily power-oriented--adopted a policy of what may be termed high-pressure signed to maximize the rate at which internal control is gradualism.

The article discusses slump in economy as a result of recession and economic programs to balance it. If an annual rate of output of about three hundred and ninety billion dollars is achieved in the fourth quarter of the year, it would be sufficient to achieve full employment, by taking up excess unemployment, providing jobs for a growing labor force and absorbing further productivity gains. In a democracy, fortunately, the people determine the priorities of needs and the speed at which they are met freely. Nonetheless, it is useful to set forth some of the most pressing of these needs and to outline programs to meet them which are also consistent with restoring full employment. These programs are discussed in terms of their effect upon the conventional Federal Budget.

The article discusses the economic conditions of the U.S. The United States now possesses an immense reservoir of idle men and other productive strength, pleading to be used to meet the needs. Between now and the end of this year, Americans can bring more than 2.5 million unemployed and new workers, the most skilled and productive in the world, into the stream of usefulness. Americans can, without inflationary strain, expand their total output for 1955 at least 6 percent above 1954, and by the fourth quarter of this year lift it to about 8 percent, or about $30 billion at an annual rate, above current levels. If Americans unsheathe fully the great non-secret weapon of their economic strength, they can more adequately and more easily serve their domestic needs and world responsibilities and also balance the Federal Budget.

This article presents news including the deceptive appearance of United States President Richard Nixon on April 30, 1973, which follows the Watergate scandal, the lack of support by outside government agencies for reform in the private pension system, which includes programs such as welfare and life insurance, and the contest between Capitol Hilland the White House to see which administration can project the best image as a cost-cutter and revenue-saver.

Comments on the United States' defense budget under the administration of President Richard Nixon. Increase in defense procurement; Controversial navy projects that are getting a boost in the fiscal budget; Budget allocated for defense research and development; Appropriations for the Army; Defense spending, such as the purchase of the Sparrow; Army's request for funds for equipment to replace the materials turned over to South Vietnam; Budget message of Nixon.

This article presents news including the formation of American and Chinese diplomatic offices in both the United States and the People's Republic of China, and evaluation of the corporate and personal fortunes that rise and fall with the budget plan set by the President of the United States, and the fiscal crises of state governments, which is a result of revenue-sharing during the summer of 1972.

Focuses on the budget proposal of President Richard Nixon to cut federal spending in the United States. Views on the energy crisis as supported by the budget; Report that the Atomic Energy Commission is increasing its research on civilian power reactor development; Information on the increase of expenditures on the energy crisis by the Interior Department; Actions of the Federal Aviation Administration; Increase in the special funding for drug abuse prevention; Planning of the National Science Foundation to increase its spending on research applied to national needs; View that the President has forcefully attacked the federal subsidies for agricultural commodities and the new budget shows an increase in payments under the Sugar Act; Report that in his budget message, the President was critical of Congress' extravagance.

This article presents news including arguments over the duty of mass media outlets such as television and media to present the public opinion, U.S. President Richard Nixon's desire that the American people become more financially self-reliant, and President Nixon's views on the amount of paychecks from American workers that are being handed over for taxes.

This article presents news including the innocent understanding of economy that United States President Richard Nixon has shown in his budget message to the U.S. Congress, The Economic Opportunity Act and poverty lawyers in America dealing with mundane domestic issues, and the risk of women conducting abortions and the moral and ethical issues that surround the procedure.

This article presents news including the reason why United States President Richard Nixon has cut $6 billion out of an anti-pollution bill that was passed in Congress, the appointment of Democrat Robert S. Strauss and Republican George H. Bush to the top levels in their political parties, and introduces Roy L. Ash, the director of the Office of Management and Budget.

Discusses U.S. Secretary of Defense Melvin R. Laird's report to Congress outlining the country's defense program and budget for fiscal year 1971. Relation of the transitional budget to the possibility of arms control; His report on progress with the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT); Four overriding needs defined by Laird his review of national security; Program to replace multiple, independently targeted, reentry vehicles (MIRVs) on the Minuteman and Poseidon missiles; His position on the threat of a Soviet first-strike.

Focuses on the effort of Republican Richard D. McCarthy in exposing contradictions between the U.S. government's public statement and secret efforts on the production of chemical and biological weapons (CBW). Information on the budgetary expenditure of the U.S. on manufacturing these weapons in the late 1960s; Location of industrial and military installations producing CBW; Findings of the Foreign Affairs Committee on the gas shipment inquiry.

Opposes the economic proposals of U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater and his economic adviser Milton Friedman of the University of Chicago. Themes of the Goldwater-Friedman economic program; Claim that Goldwater accepts fluctuations in business activity and in the balance of the federal budget; Suggestion that Friedman supports monetary policy instead of imposing fiscal measures; Refutation of Goldwater's proposal to reduce all federal income tax liabilities; Assessment of the size of the budget of the federal government.

Comments on the tax program proposed by U.S. President John F. Kennedy. Efficiency of the program in terms of stimulating the economic growth; Discussion on the cost of the tax program; Proposition of federal spending on education, health and public works; Reformation and modernization of the federal budget, to put it on a basis comparable to modern governments; Reduction in unemployment as a consequence of the Kennedy tax program.

Examines the challenges facing the administration of Republican Governor William W. Scranton in Pennsylvania. Political condition of the state as of February 1963; Problem of Scranton regarding the prevalence of distrust on the government; Economic condition of Pennsylvania; Importance of increasing the budget of the state.

Looks at the U.S. economy and suggests ways for improvement as of January 1963. Pattern of the U.S. economic activity; Rate of U.S. economic growth using the computation for underdeveloped countries; Implications of the U.S. economic stagnation; Extent of unemployment in the U.S.; Public needs that have to be met in order to stimulate economy and sustain economic growth; Considerations in balancing the U.S. budget; Significance of long-term economic planning.

Presents an interview with U.S. journalist Walter Lippmann. Information that the balance of forces between East and West has shifted somewhat in favor of the West; Focus on the biggest change that occurred in American-Russian relationship; Mention of the Marshall Plan and Foreign Aid; Need for reduction in direct taxes on income and corporations; Reasons for the conduct of a fiscal policy; Mention of the endurable limits of direct taxation.

The article profiles Ezekial Emanuel, a bioethicist and senior official at the U.S. Office of Management and Budget. Among other issues the article mentions the fact that Ezekial Emanuel is the brother of Rahm Emanuel, the chief of staff to U.S. president Barack Obama, and Ari Emanuel, a theatrical agent.

This article discusses veteran reactions to the Bush administration's provisions for war veterans in the federal budget. Each February, after the president's budget is unveiled, a coalition of four veterans' groups--Veterans of Foreign Wars, AMVETS, Disabled American Veterans, and Paralyzed Veterans of America--releases a critique of the administration's spending priorities for vets. For months, Democrats have been salivating over the prospect that the anger of veterans' groups, the frustration of military families whose loved ones are away on extended troop rotations, and even the discontent of the troops themselves have combined to create a perfect storm of opportunity for Kerry(John Kerry) to win a large chunk of the military vote. Logistically, it's difficult to survey troops serving abroad, and, historically, exit polls at home haven't asked questions about military service. But Kerry advisers and outside academics who study the armed services divide the military vote up into four basic categories--current servicemembers, reservists and National Guard members, military families, and veterans--each with a varying degree of potential for the Democratic nominee this year. Finally, Kerry championed many of the entitlement issues veterans have been calling for in recent years--none more important than his call to remove veterans' health care from the discretionary budget process entirely and make annual VA budgets mandatory.

This article examines current Republican thinking and doctrine concerning government spending and the federal deficit. To trace the Republican Party's evolving view of the deficit during the Bush years, one need only turn to the editorials of The Wall Street Journal. New entitlements account for 13 percent, and, with the Medicare benefit projected to grow, that share will increase over time. But, rather than tackle these areas of spending--or address the elephant in the living room, the president's tax cuts, which account for 55 percent of the" cost" of legislation under Bush (more on this later)--conservatives have focused the brunt of their fiscal wrath upon a relatively small and innocuous slice of the federal budget called domestic discretionary spending. It makes up a still smaller 3 percent of the total cost of legislation passed under Bush, and its impact on the budget pales beside the tax cuts. Since Bush only got his initial tax cuts by dismissing debt reduction and then pooh-poohing deficits as small and temporary, no wonder there wasn't any public demand for taking a chainsaw to the federal budget.

Want to know why Gray Davis may soon become only the second governor in United States history to be popularly removed from office? One reason may be California's $38 billion deficit. And, while governors in other states are not about to be recalled, many other state budgets are troubled--48 of the 50 are currently in the red. The problem, many insist, is a lack of federal largesse. In fiscal 2002, Washington gave $412 billion to the states, more than it spent on defense, while running a $158 billion deficit. State and city government employment has increased in the past decade as federal government employment has declined. No one likes tax increases, but reducing federal contributions to the states, while revamping the system so that state and local taxes rise while federal taxes fall, would be attractive on several levels. Many U.S. presidents--Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush--were governors who ran against Washington while boasting of how well they administered their own state's fiscal houses.

Comments on the economic policies and budget stand of the administration of U.S. President George W. Bush. Factors that President Bush blamed for the existence of budget deficits; Economic strategy developed in the first year of the administration of former U.S. President Bill Clinton which the Bush administration criticizes; Claim that the Bush administration is denying the premise that deficits affect interest rates.

Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues. "He Ain't Heavy," which analyzed the federal funding system in Florida; "Private School," which discussed the state of the U.S. federal budget.