1. Syringic acid from Tamarix aucheriana possesses antimitogenic and chemo-sensitizing activities in human colorectal cancer cells.
- Author
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Abaza MS, Al-Attiyah R, Bhardwaj R, Abbadi G, Koyippally M, and Afzal M
- Subjects
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors adverse effects, Angiogenesis Inhibitors isolation & purification, Angiogenesis Inhibitors pharmacology, Antimitotic Agents adverse effects, Antimitotic Agents isolation & purification, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic adverse effects, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic isolation & purification, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic pharmacology, Apoptosis drug effects, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Movement drug effects, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Colorectal Neoplasms enzymology, Colorectal Neoplasms metabolism, Ethnopharmacology, Gallic Acid adverse effects, Gallic Acid isolation & purification, Gallic Acid pharmacology, Humans, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Kuwait, Medicine, Traditional, Neoplasm Proteins antagonists & inhibitors, Neoplasm Proteins metabolism, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex chemistry, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex metabolism, Proteasome Inhibitors adverse effects, Proteasome Inhibitors isolation & purification, Proteasome Inhibitors pharmacology, Transcription Factor RelA antagonists & inhibitors, Transcription Factor RelA metabolism, Antimitotic Agents pharmacology, Colorectal Neoplasms drug therapy, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm drug effects, Gallic Acid analogs & derivatives, Mitosis drug effects, Plant Components, Aerial chemistry, Tamaricaceae chemistry
- Abstract
Context: For its variety of biological activities, Tamarix aucheriana (Decne.) Baum. (Tamaricaceae) has an extensive history as a traditional Arab medicine., Objectives: Antimitogenic and chemo-sensitizing activities of syringic acid (SA) were studied against human colorectal cancer., Materials and Methods: Chromatographic and spectral data were used for the isolation and identification of SA. MTT, flow cytometry, in vitro invasion and angiogenesis assays, fluoremetry, ELISA and Real Time qPCR were used to test antimitogenic and chemo-sensitizing activities of SA, cell cycle, apoptosis, proteasome and NFκB-DNA-binding activities, cancer cell invasion and angiogenesis, and expression of cell cycle/apoptosis-related genes., Results: SA showed a time- and dose-dependent (IC₅₀ = 0.95-1.2 mg mL⁻¹) antimitogenic effect against cancer cells with little cytotoxicity on normal fibroblasts (≤20%). SA-altered cell cycle (S/G2-M or G1/G2-M phases) in a time-dependent manner, induced apoptosis, inhibited DNA-binding activity of NFκB (p ≤ 0.0001), chymotrypsin-like/PGPH (peptidyl-glutamyl peptide-hydrolyzing) (p ≤ 0.0001) and the trypsin-like (p ≤ 0.002) activities of 26S proteasome and angiogenesis. SA also differentially sensitized cancer cells to standard chemotherapies with a marked increase in their sensitivity to camptothecin (500-fold), 5FU (20,000-fold), doxorubicin (210-fold), taxol (3134-fold), vinblastine (1000-fold), vincristine (130-fold) and amsacrine (107-fold) compared to standard drugs alone., Discussion: SA exerted its chemotherapeutic and chemo-sensitizing effects through an array of mechanisms including cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, inhibition of cell proliferation, cell migration, angiogenesis, NFκB DNA-binding and proteasome activities., Conclusion: These results demonstrate the potential of SA as an antimitogenic and chemo-sensitizing agent for human colorectal cancer.
- Published
- 2013
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