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Tertiary amine organic macromolecule cationic ffocculant" D-PAM) was synthesized by grafting diethylamine onto polyacrylamide ( PAM ) based on Mannich reaction and used for high turbidity water treatment. The optimal conditions for preparing D-PAM ffocculant and treating high turbidity wastewater were determined by comparing different raw material feed ratios, pH values, reaction time, and reaction temperatures. The results showed that when the molar ratio of PAMu formaldehyde: diethylamine = 1u 0. 7: 0. 85,pH = 9 - 11, reaction temperature 45 - 50 °C, formaldehyde reaction time G1 = 1 h, diethylamine reaction time G2 =2 h,the grafting effect was the best. At the same time,the ffocculant has good treatment effect on high turbidity wastewater. The optimal ffocculation condition is to use 0. 7 mL of 1 D-PAM solution under strong acid or alkali conditions,quickly stir at 300 r/min for 4 min,then stir at 180 r/min for 7 min, settle for 20 min, and achieve a maximum turbidity removal rate of 99. 81 . The synthesized ffocculant can be used for the treatment of high turbidity wastewater and oily wastewater simultaneously, obtaining a new type of cationic ffocculant that can treat wastewater with dual functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking recycled concrete as the research object, fly ash was selected to replace cement. By adjusting the proportion of fly ash, high performance fly ash recycled concrete with different replacement rates (0, 10%, 30%, 50% and 70%) was prepared. The effects of different replacement rates of fly ash on the micro morphology, mechanical properties, flexural toughness and frost resistance of recycled concrete were studied. The results showed that there wasn't new hydration product after adding fly ash, but the hydration reaction rate was accelerated, the diffraction peak strength of Ca(OH)2 was increased, and the fly ash particles were more closely combined with the hydration product gel, which enhanced the compactness of recycled concrete. When the re-placement rate of fly ash was 50%, the structure of recycled concrete was the most dense. With the increase of replacement rate of fly ash. the compressive strength and flexural strength of recycled concrete increased first and then decreased. When the replacement rate of fly ash was 50%, the compressive strength and flexural strength at 28 d reached the maximum value, 44.2 and 5.96 MPa, respectively, and the deflection reached the maximum value of 7.7 mm, with the strongest deformation resistance. With the increase of freeze-thaw cycles, the surface peeling phenomenon of recycled concrete intensified. With the increase of replacement rate of fly ash, the mass loss of recycled concrete decreased first and then increased, and the relative dynamic elastic modulus increased first and then decreased. When the freeze-thaw cycle was TOO times and the replacement rate of fly ash was 50%, the minimum mass loss rate of recycled concrete was -0.09%, the maximum relative dynamic modulus of elasticity was 94.52%, and the frost resistance was the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to explore the effect of different additives on nutritional value and microbial community of whole plant quinoa silage. Four varieties (lines) of quinoa were selected in experiment, including purplish red, SC-1, ZK-1 and ZK-5. The quinoa silage was made by adding lactic acid bacteria (0.05 g/kg), cellulase (0.5 g/kg) and formic acid (4 mL/kg). Direct silage was used as control group (CK). Quinoa silage for 60 d, the change of nutrient composition and the number of microorganism in quinoa were determined. The results showed that the sensory evaluation grade of additive silage of the four quinoa varieties (lines) was Grade I (excellent), and the quinoa silage made with lactic acid bacteria and formic acid as additives had the highest score. The dry matter content of quinoa silage prepared with three additives was significantly higher than that in control group ( P<0.05), and NDF content of SC-1 and ZK-1 quinoa silage in cellulase group was significantly lower than that in control group ( P<0.05). The content of ADF in four varieties quinoa silage in cellulase group were significantly lower than those in control group ( P<0.05), and the content of WSC in four varieties quinoa silage in cellulase group were higher than those in control group ( P<0.05). After quinoa silage, the content of lactic acid bacteria was 1.2×104~1.3×106 CFU/g, the number of yeast and mold colonies was less than 10² CFU/g, and pH value was between 3.56 and 3.9.The study indicates that the addition of lactic acid bacteria, cellulase, formic acid to quinoa silage can improve the quality of quinoa silage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the mechanism of short-chain fatty acids in alleviating γδT cell-mediated inflammatory response. Methods A certain concentration of short-chain fatty acids was used to intervene in rat intestinal-derived γδT cells. CCK-8 was used to detect the effect of shortchain fatty acids on γδT activity. ELISA was used to detect the content of the IL-17A, RT-qPCR was utilized to detect the expression of the IL-17A, and flow cytometry was applied to analyze the IL-17+ γδT cell frequency. The effect of SCFAs on IL-17A and NF-κB signaling pathway in γδT cells were observed by Western blot. Results CCK-8 assay showed that the concentration of sodium acetate was less than or equal to 0.5 mmol/L, and the concentrations of sodium propionate, sodium butyrate, and mixed short-chain fatty acids were less than or equal to 0.25 mmol/L, indicating no inhibitory effect on the proliferation of γδT cells. ELISA and RT-qPCR showed that the treatment of γδT cells with sodium propionate, sodium butyrate, and mixed short-chain fatty acids significantly decreased the levels of IL-17A compared with the control group. Flow cytometry revealed a significant decrease in the proportion of IL-17+ γδT cells under the treatment of sodium propionate, sodium butyrate, mixed shortchain fatty acids, and TSA intervention. Western blot found that sodium propionate, sodium butyrate, and mixed shortchain fatty acids could inhibit the expression of IL-17A and IKK, as well as the phosphorylation level of NF-κB. Conclusion Shortchain fatty acids could inhibit the activation of IL-17A and NF-κB signaling pathway in γδT cells, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response in the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design and synthesis of photocatalytic materials and their application in environmental pollution control and resource recycling have been reported in many literatures. However, most photocatalytic materials contain transition metal ions, and the environmental risks of leaching 1imit the application of catalytic materials. Silicon carbide (SiC), as the representative of the third generation of semiconductor materials, has a good potential application prospect in environmental pollution prevention because of Is characteristics such as no transition metal ions, high temperature and acid-alkali resistance, strong stability and so on. In recent years, some literatures have reported the synthesis, modification and application of SiC as photocatalyst n environment and resource recycling -fields. However, few temperatures have reviewed the application progress of SiC photocatalyst. In view of the above situation, the progress in the -field of SiC photocatalysis application in recent years was reviewed in tins paper, including synthesis method, doping medication and application, and the prospects of the photocatalyst system were also prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]