Search

Background and aims: The purpose of the study is to assess the concentrations of spexin (SPX) and other specific biochemical parameters, subsequently spexin (SPX) gene polymorphisms among south Indian healthy controls and in T2DM and T2DM +HTN patient's blood samples, which were selected according to certain inclusion and exclusion criteria. Material and method: Named and kit methods are used for the evaluation of spexin, biochemical parameters, and for spexin (SPX) gene polymorphism. Results: In this prospective study, spexin concentration is a negatively associated biomarker, and elevated levels of glucose, insulin resistance, liver enzymes, and inflammation are independently associated with assessing the diabetic and arterial hypertension disease states. The SPX gene sequencing illustrates exon mutation in the 6th position and no polymorphism is detected in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th exons. Whereas intronic mutations are observed in the 3rd and 5th positions. Furthermore, heterogeneous mutations are observed in the 8th and 13th samples. Samples 10 and 14 showed homozygous of -42G>A mutation in exon 6. Samples 11, 12, 18, 19, 21, and 22 showed a heterozygous mutation (-42G>R) in the intron that is present 5' to the exon 6. There is a deletion mutation in the acceptor site of the intron present 5' to the exon 4. Conclusion: This is the first study reporting an association between spexin gene polymorphisms and the levels of spexin peptides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease associated with periodontal diseases. Research conducted over more than a decade proves a bidirectional relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease. This study compares the periodontal status, dental caries and salivary pH in diabetics with non-diabetics. Materials and methods: About 100 subjects participated in the study. 50 subjects each were included in group I (control group), group II (test group). Periodontal status (assessed by Russel's index), salivary pH, dental caries of all patients were evaluated. Statistical analysis was done using a student t-test. Results: The mean periodontal status in group I was 0.32, whereas 3.78 in group II. There was a statistically significant increase in Russel's index in group II. The mean salivary pH in group I was 7.42, in group II it was 6.44 indicating a statistically significant decrease in salivary pH in the diabetic group. The mean DMFT index in group I was 1.68 whereas in group II it was 7.06. This shows a statistically significant increase in DMFT score in the test group. Conclusion: Diabetic patients seem to have poor periodontal status, reduced salivary pH, increased dental caries than controls. This strengthens the hypothesis that hyperglycemia worsens oral health of diabetic individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Inflammatory processes provoke the synthesis of various acute-phase proteins like C-reactive protein (CRP) in the liver and orchestrate a predominant role in the development of insulin resistance. Against this backdrop, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the association of inflammatory markers, glycated hemoglobin, and circulating lipids with microvascular complications in type 2 DM patients. Material and Methods: Prospective hospital-based longitudinal study was conducted with 384 patients to complete the study. The metabolic profiles were measured at baseline, 3rd month (review I), 6th month (review II), and at 12th month (review III). Lipid profiles were measured at baseline. CRP was measured at baseline, 6th month and at 12th month. Results: The recruited patients were followed for three reviews. Blood sugar level, HbA1c, and CRP were significantly decreased when compared to baseline. In this study baseline, CRP showed a positive correlation with baseline sugar levels, LDL, total cholesterol, renal parameters except for VLDL and a strong negative correlation with baseline HDL and ankle-brachial index but no significant correlation was observed with cardiac autonomic neuropathy and vibration perception threshold. Conclusion: This study concluded that due to effective pharmacotherapy the CRP level and the metabolic profiles were reduced after 12 months of follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]