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Allegation of testimony has always been one of the reasons in the legal system for proving litigation. However, in countries where there is no need to make the witness to provide allegation of testimony on the one hand and considering the fact that the original principle is the innocence of the denier, testimony has largely lost its performance as a proof. Under the circumstances considered, allegation of testimony is accepted by the Muslims and its persuation as a great sin. Contrary to Islamic jurisprudence, the Iranian law does not accept the allegation of testimony; however, Western and Arab laws in accordance with Islamic jurisprudence consider testimony refusal as a crime and consider punishments for it.

Fatwā ṣahāba can be used as ḥujjah (proof) even though the ulama (scholars) have different opinions regarding its validity. The ulama categorize the Companions’ fatwā as one of the sources of law decision which is still being disputed about the validity. It is different from the Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijmā’, and Qiyās that have been agreed by the most of the scholars as a source of Islamic law. The Companions’ fatwā has an influence on the development of Islamic law thought which can be substantially equated like a fiqh, because it is the result of istinbāṭ (efforts to extract the ẓannī (speculative) sharia law from original sources through the mobilization of all natural reasoning abilities) and the results of the Companions ra'y (establish a law of contemporary problems that have not been found in the Qur’an and hadith) which have been codified according to the particular mazhab. Therefore, the Companions fatwā is the result of the ijtihad of the Companions as ulama of the previous generation and became the ḥujjah of the ulama until today who have colored Islamic law thought, such as fatwā of Abū Bakr, Umar, ‘Uthmān, ‘Alī, ‘Abdullāh Ibn ‘Abbās, ‘Abdullāh Ibn Mas'ūd and other Companions. At least the fatwā ṣaḥaba can be used as ḥujjah in istinbāṭ of islamic law when new problems arise, and no proposition is found in the Qur'an and hadith.

This interdisciplinary research sheds some light on the second generation of Sudanese expatriates. It focuses on their identity, sense of belonging, and their attitudes towards different aspects of life in Sudan. A sample of 84 young Sudanese expatriates participated in this study (aged between 15-30 years). 70% of the respondents were male and 30% female. A questionnaire especially designed for the purpose of this study was used. The results, in general, show that this generation has a high level of sense of belonging to Sudan, and they are proud to be Sudanese. The results also reflect that the respondents are less worried about their country's economic situation compared to their worries about the political situation. They further believe that the current Sudanese political parties are incapable of solving the country's political dilemmas. Further research in this area is recommended [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data collection and data preprocessing are crucial stages in web usage mining, mainly because of the unstructured, diverse, and noisy nature of log data. During data collection, log file datasets are loaded and merged. Effective and comprehensive data preprocessing plays a vital role in ensuring the efficiency and scalability of algorithms used in the pattern discovery phase of web usage mining. This work aims to address these phases by introducing two innovative approaches. The first approach focuses on determining the device used for accessing the web, distinguishing between computers and mobile devices. The second approach aims to determine user sessions and complete paths by utilizing the referrer URL. The entire preprocessing pipeline has been implemented using the C# programming language, and the source code is available on GitHub at the following link: https://github.com/Mohammed91/Web-Usage-Mining.

This paper discusses about learning vocabulary. The vocabulary is an important element of the Arabic language that must be mastered by all students of the Arabic language. But sometimes students feel bored due to difficulty of vocabulary memorization. This problem requires innovation by vocabulary teachers to solve this problem. The researcher found that students in Darul Lughah wal Qur’an College had difficulty memorizing vocabulary, which led the researcher to integrate mnemonic music techniques into vocabulary learning to facilitate the students' memorization of vocabulary. The Mnemonic music came to help them in memorizing the vocabulary easily and with strong memory. The aims of this research are first, to understand how to design teaching materials by using mnemonic music to strengthen vocabularies memorizing, second, to understand the specifications of the teaching materials that developed, and to determine the effectiveness of teaching materials that developed. This research use qualitative and quantitative approach. The method of this research is research and development. The researcher use interview technique, observation technique, questionnaire technique, and test technique to collect the data. The result of this research is that this research is carried out using the ADDIE model according to Dick and Carrey, its mean analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The specifications of the the teaching materials in this research is that they are developed by using mnemonic music technique which is consists of cover, aims of learning, chapters, new vocabularies, and many exercises of vocabularies. This material consist of 24 chapters which is developed by using mnemonic music technique. The result of the product experiment is 10,4>2,80>2,08: t. >ts0,01>0,05 indicates that these developed teaching materials are effective in strengthening vocabulary memorization.

Speaking skill (maharah kalam) is one of the four main skills that must be mastered by students of the Arabic Language Education Study Program at Islamic universities. The main goal of learning speaking skill is to develop the ability to speak in Arabic fluently, effectively, and accurately. Students are expected to be able to express thoughts, feelings, and information clearly and relevant in a variety of communication contexts. But in reality, there are still students who encounter obstacles in the learning process of speaking skill so that the expected goals are not achieved, as happened to PBA IAIN Ternate students. For this reason, this article discusses the difficulties of students in learning speaking skill at PBA IAIN Ternate with those explored from the results of field research with a qualitative descriptive approach, where the data obtained through questionnaires and interviews are processed by library triangulation. The results show that students of the PBA IAIN Ternate study program are still experiencing difficulties in learning speaking skill, from linguistic and non-linguistic aspects. In the linguistic aspect, it can be seen in the difficulty of understanding vocabulary, stringing sentences, and difficulty in capturing information from the interlocutor. Meanwhile, on the non-linguistic side, it can be seen in the students' lack of confidence in communicating. This affects the achievement of the learning goal of speaking skill, which emphasizes communication skills using Arabic.

∴ Introduction ∴ The principle of benevolence, or Ehsan, is a foundational concept in Islamic jurisprudence, which emphasizes altruism, sacrifice, and service to others. Given the social nature of human beings, there is a continuous need for individuals to integrate into the community and engage in mutual assistance. However, this integration often leads to conflicts of interest and potential rights violations due to inherent traits like greed and the pursuit of power. To mitigate such conflicts, laws and principles, including civil liability, are essential in ensuring justice and protecting individuals' rights. Civil liability, or non-consensual liability, holds individuals accountable for any harm they cause to others, requiring them to compensate for the loss. Contrary to the strict application of civil liability, Islamic jurisprudence introduces the principle of benevolence. This principle acknowledges that individuals driven by altruism may inadvertently cause harm while attempting to benefit others. In such scenarios, the primary ruling of non-consensual liability is overlooked, and the principle of benevolence exempts the well-intentioned individual from liability. The increasing complexity of modern societal needs underscores the importance of benevolence and mutual assistance. Promoting a culture of benevolence is vital for educational systems and institutions, and Islamic law has long advocated for this through significant principles like Ehsan. This study aims to provide a comprehensive examination of the principle of benevolence from an educational perspective within Islamic jurisprudence. It seeks to identify the educational criteria and standards that define the value of benevolent acts and document their educational reflections in human relationships as perceived by both Western and Islamic scholars. The study also explores the educational applications and implications of Ehsan, highlighting the roles of educational institutions and media in fostering a culture of benevolence. ∴ Research Question ∴ The central research question guiding this study is: How can the principle of benevolence (Ehsan) be effectively integrated into educational systems to promote a culture of altruism and mutual assistance in contemporary society? To address this overarching question, the study will explore several subsidiary questions, including: What are the jurisprudential foundations of the principle of benevolence in Islamic law? How do educational theories and practices in Islamic jurisprudence define and value acts of benevolence? What are the similarities and differences in the conceptualization of benevolence between Islamic and Western educational perspectives? How can educational institutions, media, and cyberspace contribute to promoting benevolence among different societal segments? ∴ Research Hypothesis ∴ The hypothesis underpinning this research posits that integrating the principle of benevolence into educational systems can significantly enhance social cohesion and mutual assistance. Specifically, the hypothesis can be broken down as follows: The principle of benevolence, rooted in Islamic jurisprudence, offers a robust framework for fostering altruistic behavior and social responsibility. Educational institutions that incorporate the principles of Ehsan into their curricula and culture can effectively instill values of altruism, service, and community engagement in students. Media and cyberspace, when utilized strategically, can amplify the promotion of benevolence and reach a broader audience, thereby reinforcing these values across different societal segments. ∴ Methodology & Framework, if Applicable ∴ The study employs a multi-disciplinary approach, combining jurisprudential analysis with educational theory and practical applications. The methodology involves several key components: Jurisprudential Analysis: A detailed examination of Islamic legal texts and scholarly interpretations to elucidate the principle of benevolence. Comparative analysis with Western legal and educational theories to highlight convergences and divergences. Educational Theory: Exploration of educational theories and principles that align with the concept of benevolence. Identification of criteria and standards used to evaluate the educational value of benevolent acts. Examination of media campaigns and cyberspace initiatives that have promoted altruism and mutual assistance. Interviews and Surveys: Conducting interviews with scholars, educators, and students to gather insights into the practical applications of Ehsan in education. Surveys to assess the impact of benevolence-focused educational programs and media campaigns on students and the general public. Documentary Analysis: Review of educational curricula, media content, and cyberspace materials to evaluate how benevolence is portrayed and promoted. The framework for this study is built upon the integration of these methodologies, providing a comprehensive understanding of the principle of benevolence from both jurisprudential and educational perspectives. This approach allows for a thorough investigation of how Ehsan can be operationalized in contemporary educational systems to foster a culture of altruism and mutual assistance. In summary, the study aims to bridge the gap between jurisprudential principles and educational practices, offering insights into how the principle of benevolence can be effectively integrated into modern educational frameworks. By doing so, it seeks to contribute to the development of a more cohesive and supportive society where mutual assistance and altruism are highly valued and actively promoted. ∴ Results & Discussion ∴ The investigation into the principle of benevolence (Ehsan) from an educational perspective reveals several key findings that underscore its significance and practical applications in contemporary society. These findings demonstrate the profound impact of integrating benevolence into educational frameworks and the broader implications for fostering a culture of altruism and mutual assistance. Key Findings: Intrinsic Value of Benevolence: The study confirms that benevolence holds intrinsic value, deeply rooted in both Islamic jurisprudence and universal ethical principles. This intrinsic value is reflected in the positive moral and spiritual outcomes of benevolent actions, which are emphasized in numerous Quranic verses and Hadiths. The principle of benevolence promotes ethical conduct and moral integrity, which are essential components of a holistic educational system. Altruism and Educational Outcomes: Altruism, as a core component of benevolence, significantly enhances educational outcomes. The presence of altruistic values in educational settings fosters a sense of community, empathy, and social responsibility among students. This is crucial for developing well-rounded individuals who are not only academically proficient but also socially conscious and morally responsible. Worldly and Hereafter Benefits: The dual aspects of benevolence—worldly benefits and advantageous effects in the hereafter—provide a comprehensive framework for understanding its importance. In the worldly context, benevolent actions contribute to social cohesion, mutual support, and overall well-being. The promise of rewards in the hereafter further incentivizes individuals to engage in acts of kindness and service, reinforcing the principle's significance from a spiritual perspective. Addressing Material and Spiritual Needs: Benevolence encompasses addressing both material and spiritual needs. This dual focus ensures that individuals receive holistic support, which is vital for their overall development. Educational programs that incorporate benevolence can address various dimensions of student needs, promoting a balanced and comprehensive approach to education. Negative and Irrational Individualism: The research highlights a concerning trend of negative and irrational individualism among students in educational centers. This individualism, driven by self-interest and personal gain, is contrary to the principles of benevolence and altruism. Addressing this issue requires a concerted effort to cultivate a culture of generosity, cooperation, and mutual support within educational institutions. Role of Media and Cyberspace: The study underscores the pivotal role of media and cyberspace in promoting benevolence. These platforms provide opportunities for the public to engage with and support benevolent initiatives. Educational campaigns leveraging media and cyberspace can reach a wider audience, effectively disseminating the values of altruism and service. Discussion: The principle of benevolence, when integrated into educational systems, offers a transformative approach to developing socially responsible and morally upright individuals. This integration requires a multifaceted strategy that includes curriculum design, educational activities, and the use of media and cyberspace. Curriculum Design: Incorporating benevolence into the curriculum involves designing educational programs that emphasize ethical values, social responsibility, and community service. Courses and activities that promote altruism, empathy, and mutual support can foster a positive educational environment conducive to holistic development. Educational Activities: Engaging students in charitable activities and community service projects is crucial for practical learning. These activities provide hands-on experience in applying benevolent principles, allowing students to witness the tangible impact of their actions on the community. Educational institutions should create opportunities for students to participate in such initiatives, reinforcing the importance of altruism and service. Media and Cyberspace: Leveraging media and cyberspace to promote benevolence can significantly enhance outreach and engagement. Educational campaigns and social media initiatives that highlight stories of benevolence and service can inspire others to follow suit. These platforms can also facilitate discussions and raise awareness about the importance of altruism, creating a supportive community that values and practices benevolence.‌ ∴ Conclusion ∴ ‌Promoting a culture of benevolence and service is not only an educational necessity but also a moral imperative. Islamic law, with its emphasis on the principle of benevolence, provides a robust framework for fostering altruism and mutual assistance. This principle, deeply rooted in ethical and spiritual values, offers significant educational benefits, contributing to the development of well-rounded, socially responsible individuals. Benevolence encompasses both the prevention of harm and the provision of benefit, reflecting a comprehensive approach to human relationships. The educational criteria for valuing benevolence—intrinsic value, altruism, worldly benefits, and hereafter rewards—highlight its multifaceted significance. Addressing both material and spiritual needs ensures holistic support for individuals, promoting balanced development. The study's findings reveal a concerning trend of negative individualism among students, underscoring the need for educational systems to cultivate a culture of generosity and cooperation. This can be achieved through curriculum design, educational activities, and leveraging media and cyberspace to promote benevolence. The principle of benevolence as an educational rule implies that the trainee's selectivity and goodwill are paramount. Acts of benevolence should stem from innate and human nature, free from external compulsion. This principle's implications for educational planning and curriculum design emphasize the scope of good deeds and the necessity of aligning educational practices with human nature. In conclusion, integrating the principle of benevolence into educational systems offers a transformative approach to fostering a culture of altruism and mutual assistance. By promoting ethical values, social responsibility, and community service, educational institutions can develop individuals who are not only academically proficient but also morally upright and socially conscious. This holistic approach ensures that education contributes to the overall well-being of society, creating a more cohesive and supportive community where mutual assistance and altruism are highly valued and actively practiced.

هدفت الدراسة الى اعداد منهاج تعليمي متضمنا استعمال الفيديو التعليمي لتعليم مهارتي الضرب الساحق وحائط الصد بالكرة الطائرة للطلاب واستعمل الباحثون المنهج التجريبي كونه يتلاءم مع طبيعة وكانت العينة هم طلبة المرحلة الثانية في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة (جامعة البصرة) والبالغ عددهم (36) طالبا ، استعمل الباحثون النظم الإحصائية في معالجة البيانات وفق الحقيبة الإحصائية (SPSS ver. 21) وقد استنتجنا بوجود تأثير ايجابي لاستعمال الفيديو التعليمي ضمن المنهاج التعليمي واوصينا بضرورة استعمال الفيديو التعليمي في المنهاج التعليمي لمادة كرة الطائرة للمرحلة الثانية في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة . التعليمي.

هدف البحث إلى إعداد تمرينات تعليمية تخصصية بتعلم أداء بعض المهارات الهجومية للاعبي سلاح الشيش وتضمينها في مفردات أسلوب التخيل الموجه لمبارزي مركز رعاية الموهبة الرياضيةوأعتمد المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعتين التجريبي والضابطة، على عينة من مبارزي سلاح الشيش بعمر (14-16) عام البالغ عددهم (14) مبارز كما أعتمد المقياس العالمي لقياس درجة السيطرة الانتباهية (Attention control scale)، واختبارات أداء المهارات الهجومية بسلاح الشيش وتم معالجة النتائج بنظام (SPSS) لتكون الاستنتاجات والتوصيات بأنه يساعد تطبيق التمرينات التعليمية بأسلوب التخيل الموجه في زيادة مستوى السيطرة الانتباهية لمبارزي مركز رعاية الموهبة الرياضية بسلاح الشيش، ويساعد تطبيق التمرينات التعليمية بأسلوب التخيل الموجه في تحسين تعلم أداء الهجمة المستقيمة المباشرة، والهجمة بتغيير الاتجاه، والهجمة العددية، والهجمة القاطعة لمبارزي سلاح الشيش في مركز رعاية الموهبة الرياضية، وبتفوق على أقرانهم الذي يتعلمون بدونها

Willy Loman is unable to reach the American dream and ultimately decides to end his life. This paper examines the protagonist's tragic flaw and tragic triumph as a salesman and as a father to investigate how the aspects of modern man are shown in the average person. Willy fails due to his misguided beliefs in the influence of individual charm. He is a man of exceptional care for the welfare of his sons, he is like many other fathers and he does not give his children the freedom to discover their own principles. He intends to raise his sons according to his own way of deceit and misleading beliefs. Therefore, his sons are never able to experience the reality of the world. Willy Loman is another casualty of a society that promotes and fosters in individuals' fake values that crumble in the face of truth. The world serves as the ultimate place where fate and opportunities play significant roles. All of this has led to the downfall of Willy. Willy, as a salesman, cannot discover his true kind of personality because he believes in the American dream, leading him to make choices that are not right for him.

Automated segmentation of diseases considered a necessary initial step in routine diagnosis. Lung diseases that affect the lungs, such as pneumonia or lung collapse can result in areas of consolidation or atelectasis, where lung tissue becomes denser or collapses. It can be challenging to accurately segment such areas, as they may exhibit similar characteristics to adjacent structures. This study proposes a lung CT image segmentation method which includes two steps: (1) a new image enhancement model that uses the bounded turning Mittag-Leffler function to improve the CT images for better segmentation outcomes. (2) a new modified VGG-16 for infection of lung segmentation based on expanding the original VGG-16 network. The dilated convolutional layers are added to the original VGG-16 network to create a new lung CT image segmentation method. The experimental results showed that the proposed method can accurately segment the infected region in lung CT scans. The results led to Accuracy, Dice Coefficient and Jaccard Index values of 96.3%, 91.2%, and 82.3% respectively. The proposed method is accurate and suitable for implementation in real-world applications. Following result computation, seven related studies are compared with the recommended methodology. This demonstrated how well this study had performed in comparison to many earlier studies. Despite the fact that segmenting lung CT images requires a lot of work. Obtaining a suitable level of accuracy was quite difficult.

هدف البحث التعرف على تأثير اثر تمرينات ( (TRX لتطوير الرشاقة و سرعة أداء التحركات الدفاعية لتغطية الهجوم الخاطف للاعبي كرة اليد للشباب .اما فيما يخص المنهجية في البحث تم استعمال المنهج التــجريبي وذلك لملائمته في طبيعة المشكلة المدروسة , اما عينة البحث مجمـــوعة من لاعبي نادي نفط ميسان بكرة اليد والبالغ عددهم (23) لاعبا (وبنسبة 100%) وتم تقسيمهم إلى مجموعتين (ضابطة) و (تجريبية ) وعن طريق القرعة بواقع (7) لاعبا لكل مجموعة . واستنتج الباحثان أدت التمرينات TRX الى احداث تطوير للرشاقة وسرعة أداء التحركات الدفاعية لتغطية الهجوم الخاطف للاعبي لدى المجموعة التجريبية من لاعبي كرة اليد للشباب وكذلك أوصى الباحثان الاهتمام بتطوير الرشاقة و سرعة أداء التحركات الدفاعية لتغطية الهجوم الخاطف كرة اليد للشباب.

هدف البحث الى التعرف على اعداد تمرينات بالأسلوب البالستي البليومتري لتطوير القوة الخاصة وسرعة الاستجابة الحركية للتحركات الدفاعية للاعبي كرة اليد الشباب وقد استعمل الباحثان المنهج التجريبي للمجموعة الواحدة ذات الاختبار القبلي والبعدي، على عينة من لاعبي كرة اليد الشباب وهم لاعبي نادي الكرخ الرياضي بكرة اليد للموسم الرياضي 2019- 2020 والبالغ عددهم (12) لاعباً وقد اشتمل المنهج المطبق للتمرينات بهذا الاسلوب على (24) وحدة تدريبية بمعدل (3) وحدات تدريبية في الاسبوع، واستنتج الباحثان ان هذه التمرينات بهذا الاسلوب التدريبي قد كان لها أثر في تطوير القوة الخاصة وبالتالي انعكاسه على تطوير سرعة الاستجابة للتحركات الدفاعية للاعبين افراد عينة البحث وكذلك اوصى الباحثان الى بناء تمرينات هذا الاسلوب بشكل علمي سليم يتناسب مع الفئة العمرية التي يراد تطويرها وذلك من خلال تقنين الاحمال التدريبية واستخدام طرق تدريبية مناسبة وتتطابق مع الهدف من استخدامها

هدف البحث التعرف على تأثير الواجب التعليمي بطريقة التعليم الالكتروني في معالجة الأخطاء لمهارة الارسال من الأعلى ومهارة الاستقبال بالكرة الطائرة، وكانت عينة البحث هم طلاب ثانوية المتفوقين الأولى للبنين في البصرة , حيث استعمل الباحث المنهج التجريبي واشتمل البحث على الاجراءات المستخدمة في البحث وقد قام الباحث بعرض وتحليل ومناقشة النتائج ومن خلال جداول نتائج الاختبارات لكل من مجموعتي البحث التجريبية والضابطة ونتائج الاختبارات البعدية يتبين تفوق المجموعة التجريبية على المجموعة الضابطة ومن هذا استنتج الباحث الى ضعف تأثير التعليم التقليدي المتبع من خلال ملاحظة نتائج الاختبارات البعدية للمجموعة التجريبية والضابطة., وأوصى الباحث استخدام الواجب البيتي الالكتروني لتأثيره الايجابي والفعال في تطوير مهارتي الارسال الموجه من الأعلى (التنس) و الاستقبال في الكرة الطائرة .

هدف البحث الى اعداد منهاج تعليمي يحتوي على درس خاص بالمشاهدة الذاتية لتعليم مهارتي الارسال والضرب الساحق بالكرة الطائرة للطلاب و استعمل الباحثون المنهج التجريبي للمجموعتين التجريبية و الضابطة و كانت عينة البحث من المرحلة الثانية في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة في جامعة البصرة من مجموعتين تجريبية وضابطة وعددهم (36) طالبا، واستعمل الطرق والوسائل الحديثة لإيصال المادة العلمية للطالب بأفضل صورة وكذلك اعطاء فرصة للطالب لتقويم نفسه ذاتيا من خلال المشاهدة الذاتية للأداء للمهارات في الكرة الطائرة عن طريق الفيديوهات ، و استنتج الباحثون ان الوحدات التعليمية باستخدام المشاهدة الذاتية كان لها تأثير فعال في تعليم مهارتي الارسال والضرب الساحق بالكرة الطائرة للمجموعة التجريبية ، وأما التوصيات فكانت ضرورة استخدام استراتيجية المشاهدة الذاتية في المنهاج التعليمي لمادة كرة الطائرة للمرحلة الثانية في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة.

هدفت الدراسة : اعداد تمرينات بأسلوب الروندو و استعمل المنهج التجريبي في دراستهما الحالية لملائمته طبيعة مشكلة البحث وكانت عينة البحث لاعبي نادي الموارد المائية عددهن (10) لاعبين شاركوا في الدوري العراقي لكرة قدم صالات واجري عليهم الاختبارات وتطبق المنهاج التدريبي في فترة الاعداد الخاص بـ (8) اسابيع نفذت بواقع (3) وحدة في الاسبوع وكان زمن المدة لتنفيذ التمارين (50) دقيقة باستعمال اسلوب الروندو واستنتجوا الباحثون : ان التمرينات التي طبقت بأسلوب الروندو ساعدت على تطور بعض المهارات الاساسية لأفراد عينة البحث وكذلك اوصوا: في الاهتمام باستعمال التمرينات بأسلوب (الروندو) وفق اسس تدريبية علمية لرفع كفاءة لاعبي كرة قدم صالات أثناء التدريب والمنافسات, وحث المدربين على اعتماد هذه التمرينات وخصوصا مع الفئات العمرية الصغيرة مثل الاشبال والناشئين.

Students face several challenges in learning Ilm Badi, including difficulty understanding learning objectives, a lack of comprehension regarding the classification in Ilm Badi materials, insufficient visual stimuli in teaching materials, and challenges in generating new sentences. These issues indicate a mismatch between theoretical understanding and practical language skills. Therefore, this study aims to design teaching materials for Ilm Badi with an innovative thinking approach to stimulate students' writing creativity. The research method employed is Research and Development (R&D), integrating the instructional material design procedure by Sa'ud with the ADDIE model. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The results indicate that the innovative thinking approach is relevant in strengthening creative thinking processes in general and supports the teaching of Ilm Badi with a more progressive and contextual approach. The teaching materials produced through detailed design stages involve composing content in Arabic and Indonesian, utilizing additional visualizations, and designing exercises to encourage students' innovative thinking abilities. The teaching materials design process includes collaboration with relevant experts. It undergoes expert assessments, resulting in teaching materials that meet standards for use in Ilm Badi learning, emphasizing innovative thinking. Further studies are necessary to test the designed teaching materials' effectiveness empirically.

Education plays an important role in human behavior to improve the quality of life, so there must be mature thought for the success of education. To produce a good education there needs to be an educational strategy, therefore an educational strategy is very important. This study aimed to reveal the forms of strategies for teaching speaking skills in terms of behavioral theory in the intensive program and reveal the contribution of implementing speaking skills teaching strategies in intensive programs at the Darussalam Banyuwangi Islamic Religion Institute. In this study, researchers used a qualitative approach and methodology as a case study in the Arabic Language Education Department. Used for collecting teacher and student interview data in the Intensive Program, classroom and outside classroom observations and documentation. Using interactive data analysis. The method of checking the validity of the data is by triangulation of theory and sources. The results of this study in essence are: (1) The strategies for teaching speaking skills in the perspective of behavioral theory in the intensive program are strategies of repetition and memorization, storytelling strategies, strategies for presenting modern topics, and strategies for creating an artificial Arabic environment. (2) The contribution of implementing speaking skills teaching strategies in the intensive program is the high demand for teaching Arabic and the ease of teaching Arabic, and the Institute has become famous for Arabic.

The needs of humanity, which is the goal of the Shari'a, never end. Maqasid Syari'ah, an approach to Islamic studies, is a benchmark in answering society's problems. Maqasid Syariah is required to continuously transform following developments in conditions and times to realize humanity's problems. This paper discusses the transformation of maqasid al-shari'ah in implementing law for humanity by revealing the following problems: (1) How is the transformation of maqasid al-shari'ah from traditionalism to contemporary? and (2) What are the opportunities for developing the concept of maqasid al-shariah in implementing law for humanity? The research method used in this paper is library research, which is a source of data and information through classic and contemporary books and several journals. Maqasid al-Syari'ah is the goal of the Shari'ah ordained by Allah SWT, namely, to realize the benefit of humans in this world and the hereafter. The benefit goal is included in maslahah daruriyyah, namely hifz al-din, hifz al-nafs, hifz al-aql, hifz al-nasl and hifz al-mal. In subsequent developments, contemporary ulama expanded the area of maqasid al-shari'ah not only to individual reach but also to reach social, environmental, and state areas. Likewise, the maqasid al-shari'ah paradigm has developed from a paradigm of protection and development to a paradigm of development and human rights. The opportunity for maqasid al-shari'ah transformation in implementing the law for humanity is to realize the development of maslahah daruriyyah in several sectors of human life, such as the environment, society, and the state. So that the daruriyah maslahah has been added, namely hifz al-bi'ah, hifz al-ummah and hifz al-daulah.

Intercultural communication is a hot topic in today’s world which focuses on the relationships among people all around the world. Finding the role of linguistic, affective, and cultural components in intercultural communication has been a big problem in foreign language situations. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of linguistic, affective, and cultural components concurrently in Minoodasht, Iran. One hundred language teachers were selected through a convenience sampling procedure and then an Oxford placement test was run to check the homogeneity of the participants. An intercultural questionnaire also checked the intercultural communication level of teachers. In addition, 20 participants took part in the interview session willingly. To analyze the data, various quantitative and qualitative measures such as descriptive statistics, the Wilcoxon signed ranks test, and inductive content analyses were run. It was found that the linguistic component is the most vital macro-need in intercultural communication and the cultural and affective components were put in second and third place. It was also revealed that the affective component acts as a mediator between linguistic and cultural components. This study can be pedagogically important for language teachers and materials developers to include intercultural topics in their teaching sessions and textbooks respectively

The present paper aims to study cleaning the linen fabric wrappings used for mummies throughout ancient Egyptian history. It was applied to the linen fabric wrappings of Tayuheret’s mummy ( the Third Intermediate Period). The conservation and restoration of the mummy took the following stages; first the dating and technical/artistic analysis. The assessment of the impact which used materials in the mummification on the linen wrappings of the mummy, then, examining the role of deterioration factors on the physical and chemical characteristics of the linen fabric wrappings. Followed by, studying the latest examination types and scientific analysis for the sample of Tayuheret’s mummy (linen wrappings, mummification materials, and dyed linen fabric wraps). Finally, providing a restoration and conservation method of the linen fabric wrappings according to the scientific conditions of the conservation and restoration of archaeological linen fabric.

The current research aims to identify the reality of intellectual security among students at Tal Afar University. The descriptive approach was used as it is the most capable of describing a specific phenomenon. The sample consisted of (100) male and female students from the second stage of the mathematics department, morning study for the academic year (2023 - 2024). They were chosen randomly. To achieve the goal of the research, the researchers prepared an intellectual security scale, which consisted of (30) items with three alternatives (always - sometimes - rarely). The validity and reliability of the tool, as well as its psychometric properties, were verified. After analyzing the research data statistically using a one-sample test, the results showed: There is no statistically significant difference at the significance level (0.05) in the average scores of the intellectual security scale among students of the College of Basic Education, Tal Afar University. The researchers reached a set of conclusions and recommendations, as well as their proposals for future research in this aspect

Motorway service areas or rest area are defined as public facilities located next to a major road such as a motorway or a state highway, where drivers and passengers can rest, eat or refuel without exiting to secondary roads or entering cities, when choosing the location of the service area on the road, several factors must be taken into account, including: identifying the categories of road users and their requirements, the service buildings already on the road and the facilities in them, determining the distances between buildings on each road, determining the distance of the building from the right-of-way. The Arab Republic of Egypt occupies the thirty-first position in the world in terms of the length of its road network; the success of highways depends mainly on the network of services on it. Therefore, the need arose to study the design of service centers (rest areas) on the roads and the most important services they provide. With the increase in the negative impact of architecture on the environment, the need arose for a type of architecture that has less impact on the environment which is called environmental architecture. In this research, we will study the history and basics of designing service areas on the roads and the most important facilities and services that must be available in them and the alternative environmental methods to operate these centers as an alternative to traditional methods, and a case study of an already existing building that works with clean energies and sustainable practices.

The research deals with the topic of contrast between design thought and applied reality in advertising spaces. Coverage is one of the methods used by the designer for the purpose of showing the shape in an aesthetic way. With the intention of highlighting the aesthetic aspect in it and focusing on it without other forms, this concept may be associated with many and countless aspects in advertising design and as a basis for design thinking and then projecting it onto the reality of the applied side, while invisibility has a great deal of interest in several areas, because of this intellectual system And the applied study has an impact on its study and knowledge of its approaches and methods at the level of statement, disclosure and rhetoric in the presentation and inclusion of ideas and visions by evoking their data and synthesizing them according to rules and principles that embodied creativity in empowerment and expression, which led to the creation of formations capable of expressing hidden contents, as this dialectic revealed dimensions in Language, philosophy and sociology, after showing new dimensions in thought. The research contained four chapters, the first chapter included the methodological framework for the research, and the second chapter came with the theoretical framework, which includes two sections, the concept of concealment philosophically, the concept of invisibility in design, while the third chapter includes research procedures, research methodology, research community, research sample, business analysis, and finally the fourth chapter results Research, conclusions, recommendations, proposals, and Arabic and foreign sources based on the current research, in addition to an Arabic summary and an English summary

Medicinal plants or their secondary metabolites have shown different biological effects with a wide range of pharmacological properties; for instance, immune stimulator, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and many other properties. One of these medicinal plants is Ammi majus. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the cytogenetic impact of a methanolic extract of the Ammi majus plant on micronucleus formation, mitotic index and DNA damage in mice that had been given intraperitoneally mitoxantrone medicine (anticancer drug). Mice were divided into four groups, each group consisting of four mice: group I (positive control), mice treated with 0.008 mg/mouse mitoxantrone, group II (negative control), mice not given any treatment, group III, and group IV (interaction groups), mice treated with 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of plant extract three through seven, respectively, after receiving injections of the mitoxantrone drug on days one and two. The findings showed that, in comparison to positive and negative controls, the plant has the ability to induce the mitotic index to 10.67±2.33% and 12.65± 3.01% for 50 and 100 mg\kg respectively, compared to 5.31±1.33% for mitoxantrone treated mice. In addition, the results of micronucleus formation indicated the capacity of the plant to reduce its formation to 2.63 ±0.011 and 2.47±0.012 micronucleus\cell after treating the mice with Ammi majus two doses (50 and 100 mg\kg), in comparison to the drug that enhances micronucleus formation to (4.28± 0.00 micronucleus\cell). DNA damage results explained the ability of the plant to reduce DNA tail damage to 134 ±22.3 and 117 ±16.1% for 50 and 100 mg/kg of Ammi majus extract, respectively which increased to (176 ±11.23%) after mice were treated with drugs. All these findings may be attributed to plant-active compounds such as flavonoids and other constituents.

The research dealt with the study of (narrative aesthetics in Giorgione’s paintings), the nature of narration, its aesthetics, and the diversity of its concepts during the Renaissance period in general and the works of the artist Giorgione in particular. Through the research, questions were raised, such as: What is the aesthetics of narration in Giorgione’s paintings, and is narration an important part of Giorgione’s works because of its importance in identifying one of the figures of the Renaissance period, since few researchers paid attention to narration in painting, but they did not expand the analysis of Giorgione’s works, which A void form in the Arabic library. The study focused on the time period from (1500 - 1510) for Giorgione’s works executed on canvas, wood, or panel. The research dealt with the concepts of beauty and narrative in a philosophical manner through the concept of (beauty philosophically and artistically, and beauty in the Renaissance between religion and realism). A sample was collected. Research from a group of international sources and websites with the aim of analyzing them and obtaining answers to the research questions. The research concluded with a set of results and recommendations about narrative in the works of the artist Giorgione.

This research analyzes the optimization of independent curriculum management in forming superior student character in madrasas. This research uses a qualitative case study type approach. The data collection technique uses observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana Interactive Model with data condensation activities, data presentation, and concluding. The triangulation of sources and techniques obtains the validity of the data. The research results show that implementing Independent Curriculum Management to build student character is structured and reasonable. The implementation of Independent Curriculum Management includes five steps, namely increasing the efficiency of using curriculum resources, increasing fairness and opportunities for students, increasing the relevance and effectiveness of learning, increasing the effectiveness of teacher performance and student activities, and increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the teaching and learning process. These five steps are a process of organizational and functional strengthening of the madrasah for student character. Student character can be influenced by a conducive and collaborative learning culture and learning activities that are proactive and productive in their implementation.

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على فاعلية برنامج تدريبي في تعزيز الصحة النفسية لدي الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية مستخدمي الكرسي المتحرك, ومعرفة الفروق ذات الدلالة الإحصائية بين إجابات الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية مستخدمي الكرسي المتحرك، قبل تطبيق البرنامج التدريبي وبعد تطبيقه, ومعرفة الفروق ذات الدلالة الإحصائية بين إجابات الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية مستخدمي الكرسي المتحرك ترجع لمتغيرات الدارسة النوع, نوع الكرسي, تصنيف الإعاقة, استخدمت الدراسة المنهج شبه التجريبي, والبرنامج التدريبي والمقياس أدوات لها تمثل مجتمع الدراسة في الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية مستخدمي الكرسي المتحرك جامعة الجزيرة، واتخذت الدراسة عينة قصدية تمثلت في جميع الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية مستخدمي الكرسي المتحرك والبالغ عددهم (13) شخص, وتم تحليل النتائج بواسطة برنامج الحزم الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماع (spss), وتوصلت الدراسة إلي أنه توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين إجابات الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية مستخدمي الكرسي المتحرك قبل تطبيق البرنامج التدريبي وبعد تطبيقه, لصالح إجابات الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية مستخدمي الكرسي المتحرك بعد تطبيق البرنامج, و لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين إجابات الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية مستخدمي الكرسي المتحرك, بعد تطبق البرنامج ترجع لنوع الشخص, و أنه لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين إجابات الأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية مستخدمي الكرسي المتحرك ترجع لنوع الكرسي, لصالح الأشخاص مستخدمي الكرسي الآلي, و توصي الدراسة بتكاتف الجهود لتعزيز الصحة النفسية للأشخاص ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية مستخدمي الكرسي المتحرك.

Pembelajaran dan pembiasaan bahasa Arab di Pondok Pesantren Daarul Ma’arif Pasawahan Purwakarta diwarnai dengan adanya perbedaan yang menonjol pada kepribadian santri yang introvert dan ekstrovert. Perbedaan tersebut secara langsung atau tidak langsung berpengaruh terhadap capaian mereka dalam memperoleh keterampilan berbahasa Arab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kepribadian santri antara yang introvert dan ekstrovert, kemudian mengetahui dampaknya terhadap pemerolehan bahasa Arab, serta problematika yang dihadapi oleh keduanya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan langkah-langkap pengambilan datanya adalah observasi, wawancara, angket, dan dokumentasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu santri dengan kepribadian introvert mengalami kendala dalam pemerolehan bahasa Arab disebabkan oleh rasa malu yang sangat tinggi sehingga kesulitan dalam mempraktikkan bahasa Arab secara langsung, hal ini juga dipengaruhi karena kurangnya mereka dalam berinteraksi secara sosial sehingga penguasaan dan pengalaman terhadap kosakata kurang terpenuhi dengan baik. Santri dengan kepribadian ektrovert juga mengalami kendala dalam pemerolehan bahasa, mereka terkendala dengan penguasaan kosakata dan juga pemahaman dan penguasaan terhadap kaidah bahasa Arab.

The purpose of this review article is to introduce the large number of PRF-related studies that have been published to date in the dental industry to better comprehend the clinical processes where Platelet-rich Fibrin may be used to promote bone and tissue growth as it has been shown that Platelet-rich Fibrin increases platelet and fibrin concentration when placed which in turn will eventually speed up the rate of bone development in grafts and enhance the density of the bone created in the region of cleft palate. According to some, the high concentration of platelets, which contain a range of growth factors, is what causes these biomaterials' effects. In addition, the review will highlight the history of evolution, classification, and protocols for platelet-rich fibrin production. Finally, the application of platelet-rich fibrin in cleft lip and palate patients will be reviewed.

هدف البحث الى: التعرف على درجة الاستقرار النفسي لدى طالبات المرحلة الثانية في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة للبنات / جامعة بغداد واعداد وحدات تعليمية على وفق استراتيجية المناقشة النشطة في كرة السلة للطالبات ، وافترض الباحثون لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية في الاستقرار النفسي وتطوير بعض المهارات الهجومية المركبة في كرة السلة للطالبات ولصالح الاختبار البعدي ، استعمل الباحثون المنهج التجريبي لملائمته لطبيعة ومشكلة البحث على عينة من طالبات المرحلة الثانية في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة للبنات / جامعة بغداد للعام الدراسي 2023 – 2024 والبالغ عددهم (45) طالبة واستنتج الباحثون: أثر الوحدات المعدة من قبل الباحثون باستعمال استراتيجية المناقشة النشطة على المجموعة التجريبية حيث تفوقت على المجموعة الضابطة و يوصي الباحثون بما يلي الاعتماد على الوحدات التعليمية المعدة على وفق استراتيجية المناقشة النشطة في تطوير بعض المهارات الهجومية المركبة في كرة السلة في كليات التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة لدورها الفعال في تعلم المهارات

يهدف البحث إلى تحليل أثر بعض المتغيرات الاقتصادية الكلية في اجمالي تكون رأس المال الثابت في العراق خلال المدة (1990-2021)، ولتحقيق أهداف البحث تم استخدام المنهج الاستقرائي بالاعتماد على أدواته الإحصائية والقياسية باستعمال البرنامج الاحصائي (EVIEWS 9) بغية اجراء الاختبارات الإحصائية المطلوبة، فضلاً عن المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي لعرض الجانب النظري والتحليل لمتغيرات البحث، إذ تم استعمال منهجية الانحدار الذاتي للفجوات الزمنية الموزعة المتباطئة (ARDL) لتقدير العلاقة في الآجلين القصير والطويل. وقد توصل البحث إلى استنتاج مهم يتمثل في أن المتغيرات المستقلة تفسر المتغير التابع بنسبة (90%) من خلال اختبار معامل التحديد R-squared، ووجود علاقة تكامل مشترك بين متغيرات البحث بحسب اختبار الحدود، إذ إن قيمة (F) المحتسبة قد بلغت (12.376) وهي أكبر من الحد الأعلى عند مستوى الدلالة (5%) والبالغة (5.61) ومن أهم التوصيات التي خرج بها البحث هو العناية بالاستثمارات في القطاعات الإنتاجية والعمل على زيادة العوامل التي تؤثر بشكل إيجابي في خلق الاستثمارات كتطوير أساليب الإنتاج الجديدة، وزيادة الانفاق الرأسمالي على حساب الانفاق الجاري، كذلك توجيه السياسات الاقتصادية إلى اتباع نهج اقتصادي سليم يهدف إلى حماية ودعم الانفاق الاستثماري لتحقيق التنافسية للاقتصاد الكلي.

Pesantren adalah Lembaga pendidikan klasik yang masih eksis hingga saat ini. Seiring perkembangan zaman, kini Lembaga pesantren selalu memiliki Lembaga pendidikan formal yakni berupa sekolah atau madrasah. Siswa/santri yang tinggal di pesantren diidentikkan sebagai siswa/santri yang tidak mengenal kemajuan jaman, apalagi mereka tidak diizinkan menggunakan alat komunikasi berupa handphone. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengungkapkan terkait upaya dan usaha Lembaga pendidikan berbasis pesantren MTs Al-Jihadul Chakim dalam memfasilitasi siswanya agar melek literasi digital untuk keberlangsungan hidup yang seimbang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan berfokus pada literasi digital. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa MTs Al-Jihadul Chakim sebagai madrasah berbasis pesantren memberikan program dan fasilitas agar siswinya memiliki kemampuan literasi digital. Bentuk dari upaya tersebut berupa program-program madrasah seperti pembelajaran berbasis TIK, pendampingan dalam mengelola media sosial dengan bijak, pembinaan skill desain grafis dan foto/videografi.

Questa presente ricerca mira ad analizzare, a livello linguistico, una delle più famose commedie del drammaturgo napoletano Eduardo De Filippo, vale a dire; Napoli milionaria! 1945, mostrando come il dialetto napoletano, con cui viene scritta la pièce teatrale, si incontrava con una lingua straniera (inglese) in una delle scene del secondo atto, ambientata durante lo sbarco degli alleati 1943. Difatti, l’autore attraverso tali scene cattura la ricchezza linguistica della Napoli del periodo, evidenziando come le diverse lingue e voci si intreccino, riflettendo la vita quotidiana in una città multiculturale. Questa scelta linguistica rivela non solo l'influenza degli eventi storici, ma rivela anche la volontà di De Filippo di riflettere l'evoluzione della lingua e della cultura nella Napoli del tempo e il loro contatto con l'altro. Abstract This present research aims to linguistically analyze one of the most famous comedies by the Neapolitan playwright Eduardo De Filippo, namely "Napoli milionaria! 1945", showing how the Neapolitan dialect, in which the play is written, encounters a foreign language (English) in one of the scenes of the second act, set during the Allied landing in 1943. Indeed, through these scenes, the author captures the linguistic richness of Naples during that period, highlighting how different languages and voices intertwine, reflecting daily life in a multicultural city. This linguistic choice not only reveals the influence of historical events but also De Filippo's intention to reflect the evolution of language and culture in Naples at that time and their contact with the other.

تعددت الدراسات للأدب الأندلسي؛ وهُنا أردنا أنْ نسلط الضوء على شخصيّة أنْدلسيّة لم يكُن لها استقلالية في الاهتمام والدّراسة، وقد تحدَّثت عنها مصادر ومراجع الأدب الأندلسي بشكل واضح، وقد جاء هذا البحث لِيُبيّن سيرتها وكل ما يتعلّق بها إلى وفاتها، ومّما يُحتسب لها مكانتها العلمية والدينية والسياسية والاجتماعي المميَّزة النَّادرة في عصر ملوك الطوائف الأندلسية، فوجدنا لها تمجيد تاريخي وأدبي من خلال ما اثبتته المصادر وقد اثبتنا ذلك؛ فكان لها أخبار وآثار مشرقة تستدعي الانتباه لها والاهتمام بها ومعرفتها بشكل أدق، ولذلك نعتقد أنَّ هذا العمل يُعدُّ وثيقة اكاديمية تشهد للهوزني بسيرته المُشرِّفة وبنتاجه الأدبي المتميَّز.

As late as thirty years ago, one would not find articles on civil law A (I am using the term to mean non-Shariah law applicable in Malaysia) and Islamic law, articles containing comparisons of the two laws on the same subject, not even articles written by civil law lawyers and Shariah scholars, in the same volume. Civil law lawyers would write in English on purely civil law issues and publish them In law journals or books. Sharilah scholars, at least in Malaysia, would write, more often, compile materials on religious subjects, especially pertaining to "ibadah". They do not write academic articles the way civil law lawyers do, what more in English. This is partly due to the fact that civil lawyers do not know Islamic law and Islamic Scholars do not know civil law. Because of this ignorance and misconceptions, civil law lawyers considered islamic law as outdated, Arab-based, draconian religious law which some Islamic extremists were trying to re-establish. The Islamic Scholars and "ustazs", on the other hand brushed aside civil law as man-made law that is sinful to follow or even as the law of the unbelievers!

The nomenclature of a subject matter represents the inherent characteristics and attributes of an item. In the context of the food sector, there exists a strong correlation between the name and commercial impact of a particular product. The choice of the name of a product names is significant for purposes of branding and marketing. Nevertheless, some parties combine illegal and permissible elements in the process of choosing product names, such as “hotdog”, “beer”, and others. The combination of brand names for halal products has become a subject of contention among Muslim scholars and customers, due to the ambiguity surrounding their halal status. This study examines the legal and Islamic implications of associating a halal product with a name that imputes prohibited elements from the perspective of the evidences found in al-Quran and hadith and the country's halal regulatory framework and the Shariah as a whole. Library research and content analysis are employed as methodologies to obtain relevant information on the subject matter of this research. The results of this study indicate that the definition of halal, as outlined in the halal legislation of this country is limited and is only restricted to food ingredients, products and services. Further, there exists a loophole in the powers conferred upon the relevant agencies to ascertain the suitability of the nomenclature to be in accordance with the principles of the Shariah, thereby ensuring adherence to the concept of halalan tayyiban in its entirety for each halal product. Abstrak Nama melambangkan identiti sesuatu benda. Dalam industri makanan, hal ini sangat berkait rapat dengan pengaruh komersial bagi satu-satu produk. Berikutan itu, pemilihan nama produk penting bagi tujuan penjenamaan dan pemasaran. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat pihak yang menggandingkan unsur-unsur haram dan halal dalam pemilihan nama produk seperti Hotdog, Beer dan sebagainya. Penggabungan nama seperti ini bagi produk halal menjadi pertikaian dalam kalangan ulama dan pengguna kerana mendatangkan kekeliruan terhadap status halalnya. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini membahas status penamaan sesuatu produk halal yang digandingkan dengan nama yang mempunyai unsur haram dari perspektif kerangka nas al-Quran dan hadis, perundangan halal negara dan hukum Islam. Kajian kepustakaan dan analisis dokumen digunakan untuk mendapatkan maklumat kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati konsep halal yang ditakrifkan di bawah kerangka perundangan halal negara sangat terhad dan hanya terpakai kepada kandungan makanan, barangan atau perkhidmatan sahaja. Malahan terdapat juga kelompongan terhadap kuasa agensi yang berkaitan dalam memastikan penggunaan nama yang bersesuaian yang selari dengan prinsip syariah dalam menjamin pematuhan konsep halalan tayyiban secara kolektif bagi satu-satu produk halal.

شهدت السنوات الأخيرة اهتمامًا للمنظمات -بما فيها المنظمات التعليمية- بنظرية القيادة الخادمة نظير آثارها الإيجابية على الطلاب والمعلمين والمجتمع. وتهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى مراجعة الأدبيات العلمية المنشورة؛ لاكتشاف درجة ممارسة القيادة الخادمة في عدد من المدارس في الدول العربية، وقد وضعت الدراسة معايير محدَّدة لاختيار الأدبيات التي استُخدِمت في مراجعة الأدبيات، وقد تم اختيار ومراجعة 52 مقالة علمية نُشِرت عن ممارسة القيادة الخادمة في المدارس ، وذلك في الفترة ما بين 2007 م إلى 2023م. وبعد تحليل الدراسات وجدت الدراسة الحالية أن معظم الدراسات العربية العلمية المنشورة حول تطبيق القيادة الخادمة في المدارس هي أبحاث منشورة من قِبَل باحثين ينتمون للمملكة العربية السعودية، وكما وجدت الدراسة أن جميع الدراسات حول القيادة الخادمة في المدارس العربية هي دراسات كَمِّيَّة، ولا يُوجد دراسات نوعية، وقد أشارت نتائج الدراسة الحالية إلى أن درجة ممارسة القيادة الخادمة في المدارس العربية بشكل عام مرتفعة، فقد وجدت 35 دراسة من أصل 52 أن الإدارة المدرسية تمارس أبعاد القيادة الخادمة بدرجة مرتفعة، فيما كشفت 15 دراسة أن ممارسة القيادة الخادمة كانت بدرجة متوسطة في مدارس بعض الدول العربية، وقد وجدت دراستان فقط أن درجة ممارسة القياد الخادمة كانت بدرجة منخفضة. وقد اقترحت الدراسة بعض التوصيات.

The current research aims to know the extreme temperament of secondary school principals, and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, after the researcher has defined the concept of (extreme temperament), she decided to build an extreme temperament scale consisting of (45) items and in front of each item (5) alternatives (always, sometimes, Rarely, often, never), and to ensure the reliability of the tool, the researchers presented the tool to a group of arbitrators in education, psychology and construction validity by finding the correlation coefficient and the degree of the paragraph with the degree of the total scale and calculating the distinction of paragraphs by the method of the two extreme groups and the Facronbach equation, where the reliability coefficient reached (0 And it was applied to a sample of (400) principals and secondary school principals, and after collecting information and using appropriate statistical methods, the following showed: Preparing guidance programs for school principals to develop a moderate temperament style

The frequent changes in government policies regarding higher education curricula pose a problem for many universities. One recent policy that has caused issues is the "MBKM" curriculum, which also influences State Islamic Religious Colleges. This study aims to reveal how the Arabic Language Teaching Department of UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang developed a semi-parallel structure by combining parallel and serial structures. A case study approach was employed, with the Arabic language teaching department of UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang as the main research subject. Data was collected through interviews and documentation. The data analysis consisted of three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed that the semi-parallel curriculum structure implemented by the Arabic language teaching department fulfills two curriculum standards. Firstly, it meets the demand for curriculum standardization based on the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework (KKNI) outlined in Higher Education Regulation No. 44, 2015. Secondly, the semi-parallel curriculum structure corresponds to the curriculum standards set forth by the Indonesian Arabic Teachers Association (IMLA) in 2019. So, the development of a semi-parallel curriculum structure for the Arabic Language Teaching department has proven to be following national standards, even though policies often change.

This study aimed to assess the effect of autologous bone marrow on metacarpal and metatarsal fractures in goats presented to the indoor surgery clinic at the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS) in Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 20 female Beetal goats weighing 20-22.5 kg and aged 8-12 months were allocated into equal groups of five animals each: G1, G2, G3, and G4. Animals in G1 were fixed with a linear external skeletal fixator, and animals in G3 were fixed with a circular fixator and treated with multiple aspirates from the bone marrow, while animals in G2 were fixed the same way as G1, and animals in G4 were fixed the same way as G3 and treated with normal saline on days 0, 14, and 28. The radiographic union scale (RUS) and weight-bearing score (WBS) were used to evaluate the post-treatment rate of repair, and sero-biochemical changes were observed on days 0, 7, 14, 28, and 45. The results showed a significant difference (P

Textile designs are one of the most important means to attract the consumer and market of the textile product, and since the operational methods are based on experience and simulation without reference to accurate technical standards, where the implementation methods often simulate some imported designs without developing the operational methods and their suitability for performance Career.Gobelin fabrics are one of the ancient textile methods, used in the production of upholstery and hanging fabrics , where the main purpose of the research is to developing innovative methods for designing Gobelin fabrics, where most of the goblin designs execute in a stereotypical style that depends, as in the first experiment, which use three weft colors, but the second experiment use five weft colors and third experiment use six weft colors , which not used in the market and are implemented with innovative textile structures from the researcher’s hypotheses by varying the number of colors and raw materials of the weft used , through the difference in the number of colors and type of weft materials used , to determine the effectiveness of the artistic and technical performance of each design method , which create competition in the design field quickly , to fit the positive requirements of production . The main variables to methods and curriculum design innovative by the researcher to control their rates to determine the technical dimensional as follows: -1. Variation in the number of weft colors used (3colors - 5 colors - 6 colors).2. Type of weft materials used (cotton - polyester).By this method, 6 samples were produced for one design suitable for use with Goblan fabrics. The samples were woven and the executive methods used in the implementation of the research samples were analyzed, and the best method was selected from them based on a questionnaire presented to specialists.

Since ancient times, man has been keen to provide means of comfort and safety in his dwelling and the surrounding environment around that space by observing and harnessing them for his benefit within his dwelling or the space he uses. Surrounded by atmospheric, climatic, psychological and behavioral conditions and knowing the developments that occur in technology for the purpose of benefiting from them in adapting the environment that we use and we strive to make it ideal. Therefore, we must know the mechanisms and systems that bring us to this peak and try to achieve them or look at them for the purpose of using them in the correct scientific ways that provide us with psychological comfort Health, material and economic, through which we will address the mechanisms of environmental adaptation in the interior spaces of the gymnasiums. Their compatibility for gym users, the research also focused on presenting a study called for the need to improve the health and environmental level and knowledge of the mechanisms of environmental adaptation. It has the ability to detect environmental control systems and the extent to which internal space users adapt to them. As for the second chapter, it contained the details of the theoretical framework for the research and was divided into two chapters. The first chapter presented the environmental control systems in gymnasiums, and the second chapter presented theoretical interpretations of the concept of environment and adaptation. The methodology of the research adopted in the third chapter, which included the research procedures and methodology, so we relied on the descriptive approach of the total research community according to the reasons revealed in the analysis through the indicators of the theoretical framework, while the fourth chapter included a review of the results from which the theoretical material was summarized for the second chapter and from Most notably, the most important basics in achieving adaptation is that the space is independent and has a unit of idea and design of its own according to approved standards. For the purpose of achieving success, the designer must be aware of the nature of the region and its climate to control the adaptive, environmental and health systems, as well as knowing the amount of air, humidity and standard temperatures to achieve The best results

This study aimed to measure the impact of using administrative information systems on the management of public hospitals in Baghdad. A descriptive and analytical approach was employed in this study. A specific questionnaire was designed and distributed to 440 individuals, including employees, department heads, and managers in leading public hospitals in Baghdad. A total of 154 valid responses were received for analysis.The key findings indicated that the participants had a positive assessment of administrative information systems. There was a positive relationship between the use of administrative information systems and hospital management. Additionally, all dimensions of administrative information systems had a positive impact on hospital management. Several recommendations emerged from the study, including the need to enhance the hospital's administrative information system and technology to improve efficiency and quality. Developing the organizational structure and fostering collaboration between departments, enhancing supervision, and developing leadership skills were also recommended. Furthermore, analyzing the financial and operational dimensions was advised to enhance financial management and daily operations in the hospital. Implementing best practices in patient management and emergency procedures was recommended to improve healthcare quality.

Obesity-related deaths continue to rise, and thus losing weight in overweight and obese patients is critical to prevent complications. Anredera cordifolia (Ten,) Steenis, species of succulent plant of the genus Basellaceae, is widely used in herbal medicine to decrease body weight. This study evaluated the potential benefits of Anredera cordifolia ethanol extract to reduce body weight in high-fat diet-induced obesity rat model. This was an experimental with post-test only control group design study involving 36 obese rats. They were divided into two groups: three control groups (K1, K2, K3) and three treatment groups (P1, P2, P3). All the groups were induced with high-fat diet, except K1 control group that received a standard diet. K2 group received no treatment, and K3 group was given orlistat. Whereas, treatment group received Anredera cordifolia ethanol extract at different dose, such as 50 mg/kg BW (P1), 100 mg/kg BW (P2), and 150 mg/kg BW (P3). After 4 weeks of treatment, all groups of rats were sacrificed. ERK levels and PPARγ in abdominal visceral adipose tissue were measured using ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Body weight and abdominal circumference were measured through anthropometric examination. Weight loss was observed in the groups that received 100 and 150 mg/kg BW Anredera cordifolia ethanol extract, followed by the decrease in ERK levels and PPAR expression. Ethanol extract of Anredera cordifolia used as an antiobesity in this study decreased PPARγ transcription factor and reduced ERK levels to inhibit adipogenesis.