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In order to strengthen the construction of mine fire intelligent monitoring and early warning system, the research idea of mine fire intelligent monitoring and early warning technology, and summarizes the research progress of mine fire intelligent monitoring and early warning technology is put forward. The research progress from three aspects of mine fire intelligent perception technology and equipment, prediction technology and modeling, and intelligent early warning system and platform is summarized. First, the internal and external cause fire information monitoring technology and equipment are summarized, the recognition process based on image-video recognition is summarized, and the content of multi-source information fusion and its application in the fire monitoring process are described. Secondly, the prediction techniques and models for mine fires are introduced, including machine learning algorithms such as support vector machine, artificial neural network, and random forest algorithms. Then, the mine fire early warning system and platform are elaborated. On the basis of summarizing the graded early warning technology for spontaneous coal combustion and exogenous fires in mines, the progress of the mine fire early warning system platform in terms of perception layer, network layer, service fusion layer and application layer is introduced. The connotation of each layer of the early warning system and the application framework are summarized, and the intelligent monitoring and early warning system for fires in mines is constructed. Finally, the future development trend of mine fire intelligent monitoring and early warning technology in China is outlooked including following aspects. In terms of intelligent perception technology of mine fire information, it is proposed to strengthen the research and development of sensing technology and equipment. In terms of intelligent prediction technology for mine fires, it is proposed to strengthen the research on the location exploration method of hidden fire sources and construct a transparent model of fire disasters. In terms of the construction of an intelligent early warning system for mine fires, it is proposed to integrate big data into intelligent judgment, identify the risk sources of mine fire and forecast the sources’ location of hidden fire, and realize the early warning of spontaneous coal combustion under special conditions. In terms of the linkage between the intelligent judgment and prevention and control technology for mine fires, it is proposed to utilize large-scale linguistic models to realize the self-adaptive prevention and control of mine fires on the basis of intelligent judgment.

There is a bidirectional interactive relationship between heavy metals and intestinal microorganisms. Single exposure to common heavy metals (Cd, Cr, As, Pb, etc.) may cause intestinal microecological damage and related diseases by losing the diversity and relative abundance of intestinal microorganisms. However, heavy metals in the environment are usually mixed exposure and an overall toxic effect is presented. Published studies have suggested a synergistic effect between most heavy metals, so the impact of mixed exposure on intestinal microorganisms is expected to be more significant than that of single exposure. Intestinal microorganisms are the first line of defense against heavy metals entering the body, and can reduce inflammation and oxidation caused by heavy metals via changing protein synthesis, intestinal PH, enzyme activity, etc. At the same time, the colonization of oral probiotics in the intestinal tract has a significant detoxification effect on heavy metals entering the body through synergy with intestinal microorganisms, which can promote the elimination of heavy metals, reduce the production of oxides and inflammatory mediators, reverse the changes in the relative abundance of intestinal microorganisms, and then reduce the damage of heavy metals to intestinal microecology. Therefore, probiotics may have better prospects than traditional heavy metal antidotes. In the future, more in-depth research on the mechanism of bidirectional interactive relationship between heavy metals and intestinal microorganisms is needed to provide new ideas for clinical heavy metal detoxification.

Large bending may occur to the offshore floating pipeline under the action of bending load, which further results in the pipeline failure, threatening the transportation safety of crude oil from the offshore oil field. As the failure mechanism of the cord layer and spiral steel wire of pipeline is not clarified, a three-dimensional finite element model of floating pipeline was established with consideration to the torsional behavior of spiral steel wire during pipeline bending, and the validity of the numerical model was verified by bending experiments of example pipelines. The process of bending failure of pipeline was simulated with the finite element model, and the influence of pipeline structure parameters on the minimum bending radius was analyzed. The bending failure of the pipeline is in the mode of spiral steel wire buckling, without strength failure of cord. In addition, the minimum bending radius of pipeline will increase with the increasing of the number of cord layers and the diameter of spiral steel wire or the decreasing of the winding angle of the cord fiber. In general, the results show that the finite element model can effectively simulate the bending behavior of the floating pipelines, which can provide theoretical reference for the structural design and safety application of offshore floating pipelines.

BackgroundIndoor air pollution is an important risk factor affecting health of the respiratory system. Studies on indoor air pollution in China are mostly limited to the central and eastern regions, and there are few studies in the rural areas of northwest China. ObjectiveTo explore the influencing factors of lung ventilation function and its relationship with indoor air pollution in rural areas of Gansu Province based on a cross-sectional investigation. MethodsA total of 399 subjects were selected from four villages in Baiyin and Yuzhong of Gansu Province. Questionnaires were used to collect demographic information, lifestyle, disease history, fuel use, and other information, and physical and functional tests were ordered such as height, weight, and lung function. The Indoor Air Pollution (IAP) exposure index was calculated based on smoking, fuel type, and weekly ventilation. IAP > 5 was defined as a high level of indoor air pollution. Lung function indexes included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, forced vital capacity as a percentage of predicted value (FVC%), and forced expiratory volume in the first second as a percentage of predicted value (FEV1%), which were used to determine pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between indoor air pollution and pulmonary ventilation function, and subgroup analysis was further conducted according to home address and BMI , in order to identify the high-risk population of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. ResultsThe mean age of the subjects was (56.75±7.31) years old; 155 subjects (38.85%) had normal pulmonary ventilation function, and the other 244 subjects (61.14%) had impaired pulmonary ventilation function; about 89.97% of the subjects were exposed to high level of indoor air pollution (IAP > 5). We found that IAP > 5 (OR=2.327, 95%CI: 1.089-4.974) and use of bituminous coal as the main heating fuel in winter (OR=3.467, 95%CI: 1.197-10.037) increased the risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction after adjusting for age, BMI, residence, gender, smoking, drinking, and cardiovascular disease. The subgroup analysis results showed that no ventilation in the living room/bedroom (OR=3.460, 95%CI: 1.116-10.268) increased the risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in Baiyin. Heating with coal stoves and Chinese Kang in the bedroom (OR=2.092, 95%CI: 1.030-4.247) and cooking in the bedroom in winter ( OR =2.954, 95% CI : 1.046-8.344) also increased the risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in the residents with BMI≤24 kg·m−2. IAP > 5 (OR=3.739, 95%CI: 1.147-12.182) was associated with a significantly increased risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in the BMI > 24 kg·m−2 subgroup. ConclusionThe pulmonary ventilation function of rural residents in Gansu is poor, which is negatively correlated with indoor air pollution. Coal use, overweight, cooking in bedroom, and use of coal stoves and Chinese Kang for heating may increase the risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction, while room ventilation is a beneficial factor.

Background and objective Pneumonectomy and sleeve resection are routine operations for the treatment of central non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but some patients suffered of central NSCLC, whose pulmonary function is too poor to tolerate pneumonectomy, or the tumor involves the bronchus and pulmonary artery extensively,it is hard to perform bronchovascular sleeve lobectomy. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of lung autotransplantation in the treatment of central NSCLC. Methods The clinical data of 3 cases with central NSCLC treated by lung autotransplantation was reviewed from December 2016 to December 2018. One patient underwent double sleeve resection of left upper lobe with end-to-end anastomosis of the bronchus. Because the resection of the pulmonary artery was too long to perfrom a tension-free anastomosis, the inferior pulmonary vein was cut off, then the left lower lobe was moved up for an anastomosis of the inferior pulmonary vein and the stump of the superior pulmonary vein. In the other 2 cases, left pneumonectomy was performed directly, and the upper left lobe was excised in vitro. The lower left lobe was reset to the chest after trimming and flushing and then the bronchus, pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein were anastomosed in turn. Results The average operation time was 333 min, the average time of vascular occlusion was 86 min, the average blood loss was 450 mL, and the average hospital stay was 18.7 d; Perioperative complications included a case of bronchial obstruction, which improved after sputum aspiration through bronchofibroscope. The average follow-up period was 20 mon; One case died of cancer, one case had recurrence of anastomotic stoma and brain metastasis, one case had 4R lymph node metastasis (stable condition after chemotherapy), and one case survived without recurrence. Conclusion For patients with central NSCLC with extensive tumor invasion, thus inability to tolerate sleeve resection or pneumonectomy, autologous lung transplantation can preserve lung function to the greatest extent with a complete tumor resection and improve postoperative quality of life.

Flexible pipes are usually clamped by tensioners and other installation tools during installation.Too small clamping force may lead to the peeling of the oversheath of the pipe, while too large clamping force will lead to radial compression damage of the pipe.The three-dimensional finite element model of the complete section of the flexible pipe was established to predict the radial compression resistance of the flexible pipe.Through the radial compression simulation on the carcass structure of the pipe that was subjected to external compression, it was found that the carcass structure gradually evolved into a movable mechanism with four plastic hinges during loading.The compression resistance of the structure dropped instantly when yielding occurred in the structural area perpendicular to the compression direction.Further analysis of the compressive capacity of different structural layers of flexible pipes shows that the contribution rate of the carcass subjected to is only 39.01% of the whole structure, indicating an excessively conservative analysis on the compression resistance if only carcass is considered in the installation process.The research results can provide reference for the prediction of the compression resistance capacity of flexible pipes.

Objective To investigate the possible pathogenesis and clinical feature of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidemia and stroke ⁃ like episodes (MELAS) on the molecular level by bioinformatics analysis of differential expression genes. Methods The microarray information ofthe wild ⁃ type cell lines and the mutant cell line with high expression of mtDNA A3243G locus was downloaded from the GEO database, and the differential expression genes were obtained by the R platform. Then Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed, and paired comparison of gene microarray analysis to screen out the same differently expressed genes, and the protein ⁃ protein interaction (PPI) network was used to find the relation of key genes between MELAS and clinical symptoms. Results A total of 563 differential expression genes were obtained, of which 250 genes were up ⁃ regulated and 313 genes were down ⁃ regulated. GO enrichment analysis showed that the differential expression genes were mainly involved in the extracellular matrix (ECM) binding biological process, and KEGG pathway involved in phosphatidylinositol 3 ⁃ kinase (PI3K) ⁃ serine/threonine kinase (AKT) signaling pathway, tranforming growth factor ⁃ β ( TGF ⁃ β ) sign a ling pathw ay, ECM receptor interaction pathway. Using the STRING platform, 9 hubs genes including GNG2 , SDC2 , ANXA1 , FN1, TNC, CYR61, IGFBP3, LTBP1 , SERPIND1 had been found. PAMR1 , GLRX5 , SNCA other common differential genes were obtained by paired comparison of 3 groups of gene microarrays. Conclusions According to the above results, the PI3K⁃AKT signaling pathway, TGF⁃β signaling pathway, ECM receptor interaction pathway and the biological processes of ECM binding were involved in the process of the mitochondrial energy metabolism, which might be related to the pathogenesis of MELAS. GNG2, TNC , LTBP1, PAMR1, GLRX5, SNCA and other hubs genes might be related to the clinical manifestations of MELAS. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.04.015

Carotid atherosclerosis is closely related with ischemic stroke occurrence, development and recurrence. This study aims to make an evaluation of the effects of rosuvastatin on inflammatory factors, serum lipid and carotid atherosclerotic plaque in patients with acute ischemic stroke. In this study, 98 patients with acute ischemic stroke and carotid atherosclerosis were given oral administration of rosuvastatin calcium (10 mg once every night), and the course of treatment was 6 months. After treatment, the changes of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and blood lipid were measured, as well as carotid atherosclerotic intima-media thickness (IMT) and the calculation of carotid atherosclerotic plaque score. According to the examination results, after 6 months'treatment with rosuvastatin, serum hs-CRP, TNF-α, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholestrol (LDL-C) decreased significantly (P < 0.01, for all), while high-density lipoprotein cholestrol (HDL-C) increased significantly (P < 0.01); the total number of plaque reduced, while the number of stable plaque increased (P < 0.05); carotid artery IMT and carotid artery plaque score decreased significantly (P < 0.05). There were significant differences between before and after treatment. The results of this study show that rosuvastatin plays a role in anti-inflammation and alleviates the degree of carotid atherosclerotic plaque.

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different levels of Clostridium butyricum supplementation on the gas production, fermentation parameters, and nutrient digestibility in TMR diet by in vitro gas production method, so as to determine the appropriate amount of Clostridium butyricum supplementation in beef cattle diet. Holstein steers with permanent fistula were selected as rumen fluid donors and TMR as culture substrate. The control group (CON group) only contained the culture substrate, while the Clostridium butyricum test group added Clostridium butyricum with the concentrations of 2x108 (CB1 group), 4x108 (CB2 group), 6x108 (CB3 group), 8x108 (CB4 group) and 10x108 CFU/kg (CB5 group) on the basis of the culture substrate, with six replicates at each level. The results showed that the in vitro gas production of CB1 group was significantly lower than that of other groups when the fermentation time was 2 h and 4 h (P<0.05). When the fermentation time was 12 h, the in vitro gas production of CB3 group, CB2 group, CB4 group, and CB5 group was significantly higher than that of CON group and CB1 group (P<0.05). The pH value in each experimental group were significantly lower than those in CON group (P<0.05), while the content of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was significantly higher than that in CON group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference among the experimental groups (P>0.05). The concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and total acid in CB3 group, CB4 group and CB5 group were significantly higher than those in CON group (P<0.05). Isobutyric acid content in CB1 group, CB2 group and CB3 group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P<0.05). Dry matter digestibility (DMD) and neutral detergent fiber degradation (NDFD) of each experimental group were significantly higher than those of CON group (P<0.05). The degradation rate of acid detergent fiber (ADFD) in CB2 group was significantly higher than that in CON group (P<0.05). The study indicates that the addition of Clostridium butyricum can increase gas production, NH3-N, acetic acid, propionic acid, total volatile acid content and DMD. The suitable addition of Clostridium butyricum is 6x108 CFU/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To guide significance for water management of winter rape in Hebei Province, effect of pre-winter irrigation on yield formation of winter rapeseed was studied. Materials included 12 winter Brassica rapa and 9 B. napus varieties (lines), they were irrigated before winter. The traits were investigated including overwintering rate, contents of N, P and K in leaves and siliques, and yield composition. Results showed that winter irrigation effectively prevented freezing injury of rapeseed, increased the overwintering rate, and then improved later growth, agronomic characteristics and yield formation. The overwintering rate reached more than 90%, significantly higher than non-winter irrigation control. Although winter irrigation treatment had no significant effect on growth duration, it significantly improved agronomic traits of branch length, plant height and plot yield by 33%, 90.3% and 16.9% respectively. The contents of N and P in leaves, and K in silique shell of 6 tested winter rapeseed were higher than the other organs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adding immune enhancers to feed can maintain fish health and enhance disease resistance. Some insects contain rich bioactive substances, which can improve the health of fish, among which the Black soldier fly is more studied and applied. Black soldier fly is rich in nutrition, short growth and reproduction cycle, high feed utilization rate, low feeding pollution, and rich in antimicrobial peptides, chitin and lauric acid, which has broad application prospects as an immune booster and health promotion agent in fish culture. In the paper, the biological characteristics and principle of Black soldier fly as immune enhancer are summarized, the application of Black soldier fly in various fish immune enhancer in recent years is summarized, and the appropriate proportion and form of replacing fish meal and other feed ingredients are discussed, to provide reference for the efficient application of Black soldier fly in fish culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the acceleration of urbanization, urban rail transit systems have become one of the most important modes of transportation in modern cities. Urban rail transit systems operate in enclosed or semi-enclosed environments, characterized by poor air circulation and high passenger flow. During the period of high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases in autumn and winter, air quality and pathogenic microorganism monitoring in public places have attracted much attention. This article provided a detailed introduction to air pollutants and their sources related to urban rail transit, including chemical pollutants, such as particulate matter and gaseous pollutants, and microbial aerosols. Based on identified air pollutants related to urban rail transit, this paper reviewed the research progress on air quality monitoring technologies for chemical pollution factors and microbial aerosols. Finally, a summary of the health effects of chemical pollutants and microbial aerosols was provided, along with suggestions for monitoring and improving air quality tailored to the characteristics of urban rail transit systems. Through a review of previous studies, carrying out research on air quality monitoring technologies and associated health effects related to urban rail transit is of great significance and values for air quality management, urban development, and public health.

Background The benchmark dose (BMD) method calculates the dose associated with a specific change in response based on a specific dose-response relationship. Compared with the traditional no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) method, the BMD method has many advantages, and the 95% lower confidence limit of benchmark dose lower limit (BMDL) is recommended to replace NOAEL in deriving biological exposure limits. No authority has yet published any health-based guideline for rare earth elements. Objective To evaluate genotoxicity threshold induced by acute exposure to neodymium nitrate in mice using BMD modeling through micronucleus test and comet assay. Methods SPF grade mice (n=90) were randomly divided into nine groups, including seven neodymium nitrate exposure groups, one control group (distilled water), and one positive control group (200 mg·kg−1 ethyl methanesulfonate), 10 mice in each group, half male and half female. The seven dose groups were fed by gavage with different concentrations of neodymium nitrate solution (male: 14, 27, 39, 55, 77, 109, and 219 mg·kg−1; female: 24, 49, 69, 97, 138, 195, and 389 mg·kg−1) twice at an interval of 21 h. Three hours after the last exposure, the animals were neutralized by cervical dislocation. The bone marrow of mice femur was taken to calculate the micronucleus rate of bone marrow cells, and the liver and stomach were taken for comet test. Results The best fitting models for the increase of polychromatophil micronucleus rate in bone marrow of female and male mice induced by neodymium nitrate were the exponential 4 model and the hill model, respectively. The BMD and the BMDL of female mice were calculated to be 31.37 mg·kg−1 and 21.90 mg·kg−1, and those of male mice were calculated to be 58.62 mg·kg−1 and 54.31 mg·kg−1, respectively. The best fitting models for DNA damage induced by neodymium nitrate in female and male mouse hepatocytes were the exponential 5 model and the exponential 4 model, respectively, and the calculated BMD and BMDL were 27.15 mg·kg−1 and 11.99 mg·kg−1 for female mice, and 16.28 mg·kg−1 and 10.47 mg·kg−1 for male mice, respectively. The hill model was the best fitting model for DNA damage of gastric adenocytes in both female and male mice, and the calculated BMD and BMDL were 36.73 mg·kg−1 and 19.92 mg·kg−1 for female mice, and 24.74 mg·kg−1 and 14.08 mg·kg−1 for male mice, respectively. Conclusion Taken the micronucleus rate of bone marrow cells, DNA damage of liver cells and gastric gland cells as the end points of genotoxicity, the BMDL of neodymium nitrate is 10.47 mg·kg−1, which can be used as the threshold of genotoxic effects induced by acute exposure to neodymium nitrate in mice.

Objective When medium-speed maglev trains operate on elevated tracks, the carbody is susceptible to lightning strikes. If composite materials are adopted for medium-speed maglev train carbody, damage or even penetration can happen during a lightning strike, further posing lightning-related harm to passengers. For this situation, it is necessary to incorporate lightning protection design into the design of composite material train carbody, with the key focus on the attachment points of lightning on the train. Method A precise scaled model of a single compartment for the medium-speed maglev train is created, and the test basis, test specimens, test methods, and test results of the lightning attachment point test on maglev train are elaborated. Using COMSOL Multiphysics finite element numerical simulation software, the region of lightning attachment points on the medium-speed maglev train is divided into six parts: front windshield, carbody top, side edge, tip of side edge, equipment installation area, and ground. Lightning simulation calculations are carried out on the entire train. Result & Conclusion Detailed information on the distribution of single compartment lightning attachment points is obtained through lightning tests on the scaled train model. The electric field distribution on train surface is obtained through lightning simulation, and the simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. Combining the test and simulation results, a lightning protection design scheme for medium-speed maglev trains is proposed.

Objectives In order to identify the change in structural strength after an interaction between hull girders and ice, this paper puts forward an analytical technique which can determine the structural strength of hull girders after an ice riding accident and disclose the related structural strength features. MethodsFirst, the hull girder structural strength analysis model and associated load analysis model are constructed in accor-dance with the characteristics of each section. To account for the buoyancy variations brought on by ice riding, the buoyancy distribution of the ice riding conditions is retrieved from the load analysis model and inserted into the structural strength analysis model. Gravity and the reaction force of the ice are then used to determine the structural strength. Finally, an analysis is carried out on the impact of lifting position and height on the buoyancy, shear force, bending moment and local stress distribution of the hull girders. ResultsThe re-sults show that the sites of buoyancy and shear force of the hull girders are situated in the stern part and middle part, and unaffected by changes in the bow lifting height. The shell is closer to the vertical when the lifting position is at the bow of the bulbous bow, making it harder to resist the ice lever support reaction and resulting in the high stress areas becoming comparably larger and more dangerous. ConclusionsThe proposed technique has high computation efficiency and can be used to estimate how hull girders will respond to a signi-ficant bow lift and make preliminary judgments on hull girder construction strength under risky ice riding conditions.

ObjectiveIn view of the failure of type-I steel sandwich plate interfaces, this paper analyzes their interface fatigue debonding characteristics. MethodsBased on the cohesive force model and considering the time history, damage evolution equations and convergence criteria of 3D structural nodes with multiple degrees of freedom, an interface fatigue debonding simulation program suitable for 3D complex structures is developed. The accuracy of the developed program is verified through a comparison with the experimental results of welding joint debonding, and the interface fatigue debonding behavior of type-I steel sandwich plates is simulated numerically. ResultsThe results show that the maximum simulation error between the 3D interface fatigue debonding test and debonding experimentis only 14.05%. When an type-I sandwich plate is subjected to out-of-plane load, the debonding failure at the interface mainly manifests as surface crack propagation in the direction of the extended weld. When the crack propagation reaches about 70% of the length of the plate, the crack begins to penetrate through the web to form a penetrating crack.ConclusionThe interface fatigue debonding program developed herein can effectively evaluate the interface fatigue debonding life of type-I steel sandwich plates, giving it certain guiding significance for practical engineering applications.

[Objective] In the actual operation process, the noise generated by medium-low speed maglev trains is a key factor affecting the quality of train service. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the noise in medium-low speed maglev trains. [Method] The testing scheme for noise in medium-low speed maglev trains is introduced. Taking a certain medium-low speed maglev vehicle as example, the train maglev noise, suspension frame vibration, and linear motor current under train typical operating conditions are analyzed, and corresponding noise reduction measures are proposed. [Result & Conclusion] The noise frequency at 9# motor measuring point is mainly concentrated in the low-frequency band below 50 Hz, with significant noise at 1000 Hz and its multiplications. The vertical vibration acceleration of the suspension frame is mainly concentrated between 0 to 1.5 g (g as gravitational acceleration), and the vertical acceleration during braking is significantly higher than that during acceleration. The high-frequency vibration component of the suspension frame vertical acceleration is mainly concentrated at 1 000 Hz and its multiplications. The harmonic electromagnetic excitation force caused by the 1 000 Hz harmonic current leads to electromagnetic excitation of vehicle bottom mechanical structure, resulting in high-frequency noise from the maglev train bottom. Noise reduction measures such as adjusting switching frequencies and installing filters can effectively reduce the operating noise of medium-low speed maglev trains.

BackgroundAt present, China's Public places health management regulations list 7 categories and 28 sub-categories of public places, but infant and young child swimming places are not in the list yet. ObjectiveTo understand the microbial pollution status in commercial infant and young child swimming places in Shijiazhuang City, compare with the microbial pollution in other five types of public places, and find the potential safety hazards in infant and young child swimming places. MethodsA total of 3438 microbial samples were collected from the environment of infant and young child swimming places and 5 types of public places (hotels, barber stores, waiting rooms, shopping malls and supermarkets, and conventional swimming places) in Shijiazhuang City from 2021 to 2022. Sampling and monitoring were carried out according to the requirements of Examination methods for public places—Part 6: Technical specifications of health monitoring (GB/T 18204.6-2013). Chi-square test was used to compare hygiene qualification by microbial indicators, and Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare overall distributions of total bacterial counts on the surface of public articles. ResultsFrom 2021 to 2022, the highest qualified rate of microbial indicators on the surface of public articles was Staphylococcus aureus (100%) for all tested public places in Shijiazhuang City, followed by coliforms (99.44%), and that of total bacterial count was relative low (92.83%). The qualified rate of total bacterial count on the surface of public articles in the swimming places for infants and young children was 87.76%, and the qualified rates in hotels, barber stores, waiting rooms, shopping malls and supermarkets were all above 92%, and the difference among the 5 types of places was statistically significant (P0.05). The qualified rates of total bacteria count and coliforms in pool water of infant and young child swimming places were 45.99% and 74.69% respectively, and the two indicators in pool water of conventional swimming places were 94.57% and 98.91% respectively; both showed significant differences between the two types of public places (χ2=162.532, χ2=71.910, both Ps

BackgroundSubways are typical congregate settings and may facilitate aerosol transmission of viruses. However, quantified transmission probability estimates are lacking. PurposeTo model spread and diffusion of respiratory aerosols in subways by simulation and calculation of infection probabilities. MethodsThe internal environment of carriages of Shanghai Metro Line 10 was used to establish a study scene. The movement of tiny particles was simulated using the turbulent model. Trend analysis of infection probabilities and viral quantum doses was conducted in a closed subway carriage scene by a quantum emission-infection probability model. ResultsUnder a typical twelve-vent air conditioning configuration, respiratory droplet aerosols within a subway carriage dispersed rapidly throughout various regions due to airflow, with limited short-term diffusion to other carriages. Concurrently, owing to the uncertainty of airflow patterns, the airflow might circulate and converge within carriages, causing delayed outward dispersion or hindered dispersion of droplet aerosols upon entry into these zones. Passengers boarding the carriage could exacerbate the formation of these zones. When the air conditioning system functioned adequately (air exchange rate=23.21 h−1), the probability of a virus carrier transmitting the virus to other passengers within the same carriage via aerosol transmission was approximately 3.8%. However, in the event of air conditioning system failure (air exchange rate=0.5 h−1), this probability escalated dramatically to 30%. Furthermore, a super-spreader (with virus spreading exceeding 90% of the average) elevated the infection probability to 14.9%. Additionally, due to the complexity of turbulence within the carriage, if local diffusion occurred in 1/2 zones of a carriage, the anticipated infection probability would increase to 8.9%, or during the morning or evening rush hours leading to elevated aerosol concentrations, the infection probability would rise to 4.7%. The subway transmission probability for common coronaviruses diminished to as low as 0.9%. ConclusionCombined computational fluid dynamics and infection probability analysis reveals that in the prevalent twelve-vent air conditioning configurations, despite being a major transportation hub with substantial spatial-temporal overlap, the internal space of subway carriages exhibits a certain level of resistance to virus aerosol transmission owing to built-in ventilation capabilities. However, turbulence and passenger positioning may lead to localized hovering of droplet aerosols, thereby increase the risk of virus transmission. Furthermore, super-spreaders, poor operational status of built-in air conditioning system, and high passenger volume at morning or evening peak hours exert profound effects on virus transmission and infection probability.

Objective To explore the clinical values of serum levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), cystatin C (CysC) and N-terminal B-type natriuretic propeptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with type IV cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) and examine their correlations with cardiac function. Methods From April 2020 to April 2022, thr relevant clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 92 hospitalized patients of type IV CRS due to chronic renal insufficiency (CKD). Another 88 patients were selected as CKD group. The levels of cardiac troponin-I (cTnI), N-terminal B-type natriuretic propeptide (NT-proBNP), cystatin C (CysC) and echocardiographic results were collected and compared between two groups and those with different concentric functions. Results In CRS group, the levels of cTnI [0.026(0.013, 0.062)μg/L vs 0.010(0.005, 0.021)μg/L], NT-proBNP [15 292.0(2971.0, 35 000.0)μg/L vs 498.7(335.4, 1318.8)μg/L] and CysC [(4.48±1.73)mg/L vs (3.33±1.58)mg/L], left ventricular end diastolic dimension [(48.26±9.42)mm vs (45.65±5.28)mm], interventricular septal thickness at end-diastole [(11.52±1.76)mm vs (10.38±1.37)mm], left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole [(11.27±1.61)mm vs (10.21±1.29)mm] were significantly higher than those in nephrotic group. Meanwhile left ventricular ejection fraction in CRS group were lower than those in nephrotic group [(45.56±9.33)% vs (55.46±5.93%), P

To investigate the effects of dietary lipid level on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and lipid metabolism of gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio, 5 diets were formulated with lipids level of 4% (L4), 8% (L8), 12% (L12), 16% (L16) and 20% (L20), respectively, for a 340-day trial. The initial weight of fish was (11.33±0.03) g, and fish were sampled five times at day 63 (D63, the juveniles stage), day 110 (D110, the prophase of cultivation), day 223 (D223, overwintering stage), day 275 (D275, after overwintering stage) and day 340 (D340, the middle and late cultivation period), respectively. The results showed that the appropriate dietary lipid level of gibel carp at the juvenile stage was 8%, and the optimal dietary lipid level of gibel carp at the prophase of cultivation was 12%, while there was no significant difference in the dietary lipid demand at other growth stages. Dietary lipid levels significantly affected the intestinal digestive enzymes activity at the juvenile stage of gibel carp. The activity of lipase first decreased with the increase of dietary lipid level and then increased. The activity of intestinal trypsin and amylase in gibel carp at the juvenile stage (D63) was higher than those in the overwintering stage and the middle and later cultivation period, indicating that the lipid demand of gibel carp at the juvenile stage was lower than other stages. The gene expression levels of pparγ and fas in gibel carp at the juvenile stage (D63) showed a tendency to increase first and then decrease with the increase of dietary lipid, and the highest gene expression level was in the L8 group. The transcription level of lpl and cpt1a in the L4 group was significantly lower than those in other groups. After overwintering stage (D275), the gene expression level of fas in the L4 group was significantly higher than that of the other group, indicating that fish at different growth stages have different response strategies to lipid intake, and both high lipid or low lipid intake had a negative impact on lipid metabolism of gibel carp. The results suggested that appropriate dietary lipid level (8%--12%) can promote the growth of gibel carp during the juvenile stage and the prophase of cultivation and improve the ability of lipid metabolism, while larger size gibel carp were not sensitive to the change of dietary lipid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of network, a single controller cannot meet the control needs of a large number of switches, which needs to be handed by multiple controllers. This paper uses the improved k-means++ algorithm to divide the topological graph into an undirected graph and the shortest path problem of the undirected graph. The graph is divided by the weight of the edge, and the weight is weighted by link bandwidth and transmission delay. The load balance and cost of the two methods are compared to obtain the mutt-controller deployment strategy. Subsequently, by adopting a traffic balance in strategy for multiple paths in the network, the data is reasonably distributed on different paths, so that the network traffic is distributed more evenly and the network performance is higher. Experimental verification shows that when multiple paths are available for data packets, the transmission path can be selected reasonably to balance the load of each path in the network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective·To extract and identify the exosomes in peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE), compare the different expression levels of PDE exosomal miR-200a in patients with different peritoneal transport characteristics, predict the potential target genes of miR-200a and analyze the related biological processes. Methods·Twenty stable peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients were divided into two groups, i. e., H group (high/high average) and L group (low/low average) according to the values of peritoneal equilibration test (PET). Overnight PDE 500 mL from each patient was collected, concentrated, and ultracentrifuged to obtain exosomes. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and Western blotting were used to identify and characterize the exosomes. Exosomal miRNAs were extracted and the expression levels of PDE exosomal miR-200a in the two groups were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. The relations between exosomal miR-200a levels and PET values or ultrafiltration volume (UF) were analyzed. The target genes of miR-200a were predicted by Targetscan, miRmap and miRWalk, and DAVID was used to perform gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Results·The exosomes extracted from concentrated PDE by ultracentrifugation exhibited a round and bilayer membraneenveloped vesicle structure under TEM with the diameters ranging from 50-150 nm. The exosomes also expressed the particular molecular marker CD9 and CD63. The relative expression level of PDE exosomal miR-200a in L group was higher than that of H group. The expression levels were negatively correlated with PET values (r=-0.871, P=0.000) and positively correlated with 4 h UF (r=0.448, P=0.048). But there was no relationship between miR- 200a and 24 h UF (r=0.355, P=0.125). Bioinformatic results showed that there were 679 target genes of miR-200a that could be predicted by all the three databases. GO analysis suggested that these genes not only participated in positive regulation of mesenchymal cells proliferation, but also focused on ion binding, especially metal cation binding. Conclusion·Exosomes indeed exist in PDE. The relative expression level of exosomal miR-200a is higher in the PDE from the patients with low peritoneal dialysis transport characteristics. The relative quantity of miR-200a is negatively correlated with the values of PET and positively correlated with 4 h UF. There are abundant potential target genes of miR-200a, indicating that it may affect the peritoneal transport characteristics by different biological processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectivesThis paper aims to explore new methods for enhancing the abnormal data processing of real ships in inland rivers, improving data comprehension and assisting in ship behavior recognition research.MethodsBy constructing a navigation logic level, the time series data is divided to obtain the semantic label of the ship behavior. A navigation logic visualization analysis system is designed on the basis of semantic labels, and the navigation status of the ship is combined with data visualization to assist in analyzing data problems and studying ship characteristics. Relying on a digital waterway, the data of working ships with complex behavior in an inland waterway is selected for example-based testing, and the system is used to analyze abnormal data and conduct research on ship behavior.ResultsThrough the interactive visualization of navigation logic, the causes and characteristics of abnormal data with position jumping can be effectively determined, thereby enhancing abnormal data processing. In addition, the qualitative analysis of features and quantitative analysis of thresholds effectively divides the berthing and direct sailing status data, further enriching the semantic labels of ship behavior. Conclusions The visual analysis system designed with semantic labels of ship behavior proposed herein improves data comprehensibility through free human-computer interaction. It can enhance abnormal data analysis and processing, assist in ship behavior recognition research and provide new research tools for data analysts.

The Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation (T3x) is the most important terrigenous stratum in the Western Sichuan Depression; however, it is still insufficient for the understanding of molecular compositional characteristics of its source rocks. Based on the analysis of both saturated and aromatic fractions of extracts of source rocks from different members of the Xujiahe Formation, the indication is then discussed for sedimentary environment and thermal evolution of source rocks. The distribution of tricyclic terpanes (TTs) and dibenzothiophene/phenanthrene (DBT/P) ratio of the argillaceous source rocks in 2nd to 4th members of the Xujiahe Formation mainly display the signatures of typical lacustrine source rocks, and the relatively high gammacerane/C30 hopane (0.16-0.23), as well as 9-/1-methylphenanthrene (1.16-1.41) ratios suggest relatively high salinity of water body. The parameters such as methylphenanthrene index (MPI1), methylphenanthrene distribution fraction (F1), and methyldibenzothiophene distribution index (MDBI) are effective for the evaluation of thermal maturity, and they show positively and negatively linear correlation with maturity degree before and after Ro=1.35%. The distribution pattern of C27-C29 regular steranes, relative composition of three fluorine series, and methyldibenzothiophene/methyldibenzofuran ratios for high to over-maturity T3x source rocks are distorted due to the effect of thermal maturation.

Background HIV/AIDS is an issue that seriously endangers public health. With the implementation of social support policies for people living with HIV/AIDS, although the mortality of them has decreased significantly, their survival is still a big concern. Objective To understand the quality of life and influencing factors in people living with HIV/AIDS in Henan rural areas. Methods By use of cluster sampling, we selected the persons living with HIV/AIDS treated by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) who were managed by the local center for disease control and prevention in a rural area of Henan from June 3 to June 12, 2020. We collected their general data and laboratory test findings, and assessed their quality of life using the Chinese version of the WHOQOL-HIV BREF. We used multiple linear regression to identify the associated factors of quality of life. Results A total of 415 cases attended the questionnaire survey, and 400 of them (96.39%) who effectively completed the questionnaire were finally included for analysis. All the respondents were Han people, most of them were diagnosed over eight years, males, and aged over 50 years, and had a spouse, no stable income, low education level and CD4+ T lymphocytes greater than 500/μl with transmission mainly through blood, and over eight years of continuous HAART. The total score of quality of life of the respondents differed by sex, age, education level, marital status, income status, route of getting HIV infection, time of HIV diagnosis, and continuous treatment duration of HAART (P

As a new ecological marine fishery production method, marine ranching is also an important source to obtain high-quality protein. It has been developed rapidly in recent years and has now formed a multiplication, conservation, and recreational marine ranching construction model. With the accelerated implementation of the maritime power strategy, marine ranching has gradually advanced into the "deep blue". At the same time as its rapid development, there are also problems such as single construction mode, prominent homogeneity, and limited ecological carrying capacity, which has limited the innovative development of marine ranching to a certain extent. As a part of the marine ecosystem, the whale fall ecosystem will play a significant role in promoting the development of marine ranching. Based on systematically combing the development history of marine ranching and the principles of whale fall ecosystems, this paper combined the two organically, fully applied the ecological principles of whale fall formation to the construction of marine ranching, and built an artificial whale fall marine ranching technology system and the construction model, through artificial means to give full play to the large-scale input effects of exogenous nutrients from large animals such as whale falls, and enhance the regional productivity of marine ranching, thereby improving resource conservation and output capacity, in order to provide new ideas and direction reference for the construction and development of marine ranching in China.

To better understand the cold - resistance of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), DNA methylation were investigated using MSAP (methylation sensitive amplified polymorphism) technology on 13 materials with different cold resistance under low temperature (4°C) stress. MSAP results showed that, after 4°C treatment, the weak cold -resistance lines (14 Meiqieshi 7, 14 Meiqieshi 16, 14 Meiqieshi 20, 14 Meiqieshi 3 and Meiqieshi 38 had increased DNA methylation level and had higher methylation degree. The strong cold - resistant lines (15TS306, 14NS52 - 3, 15TS309, 14NS54 - 7 and 15TS312) had higher degree of demethylation. Sequence a-nalysis of the differentially methylated fragments showed that 16 of 22 fragments were similar to the known and putative functional enzymes. Among them, At4g02000 - like protein had the greatest variation. Cloning and bioinforma-tics results showed that its isoelectric point was 9. 20 and the relative molecular weight was 39. 89kD. In summary, after low temperature stress, the strong cold - resistant lines had decreased DNA methylation level with dominant demethylation, while the weak cold - resistance lines had increased DNA methylation level with dominant methylation. In these winter rapeseeds, cold adaptability showed close correlation between differentially methylation patterns of some specific genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we used the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) technology combined with the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology to filtrate the differential protein small subunit of RuBisCo which was related to photosynthesis in winter rapeseed (Brassica rapa) under drought stress. According to the published Brassica rapa RuBisCo subunit conserved sequences of rbcL and rbcS, we designed the primers and used the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technology to amplify the cDNA sequence in Longyou 7. We obtained the open reading frame (ORF) of the RuBisCo subunit rbcL and rbcS, which had the length 1095 bp and 549 bp, and encoded the proteins contains 364 and 181 amino acids, respectively. The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that compare with Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis and Brassica rapa, the protein homology of rbcL and in Longyou 7 was above 99%, with the conserved domain sequence belonging to RuBisCo large superfamily. The theoretical relative molecular mass and isoelectric point of rbcL were 40.29 kDa and 6.70, respectively. And the instability index was -41.67 (II> 40 was considered as unstable protein), showing that it was an unstable protein. The aliphatic index was 83.63 and the grand average of hydropathicity was 0.232, which indicated that it was a hydrophilic protein. The secondary structure included 38.74% alpha helix, 10.99% extended strand and 50.27% random coil. And the tertiary structure contained five differential activity pockets. The protein homology of rbcS and Brassica oleracea in Longyou 7 was 99%, that conserved domain sequence was contained the rbcS superfamily and the RuBisCo Small like superfamily, which theoretical relative molecular mass and isoelectric point were 20.32 kDa and 8.23, respectively. The instability index was 33.66, showing that was a stable protein, and the aliphatic index was 74.86, the grand average of hydropathicity was -0.142, showing a hydrophilic protein. The secondary structure included 16.02% alpha helix, 28.37% extended strand and 55.25% random coil. And the tertiary structure contained four differential activity pockets. Real-time quantitative and semi-quantitative results showed that, the expression of rbcL and rbcS in winter rapeseed leaves under drought stress was down-regulated, which was the reason of decreasing photosynthesis. In addition, the decreased net photosynthesis rate (Pn) in winter rapeseed leaves was related to the inhibited RuBPCase expression and decreased RuBPCase activity, and the non-stomatal limitation was the main factor of declined Pn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, with the significant development trend of industrial integration, the primary and secondary industries began to transform to the tertiary industry, and the marine ranching fishery and tourism gradually integrated and developed, forming recreational fishery and other forms of fishery tourism. Many regions had formed different recreational fishery development models according to local conditions, and the diversified development trend of recreational fishery tourism was gradually forming. This paper expounded the concept of recreational fishery, introduced the emergence and development of recreational fishery, summarized the tourism mode of recreational fishery in China, put forward the problems existing in the development of recreational fishery, including development concept lag, lack of long-term planning; marine recreational fishery industry structure was single; lack of highly-qualified employees; insufficient investment in technology and capital. The future development trend of recreational fishery under the background of marine ranching was summarized. Suggestions were put forward on the concept of promoting the development direction, planning the value of tourism resources was put forward, to build diversified tourism products and increase the industrial chain structure, and Innovate immersive and experiential pasture tourism, cultivating highly qualified employees and improving investment in science and technology.

A series of Jurassic-type folds have continuously developed in the Mesozoic from the Sangzhi-Shimen area in northern Hunan. The analysis of the fold superimposition characteristics is of great significance to explore the deformation period and deformation mechanism of the Sangzhi-Shimen complex oblique folds, and also for the theoretical study of fold deformation controlled by faults. Based on the measurement of geological structure section and analysis of fold superimposition characteristics in Sangzhi-Shimen area, two fold structures in Indosinian and early Yanshanian were identified. The low-angle unconformity contact between the Jurassic and the Middle Triassic in the study area, and the high-angle unconformity contact between the Cretaceous and the Pre-Cretaceous reflect two deformation events of Indosinian and Early Yanshanian movement. It can be further inferred that the folds in the Sangzhi-Shimen area can be divided into two phases: the Indosinian movement and the early Yanshanian movement.The Indosinian fold axial trace mainly showed NEE to near EW; the early Yanshanian fold axial trace can be divided into two groups, one is NEE-near EW, the other is NNE. Two groups of early Yanshanian folds and pre Indosinian folds are superimposed to form two types of superposed folds, the enhanced type and the oblique limited type. The former is controlled by the inherited activities of the Indosinian NEE-near EW reverse fault; the latter is controlled by NNE trending reverse fault, which formed by NWW trending regional compressive stress in early Yanshanian, and it is limited by the pre NEE-near EW trending structure.This deformation mechanism well explains that the fold axis and thrust fault in the study area have no east or Southeast inclined polarity.

Objective To detect microbial contamination status of edible raw meat products in catering enterprises of Shanghai and to provide reference for food safety and supervision. Methods According to the national standards a total of 198 batches of edible raw meat products and related products from catering enterprises in Shanghai in 2019 were tested for hygienic indicator organisms and common foodborne pathogenic bacteria. SPSS 16.0 software was used to analyze the test result. Results Judging from the hygienic indicator organisms, 2.06% (2/97) of edible raw meat products, raw and supplementary materials had aerobic plate count ≥ 100 000 CFU/g, 5.15% (5/97) of them had coliforms more than 100 CFU/g, and the detection rate of Escherichia coli was 2.06% (2/97), among which the detection rate of raw beef samples was 11.11% (2/18) and the quantitative value was all 10 CFU/g. In terms of the contact surface samples of ready-to-eat foods, the detection rate of coliform was 12.87% (13/101), among which the positive rate of processing tools and utensils was 20.83% (10/48), higher than the tableware samples 5.66% (3/53) (χ2=12.678, P

To better understand the relationship between cold resistance and ABA content in winter rapeseed (Brassica rapa L.), the changes of ABA was measured using 2 ultrastrong cold-resistant cultivars (Longyou 6 and Longyou 7) and 2 weak-resistant cultivars (Tianyou 2 and Tianyou 4). Results showed that except Tianyou 4, ABA content increased gradually with the temperature before winter. Ultrastrong cold-resistant cultivars (Longyou 6 and Longyou 7) increased earlier than weak-resistant cultivars Tianyou 2. Correlation analysis indicated that wintering rate had greater correlation with ABA content of root than that of leaf. The ABA content of elongation part of leaf was higher than other parts in the mean time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to accurately estimate the road adhesion coefficient under different road conditions and improve the safety and stability of vehicles, a method was proposed to estimate the road adhesion coefficient based on the front and rear wheels speed and braking torque under braking conditions. First, considering the transfer of front and rear axle load, the modelling was completed in Matlab/Simulink software to create a dynamic model of the two-wheel vehicle braking.Secondly, the control target was determined as the ideal and actual slip ratio of the front and rear wheels of the vehicle, and the ideal braking torque sliding mode controller was established. The chattering phenomenon of the sliding mode controller was properly dealt with through the integral switching surface. Finally, the front and rear wheel speed and braking torque were used as input to design the extended state observer, which is used to observe the correlation value of the road adhesion coefficient. The results show that the road adhesion coefficient in all kinds of road conditions can be accurately estimated by the above method, and the extended state observer can resist the external interference and has strong robustness. The successful application of the extended state observer provides the reference for the design of vehicle stability control system.

Objective To develop an analytical method for determination of seven trace neonicotinoid pesticides in milk by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Methods The samples were extracted, enriched and cleaned up using acetonitrile-water based on cold-induced liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) method. The chromatographic separation of analytes was conducted on an HSS T3 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm) using acetonitrile-water system as the mobile phase with gradient elution. The analytes were detected by high resolution mass spectrometry using target single ion monitoring mode and the internal standard method was used as the quantitative analysis. Results Seven neonicotinoid pesticides showed a good linearity in a certain concentration range with relative coefficient of R2>0.999. Limits of detection (LODs) were in the range of 3-7 ng/L, and limits of quantitation (LOQs) were between 8 and 20 ng/L. At the spiked levels of 20, 100, 1 000 ng/L, the average recoveries of analytes in milk were between 89.4%-105.7%, with the intra-day precision (RSDr) of 0.8%-6.4% and the inter-day precision (RSDR) less than 11.0%. Conclusion Cold-induced LLE and DSPE method allows one-step sample preparation. This method demonstrates a rapid, simple and low-cost pretreatment with high sensitivity and good reproducibility, which is suitable for trace analysis of neonicotinoid pesticides in milk.

To evaluate germplasm for winter turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) breeding on cold resistance in north China, genetic diversity of 19 turnip rape varieties (which were significantly different in temperature sensitivity, cold hardiness and oil quality) were analyzed using 9 SSR and 36 InDel markers selected from 252 markers. Results showed that 95 allelic variations were detected by 45 SSRs and InDels, with an average of 2.15 alleles each marker. Effective alleles varied from 1.05 to 3.27, with an average of 1.70 each. Shannon index ranged from 0.1217 to 1.2695, with an average of 0.5803. Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.0499 to 0.0499, with an average of 0.3081. By NTSYS calculation and unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA), genetic similarity (GS) of 19 materials varied between 0.52 to 0.86. They were divided into 2 major groups (I-1 and I-2) with multiple ventricular at GS 0.605. Group I-1 was divided into 2 semi-groups (II-1 and II-2) according to their winterness at GS level of 0.655. Among them, winter-type rapes were divided into 4 small groups at GS 0.71. The cluster results showed abundant genetic diversity with large distance between varieties from different geographic origins and cold hardiness in north China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant height is an important factor affecting the yield of oilseed rape. In order to find the markers linked with plant height and to increase the efficiency of plant height improvement by molecular marker - assisted selection, identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) with single environment and multi - environment detection methods for plant height was conducted in a recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population derived from a cross between 888 - 5 (a dwarf line) and M083 (a tall line) by employing the newly developed Brassica napus 60K SNP array. The results indicated that a total of 27 putative QTLs for plant height in the 4 environments were detected on the chromosomes A2, A4, A5, A6, A9, A10, C3 and C7, each accounting for 0.70% - 26.10% of the phenotypic variation. Among them, 6 QTLs showed interaction with the environment, and their effect values in the 4 environments were different, but their directions were consistent. QTL qPHE2 - 4 which had the largest effect in the 27 QTLs was detected in 2 environments, explaining 17.96% - 26. 10% of the phenotypic variation, and 2 linkage SNP markers in this QTL region had less than 0.2 cM distance from the peak of the QTL. These QTLs proviied useful information for improving the plant height in oilseed rape breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To understand the evolution of vacuole iron transporter (V/T) genes in Brassica, 9, 13, 12 and 14 V/T candidate genes were identified in Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica rapa, B. oleracea and B. napus respectively, based on genome - wide sequences of the 4 species, as well as the V/T conserved domain and HMMER software. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the V/T gene family was divided into 3 classes. In the promoter region, LTRE, ABRE, MYC, MYB and W - box cis elements were plentiful. Protein feature analysis indicated that the VIT domain contained more conservative hydrophobic amino acid residues. Gene expression profile showed that most of the V/T genes basically expressed in selected tissue in different levels. Syntenic related homologous genes presented both similar and diverse expression patterns, while the expression pattern of tandem duplicated genes were identical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MicroRNA (miRNA), a class of endogenous small non-coding regulatory RNAs, regulate the expression of target genes by pairing with its 3' untranslated regions (3'UTR) to induce the inhibited translation or mRNA degression. Mature miRNA may interfere with multiple biological processes involved in tumorigenesis such as cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Multiple studies showed that the aberrant expression of miRNA, as novel potential makers, could provide numerous promising merits in diagnostic, pathological and therapeutic targets in cervical cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To understand the sucrose transporter (SUC) gene family expansion and lost in Brassicacea plants, a genome - wide search was carried out to identify suc genes in B. rapa, B. oleracea and B. napus. Gene structure, domain feature, and phylogenetic relationship were also performed. Based on the gene family characteristics, 12 suc genes in B. rapa, 4 in B. oleracea, and 7 in B. napus were identified. Syntenic relationship analysis indicated that these 3 species experienced different gene loss resulting in different gene retention rates. Protein sequence feature showed that they had alkaline amino acids for hydrophobic and stable protein structure. Observation of transcriptomic data indicated that all SUC genes were expressed in the examined tissues of root, stem, leaf, flower, silique and callus. In conserved motifs of promoter regions, a large number of stress - responsive cis - acting elements were found, such as LTRE, ABRE, MYC, MYB and W - box, which indicated that SUC genes might be involved in stress - responsive pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effect of aescine on the growth in cultured rat cerebral cortical neurons and the relationship with BDNF and TrkB. Methods The cerebral cortex cells from newborn SD rats were primarily cultured in 24 or 96 well plate. Cells were randomly divided into normal, control and aescine groups. Aescine group was cultured with 20 mg/mL aescine (diluted with physiological saline) , control group was cultured with the same volume of normal saline, and normal group do not have any treatment. The sub groups and images were captured at 24 h and 48 h. The expression of BDNF and TrkB mRNA were detected by using RT-PCR, and the neuronal growth vigor was detected by MTT. Results There was no difference in normal and control groups at each time point in cells numbers, body area, neurite length and viability (P> 0.05) , but all indicators have increased in the normal and control groups with the time prolonged. The indicators in aescine group were significantly higher than those in normal and control groups (P < 0.05) . RT-PCR showed that there was no significant difference in expression of BDNF and TrkB mRNA in normal and control groups at each time point (P > 0.05), but the expression in aescine group was significantly higher than that in normal and control groups at each time point (P < 0.05). Conclusion Aescine can promote neuron growth and may be relationship with the expression of BDNF and its receptor TrkB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soil environmental quality of arable land in China tends to deteriorate, especially the soil pollution is increasingly prominent. The area of polluted soil is obviously expanding. The soil pollution mainly comes from sewage irrigation, sedimentation of atmospheric pollutant, disorderly stacking of solid waste, household garbage, and improper agricultural production process. The soil pollution of arable land possess the characteristics of concealment, hysteresis, accumulation, governance hardship, and trend to polyphyly and complexity. This paper reviewed the soil pollution status quo of arable land in China and the main sources of pollution. The paper also analyzed the main characteristics of soil pollusion of arable land. Before ending, the paper put forward several issues should be paid more attention during developing and implimenting policy measures for controlling soil pollution of arable land so as to provide references for the improvement of soil environment of arable land in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the defect of simplicity and inflexibility of traditional experiment for the course of signal and system, an experiment design method based on the combination of myDAQ and Multisim is proposed. Firstly, the circuit is designed based on the experimental requirements, then the circuit is constructed by Multisim. The circuit is built on the breadboard, and using the simulation results, the parameters of the components are adjusted. After that, a signal is synthesized by myDAQ, and is used as input signal to breadboard, then the output of the actual circuit is displayed on the computer by the myDAQ and related software. Finally, by comparison of the simulation results and the output results in the real circuit, the parameters are adjusted and the real circuit is further optimized. Practice shows that the software simulation and hardware experiment are good combined, the students can understand the principles and applications of the related theory well than before and their ability of independent experiment is improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the decision-making behavior is introduced into the queuing models, starting from the customer to maximize the interests, the customer optimal balking strategies in the Geom/G/1 (ES, MV) has been studied. On the premise of unobservable queue, based on a natural reward-cost structure, the overall profit function about the individual customer and the whole customers are constructed by a method of mean value analysis, then the customer equilibrium balking strategies and socially optimal balking strategies are analyzed and determined within the parameters of different ranges. At last, the conclusion is improved by numerical simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]