Search

Konjac glucomannan is a water-soluble, nonionic high-molecular-mass polysaccharide with good water-holding, film-forming, gelation, and biocompatibility properties. Among the many studies on konjac glucomannan-based composite materials, the studies of physically modified composite films have attracted much attention and shown promising applications in the field of new food packaging materials. In this review, the molecular structure and properties of konjac glucomannan are outlined, with a special focus on the types, morphological and structural characteristics, intermolecular interactions of the blending components, formation mechanism and functional properties of konjac glucomannan-based physically modified composite films and recent progress in their application.

This is a paper in the field of metallurgical engineering. Pellets were prepared from vanadium and titanium magnetite concentrates from Liaoxi, and the preheating characteristics and roasting characteristics of the pellets were studied. Results show that the strength of preheating ball can reach 819 N when preheating for 15 min at 900℃, and the strength of the ball reached 3020 N at 1100℃ for 15 min under the optimum preheating system. The oxidation degree of the pellet is 97% at 900℃ for 15 min, and the temperature has a stronger influence on the oxidation degree than time.With the increase of oxidation temperature, with the increase of preoxidation temperature, magnetite in the pellets changes into hematite and ilmenite into ferrobrookite. With the increase of calcination temperature, the crystal in pellet grows up, the porosity decreases and the structure becomes denser.

Background and objective At present, more and more studies predict invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) through three-dimensional features of pulmonary nodules, but few studies have confirmed that three-dimensional features have more advantages in diagnosing IAC than traditional two-dimensional features of pulmonary nodules. This study analyzed the differences of chest computed tomography (CT) features between IAC and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) from three-dimensional and two-dimensional levels, and compared the ability of diagnosing IAC. The non-invasive adenocarcinoma group includes precursor glandular lesions (PGL) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA). Methods The clinical data of 1,045 patients with ground glass opacity (GGO) from January to December 2019 were collected. Then the correlation between preoperative CT image characteristics and pathological results were analyzed retrospectively. The independent influencing factors for the identification of IAC were screened out according to two-dimensional and three-dimensional classification by multivariate Logistic regression and the cut-off point for the identification of IAC was found out through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. At last, the ability of diagnosing IAC was evaluated by Yoden index. Results The diameter of nodule, the diameter of solid component, the diameter of mediastinal window nodule in two-dimensional factors, and the volume of nodule, the volume of solid part and the average CT value in three-dimensional factors were independent risk factors for the diagnosis of IAC. These factors were arranged by Yoden index: solid partial volume (0.601)>nodule volume (0.536)>solid component diameter (0.525)>nodule diameter (0.518)>mediastinal window nodule diameter (0.488)>proportion of solid component volume (0.471)>1-tumor disappearance ratio (TDR) (0.468)>consolidation tumor ratio (CTR) (0.394)>average CT value (0.380). Conclusion The CT features of three-dimensional are better than two-dimensional in the diagnosis of IAC, and the size of solid components is better than the overall size of nodules.

Reservoir water and rainfall directly lead to the change in groundwater levals, which is the main factor inducing landslide. Most of the existing studies discuss the influence of reservoir water and rainfalls on landslide deformation based on monitoring data, and fail to reveal the groundwater response law of the reservoir landslide. The groundwater saturation line calculation model does not consider the influence of rainfall and reservoir water at the same time, and the boundary conditions of the model are quite different from the actual situation of the reservoir landslide. The research is to reveal the dynamic response law of groundwater in a reservoir landslide, and construct a calculation model of groundwater phreatic line closer to the actual situation. The dynamic monitoring of the groundwater levels in the Shiliushubao landslide of the Three Gorges Reservoir was carried out, and the results reveal the dynamic response law of the groundwater levels of the landslide under the conditions of the reservoir water rise and fall and rainfall. The groundwater seepage field is similar to the laminar flow. The groundwater levels in the front and middle of the landslide are almost synchronized with the reservoir water level. The groundwater levels in the rear of the landslide are mainly affected by rainfall. Daily rainfall of 30 mm will cause obvious changes in the groundwater levels. The differential equation of landslide groundwater unsteady seepage under the coupling condition of periodic reservoir water level fluctuation and random rainfall is analyzed and established. Subsequently, the calculation model of the groundwater level infiltration line of the landslide of the reservoir is set up and used for the actual monitoring results to verify the accuracy of the modified model. The calculation results of the calculation model are employed to analyze the seepage field of the landslide under different working conditions, and it is concluded that the reservoir water level can affect the landslide within about 145 m from the front edge. The rainfall and reservoir water level change the thresholds that trigger groundwater changes are 0.03 m/d and 0.1 m/d, respectively, and there are certain differences in the impact of rainfall and reservoir water level on the groundwater levels under different combinations of working conditions.

Background and objective At present, the research progress of targeted therapy for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene mutations in lung adenocarcinoma is very rapid, which brings new hope for the treatment of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients. However, the specific imaging and pathological features of EGFR and ALK gene mutations in adenocarcinoma are still controversial. This study will further explore the correlation between EGFR, ALK gene mutations and imaging and pathological features in invasive lung adenocarcinoma. Methods A total of 525 patients with lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery in our center from January 2018 to December 2019 were included. According to the results of postoperative gene detection, the patients were divided into EGFR gene mutation group, ALK gene mutation group and wild group, and the EGFR gene mutation group was divided into exon 19 and exon 21 subtypes. The pathological features of the mutation group and wild group, such as histological subtype, lymph node metastasis, visceral pleural invasion (VPI) and imaging features such as tumor diameter, consolidation tumor ratio (CTR), lobulation sign, spiculation sign, pleural retraction sign, air bronchus sign and vacuole sign were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis to explore whether the gene mutation group had specific manifestations. Results EGFR gene mutation group was common in women (OR=2.041, P=0.001), with more pleural traction sign (OR=1.506, P=0.042), and had little correlation with lymph node metastasis and VPI (P>0.05). Among them, exon 21 subtype was more common in older (OR=1.022, P=0.036), women (OR=2.010, P=0.007), and was associated with larger tumor diameter (OR=1.360, P=0.039) and pleural traction sign (OR=1.754, P=0.029). Exon 19 subtype was common in women (OR=2.230, P=0.009), with a high proportion of solid components (OR=1.589, P=0.047) and more lobulation sign (OR=2.762, P=0.026). ALK gene mutations were likely to occur in younger patients (OR=2.950, P=0.045), with somking history (OR=1.070, P=0.002), and there were more micropapillary components (OR=4.184, P=0.019) and VPI (OR=2.986, P=0.034) in pathology. Conclusion The EGFR and ALK genes mutated adenocarcinomas have specific imaging and clinicopathological features, and the mutations in exon 19 or exon 21 subtype have different imaging features, which is of great significance in guiding the clinical diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules.

Shiliushubao landslide is an important part of the Huanglashi landslide group, which has attracted much attention for a long time. In this paper, the detailed material composition and structure of the Shiliushubao landslide are obtained by the exploration, and the deformation characteristics and deformation mechanism of the landslide are studied through automatic GPS surface displacement, groundwater level, rainfall monitoring in recent two years. The results show that the front deformation is the main deformation of the Shiliushubao landslide at first, and at present, the deformation of the middle and rear part is the main deformation. Rainfall is the main reason for the reactivation of Shiliushubao landslide, which is continuously deformed by the joint action of reservoir water level rise and fall and rainfall. The small deformation of the leading edge is mainly due to the high permeability of the front edge and the small hydraulic gradient; the large deformation of the middle and rear part is mainly due to the small permeability of the middle and rear part and the relatively large hydraulic gradient. Rainfall has a great influence on the groundwater of landslide, which makes the hydraulic gradient of groundwater increase 5～9 times. This study can provide an important reference for monitoring - early warning and prevention of landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.

The incidence and mortality of lung cancer rank first among all malignant tumors in China. With the popularization of high resolution computed tomography (CT) in clinic, chest CT has become an important means of clinical screening for early lung cancer and reducing the mortality of lung cancer. Imaging findings of early lung adenocarcinoma often show partial solid nodules with ground glass components. With the development of imaging, the relationship between the imaging features of some solid nodules and their prognosis has attracted more and more attention. At the same time, with the development of 3D-reconstruction technology, clinicians can improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment of such nodules.This article focuses on the traditional imaging analysis of partial solid nodules and the imaging analysis based on 3D reconstruction, and systematically expounds the advantages and disadvantages of both.

In this paper we introduce an electronic seal base on 13.56 MHz RFID technology. The seal includes national commercial encryption algorithm SM7 to ensure the reliability and security. The radio frequency identification also allows the seal to be easily managed. In this paper we also introduce architecture of this kind of seal which include the antenna structure, function module, state machine working flow, 3 pass authentication and so on. Finally we realize a chip on HJEE110nm standard CMOS technology, the chip core only occupies 0.5 mm2 and the power consumptions are less than 100 μA. The chip packaged in ID1 completely matches the standard of ISO14443 and ISO10373-6, and chip packaged in seals in three specifications works perfect with the encrypt reader.

Aiming at the limitation of SOC′s pin number, and in security IC applications, on chip capless LDO and on chip decouple capacitor were preferred for suppling digital cores power. But On Chip Capless LDO′s finite bandwidth limited it responses sharp current pulses existed in digital core, huge on chip decouple capacitors of several nano farads are necessary for these situations. These on chip capacitors occupy significant chip area, so these capacitors must be mapped out in the whole chip floorplan and so did LDO designs. In conventional design flow, the on chip capacitor′s size was confirmed after P&R with power simulations at the late design procedure, which results in iterations of LDO design and whole chip floorplan distribution. A new accurate method was given based on deeply understanding digital circuit how to work in order to estimate the values of on chip capacitors at the early procedure of the flow, so the floorplan of the chip and LDO design could be started earlier, the iteration of these procedure was limited to one time. This method was succeeded applied in one SOC design, the post simulation and test results show that the estimated on chip capacitors are very accurate.

Objective To observe the curative effect of aprepitant on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV) and hemoglobin level in gynecological malignancy patients. Methods A total of 85 gynecological malignancy patients in our hospital from July 2013 to June 2017 were divided into the aprepitant group and the control group, according to patients' anti-nausea drug usage.Both groups received chemotherapy and conventional symptomatic treatment; the aprepitant group was added with aprepitant.We observed nausea and vomiting, hemoglobin level and peripheral blood in two groups. Results The incidence of nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy was lower in the aprepitant group(P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the incidence of dizziness, headache or other adverse reactions between two groups (P > 0.05).The decrease of erythrocyte number after chemotherapy in the aprepitant group was slightly less than that in the control group(P > 0.05). Conclusion The aprepitant could not only effectively prevent the occurrence of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, improve patients' quality of life and treatment compliance, but also make patients eat early, which is conducive tothe formation of hemoglobin and reducing tumor burden and chemotherapy-induced anemia.

Magnesium alloy is the lightest metal structural material, but its low strength, low plasticity and poor corrosion resistance severely limit its wide application as a light metal material in the engineering field. Magnesium matrix composites are considered to be one of the most advantageous ways to improve the mechanical properties of magnesium alloys and realize their industrial applications because of their high specific strength, specific stiffness, specific modulus and light weight. The article focuses on the current study of magnesium matrix composites enhanced by carbon nanotubes, graphene and SiC. The bottleneck of magnesium matrix composites is analyzed from the aspects of reinforcement dispersion, interface bonding and structural stability. The new ideas for the design of magnesium matrix composites are introduced from the aspects of surface modification of reinforcements, design of matrix alloy, and preparation process of the composite material. Also the development trend and research direction of future magnesium matrix composites are proposed.

Aiming at the problems of complex supply voltage and high sensitivity of power in ADC for the industrial Internet of Things, this paper presents a flexible, low power and low noise reference voltage generator for the SAR ADC to obtain good PSRR and a stable supply-independent full-scale range. The 2.5 V or 1.5 V is available based on the different range of supply voltage(2.65 V～3.6 V or 2.2 V～3.6 V). This circuit support off-chip capacitor to provide transient current for the ADC to avoid the power-hungry integrated buffer in series sampling mode. An energy-efficient mode which uses integrated buffer rather than off-chip capacitor can be configured to obtain short setting time to save energy during each one-shot sample. Testing result shows the circuit can save power/energy with no loss in ADC performance.

In order to research random vibration characteristics of longitudinal roadheader under random cutting load, a multi-rigid-body dynamics model of the longitudinal roadheader was established by use of ADAMS software. Vibration characteristics of cutting head, boom and body under axial drilling, vertical cutting and horizontal cutting were simulated. The simulation results show that axial drilling has the greatest influence on vibration of each part of the longitudinal roadheader, and vertical displacement response of random vibration is greater than horizontal displacement response of random vibration under axial drilling. There is little difference between horizontal displacement response and vertical displacement response of random vibration under vertical cutting and horizontal cutting. Horizontal cutting has the least influence on vibration of the body.

In order to enhance the capability of resistant to protein adsorption of the copolymer membrane of polyacryloylmorpholine-graft-acryloylmorpholine(PVDF-g-PACMO), a crosslinking agent of ethylene glycoldimethacrylate(EGDMA) was added to prepare the copolymer.The copolymers with different proportions of the crosslinking agent were cast into flat membranes via a liquid-liquid phase separation technique, and then the influence of EGDMA contained in the membranes on its capability of resistant to protein adsorption was investigated. FT-IR results indicate the PVDF-g-PACMO copolymers with EGDMA are synthesized successfully. A series of tests, including XPS, SEM, the contact angle, the static protein adsorption and permeation experiments, show that PACMO is much easier to segregate to the surface with the increase of the crosslinking agent content in the system, the number of membrane pores increases, meantime, the hydrophilicity and water flux of the copolymer membranes are improved. Moreover, the adsorption amount of protein, total pollution index and irreversible pollution index decrease, and reversible pollution index increases. All results indicate the crosslinking agent of EGDMA can enhance the capability of resistant to protein adsorption of PVDF-g-PACMO membranes.

The phase transformations and precipitation behavior were investigated by using Thermo-Calc software in the Fe-(18-21)Cr-(3-5)Al-(0-0.03)C-(0-0.2)Si-(0-0.2)Mn multicomponent system relevant to FeCrAl stainless steel during solidification. The vertical sections of this system were calculated by using the TCFE7 database. Based on these vertical sections, the influence of different elements was analyzed in the phase transformations during solidification and a diagram of the phase-transformation path of FeCrAl stainless steel was obtained during equilibrium solidification. The results indicate that the full-phase transformation path of FeCrAl stainless steel during the cooling process from 1600℃ to 300℃ is as follows:L→AlN+αδFe→AlN+αδFe+Cr7C3→AlN+αδFe+Cr7C3+Cr23C6→AlN+αδFe+Cr23C6→AlN+αδFe+Cr23C6+σ→AlN+αδFe+Cr23C6+σ+α'→AlN+αδFe+Cr23C6+α'. The precipitation of Cr7C3 and σ, during the solidification process mainly depends on the carbon and silicon contents in the system, respectively. Increasing the aluminum content can enlarge the stable region of αδFe+Cr7C3, lower the precipitation temperature of α', and restrain σ precipitation. Increasing the chromium content can reduce the stable region of αδFe+Cr7C3 and enlarge the stable region of σ and α'.

A truly random number generator based on thermal noise was proposed, and the resistance thermal noise was used as the noise source of the low frequency clock. It uses two independent working relative relationship between high and low frequency oscillator to sample noise source, and uses low frequency oscillator with jitter to sample the high frequency osciuator which has a fixed cycle oscillator by D flip-flop, to generate a random number sequence. The circuit was based on SMIC 28 nm CMOS process. The simulation results show that based on the thermal noise of truly random number generator the output throughput rate range is 1.8~12 Mb/s, random number output satisfies the requirement of entropy source AIS31 truly random number test, and the overall power consumption is 0.388 mW.

The effects of vacuum processing time, nitrogen pressure and gas types on the total oxygen and micro non-metallic inclusions in molten steel were investigated to further improve the technology of micro non-metallic inclusion removal from molten steel with gas bubbles generated by the nitrogen absorbing and releasing method. It is found that in the vacuum treatment process, non-metallic inclusions can act as heterogeneous nucleation sites for the evolution of supersaturated nitrogen from molten steel to form bubbles on their surface, the total oxygen decreases, and these micro non-metallic inclusions are effectively removed by the nitrogen absorbing and releasing technology. The longer the vacuum processing time, the lower the content of total oxygen and amount of micro non-metallic inclusions in steel will be, and the removal rate of total oxygen reaches to 81.6% after the steel is vacuum treated 30 min, with the lowest total oxygen content about 7 ×10-6 in steel.

Based on the consideration of raw material properties,technical requirements and practical applications,a reasonable admixture composition scheme was determined,and the flow performance,plastic viscosity and compressive strength of concrete were investigated through the orthogonal design of C55 machine-made sand concrete. The results show that the admixture affects the working performance of concrete,in which the stone powder can significantly affect the concrete pouring time; there is a close re lationship between viscosity and working performance indicators,combined with the multi-factor linear regression analysis proposed viscosity prediction method based on the working performance the addition of mineral admixtures has varying degrees of impact on the compressive strength of concrete at different ages,and there is a good correlation between the type and dosage of mineral ad mixtures and the 7d compressive strength of concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recommendation of point of interest (POI) is one of the most popular topics in location-based social network (LBSN). The existing recommendation methods do not fully consider the deep influence of the spatial and temporal intervals between sequences of check-in data on the recommended sequences. They ignore the global information in the checkin data and focus on the local preferences in the recent check-in sequence of a single user. To address these problems, this paper proposes a global feature fusion based spatiotemporal network (GSTN) interest point recommendation algorithm. The method uses graph neural networks to obtain global features of the heterogeneous network graph of check- in data, and incorporates spatiotemporal gating into the traditional gating structure, fuses global features to model users'mobile behavior, and then introduces a self-attentive mechanism to learn user preference vector representation. Finally, the experiments are carried out on two real datasets. The experiments show that the proposesd approach outperforms similar algorithms in terms of recommendation performance and verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rare earth permanent magnet materials are widely applied in critical fields such as aerospace，energy technology，and transportation，serving as critical materials in modern technology. The 1∶12-type（ThMn12）SmFe permanent magnet material exhibits magnetic properties comparable to Nd2Fe14B and possesses a higher Curie temperature. It exhibits the highest theoretical magnetic energy product among permanent magnets. Moreover，it consists of abundant elements，showing significant potential for application. However，this material faces challenges in thermal stability，leading to low coercivity，thus hindering its potential. This paper first analyzed the reasons for the poor thermal stability of the 1∶12 phase，concluding the influence of elements occupying different crystallographic sites on phase stability and intrinsic magnetic properties. Subsequently，we analyzed the key factors affecting the coercivity，elucidating the inherent relationship between preparation processes and coercivity. Finally，we proposed strategies for achieving high magnetic energy products in 1∶12 type SmFe permanent magnets，such as multi-site element Co-doping，control of cooling rate，and grain boundary encapsulation，providing important references for developing rare earth permanent magnets.

In this study, a ceramides-dominant mixture was isolated from Incarvillea compacta by silica gel column chromatography and identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry along with identification methods such as H/C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The ceramides-dominant mixture had a total ceramide content of 81.53%, and its anti-inflammatory effect was preliminarily evaluated. Besides, the anti-inflammatory effect of the total ceramides from I. compacta on (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were also investigated. The results of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay showed that the ceramides-dominant mixture from I. compacta (the ceramide preparation) at low concentrations (6.25~50 µg/mL) had no significant effect on the cell viability of RAW264.7 cells. The ceramide preparation significantly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide (NO), with the highest inhibition rate being 91.07%±0.11% when the concentration of the ceramide preparation was 100 µg/mL. The ceramide preparation effectively suppressed them RNA expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs), as well as the protein expressions and phosphorylation of inhibitor-α of NF-κB (IκBα), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase1 (PDK1), protein kinase B (AKT) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The results of this study showed that the ceramide preparation has significant anti-inflammatory activity, and can exert its anti-inflammatory effect through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase / protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. The experimental results of thiswork can provide certain scientific and data support for the development of related health foods and rational utilization of plant resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out that in order to make significant progress in the purpose of common prosperity of all people and achieve the goal of common prosperity, we must focus on increasing the wealth of low-income groups. In order to get rid of poverty, the rural labors usually have strong willingness to take their entrepreneurship, which is often hardly realized due to lack of funds. Traditional financial institutions have no incentive to support such small business, especially considering the risk in lending money to rural labor force. As a new financial model developed by the Internet, does digital finance have significant effects on solving their difficulties? How can digital finance improve the income of those entrepreneurs who have migrated from rural to urban? This paper focuses on these issues. First, this paper theoretically explains the effect and shows the impacting path of digital finance on the income of rural immigrant population. Then, based on the digital financial indexes of Peking University and the China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2018 of the National Health Commission, this paper empirically studies the impact and the impacting path of digital finance on the income of rural immigrant population. Considering the fact affected by the development of digital finance in the different types of entrepreneurial behavior, this paper compares the rural immigrant population into two groups according to the current division of entrepreneurial types: survival entrepreneurship and development entrepreneurship. Considering that there would also be a reverse causality problem, this paper constructs instrumental variables by using the distance between the cities where rural immigrant entrepreneurs are located and the provincial capital, and the distance between the cities where rural immigrant entrepreneurs are located and the center of Hangzhou. This paper also uses Heckman two-step method to solve the endogenous problem caused by sample self-selection. Then, by using quantile regression method, this paper also makes a comparison on whether the regional digital finance development influences the entrepreneurship of rural immigrant population at different income levels. The results show that digital finance can effectively improve the income of rural immigrant entrepreneurs, and play a positive role in narrowing the income gap between different groups of rural immigrant entrepreneurs. Depth and breadth of digital finance can increase the income of entrepreneurs who are rural immigrant population. Second, the development of digital finance has more significantly impact on the income of rural immigrant population groups who are middle-income entrepreneurs compared with those high-income rural immigrant entrepreneurs. In addition, this paper finds that digital finance improves income of rural immigrant entrepreneurs by reducing the capital constraints, promoting more transformation in the field of entrepreneurship, expanding the scales of employment and enhancing their risk preference. This paper also discusses whether personal characteristics of entrepreneurs have a moderating effect on the impact of digital finance on entrepreneurial income. The results show that if the person who take entrepreneurships has higher human capital, deeper social integration ability and cognition in risk management, the effect of digital finance on increasing the entrepreneurial income of the rural immigrant population will be more effective. Finally, based on the conclusions, this paper gives some policy suggestions. First, we should constantly construct our Internet infrastructure, which is the preconditions for developing digital finance and expanding the coverage of digital finance. Second, we should focus on how to use digital finance in alleviating capital constraints in rural immigrant population, and adopt both online and offline ways to support the entrepreneurship. Third, digital financial services should be used carefully in order to reduce digital financial risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The changes in the main chemical components in water extracts of Tibetan tea during the pile fermentation process were investigated. Methods: Research was done on tea samples and water extracts from various fermentation stages of Tibetan tea. Soluble solids, soluble sugars, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and in vitro antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH) were all examined. Additionally, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was used to find theophylline, caffeine, gallic acid (GA), and 8 catechins monomers. By using enzyme-linked immunoassay, the amount of theaflavin, thearubigin, and theabrownin were determined. Results: The soluble solids in Tibetan tea reduced and then slightly increased during the fermentation process. The amount of soluble sugar, total polyphenols, and total flavonoids and the antioxidant activity decreased gradually. Caffeine showed a fluctuating state with small changes, the amount of GA and catechin (C) increased and then slightly decreased. Epicatechin (EC) and (gallocatechin gallate) GCG concentration increased and then decreased. Gallocatechin (GC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin gallate (ECG), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) levels all showed a consistent reduction. The EGCG decreased from 39.69 mg/g in the initial tea to 1.36 mg/g in final product. The amount of theaflavin first climbed and then slightly dropped, the amount of thearubigin changed slightly, and the amount of theabrownin progressively increased (3.12 g/100 g in the original tea, 7.46 g/100 g in the completed tea). Conclusion: The changes in main chemical components during the fermentation process of Tibetan tea were revealed. These results might serve as guidelines for processing and quality control of Tibetan tea.

Objective To investigate the surgical treatment of patients with prostatic hyperplasia in grade 3A hospitals of Gansu Province and explore the choice of surgical methods in different hospitals, the occurrence of short-term complications after surgery and the advantages and disadvantages of different surgeries in health economics. Methods A total of 1 999 patients who underwent surgical treatment for BPH from August 2017 to August 2020 in grade 3A hospitals were included in the study, and grouped according to prostate volume and surgical methods. Results There were differences in operation time, bladder irrigation time and catheter time between large and small volume groups (P<0.05).There were differences in operation time, bladder irrigation time, catheter removal time, postoperative hospitalization time and hospitalization cost among the three surgical methods (P<0.05). Conclusion The baseline characteristics of BPH patients requiring surgical treatment in grade 3A hospitals of Gansu Province are similar to those in other parts of China, and the safety of treatment may have reached the level of developed regions in China and European and American countries. However, in terms of postoperative catheter time and hospital stay, Gansu province was much longer than European and American countries. In terms of the promotion and development of new surgical methods, Gansu province lags behind the developed regions in China and European and American countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radix glehniae, the dry root of Glehnia littoralis, can be used as medicine and food. It has been used to clear lung heat, to relieve cough and to moisten lung in clinical application. Pharmacological research shows that it possesses anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. However, the molecular mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect is still not clear. In this study, the databases of TCMSP, PubChem, SEA, UniProt, GeneCards were used to collect the active compounds of Radix glehniae, the corresponding targets of these active compounds and the anti-inflammatory targets. The molecular target network was also constructed using the active components and anti-inflammatory target based on the network nodes. Furthermore, the protein-protein interactions, GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment were analyzed based on the network node. Eight components, such as quercetin, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol were obtained as the active components of Radix glehniae. There were 92 anti-inflammatory targets, including JUN, CASP3, EGFR, AKT1, HSP90AA1, TGFB1, PGR, MET, PLAU, PIM1, and PIK3R1, which are involved in pathways, such as estrogen signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway etc. The characteristics of multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways for Radix glehniae can provide a new way and direction for further study on anti-inflammatory mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using fly ash (grade I and II), slag powder (grade S105 and S95), silica fume, limestone powder (superfine and ordinary), steel slag powder (grade II) and natural pozzolanic ash to synthesize a variety of composite admixtures, this paper studied the compressive strength and flexural strength of cement mortar with 30% and 50% composite admixtures respectively in 7d,28 d, 56 d and 90 d, and analyzed the influence of different composite admixtures on the brittleness of mortar. The results show that the compressive strength of the composite sand 3F1Sl1Si, 3F1L1, 3F1L2, 3F2L2, 5F1L1, 3F1Sl1lL1, 5F1Sl1lL1 is in or near to the pure cement, and the brittleness coefficient is also lower than that of the pure cement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the effects of high carbon ferrochrome slag as coarse aggregate on workability, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity under static compression,electric flux, long-term shrinkage and content of extractable heavy metal of concrete were investigated. The results indicate that serious risk on technology will not arise when regarding the high carbon ferrochrome slag as coarse aggregate in concrete from the perspective of volume stability and extractable heavy metal. Under the appropriate mix ratio, the high carbon ferrochrome slag, if acting as coarse aggregate, will not bring obvious adverse effects into concrete. Hence, it will be feasible to consider the high carbon ferrochrome slag as coarse aggregate of concrete from the technical point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The knowledge of graph theory， the research method for the Chinese postman problem， and the improved Fleury algorithm are applied with the addition of random selection elements （i.e.， random branch nodes on the main line and endpoints on the branch line） to obtain the near-optimal UAV patrol paths. The calculation results show that the patrol path of simple lines generally follows the order of mainline towers， while there is no clear rule for the patrol path of complex lines. It is verified that the proposed algorithm procedure is practical and fault-tolerant， applicable to all simple and complex lines； the patrol mileage is generally 10% to 30% more than the actual mileage， ideally effective.

Due to the lack of high-quality mineral admixtures and the huge amount of traffic engineering construction in Yunnan Province in recent years, high-quality mineral admixtures are relatively scarce and the price is very high, which seriously affects project construction. This paper focuses on the issue and compare the mixture performance, mechanical properties, durability and economic indicators of concrete at C30, C40, C50 strength grade compounded with ground material composite admixture and fly ash, respectively. The results show that the concrete compounded with the ground composite admixture can reach or exceed the standard of that with the fly ash from the perspective of the mixture performance, mechanical properties and durability, and have a better economic benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experimental investigation on the restrained expansion rate of cement mortars which were prepared by mixing calcium oxide (CaO)expansion clinker and magnesium oxide (MgO)expansion clinkers with different active reaction time at 20°C and 40°C was carried out. Then the strain history of concrete filled steel tube (CFST)was tested under mock temperature history of actual situation by using concrete strain meter to evaluate the effect of calcium oxide (CaO)and magnesium oxide (MgO)compound expansion agent (EA). The results indicated that CFST has experienced drastic temperature rise and drop process at its early age. However, the currently used calcium oxide expansion agents have characters of high activity, fast hydration, and strong temperature sensitivity, which do not match the shrinkage process of CSFT, they couldn't compensate CFST shrinkage at temperature drop stage effectively. Light burned MgO clinkers with different active reaction time and light burned CaO clinker were compounded in a certain ratio as a new kind of concrete expansion agent which was applied in CFST, the delayed expansion performance of magnesium oxide can be used to compensate the shrinkage of CFST in stages and throughout the process. Therefore, the expansion prepressing stress from core concrete to steel tube wall has been established and maintained effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The difference of internal stress caused by different types of polycarbonate (PC) test specimens and its parts, different mold temperatures and different solvent resistance were characterized through a series of soaking experiments at different components and solvent concentrations. The effect of annealing process on the improvement of internal stress of the parts was verified, and the effects of stress and mechanical properties of the parts were quantitatively measured and analyzed. Furthermore, the solvent stress cracking mechanism of the parts were analyzed and discussed. The results indicated that CCl4 was not suitable to characterize the difference of stress and solvent resistance of PC due to its high corrosion, and however a mixture of toluene and n-propanol was suitable as a solvent for this characterization. The formation of PC/PBT alloys could effectively improve the resistance to solvent-induced crack of PC. The difference of mold temperature could give a more than 30% influence on the numbers of stress crack of PC. The stress cracking problem of PC parts could be solved effectively by annealing at 110 °C for 2 h, and meanwhile, their strength was not reduced significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raw materials in this experiment are zinc oxide(ZnO), selenium powder(Se) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4). ZnO/ZnSe core/shell nanowires with different temperatures (50, 70, 90 °C) were fabricated by dip-coating method. And structure, morphology and photocatalytic properties of these samples will be studied in dental by transmission electron microscope(TEM), Raman spectroscopy (RAMAN), UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) and photocatalytic properties test. The results show that the reaction temperatures of samples are higher, ZnSe particles attached to the surface of ZnO are denser, coreshell structure of nanowires is more obvious, the degradaion rate of these samples is more rapid and the effect of degrading of ZnO/ZnSe core/shell nanowires is more significant in the Halogen lamp irradiation. However, 70°C is the optimum reaction temperarture to fabricate ZnO/ZnSe core/shell nanowires when convenience of fabrication process and environmental protection are taken into consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the current situation of potential alkali-silicic acid-reactive granite aggregates in Yunnan and the scarcity of local traditional admixture resources, the inhibitory effect of composite admixtures, which formed by local limestone powder, coal-fired slag, silica fume and fly ash, on the alkali-silicic acid reactivity of granite aggregates was studied. The results show that fly ash and silica fume have a good composite effect, and 15% fly ash with 5% silica fume can effectively inhibit the alkali -silicic acid reactivity of granite aggregate. When fly ash, coal -fired slag powder and silica fume multi -component compounding are used, the inhibitory effects of each component are fully synergistically exerted, and the fly ash content can be further reduced to 10% with achieving the suppression effectiveness requirement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the clinical features of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with positive serum aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody. Methods A total of 18 MS patients who had been diagnosed in accord with McDonald Criteria (2010) were enrolled and were divided into AQP4 positive group (N = 5) and AQP4 negative group (N = 13). In combination with accessory examination, clinical features and laboratory data of MS patients were correlatively studied between 2 groups in association with follow-up study in Outpatient Clinic. Results Five seropositive patients, including 2 men and 3 women, were collected. The median age of onset was 43 years and the median clinical course was 4 months. Compared with patients with negative AQP4 antibody, MS patients with positive AQP4 antibody demonstrated increased spinal cord lesions and optic nerve involvement. MRI revealed multiple abnormal long T1 and long T2 signals in brain and cervicothoracic spinal cord (3/5), and multiple abnormal long T1 and long T2 signals in cervicothoracic spinal cord (2/5) in seropositive group. Relatively more patients in seropositive group had increased cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) IgG index (4/4) and 24 h intrathecal IgG synthesis rate (3/4), and positive oligoclonal bands (OBs, 3/4). Two patients presented with positive anti- nuclear antibody (ANA) and one Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in seropositive group. Conclusions There were some differences in clinical features between AQP4 antibody positive MS and classical MS, suggesting distinctive pathogenesis may exist between these two entities, which need to be emphasized and treated accordingly from the diagnostic and therapeutic points of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of silicon (Si) supply on diurnal variations of photosynthesis and transpiration-related physiological parameters at rice heading stage under elevated UV-B radiation. The experiment was designed with two UV-B radiation levels, i.e. ambient UV-B (ambient, A) and elevated UV-B (elevated by 20%, E), and four Si supply levels, i.e. Si0 (control, 0 kg SiO2•hm-2), Si1 (sodium silicate, 100 kg SiO2•hm-2), Si2 (sodium silicate, 200 kg SiO2•hm-2), Si3 (slag fertilizer, 200 kg SiO2•hm-2). The results showed that, compared with ambient UV-B radiation, elevated UV-B radiation decreased the net photosynthesis rate (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductivity (gs) and water use efficiency (WUE) by 11.3%, 5.5%, 10.4%, 20.3% and 6.3%, respectively, in the treatment without Si supply (Si0 level), and decreased the above parameters by 3.8%-5.5%, 0.7%-4.8%, 4.0%-8.7%, 7.4%-20.2% and 0.7%-5.9% in the treatments with Si supply (Si1, Si2 and Si3 levels), respectively. Namely, elevated UV-B radiation decreased the photosynthesis and transpiration-related physiological parameters, but silicon supply could obviously mitigate the depressive effects of elevated UV-B radiation. Under elevated UV-B radiation, compared with control (Si0 level), silicon supply increased Pn, Ci, gs and WUE by 16.9%-28.0%, 3.5%-14.3%, 16.8%-38.7% and 29.0%-51.2%, respectively, but decreased Tr by 1.9%-10.8% in the treatments with Si supply (Si1, Si2 and Si3 levels). That is, silicon supply could mitigate the depressive effects of elevated UV-B radiation through significantly increasing Pn, Ci, gs and WUE, but decreasing Tr. However, the difference existed in ameliorating the depressive effects of elevated UV-B radiation on diurnal variations of physiological parameters among the treatments of silicon supply, with the sequence of Si3>Si2>Si1>Si0. This study suggested that fertilizing slag was helpful not only in recycling industrial wastes, but also in effectively mitigating the depressive effects of elevated UV-B radiation on photosynthesis and transpiration in rice production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of silicon supply on rice growth and methane (CH4) emission in paddy field under elevated UV-B radiation. The experiment was designed with two UV-B radiation levels, i.e. ambient UV-B (ambient, A) and elevated UV-B radiation (elevated by 20%, E); with four silicon supply levels, i.e., Si0 (control, without silicon), Si1 (as sodium silicate, 100 kg SiO2•hm-2) , Si2 (as sodium silicate, 200 kg SiO2•hm-2) and Si3 (as slag fertilizer, 200 kg SiO2•hm-2). The results indicated that, silicon supply obviously alleviated the depressive effect of elevated UV-B radiation on rice growth, and increased the tiller numbers, chlorophyll content, and shoot and root dry masses. Silicon supply promoted rice growth, which increased with the silicon supply level (sodium silicate). Slag fertilizer was better than sodium silicate in promoting rice growth. CH4 flux and accumulated CH4 emission were obviously increased by elevated UV-B radiation, but significantly decreased by silicon application. CH4 emission was reduced with increasing the silicon supply level. Under the same silicon supply level, slag fertilizer was better than sodium silicate in inhibiting CH4 flux and accumulated CH4 emission. This research suggested that fertilizing slag in rice production was helpful not only in utilizing industrial wastes, but also in significantly mitigating CH4 emissions in rice paddy under elevated UV-B radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the immunological abnormalities beyond central nervous system (CNS) associated with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs). Methods Clinical data of 56 patients with NMOSDs from January 2010 to December 2013 enrolled in Department of Neurology at Peking University People's Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. All patients were divided into 2 groups: neuromyelitis optica (N = 33) and non - neuromyelitis optica (N = 23). Each patient underwent detailed physical examination including internal medicine and nervous system. Records of complicated autoimmune diseases as well as scoring of Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) were used to evaluate disease severity. Part of patients received detection of multiple immunological indicators. Results In all patients with NMOSDs, there were 3 cases with Hashimoto thyroiditis, one case with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS), asthma, hyperthyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis and iridocyclitis, respectively. In patients whose immunological indices were available, the first three abnormal immunological changes were abnormal thyroid function (10/17), positive anti-nuclear antibody (14/28) and positive complement 3 (8/19). In addition, NMOSDs got worsen in 2 cases after delivery. Conclusions NMOSDs coexist with many kinds of autoimmune diseases and multiple autoantibodies. The above - mentioned autoimmunity may be related to the pathogenesis of NMOSDs. Besides, pregnancy or delivery may aggravate the disease severity of NMOSDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to analyze vibration characteristics of a longitudinal roadheader under the influence of random excitations, horizontal and vertical differential equations of the roadheader were established by using Lagrangian equation, taking a domestic longitudinal roadheader as a example,for the cutting head suffers random excitations,the mathematical models of horizontal and vertical vibration responses were derived by utilizing of the Pseudo excitation method. The natural frequency, the first three orders of vibration shapes, the responses of cutting head and boom and body were obtained by applying Matlab programs. The results show that natural frequency of system locates within 7 Hz,the natural frequency of the second order has greater effection on vibration of the system. The horizontal displacement responses of cutting head and boom are slightly less than the vertical, but the horizontal displacement responses of body are more than the vertical under random excitations. A multi-body dynamics model was simulated in ADAMS for the sake of identifying the conclusions. The theoretical value,the model simulation results and the experimental datas are relatively close,which imply validity of this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considered the coupling effects of classical interior ballistic equations and band's engraving process, the solution of interior ballistic equations was taken as the boundary condition of the simulation for engraving process, and the results of the simulation were taken as the initial conditions for the interior ballistic equations in the next step iteratively. A coupled constitutive model considered visco-plasticity and ductile damage and based on continuum damage mechanics was introduced to simulate the band's damage process. The Von Mises yield criterion, Johnson-Cook hardening model and Johnson-Cook fracture strain model were adopted, and the model considered large strain, high strain-rate, thermal softening and damage evolution. The model was implemented in the explicit finite element code by using VUMAT subroutine of Abaqus\Explicit module. The band's engraving processes of two different bore structures were simulated, and the influences of different engraving conditions on the stress state of the band were analyzed. The effects of band's stress state and bore structure on the interior ballistic performances were pointed out. It is very useful for the design of bore structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glycol ethers were synthesized via the reaction between ethanol and 1,2-epoxypropane using calcined Mg/Al layered double hydroxides (CLDH) as catalysts. The influence of pore structure and composition of CLDH on the catalytic activity and product distribution of glycol ethers is studied systematically. In addition, the catalytic activity of CLDH as a function of times of reuse is also investigated. The result showed that the catalytic activity increased with the increase in the basicity and specific surface area of CLDH. Furthermore, glycol ether oligomers distribution varied with the pore size distribution of CLDH catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soil static and dynamic universal triaxial and torsional shear apparatus is employed to perform drained cyclic torsional shear tests of saturated Fujian standard sand under initial conditions of isotropic consolidation or three-directional anisotropic consolidation. The effects of initial orientation of principal stress, relative density and shear strain amplitude on characteristics of volumetric strain induced under drained cyclic shear condition are examined on the basis of comparative tests. It is shown that the characteristics of volumetric change are noticeably affected by shear strain amplitude and relative density. The higher shear strain amplitude and the larger relative density, the heavier the dilatancy of sand subjected to drained cyclic shearing. It is indicated that the feature of volumetric change is closely dependent on the initial orientation of principal stress under initial three-directional anisotropic consolidation condition. The patterns of the stress-strain relation are associated with the initial orientation of principal stress and both variation mode of volumetric strain accumulation and dilatancy or/and contraction behaviour are related to the initial pre-shear stress imposed on the horizontal and vertical planes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cashmere scarf with its comfortability, soft slippery waxy, lasting and nature luster characteristics it is popular with vast consumers. Cashmere and its blended ihin scarves developing has become a main direction in the development of cashmere products. Using water soluble fiber and cashmere fiber blended to production thin scarf gets the attention in the industry. This article researches the water soluble fiber, Modal fiber and blended cashmere scarf from raw material selection, product design, and process technology of spinning, printing the main process. Combined with the actual production obtained appropriate production technology, it provides the effective way for the development of frivolous, unique style of cashmere blended printed scarf. The production technology in actual production has played a guiding role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]