Search

Objective: To evaluate the role of narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy in the diagnosis of laryngeal lesions. Methods: A total of 136 patients with laryngeal lesions were examined by NBI and white light (WLI) endoscopy from July 2016 to May 2017. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of NBI and WLI were calculated. SPSS 20.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results: Compared to WLI, NBI showed higher sensitivity (94.9% vs 83.3%), specificity (95.6% vs 84.4%), PPV (94.9% vs 82.3%), and NPV (95.6% vs 85.4%). There was high consistency of the results etween NBI and pathology (kappa=0.904, P <0.01). However, consistency of the findings between WLI and pathology was relatively weak (kappa=0.677, P <0.01). NBI showed the higher accuracy in diagnoses of both benign lesions (especially for premalignant lesions, P <0.01) and malignant lesions (especially for high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, P <0.05) than WLI. NBI findings correlated with the pathological results ( r =0.739, P <0.01). Conclusions: NBI demonstrates higher accuracy in the detection of premalignant and malignant lesions of the larynx.

Objective: To build a digital cross-sectional images date set of human normal larynx with high-precision. Method: A fresh frozen normal human larynx was embedded using Kawamot's Film Method and then serially sectioned at 10 μm with a LeicaCM3600XP Cryomacrotome, meanwhile digital images of the block surface were recorded after every section with a Nikon D750 camera and stored respectively as JPG and RAW files. All images were cropped to display a constant area on the block surface by photoshop7 and stored as TIFF files. Result: A total of 6 656 images were recorded in 24-bit RGB resolution, the complete data file is 97.5 GB and 174 GB. After elimination of image size variation, all images were re-sampled at a final resolution of 40 μm/pixel and the complete data file is 107 GB. Conclusion: It's feasible to use the combination of Kawamot's Film Method,Digital Single Lens Reflex with high-resolution and regular block face-based alignment to build high-precision digital images date set, which could apply to some partial organs that resemble larynx., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Objective: This paper seeks to identify useful and reliable indicators for predicting the occurrence of difficult laryngeal exposure(DLE) in microlaryngosurgery. Method: Sixty-two patients were given physical examinations,including 4 general parameters:age,sex,BMI,and MMI,and 14 physical measurement parameters(TA,UIA,LIA,IG,LIMD,MA,MCD,MH,MDI,HMD,TMD,SMD,TMA,THUIA).Univariate analysis,stepwise regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were employed to identify parameters with the potential to predict DLE. Result: We found sex( P <0.05) showed significant correlation with the laryngeal exposure score( P <0.05).We also found LIMD,MA,TMA and THUIA to be reliable DLE predictors.The cutoff values for predicting DLE were LIMD>4.53cm,MA>115.5°,TMA>99.2°,and THUIA>152.6°. Conclusion: X-ray measurement predictors of LIMD,MA,TMA,and THUIA before operation are important for the prediction of DLE.Sex is also the reliable DLE predictor.Males were prone to DLE., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Objective: Using radioactive Nano tracer at different sizes and doses in the Larynx of rabbits, to study the roles of them in the sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in rabbits and to provide experimental evidences for the choices of ideal size and dose of radioactive Nano tracer of the sentinel lymph node biopsy in Laryngeal cancer patients., Method: thirty rabbits were randomly divided into six groups with five rabbits in each group. After 50 nm--0.01 ml, 50 nm--0.02 ml, 80 nm--0.01 ml, 80 nm--0.02 ml,100 nm--0.01 ml, 100 nm--0.02 ml of 99mTc-sulfur Colloid were separately injected into the Larynx, the number of SLNs, the initial and strongest radioactive time of SLNs, and the lasting time of radioactivity was obtained., Result: One to three SLNs were identified in one rabbit, so there were totally forty-five SLNs, which in the areas of II, III and IV. The group of 50 nm--0.02 ml had the largest number of SLNs and there were significant differences between the group of 50 nm-0.02 ml and 100 nm--0.01 ml. In the six groups, the group of 50 nm--0.02 ml was the earliest group of detecting the initial and strongest radioactivity of SLNs,which the time were 49.20 s and 178.60 s; the group of 100 nm--0.01 ml was the latest group of detecting the initial and strongest radioactivity of SLNs, which the time were 235.80 s and 311.20 s. Each group had radioactivity more than 30 minutes., Conclusion: The group of 50 nm--0.02 ml was the best group, because it moved fast and had a higher rate of uptake in lymphangio. Moreover, the radioactivity time was more than 30 minutes. It was the ideal size and dose of SLN biopsy in larynx.

Acoustic rhinometry and acoustic pharyngometry (AR/P) can quantify the upper airway condition of air draft by drawing a graph plotting the nasal cavity and pharyngeal cavity cross-sectional area. Based on CT medical images of volunteers, a 3-dimensional finite element model of upper respiratory tract was reconstructed by using the method of surface rendering. The veracity of the model was valued by comparison of the relevant areas between the model and the AR/P graph; and an AR/P was used to help improve and enrich the model. The combination of AR/ P and CT is useful in studying the medicine problem related to the anatomical structure of upper respiratory tract.

Objective: To reduce misdiagnosis and explore etiology of laryngeal stridor in neonates., Methods: Sixteen neonates with laryngeal stridor were reviewed. All the patients were examined with CT scan for larynx and lungs and some were examined with laryngoscopy. Laboratory examination and chromosome analysis were also done in all or some patients., Results: All the 16 neonates were diagnosed before admission as congenital simple laryngeal stridor in other hospitals. Of the 16 neonates with laryngeal stridor, 5 (31%) had thyroglossal ductal cyst, 1 (6%) neonate with cri du chat (5p(-)) syndrome, 2 (13%) neonates with Pierre-Robin syndrome and the rest 8 (50%) were suspected of congenital simple laryngeal stridor., Conclusion: Neonates with laryngeal stridor are easily misdiagnosed; neonatal thyroglossal duct cyst is one of common causes. The diagnosis for a congenital simple laryngeal stridor should be carefully made excluding the possibility of related diseases. The authors recommend that laryngoscopy and CT scan for larynx should be performed in the neonates with laryngeal stridor.

Objective: To determine the consistence of the parameters related to type I thyroplasty measured by laryngeal specimens and CT scan., Methods: The related parameters of 50 laryngeal specimens (unilateral) obtained following total laryngectomy were measured postoperative immediately, and compared with those measured by spiral CT scan with multiple plain reconstructive (MPR) technique preoperatively. Comparative results were analyzed to evaluate the statistical significance between these two methods., Results: There were no significant statistical differences among the 6 parameters between two methods (P > 0.05), and the results (x +/- s) measured by CT scan and laryngeal specimens showed that the length of the thyroid notch to the inferior thyroid border were (20.7 +/- 1.7) mm and (20.6 +/- 1.7) mm; the length of the vocal cord were (17.3 +/- 1.8) mm and (17.3 +/- 1.8) mm; the length of the oblique line were (28.6 +/- 3.2) mm and (29.1 +/- 2.7) mm; the length of the presumptive horizontal line were (26.2 +/- 2.0) mm and (26.2 +/- 2.0) mm; the endolaryngeal vertical length of the anterior of the vocal cord to the presumptive horizontal line were (4.5 +/- 0.6) mm and (4.5 +/- 0.7) mm; the endolaryngeal vertical length of the vocal process to the presumptive horizontal line were (10.8 +/- 1.1) mm and (10.9 +/- 1.1) mm, respectively. As a result, the endolaryngeal anterior and posterior width of the wedge inserted in the thyroid cartilage were 4 - 5 mm and 8 - 9 mm respectively., Conclusions: MPR technique of spiral CT scan is able to design the size of the window and the prosthesis of type I thyroplasty preoperatively, which was testified to be a precise and reliable method to measure the larynx.