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Experimenters should have enough capability to prevent and deal with risks in experiments. Basic safety knowledge is only one part of the "puzzle" of this capability. Safety education needs to change from imparting knowledge to training capability. This paper puts forward the concept of safety protection capability ( SPC ), and systematically discusses the five components of SPC, including eight aspects of safety awareness, two kinds of safety knowledge, analysis capability of risk factors, design capability of protection scheme, verification and implementation capability of the protection scheme . This paper also proposes a comprehensive training mode, which asks students to learn the basic knowledge of safety protection firstly, then to deduce the experiments theoretically, and to practice the experiments in reality. Four-year practical experience has proved that this training mode enables students to obtain an improvement of SPC [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By using a " one cup with two spaces" structure, a hot and cold separation type high temperature thermoelectric generating cup is successfully manufactured. Compared with the traditional thermoelectric generator cup, the power generation efficiency is greatly improved. By using the "one cup with two spaces" structure, the cup body is divided into two parts, and the one part is filled with hot water, the other is filled with cold water. The thermoelectric generator is arranged in a heat conducting clapboard which separates the cup body, and the electricity is generated by temperature difference of the cold and hot water, and the cold water is also used for heat dissipation. Thereby, the defects of e traditional thermoelectric generator cups are overcome, the resistance of the thermoelectric generation chip is not increased greatly, and the generation efficiency of the thermoelectric generating cup is greatly improved. On the other hand," one cup with two spaces" structure can satisfy people's demand for drinking water with different temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]