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The Holy Quran is a central religious text of Islam. Muslims were engaged from an early period in the preservation of the Quran through memorization of it and handwritten materials as well. In its initial stage of existence there were no printing machines so people prepare their copies of the holy book in the form of hand-written form. Due to Muslim's deep attachment to the text of the holy book the tradition of hand-written Mushafs still exists in Muslim societies. In the history of the Sub-continent of Indo-Pak, we find many personalities who wrote or copied the holy Quran in their distinctive style, hafiz Alpuri is one of them. Hafiz Abdul Samad known as Hafiz Alpuri, is buried in the Alpuri village of Shangla district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Hafiz Alpuri has left behind a diwan (Collection) of poetry and a handwritten copy of the Holy Quran. This Mushaf is kept by his descendants. Researchers and Quran lovers from all over Pakistan come to visit it. This research paper consists of an introduction of Hafiz Alpuri and an introductory and analytical review of his manuscripts. The paper, ink, writing style, symbols used in this unique manuscript, and the information contained in it, etc. have been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hadith Collection is the best form of the sayings of Holy Prophet SAW. Among this collection, Sunan by Imam AbuDawood is the key figure to explicit the sayings of the Prophet in Fiqhi Manner. The traditions in Sunan Abu Dawood are divided in three categories. The first category consists of those of the traditions that are mentioned by Bukhari and/or Muslim. Imam Abu Dawood compiled this book with a great struggle to search and edit the hadith in it. This book has been edited on Fiqhi sequence. To compile the book, Imam Abu Dawood exerted his major part of life. He categorized various Tabaqat on the basis of JarahoTadeel. He also used contemplated words in his collection. While narrating hadith, he also elaborated the difference during channel of transmitters, continued the sequence of abrogating hadith prior to abrogated ones, elucidated fiqhi quotes and deduced benefits from these very sayings, If there is the individual or major difference of opinion he also tried to furnish it with examples. He got the hadith(s) from the great scholars of his era like Imam Ahmed, Imam Shafee, Imam Bukhari, Ali bin Madeeni etc. He narrated the hadith(s) from his teachers and senior ones and conveyed to his disciples. This very method is called "AKHZ-OTAHDEES". The present research paper will highlight various principles of hadith with unique quoted examples, Imam Abu Dawood has formulated for hadith compilation. His methodology of compiling hadith (s), narrators, text and transmitters have been explored in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an endeavour to study the formation of the national state of Afghanistan that brought a significant change in the traditional authority pattern of Afghans. It can be observed that, with the project of State-building, marginal ethnic and religious elements gradually gained a considerable position in national politics. Amir Abdur Rahman (r.1880-1901) is considered the founder of the modern State of Afghanistan. He attempted to establish an authoritative central government in Afghanistan- a land of powerful independent Pashtun tribes under their tribal chiefs. This paper explores how the Afghan monarchy reduced the autonomy of these influential tribal chiefs. What was the nature of their reforms and how much religion was given a space in the socio-political and constitutional reforms and how these reforms influenced various segments of Afghans. We shall also analyse the role of religion in the establishment of modern Afghanistan. It has often been argued that Afghan rulers utilize religion to minimize the authority of tribal chiefs. This act created a space for religious scholars which ultimately culminated in the emergence of religious elites in the national politics of Afghanistan. A meticulous effort has been made to investigate how the constitutional and educational reforms shaped the role of mullahs in national politics and the extent to which their role was variant from their traditional character in Afghan society. Moreover, it will be discussed how the legal reforms of Afghan rulers broaden the horizon of religious class in the judiciary and educational institutions. This paper also briefly examines the factors which remained a hindrance in the development of Afghan national identity and in the formation of the Afghan central government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The joint contract is that the contractors agree on combining multiple contracts into one, for example, al-baye (selling), ijarah (rent), hebah (gift), wakalah (agency) dain (debt) atc, it may be combined in one contract in a situation which cannot be separated. It is possible for transactions to be combined into one on the basis of immediate or conditional and sometimes it may be combined into one organized contract which has different parts and phases and these parts can't be separated. This paper will focus on whether it is permissible for all these different contracts to be into one or not. If it is permissible so which type is allowed and which type is not? What are the rules and regulations of a right and wrong combined transaction, respectively? Besides this, the paper will explore the opinions of classical jurists of Islam on the issue and their relevance to current financial matters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The religion Islam is comprehensive and deals in various spheres of life including worship, and individual and communal affairs. The essential peculiarity of this religion is to make beneficiary to each stakeholder and avoid exploitation, especially in economic affairs. 'Trade' is the fundamental component of social life for which each and every Mohaddis and Juriprudent has substantiated this issue in the concerned literature. The present research papers deal with two main components: Inequality or abrogation of matters (fasad) that is created in trade; what are the principles and views for which that particular matter is abrogated. What is the status of those improper agreements and the proposed impacts in life? Keeping in view both these points a neutral doctrine will be established that will be easy to be implemented. This research deals with the dishonesty of agreements, and their consequences though this agreement is not accomplished. Unapproved possessions in business dealings, the right of selling, and the condition of abrogation of selling agreements. The present research paper deals with various components that contaminate business matters and presents research analysis by presenting various quotes from jurisprudents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prepositions pose major problems during translation. The use of prepositions is often difficult to be translated exactly. The paper studies the English translation of prepositions of the Quran while highlighting the diverse implications that a solo proposition might have. Further, the study designed to identify the complications concerning prepositions, the study investigates the connotation of a preposition in constructing different shades of meaning. In specific, the study looks at the meaning of a specific preposition to achieve accuracy in the purified meaning upon the selection of a preposition from the source to the target language. The present study emphasizes the translation of the prepositions in general and those of the Holy Quran in particular. In doing so, the paper has looked into two of the translations of the Holy Quran: Marmaduke Pickthall and Mohammad Asad. The study has found that a proposition could be translated into one of five ways i.e.: either be translated literally or by an alternative preposition or swapped by a noun or by a verb or omitted. The study has also highlighted the role a verb plays in the kind of preposition to be utilized. Finally, the research has focused on the need to counsel the accessible analyses of the Holy Quran to decide the import of the refrain being referred to and the unique significance of the relational word utilized; and subsequently, select the suitable comparable to the recommendation to be interpreted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crime Prevention comprises strategies and measures that seek to reduce the risk of crimes occurring, and their potentially harmful effects on individuals and society, including fear of crime, by intervening to influence their multiple causes. Well-planned crime prevention strategies not only prevent crime and victimization but also contribute to sustainable development. Muhammad (PBUH) as a Prophet of Allah and Statesman, established the first Islamic State in Madinah. Madinah was a dynamic and working society that evolved Shariah rule that ensure peace and prosperity with a special focus on strategies of crime prevention. This paper essentially provides an in-depth understanding of these strategies and their relevance to Muslim societies of the post-modern era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a comparative study of two important and pioneer commentaries of the Holy Quran, one of them is the commentary of AllamaJarullahZamkhshri and the second one is the commentary of Ibn e Attia, Both of the interpreter are considered authority in this regard and it is interesting to know that both of them were live in the same era. In this research paper the study has focused on the methodology of both authors regarding description and explanation the issues related to the basic faiths and principals of Islam due to their affiliation with different school of thoughts in this regard, as zamakhshari represent "Muttazilat" a well-known school of thought in the field of "Ilm-ul-Kalaam"(philosophy) which is fully dependent upon ration and logic while Ibn e Attia is the representative of Ahl-e_Sunnat who admitted the superiority of revelation and divine direction concerned to the issues of faith, therefore both of the commentaries represents different school of thoughts. I have tried to explain in this research paper the method and stance of commentators regarding; relevant issues and as stated in their school of thoughts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explain the nature of tafsir Ishari and it various classification. Describing the historical development of this particular genre, it has been attempted to introduce the basic principles of tafsir Ishari mentioned in the significant tafsir literature. Many early tafasir of this kind are cited to establish the argument that the tafsir Ishari is not contradictory to the tafsir that is based on the Prophetic traditions. This paper is based on the authentic source of the subiject and provides valuable information to a reader for better understanding of the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sufism has multiple dimensions ranging from theological and ideological to social and ethical. This paper aims to study these various dimensions of Sufism. The leading Sufis explained and amalgamated all these dimensions in their teachings. We have discussed the historical, theoretical, theological, and socio-ethical dimensions of Sufism in this study. The early sources have been consulted for collecting basic information while the secondary sources are used for analytical assessment. This paper helps to understand the scope of Sufism and its multiple dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Al-Milal wa al-Nihal, a dignified piece of writing by Shahrastani. It serves as his introduction to the field of Ilm-al-Kalam (Muslim Dialectical Theology). This paper aims to highlight Shahrastani's methodologies on the five Jewish schisms and their shortcomings. Shahrastani's primary goals in writing about non-Islamic religions were in line with the objectives of the modern western approaches to the comparative study of religion. Shahastani maintained objectivity while discussing five Jewish traditions. As a pioneer in the field of comparative religion, he established proper canons for the narration of different religious traditions. His study of Judaism is based on readings from their sacred texts. The distinctions of his methodology are academic language, content arrangement and correct information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are conflicting reports regarding the role of the Mughal emperor Jalal ud-Din Akbar (d.1556-1605). It is argued that he endeavored for the establishment of peace and tolerance in a pluralistic Indian society while the others criticized him for his perennialistic approach for religious and social cohesion. Contrary to these assumptions, it has been established in this paper that Akbar was instrumental in creating a space for non-Muslims to consolidate his authority that was the need of any pluralist society. He married with Hindu Rajkumari and appointed many Hindus on significant positions. All of these steps shows his careful socio-religious policy of government. The present paper helps us in understanding the Akbarian period from this unique perspective that has been always analyzed in theological and religious dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to study Ahadis that Al-Imam Al-Daraqutni has mentioned in his book " Al-Afraad wa Al-Gharaaib" as At-tafarrud whereas they are defective due to its persistence in later periods. Hidden defects of the Hadith is one of the highly esteemed knowledge that few scholars had studied, of them, is Al-Imam Al-Daraqutni. It has a prominent role in the preservation of the Sunnah of Muhammad (peace be upon him), as mistakes of some narrators were hidden and considered authentic mistakenly. Al-Daraqutni wrote the book "Al-Afraad wa Al-Gharaib", and compiled Ahadith of individuals and oddities. He explained strangeness and the subject of exclusivity or conflict. It is a major source for (acknowledgment of) hidden defects of hadith. The research is done practically and critically by collecting the defected ahadith and studying it according to the methodology of scholars. It consists of an Introduction to Al-Daraqutni and his book, At-tafarrud its divisions and ruling. The first section explains taffaurd i.e. rejected by scholars due to its persistence in later periods and its regulations. The second section proves the practical implementation of these ahadith through examples from the book. In conclusion, important results from research are mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and his family, is known for his rhetoric used in his sermons. Some of his sermons were short while the others are extended. The Prophet's sermons are consisted upon various topics in which he exhorts people to think about the universe, it's Creator. He also addresses their social and moral problems and guides the audience regarding intellechral, theological and ideological discussions in a simplistic style. The common denominator that distinguishes these short and long speeches is the power of their influence in the hearts of listeners. The speeches of the Prophet Muhammad - may Allah bless him-are unique due to the usage of excellent proper usage of literary words. This paper highlights the characteristics of his speeches and literary value of his sermons in Arabic Language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preaching is an act that is obligatory for the Muslim ummah collectively. However, the fulfilment of this duty is a diverse and multi-faceted program. The methods of preaching vary according to the socio-cultural traditions of places and nations. Qurā'n guides us in this regard and provides us precedents that how to spread the message in diverse and different environment. This article focuses on the preaching method of the Prophet Yūsuf as a model in the light of Qurā'n. This model guides the preachers who face difficult situation and different environment. This model told us that even at the time of extreme difficulties one can succeed in spreading the message of Allah. This article describes that with faith and trust in God, the slavery turned to dominance. This paper also focuses on the principles derived from the methods of preaching of the Prophet Yūsuf as recorded in the Qurā'n. It also analyzes that how the abovementioned methods of preaching can be fruitful in contemporary period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mosque occupies central position in muslim society regarding development of ethics and morality. Mosques are source of identification for the Muslims. Mosques have been used as worship pleces along with schooling, court and as a center of culhrral activities. The poets of Urdu language have also reflected on the topic of mosque. In this article the researcher has reviewed the poems of Jagan Nath Azad and Khawar Jelani where Jamia Masjid Dehli has mentioned specifically."Jamia Masjid ki Dehli" and "Dehli ki Jamia Masjid" are poems of Jagan Nath Azad and Khawar Jilani respectively. Both poets present two different narratives in terms of subject, style. The poem of Jagan Nath Azad is in the six lined stanza appearance and more in proximity in style with Allama Iqbla's poem "Masjide-Qartaba". According to Jagan Nath Azad, a world of thought is hidden in the each brick of Jamia Masjid of Dehli and this mosque is the custodian of all religious and social activities of Muslims. Reading Khawar Jilani's poem "Dehli ki Jamia Masjid" one feels the pages of past hrrning. In the reign of Auranzaib Alamgir, Sarmad was captured and killed here in front of the mosque. The sole thought of the poem is related with Sarmad's entity. A contrastive study has been conducted in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Islam has taught to maintain good relations with non-Muslims and pay their payments irrespective of differences of faith. The real thing in relations with non-Muslims is peace, not war. The Qur'an says that no one can force anyone to accept Islam. One issue is whether nonMuslims will have the right to a key position or jobs in a Muslim state. Those who consider Islam to be a religion revealed by God Almighty can only run a Muslim state sincerely. On the contrary, those who do not believe in Islamic teaching and don't consider it a religion revealed by God will not correctly run a Muslim state. Therefore, they are not suitable for its key positions. This paper argues that apart from the key positions, there is equal opportunities must be granted to the non-Muslims for employment and it is responsibility of a Muslim State to create freedom to work for nonMuslims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 20th Century (January 1st, 1901 to December 31st, 1999) was dominated by a chain of events that heralded significant changes in the World History so as to redefine the era. This paper makes an attempt and its religious and intellectual problems in thought, simple imitation, secularism and atheism becoming considerably more common, collision of intellectual rigidity with the Islamic thoughts, sectarism, splendour of orientalistic thoughts, intolerance and violent inclination, fundamentalism, disconnection in religious thought, social astray, predominance of mind, scantiness of interpretations of Islamic law and our ulama's restoring efforts in the 20th Century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to know about the Sufi approaches towards Qur'an and their grip on the theological domain and spiritual insight. Contribution of Shaykh Abu Nasr Siraj in the shape of a treatise of Sufi world known as 'Kitab al-Luma' is a significant input for human guidance towards Allah Almighty. Divine Names and Attributes and interpretation of Qur'anic verses are an integral part of this work. In this specific study, we analysed what methodology and patterns adopted by the author in order to compile a standard book for Sufi guidance. We came to know that Shaykh's understanding of Qur'an is exceptional, excellent and remarkable inference. Shaykh wants to see Lord's devotee in the colour of God sibghatallah' defining Qur'anic Names as attributes (sifat) of the friends of Allah (Awliya'). His derived terminologies, extraction of solutions for Sufi issues and seeker's (Salik) difficulties, exegetical methodology, direction and supervision for the public and community as well as for special people who are the travellers towards Ultimate Reality in the light of 'Kitab al-Luma', as a whole makes it crystal clear that Allah Almighty bestowed him with the wisdom and comprehension of Holy Qur'an at a higher level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper is an attempt to discuss the holiness or sanctity of the founders of Non-Semitic religions in Muslim thoughts. It has been tried to explore the fatwa literature regarding the sanctity of the founders and holy persons of Hinduism, Buddhism and Zoroastrianism. Mostofthese fatwas are given by the eminent scholars of Indian subcontinent. It is interesting the Muslim scholars are of the view tht the respect of the founders of the non-Semitic religions is also obligatory as it is for the founders of all religions of Ibrahimic tradition. This study helps US to promote tolerance and harmony in the multi-religious and pluralistic global society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maulana Jalaluddin Rumi and Sultan Bahoo were famous Sufi poets. There is a gap of four centuries between both of them. However, they share significant thematic similarities regarding the origin of universe, knowledge, and wisdom, theory of love, annihilation in spiritual guide and form / transformation of realism. Both of them emphasize on reality as well as preciousness of world in their poetry. They give priority to love over knowledge and wisdom. In their Sufism annihilation of ego is important than annihilation in spiritual guide. A contrastive study has been conducted in this paper that enables the reader to understand the value of their works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morality and politics have a strong relation. Politics, lacking in the values of Morality, becomes poisonous for the society. Political parties and their leaders exist in all societies of the modern world. Politics has always been integral part of Pakistani Society. Unfortunately it currently lacks the true spirit of Morality. Moral character of political leaders at national level, collectively, is becoming the reason for the moral degeneration of the society. Our political leadership uses the uncivilized language, character assassination and derogatory remarks. These practices are leaving negative effects on the moral attitude of common man, especially on the younger generation. There is a famous saying of Shah Waliullah that "circumstances play important part in the formation of ethics as compare to knowledge". Therefore, the public, especially the youth, imitates the language and character of their leadership. On one hand the contradiction of words and actions and the usage of uncivilized language by the politicians are damaging the democratic values and on the other hand the moral values are being destroyed. That is why it is essential for our national leaders to adopt necessary measures for purifying their ethics and they should present themselves as an ideal character. This paper will highlight those political factors, reasons and motives which play an important role in the moral degeneration of Pakistani society and will also recommend solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ilm Fiqh-ul-Hadith is one of the important disciplines of the Hadith studies. It tells us how to interpret a hadith and how a legal ruling can be derived from the sources of Hadith. It also determines how to inference a verdict from the Hadith texts. Orders and obligatory issues of the religion depend on it. The present article studies Lami al-durari, a multi-voluminous commentary on Sahih Bukhari, penned by an Indian scholar Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi. The present paper is an attempt to evaluate the Lami al-Darari from the prospective of Fiqh al- Hadith. A number of new interpretations have been identified which were not even mentioned by the predecessors in their books. We also attempted to see its impact on the subsequent literature in the field. Through a comparative study of other leading commentaries of Sahih al-Bukhari, it endeavors to ascertain its intellectual place in the discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic planning is essentially important to achieve economic development and other economic purposes in any economic system. As we see that in the present era every country in the world has adopted economic plan mandatory in some form in order to achieve economic goals. Consequently, economic planning is considered as an essential tool for achieving economic goals nowadays. In this context, it is pertinent to know the concept of economic planning in Islam, its characteristics and significance in the presence of well-articulated modern economic plans. This paper examines the concept of planning in the light of Islamic economic teachings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the introduction of the philosophical reasoning and Aristotelian logic among the Muslims during the Abbasid period in the second and third/eighth and ninth centuries, Muslim theologian began to interpret debates regarding the nature and attributes of God and His relation to man and the universe. Three eminent scholars: al-Maturidi in Central Asia, al-Ash'ari in Iraq, and al-Tahawi in Egypt played a leading role in this context. This paper aims to study the theological work of Abū Manṣūr Al-Hanafī al-Māturīdī titular head of the Māturīdīyah School of Theology. He is considered one of the most important Sunni theologians. He endeavored to reconcile conflicting ideas and settle the theological problems of the time by adopting a system that would satisfy reason and conform to the general tenets of the Qur'an and the Sunnah. He exercised profound and lasting influence on the subsequent development of Muslim philosophy and theology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to study the literary style of Mawlana Manazir Ahsan Gilani who was a well-known Indian religious scholar of the 20th century. He graduated from Dar ul-Uloom Deoband and played vital role in the preservation Islamic intellectual legacy. He documented Muslim tradition of India and composed a variety of books in almost all fields of Islamic studies. However, he is particularly distinctive in his writing style. He is considered an excellent writer in literary circles. A plethora of his books and writings are available both in poetry and prose that reflects his erudition not only in the subject matter but also his eminence in writing style. He has written in the fields of Quran, Hadith, Fiqh, jurisprudence, mysticism, history, education, preaching of Islam and political sciences. Apart from his thought, his writing style also influence the Urdu readers and writers. The present study illustrates the distinctive features and characteristics of his writings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Islam guides the Muslims in their socio-political and religious affairs life. In the contemporary period, studies on the Muslim minorities in non-Muslim countries became an important field of inquiry. Muslims have to face unique social problems/issues in non-Muslims countries particularly in social spheres. There are debates regarding permissibility of the social relations with non-Muslim in the matters of greetings with them. According to principles of Islamic virtue and gratitude, love at heart, Islamic moral values and social and cultural needs and guidance demand that non-Muslims should also be paid greetings but there are other traditions that discourage to make friendship with non-Muslim (wilayah). Similarly, the inquiring after health of non-Muslims, in case of their death, participation in funerals, showing commensuration and prayers to grieved family are central in a social setting. Thus, there are divergent opinions regarding the legality of these issues. Muslim jurists of the subcontinent have established distinctive opinions regarding the social relations with non- Muslims. This paper examines the sub-continental scholarship regarding these social issues, particularly when Muslims are residing in a non-Muslim country as a minority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the advent of Islam, the Arabic language became the academic language and most of the rich literature written in Greek, Persian or Hindi was translated in Arabic. This paper investigates the medium and elements of transmission of Greek Literature into Arabic language. A large number of Greek sources were translated into Arabic language during the Abbasid rule. The Arabs translated these Greek sources and then learned over again all they had already learned, correcting and verifying their earlier knowledge. Similarly, the Greek works were transmitted via Indian sources which might have been derived by Greek heritage. Thus, there came a second channel of transmission indirectly through India, mathematical and astronomical work, all a good deal developed by Indian scholars, but certainly developed from material obtained from Alexandria in the first place. This material had passed to India by the sea route which connected Alexandria with north-west India. Then there was also another line of passage through India which seems to have had its beginning in the Greek kingdom of Bactria, one of the Asiatic states founded by Alexander the Great, and a land route long kept open between the Greek world and India. Further, there were some scattered minor sources, unfortunately little known, such as the city of Harran, an obstinately pagan Greek colony planted in the middle of a Christian area, which probably made its contribution, though on a smaller scale. The article shows that the mentioned elements played a great role in transferring Greek heritage into Arabic heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to study the contribution of Abd Allah b. al-Mubārak in Islamic jurisprudence- a relatively less acknowledged field of his works. Ibn Mubarak had been known for his piety and knowledge of hadith studies. He had been recorded in the Sufi chronicles as one of the most virtuous scholars of Islam. Similarly, he was been counted in the highly category of hadith scholars and he earned the title of Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadith. Malik b. Anas, Abū Hanīfa and Sufyān al-Thawrī were amongst the most important teachers of Abd Allāh b. al-Mubārak. Though Ibn al-Mubārak is well known for his contribution in the field of hadith but his contribution in Islamic Fiqh shows that he was also an expert of Islamic law. He possessed all the important qualities needed by a Mujtahid. The sources from which he derived Islamic law and his legal opinions are: the Holy Qur'an, hadith, consensus (ijma), analogical reasoning (qiyas), juristic discretion (istihsan) and the customs of the local population (urf). On the basis of his works in Islamic jurisprudence, the present study is an endeavor to establish his position as Mujtahid (on of highest category of fiqh scholars) through presenting his juridical opinions on various legal issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims to analyze the Sirah-writings of a leading Egyptian scholar of twentieth century Khalid Muhammad Khalid (d.1996/1446). He has composed extensive works on diverse area of studies ranging from socio-political, literary to religious and Islamic learning. He had been deeply impressed by the socialist thoughts in his early life and criticized the exploitation of religion for political empowerment. Consequently, he had to face hostility of traditional Muslim scholars of al-Azhar and Ikhwan al-Muslimeen. Later, a shift had been observed in his thoughts and he had significantly withdrawn from his socialistic approach regarding the role of religion in sociopolitical spheres. However, contrary to the religious scholars, he consistently highlighted the ethical and practical dimensions of religion because he asserted that Islam was more than a dogmatic system. In this context, he has written two important books about the life of Prophet Muhammad: Insaniyat Muhammad (Human Values of Muhammad- peace be upon him-) and Ashara Ayyam fi Hayat al-Rasul (Ten Days of the Life of the Prophet). He attempted to present the human values and mercy of the Prophet for all humanity irrespective of their religious regional or racial affiliations. This study elaborates the Sirah themes undertaken by the author in these works. A particular attention will be paid to highlight the methodologies applied by the author for the study of the life of the Prophet who, in his standpoint, is primarily a human being and after that became perfect man because of his endless mercy, love and inspirational services for the humanity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Imam Abu Hanifa is among those great scholars who became extraordinary popular as a jurist. He despite of his skills as an expert of hadith was not properly recognized by some of traditionists. There is no doubt that Jurisprudence without knowledge of hadith is not possible. The popularity of Imam Abu Hanifa as a Jurist is around the globe, yet his expertise in hadith has not been adequately explored. This research paper explores the Imam Abu Hanifa's scholarship in the field of hadith. It revolves around such questions as how skillful he was in the knowledge of hadith and what was opinion of other experts of hadith about his expertise in this particular field of religious knowledge. It is argued here that the stature of Imam Abu Hanifa as an expert of hadtih was also wellestablished and on the basis of his authority in hadith, he contributed in the field of Islamic Jurisprudence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Media in its comprehensive definition is the process of spreading facts and news honestly to serve the public interest, which is characterized by honesty and objectivity, and its goal of growth and vigilance and cultural and civilizational harmony, and raise the level of public opinion enlightenment and education. It is hard to deny that the media today is one of the most dangerous means of influencing individuals in behavioral and intellectual ways. After the development of its printed, audio and visual means, it became mass media, directed at millions of people at the same time. However, practically the use of Media is at variant with its theoretical concept and it is generally used for propaganda means, deception against the opponents. The State utilizes media for creating false consciousness to consolidate its authority over the masses. It is often argued that the European media is being used to corrupt the Muslims identity, culture and civilization. The Western Media leads the Muslims to destruction of their religion and morals. This proposed article examines the process of the media in the light of Islamic ethics in detail. This paper has been divided into the preface and three sub-chapters and conclusion. The first sub-chapter deals with the impact of the media on the behavior of the Muslim. The second subchapter examines the schools and the different media theories, including the reality of Islamic media theory. The third section also takes care of the transformation of the various media into means of propaganda, not media. The conclusion comes with the most important recommendations and proposals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to study the use of allusion (talmih) in the Sufi literature of well-known Sufi poet of South Punjab Khawaja Ghulam Farid (1845-1901) who has written extensively in his native language Siraiki. There is a variety of themes in his poetry ranging from love of nature to love divine reality. However, the most important theme undertaken by Khawaja Ghulam Farid is recognized the ultimate reality through Sufi Medium. By explaining the foundational debates regarding Sufism, the present study explores the Sufi thought of Khawaja Ghulam Farid. A meticulous effort has been made to examine the language and epistemology of Khawaja Ghulam Farid's poetry and how he skillfully employed the allusions in a simple and sublime manner in his poetry. This study helps to understand the beauties of his language that impressed not only the masses of Seraiki speaking but also the scholars of language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focusses on research methodology of Allama Ghulam Rasool Saeedi in deriving religious commandments (Shar'i Ahkaam). His famous book Sharah Sahih Muslim is taken into consideration. His approach about four important issues (Rajm,'Azal,Eating of Ojhadhi and Test tube baby) is elaborated. Allama Saeedi got guidance from Holy Qur'an, Sunnah and approach of early jurists. Moreover, intellect of the present age was also not hidden from his eyes. He was fully aware of the medical and social issues of the public. There is dire need to give awareness to the intellectuals about his approach and research methodology. The main aim of this paper is to know how a theologian should behave about religious commandments(Shar'i Ahkaam).Should he be so rigid that the life becomes difficult or should he be so flexible that the injunctions of Islam are trampled. This article shows how Allama Saeedi became a bridge between two extremes. Hopefully this work will be proved beneficial for the researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Religion is spoken of in a very broad sense, which includes a feeling of transcendence, an ethical evaluation and a certain personal commitment. But modern media have begun a continuation to distort the religious forbearance in different ways and to present religion as negative. The negative effects of media in particular on children are manifested in terms of their changing mental set-up and the declining quality of their lifestyle. Children, who should invest their time in reading good books, studying, playing outdoors, exercising and engaging in social activities, today spend their evenings glued to the television. The media that is easily accessible to even small children exposes them to things they need not know and will not understand. Innocence is being lost at an early age thanks to the film music and dance shows in which children are encouraged to participate and imitate the attitudes and actions of adults. This paper explains deeply about the Media effects on Religious values and Psychological effects on children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Islamic law has its universal touch. It circles every detailed corner of life. Today's modern life spreads many unfolds of social spheres. As is the case with Intellectual Property Rights (Copy Rights, Patent Rights and Trade Mark). This current issue has different opinions in this modern world. Some of the authentic muslim scholars oppose it, while others favour. The discussable aspect is whether the owner can sale its rights or not? The well known international jurisprudence academies i.e kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Bharat and Kuwait argue the hurdels of its comprehensiveness, while the hardliners oppose it with their studying one side of the picture. This paper researches its positive view in this grim and complicated discussion and elaborates its justification.". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marriage as prescribed by Allah is the lawful union of a man and a woman based on mutual consent. Ideally the purpose of marriage is to foster a state of tranquility. Love and compassion in Islam, but this is not always the case. Islam discourages divorce but, unlike some religions, does make provisions for divorce by either party. Allah almighty provides general guidelines for the process of divorce with emphasis on both parties upholding the values of justice and kindness in formalizing the end to their marriage. The pronouncement of Talaq by the husband may be verbal or written, but once made, there is to be a waiting period of three months. The waiting period helps to prevent hasty terminations due to anger and allows time for both parties to reconsider as well as to see if the wife is pregnant. If she is pregnant the waiting period is lengthened until delivery. During this waiting period the man remains financially responsible for the support of the woman. The alarming explosion of divorce in our present times is a cause of great concern. The mention of the word Talaq has now become so cheap that in some marriages, every argument futures this word, either the husband threatens with it or the wife demands it. This paper is therefore an attempt to highlight some of the causes of rampant divorce and its impact on Muslim women and society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Sihr (witchcraft, magic) is prohibited in Islam. However, there are multiple understandings of Sihr in Muslim tradition. The Mu'tazila (a group of predominantly rationalist theologians) believe that Sihr is only a trickery. The magicians deceive the innocent and simple people by their tricks and they bewitch their eyes, consequently people cannot see what is really happening. Otherwise, there is no reality in their magic- On the other hand, the Sunni theologians argue that there is reality in Sihr and witchcraft as the Quran and Prophetic traditions affirm the magicians' ability to harm the people. Imam Jassas is a leading Hanafi Sunni of the fourth century of Islam. Interestingly, he validates the mutazali's understanding of Sihr. Therefore, he is considered as a Mutazili scholar in some Sunni as well as Mutazili circles. The present paper aims to study Jassas' interpretations of Sihr as presented by him in his magnum opus Ahkam al-Quran. This investigation leads us to the conclusion that Jassas, being an outstanding jurist, has an independent judgment on Sihr that is identical to that of the Mutazila. It is not justified to consider him as a Mutazili on the basis of his standpoint on Sihr, particularly when he criticized and refuted the Mutazili doctrine and teachings in his works." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]