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As the cavitation is a long - term disturbing problem in hydropower industry, carrying out anti - cavitation research for hydropower machinery is of great significance for promoting hydropower development and scientific carbon reduction. In this work, the cavitation mechanism and prevention strategy for hydropower mechinery were briefly explained. Based on this, the current research status and application of anti - cavitation coating materials were emphatically discussed. Finally, the current problems and the future research direction of new anti - cavitation materials were prospected.

The common method for the determination of Au in geological samples is by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) after enrichment by polyurethane foam (PUF). Compared with activated carbon, PUF has a good selectivity but has a low absorption capacity. PUF loaded by different extraction agents or modified with different functional groups can improve the absorption capacity. PUF was treated with hydrochloric acid to prepare PUF-NH2. Infrared Spectrum and Scanned Electron Microscope results show the peak of PUF-NH2 shows obvious red shift, and the amount of amino group increases obviously. Macromolecule of PUF-NH2 shows obvious fracture. The amino group after hydrolysis is reduced, which is easy to achieve in an oxide-reduction reaction with Au ions during the absorption of Au to form Au nanoparticles. Modified PUF-NH2 achieved absorption capacity of 96 mg/g, which is an 8-fold improvement compared to PUF. Using PUF-NH2 to enrich Au in geological samples, the samples were first ashed and then digested by 50% aqua regia. Gold was determined by ICP-OES. The recovery by standard-addition ranged from 95.0% to 105.0% and the detection limit was 0.15 μg/g. The experimental results show that the enrichment degree and analytical sensitivity are improved by using PUF-NH2, which is suitable for the determination Au in low grade ores.

The metabolism of retinoids and their major functions to skin are briefly summarized. The formula stability, skin irritation and formula compatibility are introduced. Related cosmetic products of retinoids are also discussed. The application prospect of retinoids in cosmetics is also forecasted [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The typical forest communities under four different succession stages in Changbai Mountains were selected to study the stoichiometric traits of stems and leaves of dominant species in different layers, and the relationships between these stoichiometric traits and terrain factors. The results showed that leaf nitrogen content (LNC) was significantly positively correlated with leaf phosphorus content (LPC) and stem nitrogen content (SNC), and positively with stem phosphorus content (SPC). The LPC was positively correlated with SPC and negatively with leaf N/ P, stem N/ P. The leaf N/ P was positively correlated with stem N/ P. SNC was positively correlated with SPC. There were significant differences in the stoichiometric traits of the plant species at tree layers among the different succession forest communities, while no obvious difference in shrub layers except for leaf N/ P. Based on RDA analysis, it indicated that the plant communities in the Changbai Mountains is N-affected in the primary stage of succession, while N- and P-affected in the mid and later stages with a stronger impact from P. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study regarding the use of the E2 soluble recombinant protein as antigen in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Western blotting analysis was used to demonstrate the antigenicity of the recombinant protein and was purified by glutathione sepharose 4B resin chromatography. Results indicate that rE2-ELISA is suitable for large scale monitoring of CSF.

It is of great practical significance to identify service blind area, scientifically select park construction areas, and clarify the priority of parks' construction based on the co-ordination of supply-demand evaluation. With the urban parks within the Taiyuan Ring Expressway as the research subjects, we estimated the accessibility range and the service pressure of each park by using the application programming interface of Gaode map route planning and point of interest data to characterize their supply and demand levels. We identified the service blind areas of parks by overlay analysis, and used the location-allocation (LA) model to purposefully supply park green space. Results showed that the accessibility coverage rates of the parks by walking and bicycling within 15 minutes were 35.6% and 71.7%, respectively, indicating insufficient supply capacity of parks. The areas with large potential demand for park green space in Taiyuan were mainly concentrated in the business district of Qinxian-Changfeng Street and the Shuangta business district within Dongzhong ring road, which existed the obviously invisible blind areas. Finally, we proposed new park green space site selection proposal based on LA model. Optimization results indicated that the coverage rates of walking and bicycling within 15 minutes increased to 46.7% and 81.0%, respectively, and that the service pressure of parks was relieved. We combined the leisure demands of urban residents and the distribution of urban parks by utilizing network big data, which could promote the scientific nature and accuracy of the optimizing site selection and provide scientific method and theory basis for urban park construction.

Fire is an important ecological factor in boreal coniferous forest, which directly affects plant taxonomic and functional diversity and consequently forest succession. We analyzed the changes of soil nutrient contents, leaf functional traits, taxonomic and functional diversity of a Larix gmelinii community under different fire intensity levels (low, medium, heavy). The forest stand had been naturally recovered for 12 years in Yakeshi area. The results showed that fire significantly reduced soil total nitrogen content, but did not affect soil total phosphorus content. Low and medium fire intensities could maintain higher species diversity and functional diversity of the community. Medium fire disturbance significantly increased species diversity of the community, with maximum species richness index, Shannon index, Simpson index and Pielou evenness index. Fire disturbance reduced functional richness and functional divergence of the community, which were the largest in medium and low fire intensity respectively (except unburned). Functional evenness and Rao qua-dratic entropy index increased after forest fire disturbance, and the largest was in the low intensity burned area. With the increases of fire intensity, leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density and leaf total phosphorus content showed a significantly increased trend, while specific leaf area, leaf water content, leaf total nitrogen content and leaf N:P showed the trend unburned ＞ medium fire ＞ low fire ＞ heavy fire, leaf thickness increased first and then decreased. Fire intensity had significant effects on leaf functional traits and functional diversity of forest community. Moderate fire distur-bance could promote forest restoration.

This study was carried out to analyze the changes of growth, the contents of carbohydrates and soluble protein of Zoysia japonica clonal ramets under nutrient heterogeneity, where the connected and disconnected ramets were treated with different nutrient levels. The results indicated that under the nutrient heterogeneity the parent ramets in middle or high nutrient levels improved the aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, and total biomass, with the enhancement of 32.5%, 22.1% and 24.8% at high nutrient level, respectively, reduced the root/shoot ratio, the contents of soluble sugar and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), with the reduction of 7.7%, 15.2% and 13.1% in high nutrient level, respectively, but had no significant impacts on the contents of starch, cellulous, and soluble protein of the connected daughter ramets. The daughter ramets in middle and high nutrient levels had no significant impacts on the growth and the contents of carbohydrates and soluble protein of the connected parent ramets. There was a significant physiological integration effects from parent to the daughter ramets on the biomass, root/shoot, the contents of soluble sugar and NSC. The intensity of physiological integration was proportional to the nutrient gradient of ramets, but had no significant physiological integration effects on the contents of starch, cellulous and soluble protein. The daughter ramets had no physiological integration for any indicator of the parent ramets. There was a unidirectional physiological integration between parent and daughter ramets of Z. japonica.

Acer catalpifolium is a unique species and wild endangered one in China. Currently, no research has addressed its endangered status from the perspective of photosynthetic characters. The photosynthesis characteristics and growth rate of A. catalpifolium seedlings from four provenances (Dujiangyan, Dayi, Emeishan and Leibo) under two shading conditions (50% and 80% of full shade) were examined to explore the light response mechanism. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate (P n ), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration rate (T r ) and water use efficiency (WUE) of A. catalpifolium seedlings from four provenances sharply decreased with the decreases of light intensity. When the light intensity was reduced, the light compensation point (LCP) and light saturation point (LSP) of A. catalpifolium seedlings from Dujiangyan and Emei-shan were all decreased, while those of the seedlings from Dayi increased, and those of the seedlings from Leibo showed no significant changes. Net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency were positively correlated with plant height and crown growth. The effects of different light intensities on photosynthetic characteristics and growth rate of A. catalpifolium were significantly different. Low light availability under canopy might be the limiting factor for natural regeneration of A. catalpifolium populations from Dayi. Compared with other provenances, A. catalpifolium seedlings from Leibo were more shade requiring. A. catalpifolium had better light adaptability and growth performance from Dujiangyan and Emeishan, which could be used as high-quality source for transplant protection.

This study was carried out to analyze the changes of growth and photosynthesis of clonal ramets under nutrient heterogeneity, where the connected and disconnected ramets were treated with different nutrient levels. The results showed that under the nutrient heterogeneity the parent ramets in middle or high nutrient levels improved leaf length, leaf width, root mass, leaf mass, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water use efficiency of the connected daughter ramets, with an increase of 16.0%, 8.3%, 24.4%, 58.1%, 30.3%, 54.0%, 9.2% and 21.9% in high nutrient level, respectively, but reduced the root/shoot and intercellular CO 2 concentration of the connected daughter ramets, with a decreases of 21.6% and 31.5% in high nutrient level, respectively. In contrast, the daughter ramets in the middle or high nutrient level had no significant impacts on the growth and photosynthesis of the connected parent ramets. There was a physiological integration from the parent ramets to the daughter ramets. The larger the nutrient differences of ramets was, the stronger the intensity of physiological integration was. The daughter ramets were the unidirectional beneficiary from the physiological integration, as the daughter ramets benefited from the parent ramets but had no positive effects on the daughter ramets.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of bicyclol combined with ganciclocir on infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis., Methods: Seventy infants with cytomegalovirus hepatitis were randomized into treatment group (n=35) and control group (n=35) for a 2-week-long treatment with ganciclocir (5 mg/kg) with and without oral bicyclol (3 mg/kg, twice daily), respectively., Results: In both groups, significant changes occurred in the levels of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, serum total bilirubin, serum total bile acid, and glutamyl transpeptidase after the 2-week treatment (P<0.01); these parameters differed significantly between the two groups after the treatment (P<0.01). Compared with those in the control group, the infants in the treatment group showed significantly better responses to the treatment (P<0.05) with a significantly higher rate of serum anti CMV IgM negativity (P<0.05)., Conclusions: Bicyclol combined with ganciclocir can reduce glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and serum total bilirubin, and decrease bile acid levels to lessen liver cell damage and promote the recovery of liver cells.

A series of multinuclear diethylenetriamine ligands were synthesized and used as artificial nuclease enzyme model. Target compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and ESI-MS. Preliminary studies on the cleavage of pUC19 DNA in the presence of metal complexes have also been performed and the results revealed that these complexes could act as powerful catalysts for the cleavage of pUC19 DNA after 48 h under physiological conditions. The hydrolytic cleavage mechanism of DNA plasmid by title compound was confirmed by T4 DNA ligase experiment.

The drug-loading system of DMF (dextran - magnetic layered double hydroxide - fluorouracil) was synthesized by "co-precipitation intercalated assembly - dextran composite in situ - solvent conversion" technology. The crystal-phase characteristic and slow-release performance of DMF were investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectrum (IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetry (TG) and in vitro release experiment. The targeted transshipment and slow-release effect of DMF system were evaluated by in vivo animal experiment. It was showed that the XRD of DMF matched with R-sixtetragonum type layered double hydroxide and Fd-3m cubic type ferrite. IR test demonstrated that the DMF system was a supra-molecular complex consisted of Dextran (DET), magnetic layered double hydroxide (MLDH) and fluorouracil (FU) components. The two-level supra-molecular MLDH-FU presented six-edge lozenge TEM morphology, with layered characteristics. DET on the surface of DMF was capable of protecting the layered structure of MLDH-FU, improving particle dispersion properties, and strengthening the slow-release performance of the drug delivery system. The drug release model of DMF at pH 7.35 of PBS in vitro fit to the zero-order kinetics equation C = 1.1716 x 10(-5) + 4.4626 x 10(-7) t. The drug delivery system DMF could transport drugs principally to in vivo target organs with a local effect, targeted specificity, and excellent circulation transshipment performance. The pharmacokinetic process of DMF presented multi-peak phenomenon with peak attenuation and cyclic growth. The peaks appeared at 0.25, 1, 3, 5 and 9 d separately after dosing intervention. The first peak process of DMF accorded with a pharmacokinetic equation of C(FU) = 14.34 e(-0.530t) + 36.04 e(-0.321t) + 24.18 e(-0.96t), and presented the characteristic of slow absorption and fast elimination. As for subsequent peak processes, half-life increased, bioavailability increased, and plasma clearance decreased. The highest peak value of DMF was 1/37 of original value of FU, and the relative bioavailability was 419% to original FU.

Objective: To explore the protective effects of bicyclol against renal interstitial fibrosis and possible mechanisms of the protection., Methods: Eighty-one Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to a sham-operated group and UUO groups with and without bicyclol treatment. A rat model of renal interstitial fibrosis was prepared by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Renal tissues were examined by hematoxylin & eosin and Masson staining on 7, 14 and 21 days. Immunhistochemistry was used for determining plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) expression in the renal interstitium. PAI-1 mRNA expression in renal tissues was semi-quantitatively determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)., Results: The relative areas of renal interstitial fibrosis in the bicyclol-treated UUO group 7, 14 and 21 days after operation were (9.6 ± 0.6)%, (16.8 ± 0.8)% and (33.6 ± 1.6)% respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the untreated UUO group [13.0 ± 0.7)%, (25.8 ± 1.5)% and (53.2 ± 2.5)% respectively] (P<0.05). The levels of protein and mRNA expression of PAI-1 in the bicyclol-treated UUO group decreased significantly compared with those in the untreated UUO group 7, 14 and 21 days after operation (P<0.05)., Conclusions: Bicyclol can alleviate renal interstitial injury and renal interstitial fibrosis caused by UUO in rats, possibly through a downregulation of renal PAI-1 expression.

One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures, such as nanorods, nanofibers and nanotubes, have been an active subject of intense research due to the unique transport properties, quantum effects and potential applications in electronics and photonics. One-dimensional Ti doped ZrO2 nanofibers with interesting long-lasting phosphorescence were successfully prepared by electrospinning from properly selected Ti, Zr and polymer precursors and subsequent calcination treatment. The as obtained ZrO2 : Ti ultralong nanofibers are monoclinic phase with average diameter of ca. 100 nm observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The sample obtained after calcinations at 1 000 degrees C shows much decrease in size due to the decomposition and removal of the PVP component that played the role of template for the fiber formation during electrospinning process. Photoluminescence properties of the ZrO2 : Ti fibers were studied by means of steady state and time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy and discussed in detail. Room-temperature photoluminescence measurement shows a prominent peak at 467 nm (2.65 eV) with a weak shoulder band around 350 nm (3.54 eV). Different emission behavior may be due to the existence of two kinds of oxygen vacancies. Two Ti3+ ions substituting a Zr4+ ion produce one oxygen vacancy for charge compensation, which are effective and deep traps for excited electrons in the conduction band under irradiation. The weak emission band at 350 nm is attributed to the oxygen vacancy caused by surface defects trapping electrons. Longer excited state lifetime than the common ZrO2 : Ti nanocrystals was observed and may be ascribed to the unique characteristic of one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures.

Objective: The main objective of this study is to assess the the effect of simvastatin (sim) on myocardial no-reflow (NR) and explore the possible potential mechanisms., Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were randomized into sham group (n = 12), I/R (90 min ischemia via coronary ligation/120 min reperfusion, n = 18) and I/R plus sim group (20 mgxkg(-1)xd(-1) sim pretreated via gavage beginning 3 days before I/R, n = 18). After reperfusion, area at risk/area of left ventricular (RA/LVA), area of NR, determined by the area not perfused by thioflavin-S/area at risk (NA/RA) and area of myocardial infarction/area at risk (MIA/RA) were measured. Myocardium homogenate was used to determine the activity of eNOS, iNOS and MPO, and the content of NO and MDA. Myocardial immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the positive index of NF-kappaB p65 in cardiomyocytes and arteriole., Results: The NR and myocardial infarction areas in I/R plus sim group were significantly smaller than those in I/R group (34.10 +/- 7.05 vs. 52.09 +/- 6.89, 78.80 +/- 7.60 vs. 90.13 +/- 5.72, each P < 0.05) while the ischemia area was similar between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). The myocardial activities of iNOS and MPO, the contents of NO and MDA were significantly lower while eNOS activity was significantly higher in I/R plus sim group than those in I/R group (5.02 +/- 1.64 vs. 9.19 +/- 2.89, 586.21 +/- 126.97 vs. 744.49 +/- 137.53, 257.72 +/- 93.43 vs. 384.10 +/- 40.68, 72.10 +/- 18.56 vs. 111.84 +/- 38.58, 7.08 +/- 1.74 vs. 3.72 +/- 0.98, all P < 0.05). The positive index of NF-kappaB p65 in cardiocytes and arteriole at left ventricular wall near the area of myocardial infarction was significantly lower in I/R plus sim group than that in I/R group (21.59 +/- 10.5 vs. 34.32 +/- 9.55, 27.27 +/- 13.19 vs. 44.91 +/- 15.06, each P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Simvastatin could improve myocardial NR after ischemia-reperfusion by attenuating endothelial dysfunction and inhibiting inflammation and neutrophil activation.

Objective: To investigate the toxicity attenuation and efficacy potentiation effects of Fu Zheng Yang Yin Decoction with HIFU on the experimental model of VX2 liver cancer in rabbits., Methods: The rabbits were all transplanted with VX2 cancer on livers. The 30 rabbits were divided into three groups: HIFU group (HIFU therapy), Combination group (HIFU + Fu Zheng Yang Yin decoction), Control group (without any treatment). Each group involved 10 rabbits. After treatment, the volume of the tumor was observed by sonography. Metastases, pathological changes, Immunoglobulin, ALT were also observed., Results: After treatment, ALT and temperature of Combination group and HIFU group were lower than Control group (P < 0.05). The tumor volume of Combination group and HIFU group showed significant difference with control group (P < 0.05). Immunoglobulin of HIFU group and Combination group increased, that of Control group decreased. One month after treatment, all animals were dissected. Combination group had no lung transferred, HIFU group had 2 lung transferred, all of control group had lung transferred., Conclusion: The combination therapy of Fu Zheng Yang Yin decoction with HIFU can effectively inhibited VX2 cancer growth in rabbit's liver. Fu Zheng Yang Yin decoction can reduce side-effect, improve immune function, and has special effects of toxicity attenuation and efficacy potentiation.

By adding municipal wastewater in effluent of ANOXIC-OXIC (A/O) reactor as external carbon source, effects of external carbon source on nitrogen and phosphorus removal in subsurface flow and free water surface integrated constructed wetland were studied in pilot-scale. Results indicate that, COD/TN and (NO2(-) + NO3(-))/TN in influent of wetland are 1.00 and 0.48, respectively, and load removal rates of COD, TN and TP are 1.82, 1.59 and 0.14 g (m2 x d)(-1), respectively, as directly treating effluent of A/O reactor in wetland (working condition I). COD/TN and (NO2(-) + NO3(-))/TN in influent of wetland are 3.55 and 0.44, respectively, and load removal rates of COD, TN and TP are 19.03, 5.42 and 0.29 g (m2 x d)(-1), respectively, as adding municipal wastewater in effluent of A/O reactor as external carbon source in wetland (working condition II). Compared with working condition I, load removal rates of TN and TP for working condition II increase 3.4 times and 2.1 times, respectively. Impact factors of load removal rate of TN and TP are water temperature, HRT, COD/TN and (NO2(-) + NO3(-))/TN, respectively, when ranges of influent load rates are 3.8 - 38.7 g x (m2 x d)(-1) for COD, 5.07 - 13.08 g x (m2 x d)(-1) for TN and 0.57 - 1.92 g x (m2 x d)(-1) for TP, respectively, and range of HRT is 0.5 - 1.0 d. TN load removal rate decreases by exponent function along with increase of HRT, linearly increases along with increase of water temperature and (NO2(-) + NO3(-))/TN, and increases by power function along with increase of COD/TN. TP load removal rate also increases by power function along with increase of COD/TN.

This paper reviewed the research methods of desert woody plants seed germination, and the effects of internal and external ecological factors on it. Most researchers use incubator and artificial climate chamber to dispose the seeds, while field investigation was few involved. Seed dormancy is the important physiological factor affecting germination, while seed size, mass and color are closely correlated with its maturity and vigor. The poor permeability of seed capsule is a barrier that restrains the germination, which can be weakened or eliminated by shaving, cutting, treating with low temperature, and dipping in chemical reagent, etc. Seed water content has a close correlation with its storage life and water-absorbing capability. Suitable temperature is the prerequisite of seed germination, while changing temperature can accelerate the germination. Soil moisture content is a limiting factor, while illumination is not so essential to the seed germination of most desert woody plants. Sand-burying plays an important role in the seed germination through regulating illumination, temperature, and soil moisture content. Salinity stress restrains the seed germination of desert woody plants observably. In further studies, the effects of multi-factors and the eco-physiological and molecular biological mechanisms of germination should be more concerned.

Objective: To explore the relationship between interleukin-6 (IL-6) (-634C/G) genetic polymorphisms and the pneumoconiosis., Methods: A total of 104 male stage I pneumoconiosis patients diagnosed by the Pneumoconiosis Diagnosis Expert Panel according to the Chinese National Diagnosis Criteria of Pneumoconiosis (GBZ 70 - 2002) were selected. The pneumoconiosis comprised 66 silicosis and 38 coal worker' pneumoconiosis (CWP). A total of 122 workers exposed to same dusts as the patients but without pneumoconiosis including 77 exposed to silica dusts and 45 to coal dusts were selected. The patients and the controls had the same dust exposure history. The peripheral venous blood was drawn from each subject. The IL-6 (-634C/G) genetic polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) techniques., Results: The frequencies of IL-6 (-634C/G) (CC, CG and GG) genotypes were 66.7%, 19.7% and 13.6% in silicosis group, 42.9%, 42.9% and 14.2% in silica dust exposure group, 73.7%, 18.4% and 7.9% in CWP group, 51.1%, 35.6% and 13.3% in coal dust exposure group respectively. The statistical analysis indicated that there was significant difference in the frequencies of IL-6 (-634C/G) (CC, CG and GG) genotypes between silicosis patients and workers exposed to silica dusts (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: IL-6 (-634 C/G) genetic polymorphisms might play a role in the occurrence of silicosis.

Objective: To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) against focal cerebral ischemic injury in rats with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWMRI)., Methods: Rat models of focal cerebral ischemic injury were established in 16 male SD rats. They were randomly divided into the TMP group and the control group, eight in each group, and pretreated with TMP and normal saline respectively before modeling. Change of infarcted cerebral focus was observed with DWMRI at 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hrs after infarction, and the infarction volume (IV) at 24 hrs after modeling was estimated by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) stain., Results: The IV in all time points observed in the TMP group with DWMRI was significantly smaller than that in the control group (P<0.01). Compared with that at 1 hr after infarction, in the control group at 2, 6, 12 and 24 hrs after modeling, the IV enlarged by 13.3%, 29.7%, 50.3% and 57.3% respectively, while that in the TMP group 9.9%, 21.3%, 37.1% and 40.5% respectively. The cerebral IV estimated by TTC stain 24 hrs after modeling was larger than that estimated by DWMRI., Conclusion: TMP pretreatment before modeling was effective in protecting brain against cerebral ischemic damage in rats. DWMRI dynamic scanning observation has important significance in observing the cerebral ischemic developing process and evaluating the effectiveness of brain protective measures.

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in chrysanthemum was studied to prevent the insect pest of aphid (Mizus persicae). The gna gene was successfully transferred into chrysanthemum by leaf dish, and 93 transgenic clones were obtained. The highest transformation frequency 11.21% was achieved on the optimization facts, which were medium YEB with pH5.6, bacterial concentration OD600 = 0.4, precultivation for one day, cocultivation for four days, the cocultivation media supplemented with GA3 0.5 mg/L and leaf explants growed for 45 days. The results from PCR and FQ-PCR analysis confirmed that gna gene was integrated into the genome of chrysanthemum plants. The insect bioassay with aphid showed that the aphid resistance of different transgenic plants was difference, and the rate of aphid population inhibition of them were from 10% to 84% with an average rate of 39.4%. The leaf-extracts from different transgenic plants showed varying actinties in red-blood cell bioassay.

Objective: To study a new quick method for detecting serum IgG against Trichinella spiralis (T.s)., Methods: Membrane antigen of muscle larva of T.s was isolated and combined with the nitrocellulose membrane. Goat anti-human IgG was conjugated with the golden pellets of colloidal state which was used as marked antibody for the experiment of dot-immunogold filtration assay to examine specific IgG., Results: T.s IgG and its corresponding antigen reacted on the membrane by filtration, and the result could be observed with naked eyes within 10 min. In the examination of 76 clinical serum samples, the positive rate was 94.7%. It was not significantly higher than that of ELISA (chi 2 = 2.83, P > 0.05)., Conclusion: The dot-immunogold filtration assay is rapid and simple for performing and reading in the detection of IgG against T.s with high sensitivity and specificity.