1. Post-ischemic treatment with toki-shakuyaku-san (tang-gui-shao-yao-san) prevents the impairment of spatial memory induced by repeated cerebral ischemia in rats
- Author
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Katsunori Iwasaki, Keiichi Irie, Yuki Akiyoshi, Kiyo Iwasaki, Izzettin Hatip-Al-Khatib, Kazunori Sano, Kenichi Mishima, An Xin Liu, Kouji Kurauchi, Michihiro Fujiwara, Fengling Pu, Daisuke Ishibashi, and Nobuaki Egashira
- Subjects
Male ,genetic structures ,Paeonia ,Brain Ischemia ,Chinese drug ,medicinal plant ,Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor ,rank sum test ,Spatial memory impairment ,rat ,AMPA receptor ,rat strain ,toki shakuyaku san ,Receptor ,Angelica ,Neurons ,TUNEL assay ,Cell Death ,messenger RNA ,Porfia cocos extract ,article ,Glutamate receptor ,Atractylodes lancea ,memory disorder ,General Medicine ,Cerebral ischemia ,spatial memory ,unclassified drug ,multiinfarct dementia ,Neuroprotective Agents ,cnidium officinale extract ,Alisma orientale extract ,Anesthesia ,plant extract ,Alisma ,neuroprotection ,tang gui shao yao san ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neuronal death ,animal experiment ,nick end labeling ,Ischemia ,Cnidium ,Neuroprotection ,animal tissue ,Paeonia lactiflora ,reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ,Student t test ,Internal medicine ,cnidium officinale ,medicine ,Animals ,maze test ,RNA, Messenger ,Receptors, AMPA ,Rats, Wistar ,Alisma orientale ,Maze Learning ,nerve cell lesion ,Paeonia lactiflora extract ,nonhuman ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,nerve cell necrosis ,business.industry ,animal model ,angelica acutiloba ,Antagonist ,Atractylodes ,Atractylodes extract ,Angelica acutiloba extract ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,Disease Models, Animal ,Endocrinology ,Toki-shakuyaku-san ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,receptor subunit ,business ,Porfia cocos ,Drugs, Chinese Herbal - Abstract
Previously we have reported that Toki-shakuyaku-san (TSS) ameliorated the impairment of spatial memory induced by single cerebral ischemia (1 × 10 minutes) and scopolamine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist. In this experiment, we studied the effect of TSS on repeated cerebral ischemia (2 × 10 minutes, 1-hour interval) induced impairment of spatial memory and neuronal injury in rats. The 8-day post-ischemic treatment with TSS (30-300 mg/kg) was administered p.o. once per day. TSS dose-dependently prevented the impairment of spatial memory, neuronal death and TUNEL positive cells induced by repeated cerebral ischemia. In order to determine the mechanism of TSS, we also studied the effect of TSS on GluR2 mRNA, one of the glutamate ?-amino-3- hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole (AMPA) receptor subunits. Repeated cerebral ischemia significantly decreased GluR2 flop mRNA at 1 and 3 days after the occlusion. TSS (300 mg/kg) significantly suppressed the decrease in GluR2 flop at 3 days after repeated cerebral ischemia. These results suggested that the TSS has neuroprotective action which may be indirectly mediated by the AMPA receptor, and TSS may be beneficial for the treatment of cerebrovascular dementia. © 2005 World Scientific Publishing Company. Institute for Advanced Research in Asian Science and Medicine.
- Published
- 2005