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The qualitative and quantitative determination of 32 pesticide residues in surface water was established by gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). In the experiment, 32 kinds of pesticide residues were extracted at one time by optimizing the pre-treatment; and multiple qualitative ions were selected to ensure the accuracy of the results by optimizing the mass spectrometry parameters of the target compound; the unstable effect of ionization efficiency was eliminated by introducing internal standard of heptachlor B; the interference of matrix effect on pesticide residue detection was avoided by preparing standard curve of matrix. The results showed that the linear range (10~600 μg/l) of the tested residues had good linear relationship: the linear coefficient was ≥0.995, the detection limit was 0.04~0.08 μg/L, the quantitative limit was 0.2 μg/L, and the recoveries were 73.9%~108.8%. The method had the advantages of simple pretreatment, high instrument sensitivity and good selectivity, suitable for daily quantitative analysis of pesticide residues in surface water.

Objective To investigate the effects of down-regulation of long non-coding RNA-H19 (lncRNA-H19) expression on apoptosis and autophagy of human keloid fibroblast cell line and to explore potential mechanism. Methods Human scar fibroblasts cell line (KFs) and normal human dermal fibroblasts cell line (HDFs) were collected and KFs cells were infected with lncRNA-H19F low-expressing adenovirus (si-lncRNA-H19) and empty virus vector without si-lncRNA-H19 (si-eGFP). They were divided into HDFs group, KFs group, si-lncRNA-H19+KFs group and si-eGFP+KFs group. KFs cells were co-transfected with si-lncRNA, mTOR over-expressing adenovirus (Ad-mTOR) and empty vector (Ad-eGFP-m), then divided into KFs group, si-lncRNA-H19+Ad-mTOR group,si-eGFP+Ad-mTOR group, si-lncRNA-H19+Ad-eGFP group and si-eGFP+Ad-eGFP group. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of lncRNA-H19; flow cytometry was used to detect the cell apoptosis ; autophagy was examined by EM microscopy with fluorescence (acridine orange,AO) staining; immuno-histochemical method was used to detect the positive expression of autophagy pathway-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR); Western blot was used to detect the expression of apoptosis and autophagy-related proteins. Results Compared with the HDFs group, the expression of lncRNA-H19 and mTOR activity in the KFs group increased and the number of autophagic vesicles and the expression of apoptosis and autophagy-related proteins decreased (P＜0.05); after down-regulating lncRNA-H19 in KFs cells, the activity of mTOR in KFs cells decreased and apoptosis/autophagy increased (P＜0.05). Up-regulating mTOR while down-regulating lncRNA-H19 lead to more autophagy and apoptotic in KFs cells as compared to that resulted from down-regulation of lncRNA-H19 alone (P＜0.05). Conclusions Down-regulation of lncRNA-H19 expression may promote the autophagy and apoptosis of KFs cells through inhibiting activation of mTOR pathway.

ZrO2/Al2O3porous ceramics were prepared by gel-foaming technique. The rheological property of slurry, the effect of solid content on the microstructure and mechanical property of the porous green bodies and the relationship between the MgO sintering additive content with the compressive strength and porosity of porous ceramics were investigated. The results show when the dispersant content is 0.4%(mass fraction), ball milling time is 4 h and the pH value is 4, the low viscosity is conductive to gelcasting. The porosity of green body reduces with the increase of solid content. The excessive solid content makes the slurry hard to flow, and the big pores and cracks form during gelcasting process, then the compressive strength of green body decreases. The mechanical properties of porous ceramics are improved with the phase transformation and micro-crack toughening induced by the ZrO2. The densification of pore supports increases, the porosity reduces and compressive strength increases with the increase of sintering additive content. The highest compressive strength is 30 MPa. The porous ceramics with appropriate porosity and high compressive strength can be prepared by introducing suitable contents of ZrO2 and sintering additive.

Surface modified nano-flake Cu powder was prepared by plasma assisted ball milling by adding stearic acid as a process agent and its tribological properties were tested. The results indicate that the Cu particle exhibiting an excellent superplasticity has severe plastic deformation induced by a synergistic effect of plasma high-rate heating and electroplasticity, and the 20nm-thick flake-like Cu particles are obtained after 5h milling time of plasma milling. These nano-flake Cu particles owning oleophobicity characteristics exhibit good dispersion in the 40CA marine lubricating oil due to that the surface of Cu nano-flake adsorbs and chemically bonds with some non-polar groups under the plasma assisted ball milling with stearic acid. The severe deformation of the nano-flake Cu particles displaying high activation are easily adsorbed and spread on the surface of the friction counterpart in the process of sliding, which promotes a better wear resistance for compound lubricant with nano-flake Cu addition. Under a high rotating speed and excessive load, the nano-flake Cu powder provides excellent friction-reducing and self-repairing characters and improves the anti-wear performance under an extreme pressure condition.

In order to solve problems of preparing products with completed shape, high cost of production and poor repeatability of AIN ceramics, gelcasting and pressureless sintering method were used to prepare AIN ceramics with nontoxic chitosan system and with Y2O3 + CaF2 as sintering additive. The viscometer, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the properties of AIN ceramic slurry and the microstructures and thermal properties of AIN ceramics. The results show that glutaraldehyde concentration, pH value and chitosan content have and influence on the gelation time. Vacuum processing is benefitial to removing air bubbles. Y2O3 + CaF2 sintering additive not only reduces the sintering temperature, but also effectively improves the thermal conductivity of AIN ceramics. Thermal conductivity of the pressureless sintering AIN ceramics with 52vol. % solid content can reach 95. 6 W/(m • K). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analytical optimization algorithm which integrates GPS and DInSAR to monitor three-dimensional surface deformation was analyzed and its shortcomings in determination of weight were given. An improved determining weight method was presented,which used the high accurate GPS as constrain to evaluate DInSAR measurement accuracy and GPS interpolation accuracy, then weighed the DInSAR and GPS measurements. The simulation results show that the proposed method can correctly weight DInSAR measurement and GPS interpolation and is simple in realization. The analytical optimization algorithm using the improved determining weight method can offer the better results in the north, east and up direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the method of substituting temporal serial with spatial serial, and taking five abandoned cultivated lands with different ages (1, 4, 9, 12, and 20 years) in desert steppe region as test objects, this paper studied the change characteristics of plant community biomass and soil nutrients during vegetation succession. With the increasing abandoned years, the plant community aboveground biomass on the abandoned lands increased after an initial decrease, whereas the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic carbon contents, and carbon density in 0-60 cm soil layer increased first, decreased then, and increased again, with the maximum values of soil total nitrogen and phosphorus contents appeared on the abandoned lands with the ages 4 and 20 years. During vegetation succession, the effects of soil total nitrogen and organic carbon on plant community biomass were greater than those of soil total phosphorus and soil bulk density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on the effects of lead acetate on ovarian structure and ovarian granulose cells apoptosis in mice. The method applied in the study is the forty 20-day-old Kunming mice that were divided into 3 treatment groups and were injected abdominaly with 10.20 and 40 milligram of lead acetate per kilogram of body weight. Results show that lead acetate is harmful to ovarian and inducing apoptosis of mouse ovarian granulose cells with being dependent on the dose and time.

The article presents a study which examines the anti-inflammatory action of taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA). Researchers perform an intragastric administration of TCDCA into adjuvant arthritis rats, and measure the contents of nitric oxide (NO) and lymphotoxin-beta (LTB4) of peripheral blood by fluorospectrophotometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results show the relationship between the anti-inflammatory action of TCDCA and production of LTB4 and NO .

To establish a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) method for five flavonoids in Rhododendron anthopogonoides and verify its feasibility and applicability in the medicinal materials of R. anthopogonoides. With hyperoside as the internal reference, relative correction factors(RCF) of rutin, quercetin, quercitrin and kaempferol were established by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) analysis. RCFs were used to calculate the content of each component, system durability and relative retention time. Simultaneously, QAMS and external standard method(ESM) were used to determine the content of five flavonoids in 12 batches of R. anthopogonoides from different origins. The results were statistically analyzed to verify the accuracy and feasibility. The fingerprints and cluster analysis data of R. anthopogonoides analyzed and discussed differences among the batches. According to the results, the RCFs of rutin, quercetin, quercetin and kaempferol in R. anthopogonoides were 1.242 6, 0.990 5, 0.535 0, and 0.781 3, respectively. The RCFs represented a good reproducibility under different experimental conditions. Besides, there was no significant difference between QAMS and ESM. Besides, the fingerprint and cluster analysis data showed the consistency between the classification and with the origin distribution of the herbs. In conclusion, the QAMS method shows a good stability and accuracy in the quality control of R. anthopogonoides.

We examined the effects of root extracts of Haloxylon ammodendron and Beta vulgaris in Chenopodiaceae extracted by water and ethanol on seed germination and haustorium formation of Cistanche deserticola by filter paper culture dish method. The results showed that only adding root extract had no effect on seed germination and haustorium formation of C. deserticola . The germination rate of C. deserticola seeds treated by adding 10 mg·kg -1 gibberellin to the root extracted by ethanol was not significantly different from that of the control (GA 3 ), whereas those treated by adding gibberellin to the ethanol extract of two kinds of host root was increased by more than 10 times. The germination rate of C. deserticola seeds in the treatment with adding 1 mg·kg -1 fluridone (FL) to root extract was not significantly different from that in the control with only fluridone, while those in the treatment with B. vulgaris root water extraction was the highest (39.4%). Compared to the treatment of adding gibberellin to the root extract, the germination rate of C. deserticola seeds was only increased. When FL was added to the host root extract, the haustorium was formed on the germination tube, with the formation rate of the ethanol extraction group being the highest (16.2%). Seed germination rate of C. deserticola increased to 52.3% when GA 3 and FL were added to the ethanol extract of H. ammodendron , but the formation rate of haustorium was not different from that of FL treatment. Only 6.7% of the seed formation haustorium in the control was significantly lower than that in FL treatment. There were differences in the position and shape of the haustorium of C. deserticola seeds under different treatments. The haustorium produced by adding the extract of the host root mostly appeared at the top of the bud tube, and many papillae raised into claws. The haustorium of FL treatment without adding the extract of the host root mostly appeared at the bottom or the top of the bud tube splitting. The results indicated that ethanol extraction and water extraction could extract the substances that could promote the formation of C. deserticola seeds haustorium from the host root, but did not affect seed germination. GA 3 and FL could significantly improve the germination rate of C. deserticola seeds, but the formation of the haustorium was affected by some substances in the host root extract.

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a familial hereditary disease; while it is rare and usually benign, it is also characterized by the slow and progressive development of gingival tissue. This paper reports on the clinical examina-tion and history of HGF in a family of patients.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the expression and correlation of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and β-catenin in gingival tissues of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). The role of the classical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the development of periodontitis was also explored., Methods: Twenty-eight patients with CP (CP group) were enrolled in this study. Among them, 16 cases were moderate CP, and 12 demonstrated severe CP. Twelve healthy cases comprised the controls (normal group). Gingival tissue was collected, and the probing depth, bleeding index, and clinical attachment loss were recorded. The expression levels of SFRP1 and β-catenin were detected by immunohistochemistry, and staining intensity was evaluated by double scoring method. SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis., Results: The staining strength scores of SFRP1 and β-catenin were 2.16±0.65 and 1.12±0.51 in the normal group, 3.57±0.45 and 2.36±0.49 in the CP group, 3.61±0.40 and 2.30±0.44 in the moderate CP group, and 3.52±0.52 and 2.45±0.55 in the severe CP group, respectively. The expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin in the CP group was higher than that in the normal group (P<0.01). A significant difference was noted between the normal group and the moderate and severe CP groups (P<0.01) but none between the moderate and severe CP groups (P>0.05). A positive correlation was found between the expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin (r=0.657, P<0.01). The expression levels of β-catenin and SFRP1 were related to periodontal indexes. The correlation between the expression of SFRP1 and probing depth was most significant (r=0.723, P<0.01), as well as that between β-catenin and bleeding index (r=0.697, P<0.01)., Conclusions: Patients with CP exhibit elevated expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin in gingival tissues, and this event is related to the degree of periodontal destruction. Abnormal expression of SFRP1 and β-catenin may promote the development of periodontitis.

Three typical modern dry processing cement plants in Chongqing were chosen to investigate mercury emission characteristics and its source and fate through a mercury mass balance method by analyzing mercury contents in all input and output materials. The results showed that limestone was the main source of mercury in three cement plants followed by coal, and their mercury concentrations were (0.025±0.001)-(0.032±0.002) mg·kg -1 and (0.080±0.002)-(0.110±0.012) mg·kg -1 , respectively. The highest mercury level in all required input materials was (0.447±0.007)-(0.525±0.009) mg·kg -1 for gypsum, while the mercury content of other raw materials were very low. Most of the mercury released from these cement plants entered into flue gas, and the mercury of gypsum entered into cement. The mercury emission fluxes were calculated to be (73.42±8.10)-(215.18±10.75) g·d -1 in these three selected plants. The mercury emission factors for clinke and cement (EF clinker and EF cement ) were (0.016±0.001)-(0.049±0.001) g·t -1 and (0.011±0.000)-(0.036±0.001) g·t -1 , respectively, which were significantly lower than that employed in cement industry according to the foreign mercury emission factors in the past.

The tamarisk shrub wetland located at the south of Laizhou Bay is the largest tamarisk area existing in the northern China, which is also the important part of the wetland ecological rehabilitation project 'Southern Mangrove Northern Tamarisk' in China. Based on the field data from Changyi National Marine Ecological Special Reserve surveyed in August 2014, we investigated the spatial patterns of vegetation, biomass, carbon content, and the associated environmental parameters in this area. The results showed that the average vegetation biomass and carbon storage were 949.0 g·m -2 and 393.1 g·m -2 , respectively. They were higher in the central area than in the eastern and the western parts, and were generally the highest for the shrub part aboveground, followed by that underground, and the lowest for the litter. There were two single-species communities (dominated by Tamarix chinensis and Suaeda salsa, respectively) and four mixed communities. The carbon storage was the highest for the T. chinensis community, followed by the mixed communities and the lowest for S. salsa community. The water content and conductivity of surface soil in this area were generally low, probably due to the reduced intertidal waves blocked by the dam in the north. The vegetation carbon storage was most influenced by soil nutrients (total nitrogen and total phosphorus) and silt particle content rather than salinity. Furthermore, the alteration of the soil hydrologic condition caused the succession of vegetation communities in this area. When the salt tolerance community (e.g., S. salsa) shifted to the light salt tolerance community (e.g., Setaria viridis, Artemisia capillaries), the vegetation carbon storage increased significantly.

Four typical coal-fired power plants in Chongqing, representing two different boiler types (circulating fluidized bed boiler and pulverized coal boiler), were chosen to investigate mercury emission characteristics through a mercury mass balance method by analyzing mercury contents in all input and output raw materials in order to accurately estimate mercury emissions. The results showed coal with mercury concentrations ranging (80.77±6.39)-(266.83±4.71) μg·kg -1 could be a significant contributor of input mercury in these four studied power plants. Most mercury output from these power plants entered into solid waste with high proportion of mercury entering the fly ash in CFB plants and entering the fly ash and desulfurization gypsum in PC plants. Mercury removal efficiencies of studied plants were in the range of 72.89%-96.05%, and these efficiencies in CFB plants were higher than those in PC plants. The mercury emission factors for EF electricity and EF coal of these four plants were 4.66-29.47 μg·(kW·h) -1 and 8.55-71.77 mg·t -1 , respectively. The mercury emission was also calculated to be 6.13-429.17 g·d -1 . Mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants were associated with the content of mercury in coal, boiler type, generation load, pollution control equipment, and so on. To control the mercury emissions, more attention should be paid to improving the generation load, increasing the mercury removal efficiency of flue gas cleaning equipment, and strengthening the supervision of solid waste re-utilization.

Diabetes is a kind of diseases which does harm to people’s health, and the detection of human blood glucose levels utilizing blood samples will result in pain even infection for patients. Thus the in-vivo noninvasive measurement of human blood glucose levels has vital value in clinical diagnosis, detection and therapy, and it also is a very hot research topic with challenging. At present, as to various noninvasive detection methods, the technology based on mid-infrared absorption spectrophotometry with ATR has been gaining increasing attention. However, when carrying out noninvasive measurement of human blood glucose levels by means of the spectrophotometry equipped with routine light sources, the penetration depth of probe light in human tissues is low and thus it is very difficult to reach the stromal layer containing body fluids and especially dermis layer containing blood for probe light, which resulting in low relativity between experimental data and real human blood glucose levels and thus limiting the clinical application. Generally, not only the mid-infrared laser with high strength and high purity can deeper penetrate the human tissues, but also the output wavelengths at 1 035 cm(-1) of CO2 laser very coincide with the fundamental frequency characteristic absorption at 1 029 cm(-1) of glucose. Thus, in this work, a novel noninvasive mid-infrared measurement system to detect human blood glucose levels has been successfully assembled, in which a CO2 laser was used a self-defined external light source of the new mid-infrared absorption spectrophotometry with ATR. In this system, the absorbance of human fingertip at 1 035 cm(-1) has been measured when external CO2 laser source was used as probe light, at the same time, the mid-infrared absorption spectra of fingertip have been also obtained and absorbance at 1 492 cm(-1) has been recorded. The human blood glucose levels were determined synchronously by means of the routine medical method. The experimental results showed that the ratio in fingertip between absorbance at 1 035 cm(-1) from the laser source and one at 1 492 cm(-1) from mid-infrared absorption spectrophotometry could synchronously change with the human blood glucose levels, and the ratio presents certain positive relativity with the real human blood glucose levels(R=0. 812 5). Thus the measurement data could be used as a new index of blood glucose level in human body, which showed the potential in clinical diagnosis of the ATR mid-infrared absorption spectrophotometry with external CO(2) laser source in noninvasive measurement of human blood glucose levels.

Cu in navel orange was detected rapidly by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with partial least squares (PLS) for quantitative analysis, then the effect on the detection accuracy of the model with different spectral data ptetreatment methods was explored. Spectral data for the 52 Gannan navel orange samples were pretreated by different data smoothing, mean centralized and standard normal variable transform. Then 319~338 nm wavelength section containing characteristic spectral lines of Cu was selected to build PLS models, the main evaluation indexes of models such as regression coefficient (r), root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were compared and analyzed. Three indicators of PLS model after 13 points smoothing and processing of the mean center were found reaching 0. 992 8, 3. 43 and 3. 4 respectively, the average relative error of prediction model is only 5. 55%, and in one word, the quality of calibration and prediction of this model are the best results. The results show that selecting the appropriate data pre-processing method, the prediction accuracy of PLS quantitative model of fruits and vegetables detected by LIBS can be improved effectively, providing a new method for fast and accurate detection of fruits and vegetables by LIBS.

Concentrations of sulfonamides including sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfadimidin (SM2) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in sediments, muscle and liver tissues of 7 kinds of fish species collected from two marine aquaculture regions along the coast of Guangdong Provice were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a ultraviolet detector. Assessment of the health risks were conducted based on the values of maximum residue limits (MRL) and acceptable daily intake (ADI). The results showed that sulfonamides were found in all the sediment samples. The concentrations (dry wet) ranged from 2.1 - 35.2 ng x g(-1), the detected frequency of the 3 sulfonamide antibiotics ranked as SDZ (85.7%) > SM2 (71.4%) > SMX (28.6%). The detection rate of sulfonamides in samples from Daya Bay was higher than that from Hailing Island. Higher concentrations were detected in liver tissues rather than in muscle tissues (P < 0.05). The residues of SDZ, SM2 and SMX in fish muscle tissues (wet weight) ranged from 11.6-37.9, 16.3-27.8 and 4.9-20.0 ng x g(-1), respectively. The calculated daily intakes of sulfonamides in the present study ranged from 3.37-36.72 ng x kg(-1), which accounted for 0.007% -0.073% of the ADI (50 microg x kg(-1)). Health risks to human body were negligible as the estimated intake was less than 1% ADI, therefore the security of dietary was high.

Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is a natural epidemic zoonotic pathogen. However, no reports have been published regarding the isolation, identification and full-length genome of EMCV from a local aardvark population. In present study, an EMCV isolate HNXX13 was isolated from aardvarks named Huainan-pig in Henan Province. The systematic identification, full-length genome sequencing and molecular characteristic analysis of the isolate HNXX13 were conducted. The result showed that the isolate was spherical with a diameter of 24-30 nm, neither heat- nor acid-resistant, sensitive to trypsin, insensitive to chloroform, not protected by bivalent cationic, and the specific fluorescence was observed in the cytoplasm of BHK-21 cells infected with the isolate by using indirect fluorescence assay. The full-length genome of EMCV HNXX13 generated a 7 725bp sequence (GenBank: F771002), with 81.0%-99.9% nucleotide identity to reference strains from different animals, and 99.5% with a Chinese reference strain isolated earlier from a commercial pig herd. The phylogenetic tree based on the full-length genome and ORF sequences identified that all EMCV strains were divided into three groups G1, G2 and G3, and strain HNXX13 belonging to the G1 group with other Chinese reference strains. The result also identified that this EMCV infection could cause severe clinical signs in a local aardvark population, and enriches the molecular epidemiological data of EMCV in China. Regional differences exist in EMCV genome and transmission is limited within a certain area. However, the cross-infection and transmission of EMCV between aardvark and mice appears most likely. Mutations have occurred in some amino acids of EMCV strain HNXX13 during the transmission in local aardvark herd and these mutations might make the virus easier to infect the aardvark.

The paper described the rationality of traditional and modern application of prepared decoction pieces of herbal medicine on basis of application, statistics and comparison analysis of three forms of drugs of traditional Chinese herbal pieces prepared for decoction, prepared decoction pieces in small packing and granules; and illustrated different opinions correlative to the three forms of drugs; put forward the counter-measures and proposals for the problems facing the traditional Chinese herbal pieces for decoction; the paper stated clearly that the traditional Chinese herbal pieces for decoction should not be replaced, instead, the viewpoint and the reasons on its application must be holding on; and the trend of development and expectations of the Chinese herbal pieces for decoction were predicted as well.

HuaFu Shengji is the primary traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy for treating chronic skin ulcer. The high activities of the protein enzyme in the wound fluids is one of the main cause of healing delay. In order to investigate the effect of TCM Zhuhong ointment for promoting wound healing. This research focused on its influence on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities in wound fluids with TCM Yang syndromes, directly on the activated MMP-1,2 activities in vitro and on MMP-1,-2,-9 production by HSF. 8 wound fluid samples were collected, which were diagnosed Yang Syndromes in TCM. Wound fluid activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were measured by gelatin zymogram assay. MMP-1 and MMP-2 activities in vitro were measured by substrate cleavage. CCK-8 was used to observe the toxicity of Zhuhong ointment on HSF. MMP-1,-2,-9 production by HSF were detected by confocal microscope. Zhuhong ointment from 1 to 25 g x L(-1) obviously inhibited MMP-2 activity in wound fluid. When Zhuhong ointment was over 5 g x L(-1), it showed significantly inhibitory effect on wound fluid MMP-9 activity. In vitro study, when the mercury concentration was 320 mg x L(-1), Zhuhong ointment solution directly inhibited both MMP-1 activity and MMP-2. But mercury concentration from 0.51-2.56 mg x L(-1), it could activate MMP-1 activity, and from 0.51-64 mg x L(-1), activate MMP-2 activity instead. The mercury concentration when Zhuhong ointment saturated in DMEM was 39.6 mg x L(-1). When the mercury concentration was over 1.23 mg x L(-1), Zhuhong ointment showed toxicity to HSF. At 1.23, 0.62, 0.31 mg x L(-1) of mercury concentration, it increased MMP-1 expression by HSF, and at 1.23, 0.62 mg x L(-1), decreased MMP-2 expression. However, at 1.23, 0.62, 0.31 mg x L(-1), it decreased MMP-9 expression. At higher concentration, Zhuhong ointment can inhibit MMP-2, MMP-9 activities in wound fluid with dose-dependent way and show a direct inhibitory effect on activated MMP-1 and MMP-2 in vitro. But at a lower concentration, it showed two-way adjustment, with increased MMP-1, MMP-2 activities and its expression by HSF and decreased MMP-9 activity.

Objective: To study the impact of maternal weight gain during pregnancy on the risk of infant obesity within 1 year old., Methods: A total of 785 infants who were born in Hefei and participated children medical care in one district health center and their mothers were chosen as the research subjects from September 2010 to September 2011. Three groups were classified by weight gain during pregnancy according to the percentiles: excessive pregnancy weight gain group of 126 pairs, adequate pregnancy weight gain group of 542 pairs and inadequate pregnancy weight gain group of 117 pairs. Mother's general demographic information was collected. The height and weight were measured when the infant was 42 days, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of physical examination. Z score was calculated. The differences of Z score in different groups were compared and the RR values of different weight gain during pregnancy on infant obesity were computed., Results: The weight-for-age Z score (WAZ) of infant at 42 days 3, 6, 9 and 12 months in excessive pregnancy weight gain group were 0.23 ± 0.93, 0.25 ± 1.03, 0.23 ± 0.99, 0.28 ± 1.09, 0.26 ± 1.14, respectively, all higher than that of the corresponding age in adequate pregnancy weight gain group (-0.04 ± 1.02, -0.07 ± 0.99, -0.05 ± 0.98, -0.06 ± 0.97, -0.07 ± 0.95, respectively). The differences were statistically significant (all P values < 0.05). In excessive pregnancy weight gain group, infant body mass index (BMI) at 9 months ((18.01 ± 0.15) kg/m(2)) and 12 months ((17.66 ± 0.15) kg/m(2)) were higher than that of adequate pregnancy weight gain group ((17.63 ± 0.13) and (17.22 ± 0.15) kg/m(2), respectively). The differences were statistically significant (all P values < 0.05). Differences of infant Height-for-age Z score (HAZ) among three groups were not statistically significant (all P values > 0.05). Compared to adequate pregnancy weight gain group, RR (95%CI) value of infant obesity in excessive pregnancy weight gain group was 1.86 (1.14 - 3.03)., Conclusion: Excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy increased the risk of infant obesity within 1 year old.

Objective: To research the effects of soothing liver and invigorating spleen recipes on expression of TLR4 mRNA and protein expression in hepatic tissue of rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and its mechanism., Methods: 72 male SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: normal group, model group, high-dose soothing liver group (receiving gavage of Chaihu Shugan Powder 9. 6 g/kg), low-dose soothing liver group (receiving gavage of Chaihu Shugan Powder 3.2 g/kg), high-dose invigorating spleen group (receiving gavage of Shen Ling Baizhu Powder 30 g/kg), low-dose invigorating spleen group (receiving gavage of Shen Ling Baizhu Powder 10 g/kg), high-dose integrated Group (receiving gavage of Chaihu Shugan Powder and Shen Ling Baizhu Powder combination recipes 39.6 g/kg), low-dose integrated Group (receiving gavage of Chaihu Shugan Powder and Shen Ling Baizhu Powder combination recipes 13.2 g/kg), 9 rats were in each group. Used high fat diet (10 mL/kg) to establish experiment model of NASH rat. At the end of the sixteenth weeks, the levels of serum lipids, liver lipids and serum aminotransferase were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer; Liver pathology was analyzed by HE and Oil red O staining; TLR4 mRNA was assayed by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT Q-PCR); TLR4 protein was detected by Western blot., Results: Compared with normal group, the levels of TC, LDL-C in the serum, TC,TG as well as the expression of TLR4 mRNA and protein in the hepatic tissue were dramatically increased in model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the levels of serum lipids, liver lipids, the expression of TLR4 mRNA and protein in the hepatic tissue were decreased in each treatment group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Soothing liver and invigorating spleen recipes can inhibit hepatic TLR4 expression, that may be one of their therapeutic mechanisms. There is much difference between high-does and low-does treatment groups in various testing items, which shows that there is does-effect relationship in intervention NASH.

Soluble solids content (SSC) is one of important internal quality index for navel oranges. In the present study, visible/near infrared (Vis/NIR) diffuse transmission spectra of navel oranges were acquired using a QualitySpec spectrometer in the wavelength range of 350-1 000 nm, and CARS (competitive adaptive reweighted sampling) was used to select important variables related with SSC of navel oranges from spectra data, then was compared with other variable selection methods such as uninformative variables elimination (UVE) and successive projections algorithm (SPA). Finally, partial least squares (PLS) regression was used to develop calibration model for SSC of navel oranges using the 38 selected variables, and the calibration model was used to predict the SSC of 75 samples in the prediction set. The results indicate that CARS method is superior to other variable selection methods such as UVE and SPA, and can select the important variables for SSC efficiently. The calibration model of SSC developed by CARS-PLS is superior to that model developed by full-spectrum PLS, the correlation coefficient (r) and root mean square error (RMSE) in the calibration and prediction sets are 0.948, 0.347% and 0.917, 0.394%, respectively. So, Vis/NIR diffuse transmission spectra combined with CARS method is feasible to assess soluble solids content of navel oranges, and CARS method can simplify the prediction model and improve model prediction precision.

Enhanced coagulation effects of four coagulants, such as aluminium sulfate, ferric chloride, aluminium polychloride and poly-ferric chloride, were examined, with an emphasis on pH, turbidity, Ca+ and relative contents of humic acid and fulvic acid. The result showed that the removal efficiency of four kinds of coagulant for humic acid was higher than that for fulvic acid. Compared with aluminium polychloride and poly-ferric chloride, aluminium sulfate and ferric chloride possessed a better coagulation effect. At the coagulant dosage of 40 mg x L(-1), ferric chloride, aluminium sulfate, poly-ferric chloride and aluminium polychloride removed fulvic acid from 10 mg x L(-1) to 3.22 mg x L(-1), 4.34 mg x L(-1), 5.85 mg x L(-1) and 4.86 mg x L(-1) respectively, while the four coagulants removed humic acid from 10 mg x L(-1) to 1.13 mg x L(-1), 2.13 mg x L(-1), 3.44 mg x L(-1) and 2.50 mg x L(-1) respectively in water. At pH between 5.5 and 6.5, aluminium sullfate and ferric chloride had the best coagulation effect. The coagulant had the lower efficiency with increase of organic carbon in water. Especially, the content ratio of fulvic acid and humic acid was above 0.4, the coagulation effect markedly decreased. Turbidity has a little influence on organic carbon removal rate. With the concentration of Ca2+, the removal efficiency of humic acid and fulvic acid increased.

The paper is to report the establishment of three methods for determination of methyl salicylate-2-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (MSG) by HPLC, UV or potentiometric titration. The results determined by the three methods turned out to be of no significant difference (P>0.05). The method was chosen according to MSG difference test demands.

Objective: To investigate the role of Runx3 gene CpG island methylation in the development of human gastric carcinoma., Methods: A total of 150 tumor specimens from patients with gastric carcinoma and 50 normal tissue specimens were selected. Methylation specific PCR (MSP) and pyrosequencing (PS) were used to detect the methylation status of Runx3 gene promoter., Results: Compared to normal tissue samples, a significant increase of CpG island methylation status of Runx3 gene was observed in gastric carcinomas (MSP: 67.3% vs. 40.0%, P = 0.002; PS: 76.0% vs. 30.0%, P < 0.01). Runx3 gene methylation was only related to tumor size (P < 0.05) based on MSP analysis. PS test however showed that the extent of methylation of Runx3 gene was related to the tumor size (P = 0.004), Lauren's classification (P = 0.043), depth of invasion (P < 0.01), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.021) and TNM staging (P = 0.045)., Conclusions: Methylation status of Runx3 gene detectable by PS is closely correlated with clinicopathological parameters of gastric carcinoma, including tumor size, Lauren's classification, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and TNM staging. PS is more sensitive than MSP in the detection of Runx3 gene methylation, which may serve as an important marker for early diagnosis and treatment of gastric carcinoma.

Objective: To prepare curcumin-loaded lipid cubic liquid crystalline nanoparticles and evaluate its physiochemical properties., Methods: The nanoparticles were prepared using hot and high-pressure homogenization. The prescription and preparation process were optimized by uniform design with drug loading and entrapment efficiency as indexes., Results: The nanoparticles were spherical under transmission electron microscope (TEM) with average particle size of 176.1 nm, zeta potential of -25.19 mV, average drug loading of (1.5 +/- 0.2)% and entrapment efficiency of (95 +/- 1.8)%. The release equation: In (1-Q) = -0.0251t-0.0075. The cumulative release percentage was 60% at 36 h in vitro., Conclusion: The obtained curcumin-loaded lipid cubic liquid crystalline nanoparticles shows high entrapment efficiency and good sustain release property.

Objective: To observe the ratio of Tim-1(+)CD19(+) B cell in the peripheral blood of kidney transplantation recipients and elucidate its functions., Methods: From December 2009 to June 2010, a total of 35 pairs of kidney transplant recipients were selected and divided into 3 groups: healthy donors as control (n = 35), pre-transplantation (n = 35) and post-transplantation (n = 35). The profiles of Tim-1(+)CD19(+) B cell in kidney transplantation donors and recipients were analyzed and sorted by flow cytometry (FCM). Mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) was carried out between kidney transplantation donors and recipients. After the additions of Tim-1(+)CD19(+) and Tim-1(-)CD19(+) B cells, there were 3 groups: Tim-1(+), Tim-1(-) and blank. Lymphocyte proliferation and inhibition status were evaluated by propidium iodide uptake and Annexin V binding. And the cytokine levels were detected by FCM., Results: The absolute values of peripheral CD19(+)B cells were (170 ± 90), (202 ± 99), (155 ± 71) cells/µl in the pre-transplantation, post-transplantation and control groups respectively, post-transplantation group were higher than control group (P = 0.0300). The Tim-1(+)CD19(+) cell ratios were (2.20 ± 0.98)%, (35.46 ± 10.66)% and (1.95 ± 0.95)% in three groups. And the differences were statistically significant (both P < 0.01). Tim-1(+)CD19(+) B and Tim-1(-)CD19(+) B cells were added into MLC respectively. The early apoptotic cells of the Tim-1(+) group were higher than those in the Tim-1(-) group [(45.31 ± 12.37)% vs (10.92 ± 2.14)%, P < 0.05] and significantly higher than the blank group [(1.93 ± 0.26)%, P < 0.01]. Late apoptotic and dead cells of the Tim-1(+) group were higher than those in the Tim-1(-) group [(21.32 ± 5.67)% vs (2.32 ± 0.31)%, P < 0.01] and the blank group [(1.27 ± 0.19)%, P < 0.05]. The interleukin 10 levels in MLC supernatant of the Tim-1(+) group were significantly higher than those in the Tim-1(-) group [(5.32 ± 0.37) pg/ml vs (2.46 ± 0.25) pg/ml, P = 0.0001]. However, the interferon-γ levels were lower than those in the Tim-1(-) group [(1.51 ± 0.22) pg/ml vs (4.69 ± 0.32) pg/ml, P = 0.0015]., Conclusion: Present in the peripheral blood of kidney transplantation recipients, Tim-1(+)CD19(+) B cell has the capacity of promoting lymphocytic apoptosis. As a new regulatory subset of B cells, it plays important roles in the immune responses of transplantation.

By the method of substituting temporal serial with spatial serial, and taking five abandoned cultivated lands with different ages (1, 4, 9, 12, and 20 years) in desert steppe region as test objects, this paper studied the change characteristics of plant community biomass and soil nutrients during vegetation succession. With the increasing abandoned years, the plant community aboveground biomass on the abandoned lands increased after an initial decrease, whereas the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic carbon contents, and carbon density in 0-60 cm soil layer increased first, decreased then, and increased again, with the maximum values of soil total nitrogen and phosphorus contents appeared on the abandoned lands with the ages 4 and 20 years. During vegetation succession, the effects of soil total nitrogen and organic carbon on plant community biomass were greater than those of soil total phosphorus and soil bulk density.

Objective: To investigate the effects of soothing liver and invigorating spleen recipes on expression levels of Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-1c (SREBP-1c) mRNA and SREBP-1c protein in hepatic tissue of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)., Methods: Fifty-five SD rats were randomized into 5 groups: normal control group, model group, soothing liver group, invigorating spleen group and combination group. Except the normal group, the rats in model group and other treatment groups were fed with high-fat emulsion to induce NAFLD. The treatment groups were administered with respective traditional chinese medicine, the normal group and model group received correspondence volume distilled water. After treatment for 8 weeks, the rats were executed to obtain the liver for observing hepatic pathological changes. Expression levels of SREBP-1c mRNA and SREBP-1c protein in hepatic tissues were assayed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry respectively., Results: Compared with the normal group, the expression level of SREBP-1c mRNA and SREBP-1c protein in rat hepatic tissues of model group was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group,the expression levels of SREBP-1c mRNA and SREBP-lc protein in the treated groups was decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05). Specially, expression levels of SREBP-1c mRNA were the lowest in soothing liver group and invigorating spleen group and hepatic fatty changes were the slightest., Conclusion: Soothing liver and invigorating spleen recipes can inhibit hepatic SREBP-1c expression. That may be one of their therapeutic mechanisms.

Objective: To detect the expression of MAP3K5 and miR-BART22 encoded by Epstein-Barr virus and explore their relationship in nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs)., Methods: Fifty-three archived specimens of NPCs and 30 nasopharyngitis specimens were collected for detecting the expression of EBERs and miR-BART22 by in situ hybridization, and the expression of MAP3K5 was detected using immunohistochemistry. Ten fresh NPC and 10 fresh nasopharyngitis specimens were also obtained for determining the protein expression of MAP3K5 by Western blotting., Results: EBERs were positive in all the 53 NPC specimens, and miR-BART22 was positive in 49 specimens; all the 30 nasopharyngitis specimens were negative for EBER or miR-BART22. In the 53 NPC tissues, 50 were negative for MAP3K5 expression in the cancer areas but positive in the adjacent mucosal areas, with the other 3 specimens showing a weak positivity (+). In the 30 nasopharyngitis specimens, 25 showed strong MAP3K5 positivity, 3 showed weak positivity and 2 were negative for MAP3K5 (P<0.001). Western blotting showed that the expression of MAP3K5 protein was significantly higher in nasopharyngitis than in NPC tissues (P=0.029). The expression of MAP3K5 and miR-BART22 was inversely correlated (P<0.001)., Conclusion: Compared with the adjacent mucosal tissues, NPC tissues have a lower expression of MAP3K5 but a higher expression of miR-BART22. The expression of MAP3K5 and miR-BART22 is inversely correlated, suggesting the possibility of MAP3K5 to serve as target gene of EBV miR-BART22. miR-BART22 may inhibit the expression of MAP3K5, thus reducing the protein phosphorylation of MAPK pathway downstream genes, inhibiting NPC cell apoptosis, preventing their differentiation and promoting their escape from immune surveillance.

Objective: To find whether the up-regulation of soluble human leucocyte antigen-G5 (sHLA-G5) levels is a new function mechanism of anti-interleukin-2 receptors (anti-IL-2R) monoclonal antibody treatment in kidney transplantation., Methods: A total of 215 recipients at our centre from January 2006 to December 2007 were divided into antibody use group (n = 141) and antibody non-use group (n = 74) and another healthy group (n = 69). The sHLA-G5 level in peripheral blood was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). And the expression of HLA-G5 was confirmed by Western blot and Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)., Results: sHLA-G5 levels was (56 ± 30) µg/L in using anti-IL-2 receptor monoclonal antibody before transplantation, It was higher than that before use antibody [(34 ± 20) µg/L], also higher than healthy group [(35 ± 17) µg/L] and antibody non-use group [(36 ± 19) µg/L, P < 0.05, respectively]. At Day 1, Day 4, Week 1, Week 2 post-transplantation, the level of sHLA-G5 of recipients with antibody use was significantly higher than that of those with antibody non-use. The values were as follows: (95 ± 35) µg/L vs (54 ± 16) µg/L, (131 ± 24) µg/L vs (75 ± 22) µg/L, (167 ± 44) µg/L vs (62 ± 17) µg/L, (172 ± 35) µg/L vs (45 ± 16) µg/L (all P < 0.01). And the results of Western blot and RT-PCR corresponded to those of ELISA., Conclusion: The preoperative use of first dose of anti-IL-2R monoclonal antibodies results in the up-regulated level of sHLA-G5. Thus it is beneficial for protecting the kidney survival and reducing the risks of acute rejection.

Not Abstract.

Objective: To study the clinical value of optoelectronic cervical cancer screening system (TruScreen, TS) in the screening of cervical cancer in comparison with cervical cytology test., Methods: A total of 392 patients were screened by TS, Pap, TCT, and HPV using the pathological and colposcopical results as the golden standard. The sensitivity, specificity, Kappa value and the area of under ROC of each method and their combinations (parallel tests) were compared., Results: The sensitivity of TS, Pap, TCT and HPV were 32.2%, 42.2%, 74.4% and 47.8%, with specificity of 96.7%, 93.7%, 78.8% and 84.8% in detecting cervical cancer, respectively. The sensitivity of the parallel tests, namely TCT/HPV, TCT/TS, Pap/TS and HPV/TS were 65.6%, 87.8%, 82.2% and 86.7%, with the specificity of 81.1%, 74.5%, 75.8% and 67.2%, respectively. In light of the areas of under ROC, significant differences were noted between the parallel tests of TS/Pap and TS/TCT (P<0.05), but not between TCT/Pap and TCT/TS (P>0.05); significant differences were found between the parallel tests with TS and those without TS (P<0.05), but not between TS alone and the parallel tests incorporating TS (P>0.05), nor between the 4 parallel tests (P>0.05)., Conclusion: As a new modality for early screening of cervical carcinoma, TS offers a means for real-time cancer detection with better diagnostic efficacy than Pap and HPV and equivalent efficacy to TCT. The combination of TS and cytological tests can further enhance the diagnostic accuracy.

Objective: to study the feasibility of human leucocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) as a post-transplantation prognostic biomarker and discuss the correlation of its receptor expression and the mechanisms., Methods: a total of 215 recipients in our centre from February 2006 to June 2008 were divided into stable kidney function group (n = 173) and acute rejection group (n = 42). The soluble human leucocyte antigen-G5 (sHLA-G5) level in peripheral plasma was detected by ELISA. And the HLA-G receptor ILT-2, KIR2DL4 on T, B, NK lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). The sHLA-G5 cutoff level by ROC curve was employed to predict the events of acute post-transplantation rejection. And regression analysis was used to determine the association of sHLA-G5 with acute rejection., Results: an optimal cutoff value of 139.0 microg/L could be defined for sHLA-G5 (sensitivity: 63.6%, specificity: 82.1%, AUC: 0.780). Binary regression analysis showed that sHLA-G5 played an independent role on acute rejection (P = 0.019, OR = 0.039, 95%CI: 2.091 - 5.661). The rate of HLA-G receptor ILT-2 on CD4(+)T cell, CD8(+)T cell and B cell in acute rejection group was statistically lower than that in stable kidney function group (21% ± 7% vs 52% ± 17%, 23% ± 6% vs 39% ± 16%, 21% ± 7% vs 39% ± 16%, all P < 0.05). The expression of KIR2DL4 on NK cells in acute rejection group was statistically lower than that in stable kidney function group (31% ± 10%vs 57% ± 21%, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: sHLA-G5 level may be predicted for acute rejection with a high sensitivity and specificity. The up-regulated expression of ILT-2 and KIR2DLT may contribute to immunology tolerance in peripheral circulation.

Objective: To investigate the relative factors of burn injury among primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou and to provide scientific evidence for intervention., Methods: 1:1 case-control study was conducted in 428 cases and 428 controls based on different sex and classes. The relationship between relative factors and burn injury was analyzed by univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression., Results: Following facts were discovered: burn injury mainly occurred in the upper limbs (57.9%), home was the place that most of burn injury (58.2%) took place, 51.0% of the burn injuries was caused by hot liquid, 43.9% burn injury needed medical treatment and 7.7% burn injury left with sequelae as dysfunction or disability. Data from the multivariate conditional logistic regression showed that boarding students (OR = 2.47), older age of the mothers (OR = 1.03), non-nuclear family (OR = 1.25 - 1.84) were risk factors of burn injury. Being the only child (OR = 0.60), having sufficient time for sleep (OR = 0.84), good performance record (OR = 0.85), higher maternal education background were protective factors on burn injury., Conclusion: Among primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou, burn injury mainly occurred in the upper limbs, and home was the place that most of burn injury took place.

Objective: To study the effect of mycophenolic acid (MPA) on maturation, endocytotic capacity and allostimulatory properties of human myeloid dendritic cell (MDC)., Methods: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated freshly from healthy volunteers (n = 15). The study group was treated by MPA. Co-stimulatory and adhesion molecular on MDC were analyzed by flow cytometry. After isolation of blood dendritic cell antigen-1(+) (BDCA-1(+)), the cellular uptake of FITC-dextran was measured by flow cytometry. After mixed lymphocyte reaction, the percentage of allogenic CD(4)(+) T cell in G(0) phase was analyzed by flow cytometry., Results: (1) Maturation: Compared to control group, MPA down-regulated the level of CD40, CD62L, HLA-DR, CD54, CD80, CD83 and CD86 on MDC significantly in study group (t = -3.713, P > 0.010). (2) Endocytotic capacity: MPA enhanced significantly the endocytotic capacity of MDC in study group (t = 10.171, P = 0.000). (3) Allostimulatory capacity: Compared to control group, MPA reduced the ability of MDC to stimulate markedly the T cell proliferation in study group., Conclusion: MPA may enhance the phagocytic capacity of human peripheral MDC, inhibit the maturity of MDC and impair its allostimulatory capacity of CD(4)(+) T lymphocyte.

Objective: To investigate the expression of non-classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I molecule, human leucocyte antigen (HLA) G, including membrane-bound HLA-G (mHLA-G), intracellular HLA-G (iHLA-G) and soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G), in peripheral blood of surviving kidney transplantation recipients and understand the relevance between HLA-G and the function of transplanted organ, as well as the onset of acute rejection., Methods: A longitudinal study was performed on 175 kidney transplantation recipients. Three groups were involved in this study, including acute rejection group (n = 36), function stable group (n = 139) and healthy control group (n = 30). The expression of mHLA-G1 and iHLA-G1 in the T lymphocytes of peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometry analysis and the sHLA-G5 level detected by ELISA., Results: The average rate of CD4(+)mHLA-G1(+), CD8(+)mHLA-G1(+), CD4(+)iHLA-G1(+), CD8(+)iHLA-G1(+) in T lymphocytes of healthy control group was 0.43% +/- 0.19%, 1.23% +/- 0.41%, 27% +/- 13% and 36% +/- 14% respectively. That of acute rejection group was 0.57% +/- 0.34%, 1.31% +/- 0.56%, 26% +/- 8% and 37% +/- 17%; that of function stable group was 0.61% +/- 0.43%, 1.39% +/- 0.47%, 26% +/- 9% and 37% +/- 17% respectively. There was no significant difference among the three groups (all P > 0.05). The average of sHLA-G5 levels in plasma of control group was (25 +/- 14) ng/ml, acute rejection group (24 +/- 15) ng/ml (pre-operative) and (34 +/- 21) ng/ml (post-operative), function stable group (25 +/- 11) ng/ml (pre-operative) and (56 +/- 32) ng/ml (post-operative). There was no significant difference among the three groups (pre-operative, P > 0.05). The average of sHLA-G5 levels in plasma of function stable group was higher than that of acute rejection group (post-operative, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: There is a subset of CD4(+)HLA-G1(+) and CD8(+)HLA-G1(+)T lymphocytes with low percentage in peripheral blood of those surviving kidney transplantation recipients. The expressions of mHLA-G1 and iHLA-G1 have no relevance with the onset of acute rejection. sHLA-G5 is correlated with acute rejection in peripheral blood of surviving transplantation recipients.

Objective: To evaluate long term effect and related factors in patients with menorrhagia treated by microwave endometrial ablation (MEA)., Methods: Total of 334 women with menorrhagia were treated by MEA, the range of age was from 29 to 59 years old. Among them, 59 cases were complicated by adenomyosis. All the patients were followed up on the change of menstrual cycle, the amount of flow, improvement of anaemia and complication. Fifty-three women underwent outpatient diagnostic hysteroscopy, the biopsy tissue was taken from the endometrium for histopathological examination. The mean duration of follow-up was 64.7 months (3 - 96 months)., Results: The overall curative rate was 91.3% (305/334), of which amenorrhea rate was 49.7% (166/334), menstruation reduction rate was 41.6% (139/334) ; 71.1% (140/197) of the cases who previously had dysmenorrhea had relieved their pelvic pain and the satisfactory rate was 91.9% (307/334). Among patients > 40 years, 92.9% (196/211) of operation effective rate, 93.8% (198/211) of satisfactory rate and 64.9% (137/211) of amenorrhea rate were obtained, while patients

Tissue samples of Fabricius' bursa collected from Nanning, Yulin, Beihai and Wuzhou in the provinces of Guangxi in China during the years of 2000-2007, were detected by a established reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique for IBDV. Viral isolation was performed on the positive samples by chicken embryo inoculation via chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM). Results showed that 27 isolates of IBDV were obtained. A set of primers were designed to amplify the vVP2 of 27 isolates by RT-PCR and the PCR products were sequenced. The sequences of all the isolates and reference viruses were analyzed and compared, and their phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the nucleotide sequences. The results indicated that isolate BH11, TZ(3), 050222, YL051, NN0603, NN0611and QX0602 etc, altogether 17 isolates, which accounted for 62.96 percent of total isolates, were identified to be very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) and have the highest homology to vvIBDV reference strains. In the phylogenetic analysis, they are divided into 3 groups and have a long distance to commonly used vaccine stains. Isolate NN040124 and YL052 were identified as intermediate-plus virulent strains and showed a highest homology to classical strains of 52-70 and STC. 8 isolates of YLZF2, 040131 etc were identified as attenuated vaccine strains and showed a highest homology to classical strain of CU1. The results from the study demonstrated that the viruses prevailing in chickens in these 4 regions in Guangxi province in the recently 7 years were vvIBDV and their origins were complex. The antigenicity of some isolates may have been drifted.