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The article discusses the economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic in the U.S., and suggests strategies on how the country can rebuild its economy after the health emergency. Also cited are the possible scenarios during the reopening of the economy, the potential challenges to be faced by Joe Biden if he wins the November 2020 presidential election, and the proposals in achieving a Medicare for All program.

The article focuses on the emergence of new economic approach with the economic policy of the administration of U.S. President Joseph Biden as reflected in the debate between former economic adviser Lawrence Summers and Jared Bernstein of the Council of Economic Advisers in 2021. Topics discussed include the criticism of the policy by Summers, emphasis of the labor economists of Biden on workers, and the concern of Bernstein on the impact of an inflation on the policy.

The article examines Chinese concern about economic policies within the U.S. With a significant amount of their national funds invested in the U.S. government, Chinese officials are interested to see how legislation and government policies within the nation will bolster U.S. creditworthiness. The author discusses a meeting between U.S. Office of Management and Budget director Peter Orszag and Chinese bureaucrats that focused on the progression of health care reform.

Presents the author's view on the changes to the American social security system proposed by U.S. President George W. Bush. Review of comments made by Bush during his Republican nomination acceptance speech; View that Bush is proposing an ownership society and changes to Social Security that would shift the risks and costs of the system onto the workers most disadvantaged by the social and economic shifts of the last generation; Suggestion that the major domestic challenge of the twenty-first century is to give workers economic security in a transformed world; View that Republican plans for tackling insecurity continually promise one thing and do another.

Examines the history of liberalism in the U.S. in an attempt to put the plight of present-day liberalism in perspective. Structural factors underlying why recent Democratic presidents, including Jimmy Carter and Bill Clinton, failed to enact liberal programs, whereas past Democrats, like Dwight Eisenhower and Richard Nixon, were successful; Franklin D. Roosevelt's definition of himself as a liberal, making him the first U.S. president to do so; Basis of Roosevelt's liberalism, which included the Wilsonian belief that a strong government was needed to regulate a complex civilization and the Jacksonian belief in economic equality. INSET: 'Liberal' enters the American political lexicon, thanks to TNR..

Criticizes the tax cut policies of United States President George W. Bush, which are characterized as being regressive and harmful to the U.S. economy. In 2003, federal income tax revenue as a share of the economy is projected to fall to its lowest level since 1943. Yet Bush has not proposed raising taxes down the line, or even freezing future tax cuts, but rather is cutting them even more. Just like Bush, former President Ronald Reagan used his first year in office to enact a series of tax cuts tilted toward the well-off that helped plunge the nation into debt. Indeed, Bush--who cut taxes in 2001 and 2002 (a "stimulus" tax cut consisting mainly of business incentives and forgotten by nearly everyone) and is certain to cut them again this year--intends to cut taxes every year he remains in office.There must be some theoretical limit to this administration's desire to cut taxes for the affluent. But there's no sign we have come anywhere near that point. In keeping with its past behavior, the administration has concocted a series of public defenses for its tax cut that bear no relation to its actual purposes. There is, first of all, the usual attempt to put a populist face on a regressive measure. The Bush administration has hit upon another tactic to sell the dividend-tax repeal: Pitch it as a tax cut for the elderly. In order to pump some money into the economy today, it would require hundreds of billions of dollars in long-term revenue loss that will take place long after the economy has recovered. Understanding why this theory is wrong doesn't take a deep familiarity with economic research, just a bit of common sense.

Presents information on the economic policy of the administration of U.S. President George Bush in 1990. Information on the new taxes adopted by the government; Views of economic experts on economic policies to deal with the budget deficit; Implications on the U.S. economy; Details of a letter released by the Democratic Study Group to Speaker Foley signed by 134 members saying that new taxes placing a further burden on families rather than the very wealthy will not receive support within the Democratic caucus and should not be supported by House negotiators.

Discusses ways to help create a dynamic American economy under the leadership of President Ronald Reagan. Problems associated with the structural changes in the U.S. economy; Comparison with the economic conditions in West Germany, France and Sweden; How the employment vouchers program works; Implementation of a human capital tax credit and community investment tax deduction; Creation of social investment accounting and regional development banks; Mechanics of pension fund and development investments; Creation of a national industrial board and applied research centers.

The article discusses the economic conditions of the U.S. The United States now possesses an immense reservoir of idle men and other productive strength, pleading to be used to meet the needs. Between now and the end of this year, Americans can bring more than 2.5 million unemployed and new workers, the most skilled and productive in the world, into the stream of usefulness. Americans can, without inflationary strain, expand their total output for 1955 at least 6 percent above 1954, and by the fourth quarter of this year lift it to about 8 percent, or about $30 billion at an annual rate, above current levels. If Americans unsheathe fully the great non-secret weapon of their economic strength, they can more adequately and more easily serve their domestic needs and world responsibilities and also balance the Federal Budget.

Opposes the economic proposals of U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater and his economic adviser Milton Friedman of the University of Chicago. Themes of the Goldwater-Friedman economic program; Claim that Goldwater accepts fluctuations in business activity and in the balance of the federal budget; Suggestion that Friedman supports monetary policy instead of imposing fiscal measures; Refutation of Goldwater's proposal to reduce all federal income tax liabilities; Assessment of the size of the budget of the federal government.

Focuses on the economic and political policies adopted by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to advance economic recovery and social welfare in form of the New Deal. Solution for farm problems by curtailing crop production through the Agricultural adjustment Act; significance of National Industrial Act for the development of the New Deal; Reaction of the Democratic Party to the New Deal proposal of Roosevelt; Establishment of labor movement in politics through the New Deal.

The article discusses the economic policy of the U.S. Government. The economic philosophy of the Republican Party is being translated into reality, rapidly and efficiently. The antitrust laws are under review by men who are expected to recommend changes allowing encouraging increased concentration of economic power. The U.S. Federal Trade Commission authorized to find and prosecute violations of antitrust laws has a new chief who has gouged out its eyes and is chopping its arms. The U.S. Department of Commerce includes a new section, the Business and Defense Services Administration where businessmen paid by their firms, will come to administer the government's accelerated tax amortization, plant expansion, stockpile buying and materials allocations programs.

Comments on key issues and developments relevant to politics and legislation in the U.S. Controversies over the Garner relief bill; Effects of a deflationary policy pursued by the bankers and by the administration; Issues on the endorsement of Norman Thomas for President of the League for Independent Political Action; Senate investigation of the operations of the Reconstruction Finance Corp.; Refusal of the Commissioner of Labor Statistics, Ethelbert Stewart to falsify the facts of an investigation in the interest of the administration.

Discusses whether the Soviet Union's economic policies can be implemented effectively in the United States. Comparison between economic policies and political conditions of both countries; Elements in which similarities occur between the Russian and American economy; Advantage of having the State Planning Commission in the Soviet union economy; Dependence of local planning, decentralized administration and central planning organization in the Soviet Union; Development of the banking system in the Soviet economy; Revision and preparation of financial plan from time to time in the Soviet Union; Plan for selling policy to allow a factory a profit at standard efficiency; Means of increasing purchasing power according to production increase in the Soviet Union.

Presents an account on a projected conference called by the members of the U.S. Senate to discuss the economic and political problems that are affecting the welfare of citizens of the U.S. Analysis of the statement given by legislators from both the parties in the U.S.; Requirement to assess the core issue related to the problems to achieve lasting reform in the country; Suggestions regarding the policies of the new political movement; Significance of friendly international relations for upliftment of industries in the country.

The article discusses the actions of the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the U.S. Federal Reserve during the 2008 U.S. financial crisis. Topics include the relation of Treasury Department investment in the mortgage lending firms Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the legality of the use of the Exchange Stabilization Fund and the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), and public opinion about government responses to financial crises.

The article discusses the position of the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama in late 2009 with regard to the U.S. economy. The challenge facing Obama is described, noting that the U.S. population wants the national debt to be reduced at the same time as reducing unemployment figures. The difficulty of accomplishing both at the same time is discussed, noting the likelihood that additional stimulus spending would be counteracted by reduced consumer spending and higher interest rates.

Analyzes tax reform policies proposed by U.S. President George W. Bush. Details of historical tax legislation, including the Tax Reform Act of 1986; Discussion of the impact of the 1986 legislation; Formulation of a five-step process of tax reform plan by Bush allies; Goals of the tax plan proposed by Bush; Criticism for the implication of the plan.

The article examines the influence of budget deficits on the outcome of political campaigns. Anyone who thinks deficits don't matter to voters should look at the recently concluded Oklahoma Senate race. In Washington, the victory of Republican Tom Coburn over Democrat Brad Carson has been viewed through the prism of Coburn's extreme cultural conservatism. In the primary, Coburn ran largely on a promise to cut pork-barrel spending and push a balanced-budget amendment. It's a lesson Democrats should take to heart--and place at the center of their congressional agenda over the next two years. Nationwide polls show that Oklahomans aren't alone in their concern with the deficit. Not only do Americans understand what the deficit is, they want to see it reduced. Of course, success in talking about the deficit is all a matter of how you frame it--people know deficits are bad, but they won't vote on them without prompting. That's why the Democrats need not only the right policies and rhetoric, but also party unity and consistency.

Comments on the tax policy advocated by the administration of U.S. President George W. Bush. Implications of the tax cuts implemented by the Bush administration; Case against the dividend tax; Influence of the work by economist Michael Palumbo on the economic policy of the administration; Concerns over the effects of the tax cuts on consumption and the value of stocks.

Comments on the economic policies and budget stand of the administration of U.S. President George W. Bush. Factors that President Bush blamed for the existence of budget deficits; Economic strategy developed in the first year of the administration of former U.S. President Bill Clinton which the Bush administration criticizes; Claim that the Bush administration is denying the premise that deficits affect interest rates.

Focuses on the attitude of the U.S. government under President George W. Bush towards world economy. How foreign policy has changed since his father former President George Bush's time to his administration; Focus on the U.S. economic policy and its economic relationships with Japan; Views of Paul O'Neill, secretary of the Treasury on the government's relationships with Japan; View that if the Bush administration's takes as long to figure out Japan as the Clinton administration took to figure out the Balkans, the United States could have a serious financial crisis.

Focuses on the Democratic Party's development of alternatives to economic and foreign policies by the government under the leadership of President Ronald Reagan. Consensus among the Democrats to focus on providing employment to the people; Favoring large-scale expenditures to restore the country's infrastructure; Criticism of the party's agenda which allegedly focuses on tax and spending; Impact of the growth in number of Democratic economists like Robert B. Reich and Daniel Yergin; Ways to preserve industries.

Reports on U.S. President Ronald Reagan's proposed legislation aimed at establishing urban enterprising zones in the country. Offering of tax breaks and regulatory concessions to businesses to persuade them to relocate or expand; Role of Mayor William Schaefer in promoting sustained government involvement; Other benefits offered to businesses offered by the Enterprise Zone Tax Act of 1982; Problems by small-businesses in the country; Supporters of the proposed enterprise zones.

Presents information on the economic program designed by U.S. President Ronald Reagan. Example cited of a 14th-century Arab sociologist-historian named Ibn Khaldun by Reagan; Recognition of the fact that "Muqaddima" authored by Ibn Khaldun is the greatest work of its kind ever created; Impact of Ibn Khaldun on Reagan's ideology; Reaction of Orientalist, Islamicist, Arabist, Maghrebist, and Ottomanist in the country to the example given by Reagan.

Presents information on the probable impact of the coming recession upon African Americans. Reports of CBS News, Time magazine, and, the New York Times Magazine on the economic condition of the African Americans; View that majority of the African Americans have moved up into the middle class; Impact of Richard Nixon's, former U.S. President, economic and social policies on the economic progress of the African Americans; Effect of recessions on the African American unemployment rate.

The author points out the need for Democrats to change the way they talk about economy. Topics discussed include U.S. President Donald Trump's promises to create jobs, the need for Democrats to promise a good job for every American who wants one in order to win the elections and the Center for American Progress' (CAP) proposal that highlights a key benefit to a jobs guarantee.

Argues that the proposal by Arthur Okun and Walter Heller that the federal government have a hand in the process of private price-setting and wage-setting in order to control inflation in the United States. Observation that incomes policies have failed in Europe; Danger that the public will begin to believe that the wage increase of the automobile workers or the price of copper cause inflation.

Present an update on governmental activities in the U.S. amidst the projected presentation of reform programs by U.S. President Harry S. Truman in front of the eighty-first U.S. Congress. Reflection on President Truman's plans regarding legislations on issues of direct concern to U.S. citizens; Principles of commitment made by Truman to the Federal government regarding the economic policy of the country through his economic report; Efforts made by the liberal majority of the U.S. Congress in carrying through Truman's programs; Jobs to be performed by Dean Acheson elected to the post of Secretary of State and James Webb elected as Undersecretary; Comment on the reorganization of the State Department by Truman.

Focuses on the problems associated with international cartels to operate within countries where monopolies cannot control the domestic market particularly and role of the U.S. in solving the problems. Measures suggested to overcome the problems relating to the cartels; Necessity to enforce the existing anti-trust laws by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration; Need to devise effective means of regulation to support legislation and actions in courts; Importance of holding patents of German origin companies after the World War II; Requirement for the government to retain some of the plants established during the war to ensure full employment and fair prices; Urgency to install democratic planning in the country; Suggestion for establishment of an international agency to stabilize world trade; Proposal for an investment bank or world reconstruction finance cooperation.

Presents information on economic policy of the U.S. Demand for stable production; Importance of full employment and a fair distribution of income; Promotion of private enterprises to turn the fortunes of the country; Failure of the private enterprises of late in investing new productive equipment to keep production and employment expanding; Importance of maintaining interests of individual consumers and consuming nations; Impact of the failure of the private enterprises to invest in new productive equipment; Opinion on foreign investment.

Focuses on the economic strategies of the U.S. government during the World War II. Discussion about regulation, control and planning as apart of economic strategies; Effect of the war economy on agriculture and the farming community; Dependence of economic strategy on fiscal and planning strategies; Analysis of anti-trust laws and policies of Thurman Arnold, Assistant Attorney General in the Anti-Trust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice; Problems associated with the anti-trust campaign after the U.S. moved into a war economy; Necessity to deal with the structure of industrial obstruction formed by the combination of corporate interests, Congressmen and press mercenaries during the post-war period.

Focuses on the industrial expansion program in the U.S. Information two schools of economic thoughts: Keynesian economics and the theory of monopolistic competition, discovered by the economists Apostle Chamberlin and Joan Robinson; Demonstration by economist Louis Bean which shows that even if industrial activity expands as rapidly as the most optimistic can expect, 1940 will still find with two-thirds as many unemployed in cities as today; View that a concerted program of expansion is definitely laid out in advance by the major heavy industries, and underwritten by the government; View that the programs of expansion for each participating industry would need to cover not only the projected increase in production and employment, but also commitments as to wages and price changes; Statistical analysis of the United States Steel Corp.; View that economic planning need not mean regimentation either of producer or of consumer; Problems of the industrial expansion program; Report that the proposal for a concerted and balanced expansion of industrial activity under public leadership is one which many economists have been talking of for years; Reference to the book "Jobs for All"; Report that voices are beginning to speak out for forceful action by democracy now-not action by-and-by; View that the actual job of working out a balanced program of expansion, even for a few major industries, would be one of tremendous problems and infinite ramifications.

Provides some insights into economic trends and developments in the U.S. during 1928 focusing on the practice of economic forecasting. Aspects of industrial and economic development; Predictors of business growth and business cycles; Factors influencing prices, industrial production, wages, labor conditions, income levels, foreign trade and relevant policies; Indications of economic conditions and related policy.

Presents information on the international credit position of the United States. View of the author that Americans were already rich in capital but the industrial opportunities of the country were so numerous that their own capital did not suffice for their exploitation; Fact that Americans drew capital from all western Europe, mainly through the British market; Effect of the World War I on the economic conditions of the country; Discussion of the report issued by the Farmers' Loan and Trust Co. of New York regarding the progress of the U.S. foreign investments since the War; Reasons as to why it is desirable that the country should not become permanently involved in extensive foreign investments.

Presents information on the revision of taxation policy in the U.S. Warning to Andrew William Mellon, Secretary of the Treasury, not to consider any suggestion for tax revision; Criticism of Mellon because of his proposal to reduce the maximum surtax rate from fifty percent to twenty-five percent; Comments on the rate of surtaxes; Demand for a change in the method of raising revenue which shall reduce prices; Impact of tariff on the price level; Criticism of the Mellon proposal as it fails to reduce the taxes which are shifted entirely to the consumers; Report of the Comptroller of the Currency showing earnings of national banks for the year ended on June 30, 1923; Analysis of the earnings of banks of different regions in the U.S.; View that reduction of surtaxes will relieve the people east of the Mississippi River of several hundred million dollars of tax payments to the federal government; Support for reduction in tariffs as it will increase the purchasing power of the consumers.

Provides some insights into protectionism in the U.S. in 1918. Changes in American tariff policy; Fiscal and economic conditions in the country; Effects of international organization and economic relations; Industrial protection; Indications for foreign relations and economic.

Reports that businessmen in the United States do not want the government to use the war as a pretext for introducing fiscal reforms and other innovations. Expediting the organization for war by an assurance that each new authority sought for the government is sought temporarily; England's solution to the problem of dealing with labor in a war situation by trying to forget that there is social conflict when mobilization started; Effects on war on various industries.

Focuses on the taxation tyranny associated with farmers and agricultural allied industries in the U.S. Decline in agricultural income in the country during depression years; Estimation by the U.S. Bureau of Internal Revenue of percentage of profits paid in taxes by farmers and the allied industries; Relief from the tax crisis due to pressure for the government economy; Suggestion for readjusting the tax burden as a permanent measure for the problem; Proposal for progressive taxes on income, profits and estate in order to provide relief from property taxes; Advantage of lower property taxes and higher income taxes for agriculture.

Focuses on the conference on "Economic Policy for American Agriculture," held under the auspices of the University of Chicago, Illinois. Report that with aim of providing a solution on the farm crisis, the conference was attended by persons in key positions in government service, state agricultural colleges or the like; Debate on the role of the experts in formulating a policy; Conclusions of the conference; Proposal for an agricultural policy which links the necessary agencies to implement it; Need for a desirable collaboration between the experts and the practical men which results in unanimous approval; Information on the long range measures of planning machinery by M.J. Tolley, author of the plan; View that there is a need for collective engineering to serve agriculture and any other element in the national economic life.

Evaluates the book entitled "Business Adrift," by the dean of the Harvard Business School Wallace Brett Donham. Requirement of planning for the economic growth; Objectives to be achieved by the industry for its survival; Statement of the theory of economic foresight by Donham; Estimates of the economic future of the U.S. by Donham; Observations on foreign trade; Criticism of the shortcomings of Donham's analysis regarding work provision by the government and the vague concept of industrial planning.

The article looks at politics and government in the U.S. as of 1929, focusing on geographic, industrial, and partisan divisions over tariff policy. It says that the Republican Party is split over the issue, citing Republican politicians including U.S. Senators George H. Moses, Reed Smoot, and Joseph R. Grundy. It expresses the view that the U.S. economic sectors experiencing the most rapid growth and development, including automobiles, steel, and finance, do not stand to benefit significantlty from protectionist trade policies, noting that their business model involves using greater efficiency to lower costs and prices.

Presents an update on recent socio-political developments in the U.S. Ongoing activities in the U.S. Navy concerning the revelations regarding Navy officer Ruth Hatch Shearer; Comments on tariff provisions in the related law given by the Trade Commission of the U.S.; Criticism of the acts of U.S. Senator Hiram Bingham of Connecticut related to the hiring of the assistant of the president of the Manufacturer's Association of Connecticut; Opinion of the journal regarding the Shearer revelations.

Focuses on the inability of the U.S. government to solve the problem of unemployment in spite of the implication of the New Deal policies. Provision of the statistics of unemployed by the American Federation of Labor; Comparison of the employment status of the last year with this year; Labor statement that the buying power of workers should keep pace with the growth of production; Description of standard of living of employees.

A reprint is provided of the article "Factor Finders," by Jonathan Chait, which appeared in the February 28, 2005 issue. It discusses the differences between U.S. conservatives and liberals in their reliance on empirical facts in devising government economic policies. An overview of the former President George W. Bush's economic policy plans to privatize Social Security and cut taxes is provided.

In this article the author examines whether banking operations in the U.S. would change as a result of the partnership between the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama and Paul Volcker, former U.S. Federal Reserve chairman. Article topics include the impact that the elimination of proprietary trading would have on banks, implementing a size cap for banks, and the four largest U.S. banks' ownership of the global market.

The article analyzes Social Security reform policies in the U.S. Up until now, the media has portrayed the debate on Social Security as a toss-up between a number of vastly different privatization plans--from those requiring deep cuts in benefits to those that promise painless reform by relying on hazy financing--any one of which could carry the day.The obvious sticking point in privatizing Social Security is how you finance the transition from the current system--in which today's workers fund the benefits of today's retirees--to a system in which workers save partly for their own retirement as well. The problem is that any dollar you divert to fund private accounts is one less dollar available to pay for what remains of the existing system. So the burden is on privatization advocates to explain where they will get the money to bridge the gap. Privatization advocates like to argue that, having now been through three consecutive elections in which candidates--not least of them the president--ran on privatization and won, Republicans have proved the "third-rail" status of Social Security to be a thing of the past and paved the way for more honest reform.

The author argues that one good economic quarter does not mean that U.S. President George W. Bush's tax cuts have been effective in bringing about an economic recovery. When the news broke last week that the economy had grown at a 7.2 percent annual rate last quarter, it didn't take long for President Bush and his supporters to spring into action. "The tax relief we passed is working," gloated the president in an Ohio speech. "Democrats won't give Bush credit for gains," accused a Washington Times headline. At this point, it's worth recalling what us "naysayers" actually said. First, we protested that Bush's 2001 tax cut, and the two that followed, were highly regressive. Certainly nothing has happened to weaken this case. Second, we predicted the tax cuts would leave the government strapped at a time when it needed to prepare for the baby-boomer retirement. With deficits projected to total $5 trillion over the next decade, I'd say we've been vindicated on this point. And, finally, we argued that, in the long run, higher debt would harm the economy. By "the long run," I should note, we didn't mean "the third quarter of 2003." Alas, it was inevitable that the first quarter of rapid growth, whenever it came, would bring demands that tax-cut critics repent. Yet it's not as if Bush has brought about a particularly fast recovery. The debate wasn't over whether the tax cut would boost the economy; it was over how best to do so. The tax cuts are buying relatively little gain considering their enormous price.

Presents news briefs related to United States politics and government as of February 10, 2003. Efforts of supporters of President George W. Bush's tax cut proposal to convince people that U.S. taxpayers will receive an average $1000 tax cut, which they will not; Decision of the Bush administration to stop relying on ten-year budget surplus projections, which is considered herein too late to aid the U.S. economy, which has declined since he was elected; Use of liberal rhetoric by Bush to defend his conservative health care agenda during the 2003 State of the Union speech; Others.

Claims that the administration of U.S. President George W. Bush is repeating its mistakes by linking its legislative efforts to the stock markets in 2002. Failure of the passage of corporate-reform legislation to boost stock markets; Evidence which points out that Bush thinks corporate scandals are primarily an ethical problem and not a legal one; Strategy adopted by Republicans to counter criticisms from Democrats against the economic policy of the administration.