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Objective: Analyze the promotion and application value of "two-stage three-step method" screening and diagnosis process in screening newborn congenital heart disease in Xi ’an and Xianyang area. Methods: Fetuses and newborns born in the hospital from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021 were selected as the study subjects, and the data of precordial screening in fetal period,neonatal period and infancy were collected, and the newborns were divided into murmur group, positive transcutaneous oxygen saturation group and double-positive group to evaluate the "two-phase, three-step method We evaluated the value of the "two-stage,three-step" screening method. Results: A total of 12318 neonates were screened and 497 were positive. 126 cases were confirmed and the actual incidence was 10.23‰. Among the confirmed cases of children with CHD, the top 3 disease types were atrial septal defect in 66cases（52.38%), ventricular septal defect in 41 cases（32.54%) and patent ductus arteriosus in 11 cases（8.73%) . The detection rate of single heart murmur was 1.49%, the sensitivity was 82.5%, and the specificity was 99.3%. In the positive percutaneous oxygen saturation group of 147 cases, the detection rate, sensitivity and specificity of pure percutaneous oxygen saturation were 1.19%, 58.7% and 99.4%.In the double-positive group of 166 cases, the detection rate, sensitivity and specificity were 1.35%, 94.4% and 99.6%, respectively.Conclusion: The "two-stage three-step" screening and diagnostic procedure, especially the combined screening of cardiac auscultation and percutaneous oxygen saturation, is beneficial to the early detection of neonatal CHD, and is worthy of popularization and application [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

General anesthetics are widely used in millions of neonates and infants for operations and medical examination every year. The safety of anesthetic has also become a growing concern. Although animal studies show the anesthetic neurotoxicity, it is con­fusing that the current clinical researches are not consistent. More studies are needed to investigate the anesthetic neurotoxicity and mini­mize the side effect of anesthetic. This article describes the advantages and limitations of animal and clinical researches on anesthetic neurotoxicity in recent years, shows the time-dependence and dose-dependence of anesthetic neurotoxicity Evidence in recent studies suggesting that single, relatively brief exposures to surgical procedures requiring general anesthesia are not associated with detectable deficits in neurodevelopment. It is essential that more studies are needed to investigate the association between anesthesia and neurode­velopment, especially the multiple expose, and to guide the practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]