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Manganese dioxide in pyrolusite was directly reduced to manganese sulfate by high-temperature roasting with ammonium sulfite as reducing agent, so as to achieve efficient extraction of pyrolusite. The effects of mass ratio of ammonium sulfite to pyrolusite, roasting temperature and time, leaching temperature and time on the extraction rate of manganese were investigated, and the optimum process conditions were determined. The results show that the optimal conditions are the mass ratio of ammonium sulfite to pyrolusite of 0.75:1, roasting temperature of 500 °C, roasting time of 1.5 h, leaching temperature of 25 °C, leaching time of 30 min. Under the conditions, the leaching rate of manganese and iron is about 93% and about 9.5%, respectively. The extraction effect of manganese is good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The removal of fluorine from high fluorine manganese sulfate solution by lanthanum oxide was studied. The effects of initial solution pH, the amount of lanthanum oxide, reaction temperature, reaction time and stirring speed on the removal rate of fluorine were investigated. The defluorinated products were characterized by XRD and EDS. The results show that for the high fluoride manganese (II) sulfate solution with the fluoride ion mass concentration of 1 260 mg/L, the fluoride mass concentration is reduced to 10 mg/L and the fluoride removal rate is 99.93% under the conditions of initial solution pH = 3, lanthanum oxide amount of three times of the theoretical amount, reaction temperature of 55 °C, reaction time of 40 min, and stirring speed of 250 r/min. The fluorine mass concentration in manganese sulfate products is less than 14 mg/L, which can meet the requirements of preparing high-purity manganese (II) sulfate. This method has remarkable effect on defluorination of high fluoride manganese sulfate solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Modern Food Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Office of Modern Food Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics (2097-2806) is the property of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hydrometallurgy of China is the property of Hydrometallurgy of China Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study was to improve the antioxidant activity of yam through specific strain fermentation.·O2 - clearance rate,·OH clearance rate and DPPH· clearance rate were used as antioxidant activity indexes, through single factor and orthogonal test, six strains of feeding probiotics were screened out. The liquid fermentation technology of yam and its functional components were studied and analyzed. The results showed that the fermentation strain of yam was Bacillus subtilis. The optimal fermentation process was as follows: the total addition of yam bran of 4 g, the proportion of yam and bran of 4∶6, and the addition of sodium chloride of 6 g/L. After 72 h of fermentation, the removal effect of ·O2 - in fermentation solution was 69.91%, which was 1.2 times higher than that before optimization. The ratio of yam and bran of 5∶5, the total yam bran content of 4.5 g, the manganese sulfate content of 0.09%, the inoculum content of 2.5%, and the fermentation solution had the best scavenging effect on ·OH, which was 84.82%, it was 1.43 times higher than before the optimization. Adding 0.12% manganese sulfate, 0.75 g/L magnesium sulfate, 10% inoculum and 84 h fermentation, the fermentation solution had the best DPPH removal effect of 72.21%, which was 2.1 times higher than before optimization. Four new composition including 3-hydroxybutanone, 2-methylpropionic acid, acetic acid and 3-methylbutyric acid were detected by GC-MS. The study indicates that after Bacillus subtilis fermentation, the antioxidant activity of yam is significantly increased, and four kinds of composition are added, which has the potential to be use as functional feed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to optimize the composition of Clostridium butyricum fermentation medium. The effects of different fermentation conditions and fermentation medium components on the biomass of Clostridium butyricum were studied by uniform experimental design and response surface methodology, and the optimal fermentation process parameters were explored. The results showed that four highly significant components of glucose, yeast extract powder, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride were screened from 16 kinds of fermentation media by using uniform experimental design. Further response surface methodology was used to optimize the combination of the four components, and finally the optimized medium compositions were as follows: Glucose 1.15%, starch 0.34%, peptone 2.05%, yeast extract 2.65%, bran 0.23%, corn pulp 0.21%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.64%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.75%, magnesium sulfate 0.006%, manganese sulfate 0.001 5%, calcium chloride 0.018%, sodium chloride 0.52%, ferrous sulfate 0.018%, calcium carbonate 0.42%. The study indicate that the biomass of Clostridium butyricum measured by the two methods was 18.1×108 CFU/mL, which is 2.42 times higher than that of the initial medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental Science & Technology (10036504) is the property of Editorial Board of Environmental Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hydrometallurgy of China is the property of Hydrometallurgy of China Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hydrometallurgy of China is the property of Hydrometallurgy of China Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hydrometallurgy of China is the property of Hydrometallurgy of China Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hydrometallurgy of China is the property of Hydrometallurgy of China Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Polymer materials have broad potential applications for saving water and increasing crop yields in irrigated agricultural systems. However, little is known about how polymer on soil-wheat nitrogen and phosphorus. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes of humic acid (an alkali extract of cottonseed meal), modified polymer (a mixture of anionic polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, and manganese sulfate), and composite polymer (a 1:1 mixture of H and P) applied with drip irrigation on the content and storage of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil aggregates, and their effects on the nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation of plant organs and spring wheat yield. The results demonstrated that the addition of polymer materials had a great impact on the total nitrogen content of different fractions. Compared with control (CK), the humic acid treatment (H) significantly increased the total nitrogen content of >2, >1-2, >0.25-1, and ≤0.053 mm fractions in the >20-40 cm soil layer. The modified polymer (P) and composite polymer (HP) treatments significantly increased the total nitrogen content of >2, >1-2, ≤0.053 mm and >2, >0.25-1, ≤0.053 mm fractions in the surface soil (0-20 cm), respectively. In the total phosphorus content of different fractions, the H and P treatments significantly increased the total phosphorus content of >0.25-1 mm and >2 mm fractions in the top soil, respectively. Meanwhile, in the >20-40 cm soil layer, the total phosphorus content of >1-2 mm and >0.053-0.25 mm for H, the P treatments were totally different than that of CK treatment. In the nitrogen and phosphorus storages of aggregates, the H treatment mainly increased the total nitrogen and phosphorus storages of >0.25-1 mm fractions. The P treatment was beneficial to increase the total phosphorus storages of >1-2, >0.25-1, >0.053-0.25 and ≤0.053 mm fractions. Although polymer materials reduce the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus, while the dry weight of spring wheat stems, they have increased other plant organs (Flowering stage: leaf, and spike; Mature stage: leaf, husk and grain) in grains during maturity stage. Compared with CK, the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in grains for the H and P treatments increased by 25.6% and 24.9%, 40.9% and 26.7% (P<0.05), respectively, while the grain yield increased by 19.7% and 12.6% (P<0.05), respectively. A Redundancy Analysis (RDA) was used to clarify the relationship between the storage of nitrogen and phosphorus in different fractions, and the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as the yield of spring wheat. The results showed that the nitrogen and phosphorus storages of >1-2 and >0.25-1 mm fractions were one of the main driving factors for the yield of spring wheat. Meanwhile, the humic acid and modified polymer materials can be used to promote the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the grain by increasing the nitrogen and phosphorus storage of >0.25-1 mm fractions and the total phosphorus storage of >1-2 mm fractions, respectively, thereby to increase spring wheat yield. The findings can be used to elucidate the action mechanism of polymer materials on soil nitrogen and phosphorus, and thereby to provide a more in-depth theoretical basis for local application and promotion of polymer materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences is the property of Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)