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Tertiary amine organic macromolecule cationic ffocculant" D-PAM) was synthesized by grafting diethylamine onto polyacrylamide ( PAM ) based on Mannich reaction and used for high turbidity water treatment. The optimal conditions for preparing D-PAM ffocculant and treating high turbidity wastewater were determined by comparing different raw material feed ratios, pH values, reaction time, and reaction temperatures. The results showed that when the molar ratio of PAMu formaldehyde: diethylamine = 1u 0. 7: 0. 85,pH = 9 - 11, reaction temperature 45 - 50 °C, formaldehyde reaction time G1 = 1 h, diethylamine reaction time G2 =2 h,the grafting effect was the best. At the same time,the ffocculant has good treatment effect on high turbidity wastewater. The optimal ffocculation condition is to use 0. 7 mL of 1 D-PAM solution under strong acid or alkali conditions,quickly stir at 300 r/min for 4 min,then stir at 180 r/min for 7 min, settle for 20 min, and achieve a maximum turbidity removal rate of 99. 81 . The synthesized ffocculant can be used for the treatment of high turbidity wastewater and oily wastewater simultaneously, obtaining a new type of cationic ffocculant that can treat wastewater with dual functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking recycled concrete as the research object, fly ash was selected to replace cement. By adjusting the proportion of fly ash, high performance fly ash recycled concrete with different replacement rates (0, 10%, 30%, 50% and 70%) was prepared. The effects of different replacement rates of fly ash on the micro morphology, mechanical properties, flexural toughness and frost resistance of recycled concrete were studied. The results showed that there wasn't new hydration product after adding fly ash, but the hydration reaction rate was accelerated, the diffraction peak strength of Ca(OH)2 was increased, and the fly ash particles were more closely combined with the hydration product gel, which enhanced the compactness of recycled concrete. When the re-placement rate of fly ash was 50%, the structure of recycled concrete was the most dense. With the increase of replacement rate of fly ash. the compressive strength and flexural strength of recycled concrete increased first and then decreased. When the replacement rate of fly ash was 50%, the compressive strength and flexural strength at 28 d reached the maximum value, 44.2 and 5.96 MPa, respectively, and the deflection reached the maximum value of 7.7 mm, with the strongest deformation resistance. With the increase of freeze-thaw cycles, the surface peeling phenomenon of recycled concrete intensified. With the increase of replacement rate of fly ash, the mass loss of recycled concrete decreased first and then increased, and the relative dynamic elastic modulus increased first and then decreased. When the freeze-thaw cycle was TOO times and the replacement rate of fly ash was 50%, the minimum mass loss rate of recycled concrete was -0.09%, the maximum relative dynamic modulus of elasticity was 94.52%, and the frost resistance was the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to explore the effect of different additives on nutritional value and microbial community of whole plant quinoa silage. Four varieties (lines) of quinoa were selected in experiment, including purplish red, SC-1, ZK-1 and ZK-5. The quinoa silage was made by adding lactic acid bacteria (0.05 g/kg), cellulase (0.5 g/kg) and formic acid (4 mL/kg). Direct silage was used as control group (CK). Quinoa silage for 60 d, the change of nutrient composition and the number of microorganism in quinoa were determined. The results showed that the sensory evaluation grade of additive silage of the four quinoa varieties (lines) was Grade I (excellent), and the quinoa silage made with lactic acid bacteria and formic acid as additives had the highest score. The dry matter content of quinoa silage prepared with three additives was significantly higher than that in control group ( P<0.05), and NDF content of SC-1 and ZK-1 quinoa silage in cellulase group was significantly lower than that in control group ( P<0.05). The content of ADF in four varieties quinoa silage in cellulase group were significantly lower than those in control group ( P<0.05), and the content of WSC in four varieties quinoa silage in cellulase group were higher than those in control group ( P<0.05). After quinoa silage, the content of lactic acid bacteria was 1.2×104~1.3×106 CFU/g, the number of yeast and mold colonies was less than 10² CFU/g, and pH value was between 3.56 and 3.9.The study indicates that the addition of lactic acid bacteria, cellulase, formic acid to quinoa silage can improve the quality of quinoa silage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With HEMA and DMC as comonomers, the water-soluble copolymer mercapto-poly (methacrylic acid-β-hydroxyethyl (HS-P (HEMA-co-DMC)) containing hydroxyl, mercapto and ammonium cations in the side chain was prepared by free radical polymerization and sulfhydryl conversion reaction. The rheological properties and morphology of the two types of composite hydrogels, which were formed by HS-P (HEMA-co-DMC) reacting respectively with polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) and surface-loaded laponite (Laponite RD) by the physical / chemical cross-linking reaction, were measured by rheometry and SEM. The results showed that the gel storage modulus and loss factor of HS-P ( HEMA-co-DMC )/LaponiteRD composite hydrogel were respectively 3468 Pa and 0. 34 with a solid content of 22%, showing obvious viscoelastic behavior of the crosslinked points. At the same solid content, HS-P ((HEMA-co-DMC)/PEGDA composite hydrogel had a storage modulus of 1484 Pa and a loss factor of 0.013, showing the viscoelastic behavior of a typical covalently crosslinked gel. HS-P ((HEMA-co-DMC)/Laponite RD composite hydrogel had a denser pore structure than HS-P (HEMA-co-DMC)/PEGDA composite hydrogel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanism of salt tolerance in plants had been the focus of plant resistance research in the past years. As the development of biology and application of new fluorescent labeling technologies, determination of intracellular free sodium had been gradually applied to the study of salt tolerance in plants. This review discussed three points as follows: (1) Introduction of three fluorescent indicators of intracellular free sodium: SBFI, Sodium Green and CoroNa Green. SBFI was a kind of fluorescent indicator for excitation ratio measurements, its emission ratio detected at 500 nm when excited at 340/380 nm. Sodium Green and CoroNa Green were fluorescent indicators that lacked a significant shift in emission or excitation wavelength upon binding to Na+. Sodium Green and CoroNa Green could be detected at 532 nm and 516 nm when excited at 507 nm and 492 nm respectively; (2) Compared the advantages and disadvantages of the protocols of loading the fluorescent indicators into cells, including AM esters of the fluorescent probes, acid loading, electroporation and microinjection. A non-invasive loading of acetoxymethyl ester under low temperature was introduced: loading the fluorescent indicator into cells by incubating the cells in solution at 4 °C for 2 h followed by 2 h incubation in the dye-free solution at 20 °C; (3) The measurement of the internal sodium concentration in cells was illustrated. The equation for measurement of fluorescence intensity that lacked a significant shift in emission or excitation wavelength was: [Na+] = Kd(F - Fmin)/(Fmax - F). Fluorescence intensity (F) was targeted fluorescence intensity. Fmin was appropriate mixtures of low Na+, and Fmax was appropriate maximum of high Na+. The equation for measurement of fluorescence intensity ratio was: [Na+] = KdQ(R - Rmin)/(Rmax - R). The ratio of fluorescence intensity (R) was the ration F1/F2 of the fluorescence intensity. Fmin was the ratio of appropriate mixtures of low Na+, and Fmax was the ratio of appropriate maximum of high Na+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vacuum mixing is a new method of dough mixing in noodle industrial production which allows more water in the noodle formula and facilitates gluten development. The quantity and molecular structure of glutenin macropolymer (GMP) governs the gluten strength and dough properties, especially in flour products' processing. In order to learn about the changes of GMP characteristics under vacuum mixing, 3 wheat cultivars with different quality were selected as the material, and mixing experiments were conducted under different vacuum levels (0, 0.06 and 0.08 MPa). GMP content and particle size distributions of freeze-dried noodle doughs were determined, and the free sulfhydryl group (-SH) contents in total protein and GMP were measured respectively using Ellman reagents. The results showed that the vacuum mixed noodle dough at 0.06 MPa had a higher GMP content compared with the non-vacuum mixed dough. However, extremely high vacuum degree (0.08 MPa) could decrease the GMP content. Vacuum mixing at an appropriate vacuum level induced a decrease in the free -SH content in total protein. This result indicated that more unbonded -SH was involved in gluten protein cross-linking. However, in noodle doughs of Jimai 22 and Ningchun 4, extremely high vacuum degree could go against free thiol oxidation and formation of disulfide bonds in protein, leading to the increased -SH content. This could help explain the observed change in GMP quantity. Vacuum mixing significantly influenced the particle size distributions of GMP, and the appropriate level of vacuum could increase the GMP size. The percentages of volume, surface area and number of large-size GMP with diameter >100 fim in Jimai 22 and Ningchun 4 doughs mixed at 0.06 MPa were significantly higher than at 0 and 0.08 MPa (P<0.05), while the volume percentage of large-size GMP in Zhengmai 366 dough was significantly increased when mixed at 0.08 MPa. The certain vacuum degree could induce a reduction in the free -SH content in GMP for Jimai 22 and Ningchun 4; but for Zhengmai 366, the free -SH content in GMP was not affected by vacuum degree. The results also showed that the difference in GMP content between vacuum mixed dough under 0.06 MPa and non-vacuum mixed dough was significant for Jimai 22 (P<0.05); but for Ningchun 4 and Zhengmai 366, the difference was not significant. Furthermore, we found that the size distribution of GMP in Zhengmai 366 dough was less influenced by the vacuum degree compared with the other 2wheat flours. The phenomenon suggested that the polymeric protein size distribution in noodle dough from weak-gluten flour was more susceptible to the degree of vacuum. In conclusion, the potential gluten protein repolymerization in noodle dough is induced by appropriate vacuum mixing, and the effect of vacuum degree on GMP properties for strong-gluten wheat flour is significantly less than that for weak-gluten flour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:To investigate the expression of β-catenin in several human ovarian cancer cell lines and its effect on cisplatin resistance. Methods: The protein level of β-catenin in two cisplatin-resistant cell lines (C13K, SKOV-3), two cisplatin-sensitive cell lines(OV2008, A2780), A2780, A2780-cis, COC10 and COCl-cis was examined by real-time PCR and western blotting analysis. Expression of β-catenin in ovarian cancer cells was knockdown by siRNA transfection. The effect of β-catenin silencing on cisplatin resistance was examined by trypan blue staining and flowcytometry. The change of apoptosis -related proteins were examined by western blotting analysis. Results:The expression of β-catenin was upregulated in cisplatin-resistant cell lines (C13K, SKOV-3)compared with cisplatin-sensitive cell lines. The expression of β-catenin in cisplatin-resistant A2780 and COC1 was also higher than that in paretnal A2780 and COC1 cells. siRNA targeting β-catenin effectively knockdown expression of β-catenin in ovarian cancer cells. Silencing of β-catenin enhanced the sensitivity of cisplatin-resistant cells (C13K, SKOV-3)to cisplatin. β-catenin siRNA also resulted in more apoptosis compared with control siRNA. Cisplatin treatment in β-catenin silencing cells induced the expression of apoptosis-related protein p53 and caspase-3. Conclusions: These finding suggested that β-catenin was upregulated in cisplatin-resistant cells. Gene silencing of β-catenin enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin in cisplatin-resistant cells by inducing more cisplatin-mediated apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dry processing is a key step for Chinese dried noodle production. It closely related to the energy consumption, production efficient and quality property of the product. Temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity of drying medium are the most important factors that influencing the noodle dry processing, and these factors also have mutual influence. In previous studies the effect of temperature and relative humidity on noodle quality has been investigated. But people know little about the flow of the air in tunnel-type drying chamber, it is very important for noodle drying and energy consumption. No appropriate device that can adapt well the special environment conditions in chamber-high temperature, high relative humidity and easy condensation is the main reason. In order to know the air flow conditions and analyze the effect of air velocity on temperature and relative humidity in actual noodle dry processing, a production line with 5 rows of 60 m in tunnel drying room was chose as the research object. In this study a new experimental instrument, meteorograph (Kestrel NK-4500), was used to research the characteristic of drying medium (air velocity, wind direction, temperature, relative humidity). For the sake of discussion in this paper the drying chamber was divide into four stages by length (equal distance), Istage (0-15 m), IIstage (15-30 m), IIIstage (30-45 m), IVstage (45-60 m). Results showed that there were significant differences in air velocity, temperature and relative humidity among different stages. The air velocity which influenced by the location and density of the ceiling fan, gradually diminished (Istage: 0.95 m/s, IVstage: 0.89 m/s,IIIstage: 0.79 m/s, IVstage: 0.50 m/s) and all were below at 1m/s.The air velocity in middle row (0.54 m/s) was significantly lower than that in left (0.89 m/s) and right (0.90 m/s). Wind direction is analyzed by the wind rose plot. In the drying chamber the wind direction-distribution was prone to the side where the moisture removal mouth located. The temperature in chamber increased during 0-35 m, then decreased. The trend of the relative humidity is similar to the air velocity, increased rapidly in the beginning and then gradually diminished with a average humidity (76.67%). In 4 drying stages, the relative humidity in left side was significantly higher than that in middle and right side, it was mainly influenced by the position of moisture removal mouth. The air velocity significant impacted the temperature and relative humidity in the drying chamber, but in different drying stages the influences were different. During 15-45 m of drying distance, the air velocity had obvious positive correlation with the temperature; but for 0-15 m and 45-60 m, the air velocity and temperature had significant negative correlation. In 0-45 m of drying distance, the air velocity had significant negative correlation with relative humidity. From this study we also find that the meteorograph can adapt well the special environment conditions in chamber with high temperature, high relative humidity and easy condensation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent advances in Pickering emulsion stabilized by solid particles and Pickering emulsion polymerization were reviewed. It pointed out that the main stability theories of Pickering emulsion were the interface theory and the contact angle theory. The influence factors of Pickering emulsion included solid particle concentration, pH value and the type of electrolyte, etc. SiO2, Laponite and magnetite had been commonly used as solid stabilizers in Pickering emulsion polymerization. The shortages on Pickering emulsion research were also pointed out, such as neglecting the influence of electrical properties of solid particles and deficient research on lamellar colloidal particles as Pickering emulsion stabilizer. Preparing the new Pickering emulsion less affected by monomer with stable properties, so as to enrich Pickering emulsion and its joint technology will be the research focus in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the low reliability problem of current monitoring system of a sand transport test stand, Siemens software redundancy technology, OPC technology and VC ++ programming techniques were researched. The process and characteristics of the communication between the pLC lower machine and the monitoring program which were used in the monitoring system based on Siemens redundancy were generalized. A method was proposed to realize the communication between two monitoring computers and two S7-300 PLC stations by using OPC technology. The SIMATIC NET software was used to build an OPC Server, and the redundant monitoring program was programed by VC++. The active CPU was identified by the monitoring system by judging the status flags of each active/standby CPU. The data in the active CPU was read and written. The stability and reliability of the monitoring program were tested by fault simulation experiments. The results show that all parameters are monitored in real time, the function of automatic switching of the active/standby system and the fault alarm are realized, and the monitoring system is stable and reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Long-term use of glucocorticoid in patients with autoimmune diseases could induce osteoporosis. However, we can not detect any change in bone mineral density (BMD) at the early stage of glucocorticoid usage. In order to observe the changes of bone metabolism as early as possible, we detected the bone markers of 98 patients with autoimmune diseases and further investigated their relationships with the application of steroid. Methods Ninety-eight patients with autoimmune diseases, who were hospitalized in our hospital from April 1st. 2011 to January 31st, 2013. were included in this study. The expression of bone markers, including serum osteocalcin, PINP. and β CTX, was detected using elctrochemiluminescence. The clinical data of 93 patients were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using a SPSS 13.5 software. Results Among the 98 patients, 52 patients had RA, 14 had SLE. 10 had SPA, and 22 had other autoimmune diseases. Thirty-nine patients received glucocorticoid therapy before admitted to our hospital, and the other 50 patients did not receive such treatment. No statistical difference of gender composition ratio and mean age between the two groups was observed. The scrum concentrations of osteocalcin, β CTX, and PINP in glucocorticoid treated group were significantly lower than those in non-glucocorticoid treated group [(7.57 ± 4.46) μg/Lvs. (20.06 ± 10.40) μg/L; (0.31±0.22) μg/Lvs. (0.52 ±0.26) μg/L; (22.71 ± 13.98) μg/L vs. (49.86± 35.46) μg/L; P<0- 01]. But the scrum calcium, phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen, scrum creatinine, and C-reactive protein levels, and BMD of the femoral neck and the the lumbar vertebrae had no statistical difference between the two groups. In 52 patients with RA, the scrum levels of osteocalcin, β CTX, and PINP in glucocorticoid treated group were also significantly lower than those in non-glucocorticoid treated group, respectively. Furthermore, p CTX was positively correlated with DAS2S (r = 0.456, P <0.01), suggesting that β CTX may be associated with the disease activity in RA patients. Conclusion Bone metabolic abnormalities can be induced by glucocorticoid treatment for autoimmune diseases. The decrease of bone markers can predict early changes in bone metabolism, which may have an important significance in preventing osteoporosis. In addition, the increased β CTX level may be a potential indicator for the assessment of disease activity in RA patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In wireless sensor network, while ensuring low energy consumption of nodes to prolong the network lifetime, to reduce the latency is the core issue of data collection. The paper proposed an energy-efficient mobile data collection algorithm with speed control. Firstly, it carried out dynamic clustering based on residual energy of nodes, each clustering two heads to balance the energy. Then the sencar was equipped with dual antennas so as that nodes could upload data with MIMO system. Eventually, by means of TSP problem it searched for an optimal tour and controls speed of the sencar. In result, the car can gather data more quickly. Simulation results show that this method could balance network traffic, extend network lifetime and compared with other algorithms, data collection delay is shorter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the mechanism of short-chain fatty acids in alleviating γδT cell-mediated inflammatory response. Methods A certain concentration of short-chain fatty acids was used to intervene in rat intestinal-derived γδT cells. CCK-8 was used to detect the effect of shortchain fatty acids on γδT activity. ELISA was used to detect the content of the IL-17A, RT-qPCR was utilized to detect the expression of the IL-17A, and flow cytometry was applied to analyze the IL-17+ γδT cell frequency. The effect of SCFAs on IL-17A and NF-κB signaling pathway in γδT cells were observed by Western blot. Results CCK-8 assay showed that the concentration of sodium acetate was less than or equal to 0.5 mmol/L, and the concentrations of sodium propionate, sodium butyrate, and mixed short-chain fatty acids were less than or equal to 0.25 mmol/L, indicating no inhibitory effect on the proliferation of γδT cells. ELISA and RT-qPCR showed that the treatment of γδT cells with sodium propionate, sodium butyrate, and mixed short-chain fatty acids significantly decreased the levels of IL-17A compared with the control group. Flow cytometry revealed a significant decrease in the proportion of IL-17+ γδT cells under the treatment of sodium propionate, sodium butyrate, mixed shortchain fatty acids, and TSA intervention. Western blot found that sodium propionate, sodium butyrate, and mixed shortchain fatty acids could inhibit the expression of IL-17A and IKK, as well as the phosphorylation level of NF-κB. Conclusion Shortchain fatty acids could inhibit the activation of IL-17A and NF-κB signaling pathway in γδT cells, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response in the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of rural tourism can not only stimulate the growth of local economy, but also promote the effective implementation of China's rural revitalization strategy. Exploring the antecedent variables and forming mechanism of residents' support for tourism is an important factor to promote the sustainable development of tourism, which has attracted widespread attention from the academic community. Specifically, in the complex relationship between multi-stakeholders triggered by rural tourism development, residents' trust in government has played a pivotal role in ensuring the development of rural tourism, but existing studies about the influence of residents' trust in government on support for tourism lack in-depth discussion. Based on the social exchange theory, this paper takes community involvement and residents' perception of tourism impact as mediators and place attachment as the moderator. Selecting eight representative rural tourism destinations in Shandong Province as study sites, this study attempts to analyze the influencing mechanism of resident's trust in government on the support for tourism. Findings suggest that: (1) Trust in government has significant influence on community involvement, perceived benefits, support for tourism positively, and perceived costs negatively. (2) Community involvement and perceived benefits mediates partially the relationship between government trust and tourism development support. (3) Place attachment moderates the relationship between trust in government and community involvement positively. Compared with existing studies, this paper analyzes the formation mechanism of residents' support for tourism development in rural tourism destinations from the perspective of trust in government, and strengthens the role of community involvement and place attachment in the exploration of influencing mechanism. It provides a theoretical explanation and an empirical support for the deep understanding of the transmission mechanism of residents ' trust in government influencing their support for tourism and stimulating residents' support behavior for tourism development. This means that, in order to effectively improve residents' support for tourism, it is necessary to pay more attention to community residents' trust in government, enhance the interaction and communication between government and residents, encourage residents' involvement in tourism development, strengthen residents' sense of gain from rural tourism development, and cultivate residents' place attachment to their communities, so as to exert the positive role of rural tourism in promoting rural revitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design and synthesis of photocatalytic materials and their application in environmental pollution control and resource recycling have been reported in many literatures. However, most photocatalytic materials contain transition metal ions, and the environmental risks of leaching 1imit the application of catalytic materials. Silicon carbide (SiC), as the representative of the third generation of semiconductor materials, has a good potential application prospect in environmental pollution prevention because of Is characteristics such as no transition metal ions, high temperature and acid-alkali resistance, strong stability and so on. In recent years, some literatures have reported the synthesis, modification and application of SiC as photocatalyst n environment and resource recycling -fields. However, few temperatures have reviewed the application progress of SiC photocatalyst. In view of the above situation, the progress in the -field of SiC photocatalysis application in recent years was reviewed in tins paper, including synthesis method, doping medication and application, and the prospects of the photocatalyst system were also prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peptide hormones genes are important in plant growth and development and RALF (rapid alkalinization factor) is one of them. Cruciferae is a big family in Chinese vegetable crops. Polypeptide hormone gene RALFbn was cloned from Brassica campestris (rape) in the authors' previous work. In order to find out the information of RALF homologous genes in Cruciferae vegetable crops, this experiment was done. At this time, the primers were designed according to the sequence of RALFbn gene. The genomic DNAs of 7 important vegetable crops were extracted in advance. The vegetable materials were selected from Brassica, Raphanus, Rorippa and Barbarea and they all belonged to the same family of Cruciferae. Seven sequences homologous to RALF were cloned from the 7 materials from important vegetable crops with the primers designed from RALFbn. Then the 7 DNA sequences together with the RALFbn gene were analyzed. The results showed that all the DNA sequences' open reading frames were about 300 bp long. There was no intron in the 7 genes. The 7 proteins encoded by them were all made by 73 amino acids. All these indicated that the RALF homologous genes were very conservative in the 4 genera of cruciferous species. At the same time , the 7 RALF homologous genes expression analyses were done in four genera in Cruciferae. The result indicated that these genes were not or weakly expressed in root, stem, leaf, inflorescence axis and other vegetative organs, while mainly expressed in reproductive organs, in which, the total amounts of the expression in flower buds and open flowers were generally higher than those in tender siliques. All the expression indicated that the physiological active period of these genes in Cruciferae was in the flower growth period. The system tree was constructed with the 7 RALF homologous genes in the 4 genera of Cruciferae. The NJ tree of RALF homologous genes reflected that RALFbn , Bo-RALFjx and BoRALFzh formed a branch while BjRALFdn4 and BjRALFxlh formed another branch with the rest RALF homologous genes from Raphanus, Rorippa, Barbarea clustered in the same branch. The evolutionary pathway of these RALF homologous genes in a certain extent also reflected the genetic background relationships between these crops. In all , this study enriched the information of the rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) family and expanded the knowledge of the molecular evolution data of Cruciferae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Auto correlation function results for a BOC signal show that it has multi-values, therefore the acquisition of a BOC signal can not simply transplant the algorithm of GPS signal. Thus, a parallel code phase search algorithm and the cross correlation characteristics of BOC signal are analyzed and the validity of parallel code phase search algorithm on BOC signal is simulated. An improved acquisition algorithm is presented and used to analyze BOC signal, addressing the insufficiencies of the parallel code phase search algorithm for the acquisition of BOC signal at low SNR(signal to noise ratio). The results show that the improved algorithm is fit for BOC(pn, n) signal where p is an integer, expanding the application area for parallel code phase search algorithms. The improved algorithm can improve SNR of acquisition 10 dB as compared to that of the parallel code phase search algorithm. The improved algorithm can enhance acquisition sensitivity of receivers, an important aid in the design of acquisition algorithms for receivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ventilation air methane (VAM) preheating catalytic monolithic reactor was built. The effects of the equivalent heating power, the flow proportionality coefficient and the methane concentration on the starting characteristics of preheating catalytic monolithic reactor were studied experimentally. The results show that with the increase of the equivalent heating power, the starting time consumption and starting power consumption decrease. With the increase of the flow proportionality coefficient, the starting time consumption and starting power consumption increase. The variations of temperature rise profile at various methane concentrations is little. With the increase of the methane concentration, the starting time consumption decreases hardly. When the flow proportionality coefficient from 0. 35 to 0.40 and the equivalent heating power from 18 kW to 20 kW, the starting time consumptions, the starting power consumptions and the average rise ratios of oxidation bed inlet temperature are small, the excellent starting characteristics is exhibited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the association of histologic subtypes with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and ciinical characteristics in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods In this study, we reviewed 206 specimens of non-small cell lung cancer; EGFR gene mutation was measured by amplification refractory mutation syttem (ARMS). For the resected adenocarcinoma specimens, histologic subtypes were clasiified according to classification methods of both 2004 World Health Organization (WHO) and 2011 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society ( IASLC/ATS/ERS ). The association of histologic subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma wíth EGFR mutation and clinicopathologic features was analyzed by SPSS17.0. Results EGFR gene mutation was detected in 91 (44.2%) of the 206 patients. Women and nonsmokers were found to be significantly associated wíth a higher incidence of EGFR gene mutation (56. 6% vs. 32.7%, P = 0.001; 51. 9% vs. 31.2%, P = 0.004). Regarding histologic subtypes of adenocarcinoma, the presence of nonmucinous BAC (lepidic) componenis showed the mott frequent EGFR mutations (61.5% vs. 38.6%, P = 0.012), but mixed mucinous BAC components had a lower EGFR mutation (13.3% vs. 53.3%, P = 0.004). The presence of papillary components was likely to lead to a higher EGFR mutation, but wtth no significant difference (P = 0.057). In contrast, EGFR mutation was observed more frequently in adenocarcinoma with papillary predominance than in invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma and solid predominance using the new IASLC/ ATS/ERS classification method (P = 0.057). Conclusion Gender, smoking history and histologic subtypes are closely associated wtth the presence of EGFR mutaiion in lung adenocarcinoma. Female, non-smoker, the presence of nonmucinous BAC components and papillary predominance can predict higher EGFR mutation in lung adenocarcinoma, but the presence of mixed mucinous BAC components predicts a lower mutation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, there is a trend that young persons delay marriage and childbearing. Meanwhile, cancer patients are getting younger. With the medical technologies advanced, the survival rate in cancer patients, as well as survival time, has been greatly improved. More and more patients and medical workers concern about how to protect fertility in the course of cancer treatment. In this paper, we give a brief description about the risk assessment of fertility in cancer patients, including the risk factors of infertility, the impacts of pregnancy on cancer patients, and ethics consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the investigation of experimentation and aerodynamics theory, live interactive web aerodynamics virtual experiment platform is built up. Using MVC (Model-View-Controller) design pattern, the system has better scalability and ease of maintenance. The platform chooses ActionScript3 as a development tool, focusing on the accumulation of reusable control modules with class binding technology. It's important for the system function expansion and development of other project. The system has all around functions, strong sense of immersion, hence satisfying the demands of experiment operation trainning and the experiment courses online study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Timetable of the airport coach is designed based on the relationship between the headway and the passenger volume. Firstly, the timetable is proved to be the important factor influencing the passenger volume and the operating cost. Secondly, referring to the theory of the firm equilibrium, the relationship between the timetable and the passenger volume is discussed. Thirdly, based on the theoretic analysis, the optimization model of an irregular timetable with changed demands is built, and the aim of this model is to maximize the profit of the airport coach system. Finally, the optimized timetable and the being needed coach vehicles are calculated by solving the model with matrix code genetic algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the existing software and hardware conditions, combined with the basic theory of system and development and reference cases about information inquiry systems, facing on the needs of information management of the XPCC, the system has been developed by adopting integrated development mode of the Visual Basic language and MapX. It applied B/S architecture and chose the Microsoft Access 2003 as the backstage database. The designed system was required to effectively manage and query 14 divisions and 182 regiments geographic information. After testing, the system can realize map control, attributes and spatial location information inquiry and thematic map display. The exploration and development of XPCC GIS1. 0 not only provide useful and intuitive information about the current situation and the future direction of the XPCC, but also have practical value and significance for the realization of XPCC intelligent management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simultaneous infrared dry-blanching and dehydration (SIRDBD) method utilizes infrared dry heat to blanch fruits and vegetables and simultaneously remove a certain amount of moisture. This study investigated the effects of three processing parameters, e.g. distance between infrared emitter and material (9.5, 12.5 and 15.5 cm), thickness (0.8, 1 and 1.3 mm, and the diameter was 6 cm) and processing time which was determined based on the complete inactivation of polyphenol oxidase (PPO), on blanching and dehydration of potato slices. The measured performance parameters were temperature, moisture ratio (MR), drying rate, relative residual PPO and surface color change (ΔE). In the test, the surface temperatures of all samples increased to predetermined temperatures within 1 min and then were kept at those temperatures for the rest of processing. In general, the tests showed that the radiation distance decreased from 15.5cm to 9.5 cm and the thickness of samples decreased from 1.3mm to 0.8 mm, which would lead to an increase of the maximum dehydrating rates of potato slices from 0.24 g/(gos) to 0.59 g/(gos), a decrease of the reduction time of PPO inactivation from 364 s to 152 s, and a reduction of the color difference value ΔE from 5.26 to 1.66. Therefore, the test results indicated that the thin slices and narrow distance between the infrared emitter and sample were desirable for the quick moisture reduction, fast inactivation of enzymes and less color change. The residual PPO activities after application of various processing conditions were between 0-8.51%, which corresponded to a moisture reduction from 37.96% to 55.42% (w.b.), and a processing time from 150 s to 420 s. This indicated that infrared heating could blanch fruits and vegetables and simultaneously remove a certain amount of moisture. In addition, when the thickness of potato slices increased, the activation energies of potato slices decreased, but the effective moisture diffusivities increased. The reduced distance between infrared emitter and sample improved effective moisture diffusivities of potato slices. The effective moisture diffusivities of potato slices under different processing conditions were between 3.37×10-10 m2/s and 6.36×10-10 m2/s (R2=0.974-0.983), and the activation energies of potato slices ranged from 20.34 kJ/mol to 32.59 kJ/mol (R2=0.951-0.996). First-order kinetics fitted well for PPO inactivation (R2 was from 0.926 to 0.988), and the predicted kinetic parameters provided useful information for the blanching processing. The rate constants of PPO inactivation under different infrared radiation conditions were between 0.0063 s-1 and 0.0151 s-1, and the reduction times ranged from 152 s to 364 s. The best processing parameters for the infrared heating mode were 9.5 cm radiation distance, 0.8 and 1 mm potato slice thickness and 150 and 180 s corresponding processing time, which resulted in 8.51% and 2.44% residual of PPO, 55.44% and 61.49% moisture content (w.b.), 1.66 and 2.24 ΔE, respectively. It has been concluded that SIRDBD method can be used as an alternative to manufacture blanched and partially dehydrated fruits and vegetables. For infrared dry-blanching, a narrow distance between infrared emitter and material with high temperature should is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The temperature distribution uniformity of preheating catalytic oxidation reactor was experimentally investigated and the effects of space velocity, inlet gas temperature and methane volume concentration on the temperature distribution uniformity of oxidation bed in thermal equilibrium states were studied. The experimental results show that the temperature distribution uniformity is obviously better during catalytic oxidation period than that during heating startup period. Inside the oxidation bed,the temperature distribution uniformity coefficient becomes lower and lower from front to back during heating startup period, and however decreases first and then increases from front to back during catalytic oxidation period. The inlet gas temperature is the main influencing factor and the temperature distribution uniformity is improved significantly with the increase of inlet gas temperature, while the high space velocity and low inlet methane volume concentration will slow down the improvement of temperature distribution uniformity with the increase of inlet gas temperature. The above results provide a theoretical guidance on the design optimization and performance improvement of the preheating catalytic oxidation reactor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple ultra performance liquid chromatography ( UPLC ) method for the determination of fourteen nitrophenol residues in environmental waste water is proposed. A Bond Elut Plexa solid phase extraction ( SPE) is used for the extraction and purification of the compounds in environmental waste water. The water sample with sampling amount of 5. 0 mL is purified using a solid phase extraction column, and then eluted with 3.0 mL tetrahydrofuran. The elution is introduced into the instrument and determined by HPLC with photodiode array detector with detection wavelength of 220 nm. A good base line separation of target compounds is achieved within 22 minutes under the optimal condition. The calibration curves of 3 amides are linear in the concentration range of 0.1 ~ 20 mg/L with the correlation coefficients of 0.9973 - 0.9987. The recoveries are 82.5 % ~ 104.8%, and the relative standard deviations range from 3.2 % to 5.7 % for the target compounds. The minimum detectable concentrations are 0.02 ~ 0.04 mg/L. This proposed method is convenient to use, sensitive and accurate, and is suitable for the routine detection of trace amide contaminants in environmental waste water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researching is about evaluation and sort of the direction that targets are most likely to attack along before deploying air defence fire units around key point. In this paper, firstly, air attacking weapons attacking direction evaluation index system and quantitative rules are provided depend on the modern air attack character. Using grey clustering theory to divide the likely attack direction into different classes and sort them according to the similar coefficients. Then we rank the different likely directions in order of evaluation scores using non-uniform grey relational method based on AHP and DEA. The simulation results proved that this method can solve this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electro-hydraulic brake(EHB) system consists of mechanical, electromagnetic and hydraulic parts. The pressure characteristic of its wheel cylinder is essential to the brake force modulation. But this characteristic is hard to be expressed with theoretical models because of the heavy nonlinearity and coupling of the system's main parts. In the research, the experiments are carried out to study this characteristic. The essential affecting factors considered in the experiment design contain the initial pressure and the duty cycle of PWM signal. The stable variation MAP is got from the experimental results. The analysis shows that there are the inflection points in the stable variation value and initial pressure curves. The inflection point is defined as the piston travel end pressure. In this system, the pressure is 2.8 MPa. The analysis also shows that the relationship between the pressure variation and duty cycle is linear. But the line does not go across the origin point. The cross point is at 3% of the duty cycle during pressurizing, while it is at-5% of the duty cycle during depressurizing. In the research on pressure characteristics, the nonlinear characteristics of the system are expressed by MAP, and some parts with linear relation in the system are found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considered the disjunction between current spare part demand prediction methods and system top-level design requirements, as well as the large deviation between prediction results and readiness requirements of equipment system, the relationship between achieved availability and system level fill rate should be established by using augmented achieved availability. Analyzed the influence factors on the fill rate, the fill rate could be allocated to subsystems and LRU level for the prediction of spare part demand. A case on aircraft spare part demand prediction was introduced, and the prediction results verified the method's feasibility and applicability. The spare part demand prediction integrating equipment bottom-level design elements can be well consistent with the system top-level design requirements, and the proposed method is helpful to realize the design requirement and enhance the prediction operability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]