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Renal interstitial fibrosis is a common pathway in the progression of many renal diseases. Whether it is chronic kidney disease or acute kidney injury that cannot be fully recovered, the progression process mostly enters end-stage renal failure after renal interstitial fibrosis. The animal model of renal interstitial fibrosis is an important research tool for exploring the pathogenesis of renal interstitial fibrosis and new diagnostic and treatment methods. Different animal models have their own characteristics. Researchers can establish different models based on their own experience and experimental purposes, and carry out scientific research on this basis to provide more new methods for the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases. The authors focused on several common animal models of renal interstitial fibrosis to provide the reference for related researchers, including surgical models induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, 5/6 nephrectomy, and microembolization; chemical models induced by cyclosporine A, adriamycin, aristolochic acid, mercuric chloride（HgCl2）, gentamicin, cisplatin, and adenine; transgenic hybridization and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) induced transgenic modification model; composite model induced by bilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (BIRI) combined with gentamicin, unilateral nephrectomy combined with angiotensin II (Ang II), and unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI) combined with pLVX-shTNC plasmid.

Objective To explore epidemiological and clinical characteristics of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) in southern Liaoning Province aiming for its pathogenesis and providing evidence to support and optimize the diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed by collecting the case information, case history and clinical indicators in 24 hours of admission including asymptomatic and mild/moderate type confirmed cases from February 2020 to January 2021 in southern Liaoning Province. The epidemiological characteristics were studied by descriptive analysis.The clinical characteristics of asymptomatic infection group and mild/moderate infection group were compared by t test, Mann-Whitney U test or pearson χ2 test. The differential indexes were included in the binary Logistic regression model for further analysis. Results In 218 cases of COVID-19, 59 were asymptomatic(27.06%) and 159 were mild/moderate(72.94%). The ratio of males to females was 0.79∶1.00. Among all the patients,155 cases(71.10%) aged 31-60 years old, 78 cases(35.78%) were workers and 212 cases(97.25%) were located in Dalian. There were significant differences in age, length of hospital stay, platelet(PLT), lactic dehydrogenase(LDH), total protein(TP), albumin (ALB), blood uric acid (BUA) and c-reactive protein (CRP) between the two groups. The logistic regression model showed that age, LDH and CRP were the risk factors of clinical symptoms after virus infection (P＜0.05). Conclusions In southern Liaoning Province most of COVID-19 cases are mild/moderate. The majority of patients come from Dalian and the main age distribution is 31-60 years old. In terms of clinical diagnosis and treatment, it is suggested that LDH and CRP should be examined as soon as possible for older risk population, that may support early prediction of the disease progress and take more effective prevention and control measures.

Objective To analyze the imaging data of patients with hyperacute hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage with leukoaraiosis (LA), and to evaluate the possibility of unstable CT signs of hematoma as a predictor of hematoma enlargement risk. Methods The imaging data of 95 patients who were admitted to the Department of Emergency of The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from March to April, 2021 and underwent head CT scan within 6 h of onset were collected, and hematoma volume was obtained by ITK ⁃SNAP software. Unstable CT signs of hematoma including irregular shape sign, mixed density sign, black hole sign, swirl sign, satellite sign, island sign and liquid⁃liquid level sign were recorded. The severity of LA was assessed by the Blennow scale. Univariate and multivariate stepwise Logistic regression analysis were used to screen the risk factors of large volume cerebral hemorrhage (≥30ml). Results According to the hematoma volume of cerebral hemorrhage, 95 cases were divided into＜30ml group (n=53) and ≥30ml group (n=42). Logistic regression analysis showed that severe LA was a risk factor for large volume hematoma in cerebral hemorrhage (OR=6.222, 95%CI: 2.506-15.452; P=0.000). CT showed that the proportions of irregular shape sign (χ2=17.599, P=0.000), mixed density sign (χ2=5.644, P=0.018), black hole sign (χ2=23.161, P=0.000), swirl sign (χ2=26.128, P=0.000), satellite sign (χ2=25.148, P=0.000), island sign (χ2=20.575, P=0.000), ≥2 combined signs (χ2=23.245, P=0.000) and ≥3 combined signs (χ2=58.902, P=0.000) were higher in the hematoma volume ≥30ml group than those in＜30ml group. Severe LA (grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ) group (n=50) showed irregular shape sign (χ2=5.502, P=0.019), black hole sign (χ2=10.715, P=0.001), swirl sign (χ2=7.336, P=0.007), satellite sign (χ2=4.467, P=0.035), island sign (χ2=19.961, P=0.000), ≥2 combined signs (χ2=12.684, P=0.000) and ≥3 combined signs (χ2=17.593, P=0.000) were higher than those in non⁃severe (non and grade Ⅰ) group (n=45). Conclusions Severe LA is an important risk factor for hematoma volume expansion (≥30ml) in hyperacute hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. The positive rates of unstable CT signs of hematoma in acute stage are higher, suggesting that this indicator can be used as a risk predictor for hematoma expansion after cerebral hemorrhage.

Background Epidemiological investigations have demonstrated that the number of stroke cases is increasing recently, and stroke has become a leading cause of death. Patients affected by ischemic stroke, the most prevalent type of stroke, may have different therapeutic efficacies and prognosis if the affected parts are different, and platelet activation may play a vital role in the development of ischemic stroke. Objective To investigate the associations of P-selectin (CD62P) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) expression levels with efficacy and prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke affecting different parts of the brain. Methods Participants were recruited from Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University from October 2019 to June 2021, including 44 neurology patients with ischemic stroke (23 with anterior circulation stroke and 21 with posterior circulation stroke) , and 28 healthy physical examinees. Demographics and routine blood test indicators of all participants were collected. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the degree of neurological impairment, and ELISA was used to detect the levels of CD62P and TXB2 of ischemic stroke patients at baseline, on the 7th and 30th days of treatment, respectively. The Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to assess the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients on the 30th day of treatment. Results Before treatment, both anterior and posterior circulation stroke patients had higher mean levels of CD62P and TXB2 than did the physical examinees (P

Objective To identify the plant species using the DNA sequence of plant pollen from lung tissues of a unidentified body, infer the possible long-term places of residence of the deceased according to the distribution area of the pollen in the lung tissues, therefore narrow the scope of criminal investigation and provide clues for case solving. Methods Lung tissues were extracted from the deceased, total DNA was extracted by the mCTAB method. Gene fragments of the two plant DNA barcodes, matK and rbcL, were acquired using specific primers for amplification, then sequenced. The DNA sequences of target gene fragments were acquired through bioinformatics analysis. The sequences were combined with reference sequence data. Phylogenetic analysis was made to identify the species that the DNA sequences belonged to. The places where the deceased could have lived for a long time were inferred, according to the distribution information of plant species. Results Gene fragments of 32 plant species which belonged to 31 genera of 27 families were in the lung tissues of the deceased. Among them, plants of 9 genera that had certain indicative function were mainly endemic plants from Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan. These results showed that the deceased may have stayed in these areas for a long time before death. After further investigation, the victim was confirmed to have come from a county in southern Guangxi, which was in accordance with the research results. Conclusion The method of using gene information of plants from lung tissues of human bodies to infer places of residence can assist inference of the places where the deceased could have lived for a long time. The present study may also provide new ideas for locating sources of the corpses in cases with unidentified victims.

Aiming at the problem of large measurement error in UWB indoor positioning system, a solution based on two-way time-of-flight ranging method to reduce clock offset error is proposed. Aiming at the motion characteristics of static and dynamic nodes to be tested, this scheme proposes a joint algorithm by detecting the motion state of the nodes to be tested. The static positioning uses the least squares estimation method to obtain the node coordinates and simulates by MATLAB. The coordinate position of the node is displayed. For the dynamic tracking problem, the least square method cannot accurately estimate the node position due to factors such as object occlusion and motion trajectory. For this problem, the extended Kalman filter algorithm is used to track and predict the position of the node to be tested, thus improving positioning effect. The simulation results show that the static positioning error can be controlled within 6%, and the dynamic tracking algorithm is relatively statically positioned and the accuracy is improved by 20%. Experiments show that the algorithm is reliable and effective, and meets the basic needs of indoor positioning.

In engineering construction, preventing geological disasters is crucial for protecting people's property and safety. Water inrush and mud gushing in tunnel construction are common engineering hazards in China, leading to severe consequences like construction suspension and spring disruption. Effectively preventing such incidents necessitates a thorough understanding of the hydraulic relationships and medium characteristics between surface and groundwater around tunnel sites. This study takes a detailed look at the karst springs and sinkholes surrounding the Guanshan tunnel, situated in a mid-low mountainous region in Funing county, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province. The area is characterized by its karst topography, where rock formations are exposed on mountain surfaces, coexisting with gullies. Beneath these mountains, the landscape features densely packed depressions filled with sinkholes and shafts, indicating a highly intricate karst hydrological system. This study primarily employs tracer tests to identify the dispersion of underground pipelines and the aqueous medium of groundwater. By analyzing concentration curves of tracer tests, the research aims to understand the distribution of pipelines between sinkholes and the paths of karst spring runoff. The tracer recovery rate is crucial for revealing the hydraulic connections around the Guanshan tunnel and offers a geological basis for assessing the potential risks of water inrush and mud gushing during tunnel construction. The final concentration curves indicate a clear hydraulic connection between the injection point and two receiving points. The concentration curve at the 1# sampling point shows a single peak, indicating a relatively straightforward channel with a strong hydraulic connection to the sinkhole. Conversely, the channel at the 2# sampling point demonstrates greater complexity, with concentration curves including plateau shapes. This suggests the presence of longer seepage paths and higher hydraulic gradients, potentially indicating small pools or solution ponds in the area. Calculated with both an empirical formula and the Qtracer2 software based on collected tracer concentrations, recovery rates at these two points are found to be low. The low recovery rates could imply the existence of large tributaries or a complex, dual-layer karst aquifer system, where groundwater flows to deeper levels. Given the tunnel altitude, it is inferred that tunnels at lower positions are at a heightened risk of water inrush, potentially affecting the karst springs in an adverse way. In this study, calculation methods of recovery rates are compared, which reveals that although the empirical formula is simple and easy to use, it may not be accurate under conditions of low tracer concentration and minimal groundwater flow. On the other hand, the Qtracer2 software, integrating concentration and volume, offers a more accurate and reliable method, especially in scenarios with sparse sampling intervals and limited data. The results of this study are significant in several ways. Firstly, they indicate that despite the low recovery rates at spring points 1# and 2#, there is a likelihood of deeper runoff channels existing between these points and the water point, which could pose risks of water accumulation. Although underground karst pipelines are relatively complex, actual engineering shows that large flows of groundwater will not be encountered during tunnel construction, and the possibility of water and mud inrush during tunnel construction or operation is low. However, the study recommends that construction processes should be managed carefully to prevent the discharge of wastewater and debris into groundwater, thus avoiding contamination of groundwater. Furthermore, this research provides valuable insights into the geological conditions surrounding the Guanshan tunnel. It highlights the importance of conducting detailed hydrogeological studies before commencement of any major construction project, particularly in karst regions known for their complex subterranean water systems. Such studies are not only crucial for the safety and success of the construction project but also for the protection of the surrounding environment and water resources. In conclusion, the findings of this study offer a comprehensive geological basis for assessing risks in water inrush and mud gushing in the Guanshan tunnel. They also serve as a useful reference for future projects in similar geological settings, particularly for choosing appropriate methods to calculate recovery rates of tracer tests. The study results may provide practical guidelines and methodologies for effective management of the risks associated with tunnel construction in karst terrains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Garlic products are rich in nutrition and possess antibacteria, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, and the ability to lower blood sugar and lipids, as well as improve animals' appetite. Garlic products can improve the production performance and product quality of animals, and enhance the immunity. The paper summarizes the function of garlic products and their application in animal production, and summarizes and discusses the problems existing in the application of garlic products in animal production, in order to continuously improve the function and value of garlic products, and provide reference for the continuous promotion and application of garlic products in animal production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the deformation characteristics of two walls of a fault caused by fault activities, the activation of faults in the critical moment of oil and gas accumulation (structural inversion period) was analyzed to determine the source faults in the Upper Cretaceous Putaohua oil layer of the Sanzhao sag in Songliao Basin. Based on the previous classification and research results of activity patterns of the faults in the Sanzhao sag, the analysis of the structural deformation characteristics during the deposition of the 2nd and 3rd members of the Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation and the inversion reveals that the feature of cutting to T06 reflection layer (bottom interface of the third member of the Nenjiang Formation) can not be taken as the basis to judge whether the faults were activated during the inversion or not. But during the structural inversion period, the structural deformation caused by faults would lead to fault-propagation inverted folds and fault-bend inverted folds, which would further lead to obvious deformation differences between hanging walls and foot walls of faults, this can be taken as the basis to determine if the faults were activated or not in the inversion period, and then the source faults of the Putaohua oil layer can be determined. Furthermore the source faults can be divided into two kinds, concealed faults and penetrating faults, according to if the source faults cut through layers of inversion period or not. These two kinds of source faults show more obvious control over the planar oil distribution in the Putaohua layer than the previous study results. Key words: Songliao Basin, Sanzhao sag, Putaohua oil layer, source fault, structural inversion

In view of problems of slow running speed, inflexible software programming existed in motor soft starter for belt conveyor and shredder because of taking 8 or 16 bits single-chip microcomputer as microprocessor, a soft starter based on STM32 and CPLD was designed. The starter adopts STM32F103C8T63 as intelligent control core and CPLD as assistant control core, generates a corresponding output information according to feedback information of voltage detection, current detection and external input device, and uses drive circuit to control trigger angle of three sets of inverse parallel thyristors to change motor starting voltage or frequency, so as to control the motor starting. The experimental results show that the soft starter overcomes disadvantage of big transient current of direct starting of motor, which has a good effect for improving start features of asynchronous motor.

Objective To report a rare case of atypical choroid plexus papilloma and explore its clinical presentations and histopathological features, at the same time to take a review of relevant literature. Methods and Results A 1 ⁃ year ⁃ old male patient presented with vomiting for 3 days after a sudden tumbling. Computed Tomography (CT) showed a space⁃occupying lesion located in the left lateral ventricle. The lesion was with slight hyper⁃intensity signal compared to the adjacent brain parenchyma. Left lateral ventricle was enlarged and hydrocephalus was visible. Besides, edema occured in adjacent cerebral tissues. The surgical operation was performed under general anesthesia. During the operation, the tumor tissue was in heterogeneous consistency and rich blood supply, showing grey⁃white color, and attached to the choroid plexus. Microscopically, most tumor cells grew around the fibrovascular axis forming papillary pattern and showed no obvious atypia. However, in some areas, solid and sheet⁃like patterns were identified. Within these areas, increased cell density, mild to moderate cellular atypia and focal necrosis were appreciated. Some cells with acidophilic cytoplasm, few giant tumor cells and accidental mitosis were also seen, and the counting of mitosis was 2/10 HPF. Immunohistochemistry showed positive expression of pancytokeratin (PCK), synaptophysin (Syn), cytokeratin (CK)8/18, vimentin (Vim) and podoplanin (D2⁃40) in tumor cells. Integrase interactor⁃1 (INI⁃1) were also positively and focally expressed. The Ki⁃67 labeling index of tumor cells was 8％ . S ⁃ 100 protein, CK19, neuronal nuclei (Neu ⁃ N), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), chromogranin A (CgA), CK7 and CK20 were negatively stained. The patient was followed up for 6 months after operation and no recurrence was found. Conclusion Atypical choroid plexus papilloma, the biological behavior of which is between benignancy and malignancy, is one of the rare tumors of central nervous system that occurs in the ventricular system. The incidence is low. It often occurs in the early childhood with atypical histopathological features. Follow up is suggested although patients with complete resection usually have a good long⁃term prognosis. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2012.06.017

In order to promote the application of piezoelectric fiber and its composites in the field of intelligent fabrics, the recent research progress of piezoelectric fiber and its composites at home and abroad was summarized. The preparation methods of piezoelectric ceramic fiber, PVDF piezoelectric fiber and other piezoelectric fibers and their composites were systematically introduced. The performance characteristics of these piezoelectric materials and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods were analyzed. At the same time, the applications of piezoelectric sensors in the fields of wearable intelligent fabrics, bionic deformation and medical health were introduced. Finally, the existing problems of piezoelectric fiber and its composites in the field of intelligent fabrics were summarized, and the future development trend was prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking two long-term local field trials at the south edge of the Loess Plateau, which were found in 1990 and 2003, respectively, as test subjects, the effects of different fertilization practices on the maize root biomass and nutrient content were investigated in this paper. Maize roots in the 0–20 cm top soil post-maize harvest from the different fertilization practices were collected by hand in October 2011. The results showed that compared with control without fertilization and N, NK, or PK treatments, the NP, NPK, fertilizers plus manure (M1NPK and M2NPK) or plus straw return (SNPK) treatments significantly increased the dry mass of maize root. The C, N, P and K contents in maize roots in the NP, NPK, M1 NPK, M2 NPK and SNPK treatments were also significantly higher than those of control, especially in the NPK plus organic manure treatments (M1 NPK and M2NPK) in the trial. Compared with the N fertilizer free treatment (N0), root biomass in the 120 kg N·hm-2(N120) and 240 kg N·hm-2(N240) fertilization treatments increased by 38% and 45%, respectively, but there was no significant difference between N120 and N240 treatments. Nitrogen fertilizer application (N120 and N240) also improved the C, N, P and K contents in maize root. The water soluble organic C and total soluble N contents of maize root in the NP, NPK, M1NPK, M2NPK, SNPK and the N120 and N240 treatments were greater than those of control and other treatments. Otherwise, the cellulose and lignin contents in maize roots declined in the NPK, M1 NPK, M2 NPK, and SNPK treatments compared with other treatments. So the root C/ N and lignin/ N ratios in the control, PK and N0 treatments were significantly higher than those in the NP, NPK, M1NPK, M2NPK and SNPK treatments. We concluded that the optimum fertilization (e. g., NP, NPK, MNPK and SNPK treatments) could increase maize root growth and nutrient content and improve soil fertility and carbon sequestration through root residue into soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]Antioxidant activities of sugarcane wine and sugarcane vinegar, which were two new kinds of fermented products of sugarcane juice, were investigated and tested using several antioxidant systems in order to provide technical references for developing new sugarcane health products. [Method]With Vc, gallic acid and KDTA as the control, scavenging activities of sugarcane wine and sugarcane vinegar against DPPH free radical, hydroxyl radical ( ·OH), superoxide radical (O2-) and nitrite (NO2-) were measured and their chelation activity against metal ions was evaluated. [Result]The results showed that sugarcane wine and sugarcane vinegar had strong scavenging activity against DPPI 1 free radical, hydroxyl radical (·OH) .superoxide radical (O2- ) and nitrite (NO2-), and more volume meant stronger scavenging activity. The scavenging rate was higher than those of Vc and gallic acid. Sugarcane wine and sugarcane vinegar also exhibited good chelation on metal ions. Sugarcane vinegar had better antioxidant ability than sugarcane wine. [Conclusion]Due to their good antioxidant and scavenging activity, sugarcane wine and sugarcane vinegar are beneficial for human health and their large-scale production is feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of silicon (Si) supply on diurnal variations of photosynthesis and transpiration-related physiological parameters at rice heading stage under elevated UV-B radiation. The experiment was designed with two UV-B radiation levels, i.e. ambient UV-B (ambient, A) and elevated UV-B (elevated by 20%, E), and four Si supply levels, i.e. Si0 (control, 0 kg SiO2•hm-2), Si1 (sodium silicate, 100 kg SiO2•hm-2), Si2 (sodium silicate, 200 kg SiO2•hm-2), Si3 (slag fertilizer, 200 kg SiO2•hm-2). The results showed that, compared with ambient UV-B radiation, elevated UV-B radiation decreased the net photosynthesis rate (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductivity (gs) and water use efficiency (WUE) by 11.3%, 5.5%, 10.4%, 20.3% and 6.3%, respectively, in the treatment without Si supply (Si0 level), and decreased the above parameters by 3.8%-5.5%, 0.7%-4.8%, 4.0%-8.7%, 7.4%-20.2% and 0.7%-5.9% in the treatments with Si supply (Si1, Si2 and Si3 levels), respectively. Namely, elevated UV-B radiation decreased the photosynthesis and transpiration-related physiological parameters, but silicon supply could obviously mitigate the depressive effects of elevated UV-B radiation. Under elevated UV-B radiation, compared with control (Si0 level), silicon supply increased Pn, Ci, gs and WUE by 16.9%-28.0%, 3.5%-14.3%, 16.8%-38.7% and 29.0%-51.2%, respectively, but decreased Tr by 1.9%-10.8% in the treatments with Si supply (Si1, Si2 and Si3 levels). That is, silicon supply could mitigate the depressive effects of elevated UV-B radiation through significantly increasing Pn, Ci, gs and WUE, but decreasing Tr. However, the difference existed in ameliorating the depressive effects of elevated UV-B radiation on diurnal variations of physiological parameters among the treatments of silicon supply, with the sequence of Si3>Si2>Si1>Si0. This study suggested that fertilizing slag was helpful not only in recycling industrial wastes, but also in effectively mitigating the depressive effects of elevated UV-B radiation on photosynthesis and transpiration in rice production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of silicon supply on rice growth and methane (CH4) emission in paddy field under elevated UV-B radiation. The experiment was designed with two UV-B radiation levels, i.e. ambient UV-B (ambient, A) and elevated UV-B radiation (elevated by 20%, E); with four silicon supply levels, i.e., Si0 (control, without silicon), Si1 (as sodium silicate, 100 kg SiO2•hm-2) , Si2 (as sodium silicate, 200 kg SiO2•hm-2) and Si3 (as slag fertilizer, 200 kg SiO2•hm-2). The results indicated that, silicon supply obviously alleviated the depressive effect of elevated UV-B radiation on rice growth, and increased the tiller numbers, chlorophyll content, and shoot and root dry masses. Silicon supply promoted rice growth, which increased with the silicon supply level (sodium silicate). Slag fertilizer was better than sodium silicate in promoting rice growth. CH4 flux and accumulated CH4 emission were obviously increased by elevated UV-B radiation, but significantly decreased by silicon application. CH4 emission was reduced with increasing the silicon supply level. Under the same silicon supply level, slag fertilizer was better than sodium silicate in inhibiting CH4 flux and accumulated CH4 emission. This research suggested that fertilizing slag in rice production was helpful not only in utilizing industrial wastes, but also in significantly mitigating CH4 emissions in rice paddy under elevated UV-B radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To detect morphological variation of root traits of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and to clarify the relationship between root traits and seed yield, a collection of 307 accessions of rapeseed core germplasm from a l over the world were used as materials. At seedling stage, rapeseed roots were classified into 8 types (type A to H) based on root morphological characterization. At seedling, flowering and mature stages, fresh root and shoot weight, taproot length, root crown diameter and primary lateral roots number were recorded. Significant correlations were found among these root traits. Correlation coefficient between seedling root fresh weight and root crown diameter at flowering stage was the highest at 0.61. Stepwise regression analysis suggested root traits and fresh shoot weight could explain 8.7%, 13.3% and 3. 9% of seed yield variation at these 3 stages respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the multi-spot-beam satellite communication system, the utilization efficiency of resources is constrained by on-board energy. It is important to improve the efficiency of resources. Taking inter-beam interference of each beam into account, a joint power and bandwidth allocation algorithm based on different traffic demands and channel conditions over satellite downlinks is proposed, which increases the flexibility of the multi-spot-beam resource optimization. The algorithm adopts a two order differential object function and obtains a lower bound of the optimal power and bandwidth with Lagrangian duality theory and sub-gradient method. The simulation results show, compared with separate power and bandwidth optimization algorithm, the joint optimization algorithm can allocate system resource more flexible and satisfy different traffic demands and channel conditions. So it improves on-board resource utilization efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the important effects of gas-water relative permeability of coal and rock in the field of coalbed methane development geology, based on systematic literatures review, methods of gas-water relative permeability of coal and rock determination, the research progress both at home and abroad, influencing factors and experimental conditions were summarized and analyzed in this paper. In view of limitations in various methods and hysteretic research status, the influencing factors and restricting experimental conditions for -gas-water relative permeability of coal and rock were pointed out. Besides, some important directions for further studies of gas-water relative permeability of coal and rock were proposed aiming at providing reference information for coalbed methane effective development in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 2005, the nationwide universities have raised a high tide of experimental teaching demonstration center construction. After eight years of construction, the overall appearance of university laboratories have taken place remarkable changes. However, from the aspect of meeting the social demands and improving the students' learning, practical and innovation ability, there are still lots problems in constructing the coordination mechanism of theoretical teaching and practical teaching system, deepening the connotation construction of experimental teaching demonstration center. These problems are worthy of long-term exploration and practice. This paper takes Guangxi University as a case, from the school level, to introduce how to regard intensification, construct platform and reform course system. From the college level, we should encourage experiment center bringing forth more top-notch and creating features according to its own advantages, boosting the connotation construction and development of demonstration center. Construction of exquisite-characteristics projects can enhance the demonstration center's function at cultivating students' learning, practical and innovative ability, also at deepening the connotation construction of experimental teaching demonstration center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deeply researches a new training mode for mechanical undergraduates based on project bus. Aimed at satisfying the market demands for talented people, this training mode relies on the open experimental center and undergraduate professional tutorial system to help undergraduates practice their innovation ability and knowledge perceived from the books. It adopts the actual engineering Proo'ect Bus to organize its practice contents, with combination of knowledge extension and development process of proo'ect. It effectively makes up the mechanical undergraduates ' insufficient proo'ect development experiences and enhances their teamwork spirit. In addition, it resolves the key issues of the weakness of innovation ability and it makes remarkable achievements in theoretical research and practical exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, clinical data of 31 patients in childhood with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) were retrospectively analyzed. According to various imaging examinations (CT, MRI, CTA, MRA and DSA), 22 cases (70.97%) had definite causes, including 9 cases (29.03%) with intracranial arteriovenous malformation, 6 cases (19.35% ) with cavernous hemangioma, 3 cases (9.68% ) with hematopathy, 2 cases (6.45%) with tumor apoplexy, one case (3.23%) with intracranial aneurysm and one case (3.23% ) with moyamoya disease; 9 cases (29.03% ) had unclear causes. All cases were timely diagnosed and treated. Among all the patients, 23 cases (74.19%) were cured with good prognosis, 6 cases (19.35% ) improved, and the other 2 cases (6.45% ) died. Therefore, primary diseases should be timely treated as hematoma was removed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to shorten the time of fault detection of integrated navigation system and improve it's accuracy, this paper researched unscented Kalman filter(UKF) based on the theory of residual chi-square test, and presented improved UKF based on the hybrid filter. It divided the time update into two stages, to use the linear equation of state to get the one step prediction and generated the Sigma points according to the value, the one step prediction of measured value could be calculated by summing the weights of Sigma points, so it reduced the calculation. It did the fault detection using the improved algorithm and standard UKF in the GPS/INS integrated navigation models which contained faults. Simulation results show that the improved algorithm can detect the fault more quickly and improve the stability of the navigation system. The improved UKF plays an important role in the engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To investigate the expression and distribution of Claudin-1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and to evaluate the relationship with clinicopathological parameters. METHODS: The expression of Claudin-1 in 67 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and 10 specimens of oral pericancerous epithelium was detected by immunohistochemical staining method. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 13.0 software package. RESULTS: The expression of Claudin-1 in oral epithelium was strongly positive. The expression intensity was similar in well-differentiated tumors while Claudin-1 was mainly expressed in the cytomembranes. The expression in moderately and poorly differentiated tumors was located in cytoplasm with a trend of descending. Claudin -1 expression was prone to be enhanced in the interstitial fibroplasia regions and also in the regions of homeocyte aggregation. In OSCC, Claudin-1 expression was significantly related to clinical stage, histological grade and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The expression of Claudin-1 was greatly reduced in stage III+IV tumors compared to that in stage I + II ones. The expression in moderately and poorly differentiated tumors was significantly reduced compared to that in well-differentiated ones. Decreased expression was in cases with cervical lymph node metastasis compared with non-metastasis ones. CONCLUSIONS: Various expressions of Claudin-1 were found in different clinical stage and histological grade while the expression descended with the degrade of the differentiation degree, and the expression of Claudin-1 was influenced by the microenvironment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the test tube 'Duke' highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) seedlings having been transplanted to the field for 6 months as test materials, this paper studied the effects of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) on their growth, PS-photochemical activity, and antioxidant system under high temperature stress. Applying 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 mmol·L-1 of exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP) could alleviate the decrease of maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm), actual photochemical efficiency under light(ΦPSII), photochemical quench (qP), and nonphotochemical quench (NPQ) caused by high temperature, and prevented the damage of high temperature on photosynthetic apparatus. Comparing with the control, treatments NO decreased the leaf membrane permeability and MDA content, increased the SOD and CAT activities significantly, and promoted proline accumulation. Appropriate concentration SNP could significantly alleviate the damage of high temperature stress on highbush blueberry seedlings, and 0.5 mmol∙L-1 of SNP had the most satisfactory effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The principal way to solve workplace contradiction is group negotiation. At present, there exists a sharp contradiction between employees and the management. The trade union fail to play its role in group negotiation, and it is on the government that group negotiation for salary should depend. Government organizes, coordinates and supervises group negotiation. Chinese government should promote group negotiation by establishing a harmonious employer-employee relationship, setting up a systematic structure for group negotiation, enhancing legal construction of employer-employee relationship, raising the level of trade union, and improving the service to deal with the employer-employee relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Cleft lip and palate is the most common congenital malformations in oral and maxillofacial, which brings about physical and mental harm. miRNA plays a huge role in cell differentiation, development and disease organisms, to gain more and more attention of researchers. Our study focused on zhe relationgship between downregulated miRNA and cleft lip and palate. Methods: Through microarray analysis methods derived downregulated miRNA, MIRDB, TARGETSCAN-VERT and RNA22-HSA to predict target gene, to verify the candidate miRNA correlated with cleft lip and palate. Results: Drawn downregulated miRNA hsa-miR-3119, hsa-miR-3915 and other 13 miRNA. hsa-miR-3611 corresponding target genes GABRB3 and hsa-miR-164 target genes corresponding F13A1 reported in the literature which correlated with cleft lip and palate. Conclusions: hsa-miR-3611 and hsa-miR-164 are correlated with cleft lip and palate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to clarify the dominant factors controlling the coalbed methane (CBM) content in Liulin Mining Area, the paper focused on the hydrogeology and roof rock effects based on the analysis of sedimentology, burial depth, ash content, and other factors. The key roles controlling the CBM accumulation were acquired from the analysis of lithology combination within 20 m upon coal seams by methods of gray correlation, correlation analysis and other mathematical methods. Results showed that the gas content of No. 3+4 coal seam in Shanxi Formation was accompany with the general rules, and was dominated by the Sealing Effect (mudstone) in the roof lithology combination. And the CBM reservoir was pressure closing reservoir in continental strata. The No. 8 + 9 coal seams showed no direct connection with burial depth, ash content and roof rock. However, the gas content was closely related to the limestone thickness, and was controlled by the Dynamic Effect (limestone). The CBM reservoir was hydraulic closing reservoir in paralic strata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis of actual producing data, combined with the fluid inclusion studies, this paper analyzed the characteristics of water yield and its influence factors during CBM production in Liulin area from the paleo and present hydrogeology, production model and fracturing technology. The results show that the water yield in Liulin area comes from the common action of many factors. The coal seam roof sandstone aquifer of Shanxi Formation,in which the paleo-fluid presents detained feature, has relatively weak water yield property and its present water yield has a direct relationship with the distribution of fracture. The coal seam roof limestone aquifer of Taiyuan Formation has a communication with surface fresh water in the early stages,which has relatively strong water yield property. During the production by different model, under the influence of fracturing strength and the differential communication of coal seam with roof aquifer,the water yield shows gradual increasing by the order of model D,A,B,and C. We further point out that in order to depress influence of hydrogeology,some horizontal wells can be selected in proper area,the production of CBM can be carried out from northeast to southwest which is favorable for drainage and pressure lowering of coal seam, and fracture size can be decreased, especially the height of vertical fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intervention effect of astragaloside Ⅳ(AS-Ⅳ) on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E gene knockout(ApoE)~(-/-) mice was observed based on the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)/glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4) signaling pathway to explore the potential mechanism of AS-Ⅳ in improving ferroptosis in atherosclerotic mice. This study established an atherosclerosis mouse model by feeding them a high-fat diet. After modeling for 8 weeks, ApoE~(-/-) mice were randomly divided into the model group, AS-Ⅳ group, AS-Ⅳ+Nrf2 inhibitor(ML385) group, and ferrostatin-1(Fer-1) group. Additionally, a blank control group was also established. Corresponding drugs were administered via intraperitoneal injection, with the control group receiving an equivalent amount of normal saline injection as the model group. After the experiment, serum biochemical levels were measured using an automatic blood lipid analyzer, hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to observe morphological changes in aortic sinus tissues, colorimetric methods were used to detect levels of ferrous ion(Fe~(2+)), malondialdehyde(MDA), glutathione(GSH), and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in mouse serum, immunofluorescence was used to observe the expressions of ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1) and ferritin light chain(FTL) proteins in the aortic sinus of mice, Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and GPX4 in mouse aortic tissues, and transmission electron microscopy was used to observe ultrastructural changes in aortic tissues. RESULTS:: showed that compared to the control group, the model group of mice had significantly increased calcification and plaque deposition areas in the aortic sinus, increased mitochondrial membrane density, decreased or disappeared mitochondrial cristae, elevated levels of total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), Fe~(2+), and MDA, decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), SOD, and GSH, and significant inhibition of Nrf2, HO-1, GPX4 proteins, as well as iron storage proteins FTH1 and FTL expressions in the aorta. Compared to the model group, AS-Ⅳ treatment resulted in decreased serum TC, TG, LDL-C, Fe~(2+), and MDA levels, increased HDL-C, SOD, and GSH levels, increased expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, and GPX4 proteins, and iron storage proteins FTH1 and FTL, and significant improvement in aortic tissue morphology. Compared to the AS-Ⅳ group, the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 could reverse the therapeutic effect of AS-Ⅳ on atherosclerosis mice. These findings suggest that AS-Ⅳ can inhibit ferroptosis and improve atherosclerosis in ApoE~(-/-) mice, and its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling pathway.

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of prophylaxis on migraine without aura differentiated as liver yang hyperactivity undergoing acupuncture at the points selected using the "seven lines of the neck" method., Methods: Fifty-eight patients with migraine without aura of liver yang hyperactivity at remission stage were randomly divided into an observation group (29 cases, 3 cases dropped out) and a control group (29 cases, 4 cases dropped out). In the observation group, acupuncture was delivered at Dazhui (GV 14), Fengfu (GV 16), bilateral Fengchi (GB 20), Gongxue (Extra), etc., selected using the "seven lines of the neck" method. In the control group, conventional acupuncture was applied to ashi point, Sizhukong (TE 23), Shuaigu (GB 8), Taiyang (EX-HN 5) and others on the affected side. The treatment was given once every other day or every two days, 3 interventions weekly, for consecutive 8 weeks. Before treatment, after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, and after 4 weeks of treatment completion (follow-up visit), the days of migraine episodes, the frequency of migraine episodes, the score of visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain intensity, and the score of migraine specific quality of life questionnaire (MSQ) were observed in the patients of the two groups. Before treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment, the score of TCM syndrome was observed. After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment completion (follow-up visit), the response rates of 50% reduction in the days and the frequency of migraine episodes were calculated in the two groups., Results: After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment and during follow-up visit, the days and the frequency of migraine episodes were decreased ( P <0.01) and VAS scores were declined ( P <0.01) when compared with those before treatment in the two groups. The days and the frequency of migraine episodes in the observation group were lower during the follow-up visit ( P <0.05) and VAS scores were lower after 8 weeks of treatment and during the follow-up visit ( P <0.05) when compared with those in the control group. After 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, and during follow-up visit, the scores of "role function-preventive" and "emotional function" of MSQ were increased in comparison with those before treatment in the observation group ( P <0.05). After 8 weeks of treatment and during the follow-up visit, the scores of "role function-restrictive" of MSQ were increased in comparison with those before treatment in the observation group ( P <0.05), and the scores of "role function-restrictive" "role function-preventive" and "emotional function" were higher when compared with those before treatment in the control group ( P <0.05). After 8 weeks of treatment, the scores of TCM syndrome were decreased in comparison with those before treatment in the two groups ( P <0.01). In the observation group, the response rate of 50% reduction in the days of migraine episodes after 8 weeks of treatment and that of the frequency of migraine episodes during the follow-up visit were higher than those of the control group ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Acupuncture at the points selected using the "seven lines of the neck" method can reduce the days and frequency of migraine episodes and pain intensity, ameliorate the syndrome of TCM and improve the quality of life of the patients with migraine without aura of liver yang hyperactivity.

Objective To analyze the research progress and hot topics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from 2018 to 2022.Methods The publications in the field of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from January 1,2018 to December 31,2022 were retrieved from Web of Science core collection database and included for a bibliometric analysis.Results A total of 6355 publications were included,with an average citation frequency of 7 times.The year 2021 witnessed the most publications (1406).The analysis with VOSviewer showed that the research on sudden death related to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,especially the predictive value of late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac MRI in sudden death,was a hot topic.In addition,gene detection and the new drug mavacamten became hot research topics.The United States was the country with the largest number of publications and the highest citation frequency in this field.Chinese scholars produced the second largest number of publications,which,however,included few high-quality research results.Conclusions Risk stratification and prevention of sudden death is still an important and hot research content in the field of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Chinese scholars should carry out multi-center cooperation in the future to improve the research results.

Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LDH) is a common and frequently-occurring disease, which usually causes lumbar and leg pain. Studies have shown that acupuncture can improve the symptoms of LDH patients. In the present paper, we summarize the progress of researches on the mechanisms of acupuncture underlying improvement of symptoms of LDH in recent 10 years from 1) delaying the intervertibral disc degeneration (by down-regulating the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase ［MMP］-3 and MMP-4, up-regulating the expressions of diosaccharides and polyglycoprotein, inhibiting apoptosis and promoting mitochondrial autophagy of nucleus pulposus cells, etc.), 2) maintaining spinal column stability (by relieving rachiasmus and improving lumbar flexor and extensor muscle strength, lowering the degree of polyfidus edema and fat infiltration, and restoring the biomechanics of the spine), 3) regulating inflammation (by inhibiting the production of proinflammatory factors and increasing the production of anti-inflammatory factors, etc.), 4) regulating immune response (by promoting the activity of T cells and other immune cells, lowering serum levels of MMP-3, transforming growth factor-β1 and prostaglandin E2, raising serum levels of IgA, IgG and IgM to improve immune function ), 5) modulating neural structure and function (by promoting myelin regeneration of sciatic nerve fibers, and reducing the edema of Schwann cells' cytoplasm and mitochondria, and improving neural ultrastructure, and sensory and motor functions of peripheral nerves, etc.), 6) relieving lumbar pain (by down-regulating expression of Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and activation of lumbar spinal cord glial cells, blocking nociceptive signal conduction, regulating the levels of pain-related factors, etc.), and 7) improving local microcirculation. These results may provide scientific evidence for acupuncture treatment of LDH.

In order to clarify the impact of no-tillage on the quality of farmland soil aggregates in China and promote the adaptive application of no-tillage practices， a Meta-analysis was conducted by collecting data from 116 published studies. The effects of no-tillage on aggregate size distribution， mean weight diameter （MWD）， and aggregate-associated C were studied. The results showed that compared with that under tillage， no-tillage significantly increased the proportion of macroaggregates （10.9%） and MWD （12.8%） and decreased the proportion of clay and silt （-15.5%） but had no significant effect on soil microaggregate and aggregate-associated C. The subgroup and Meta regression analysis showed that no-tillage significantly increased the proportion of macroaggregates in Northwest China （17.6%） and MWD in North China （15.4%）. In upland and clay loam， no-tillage increased MWD by 12.6% and 18.4%， respectively. The effect of no-tillage on increasing the proportion of macroaggregates increased with the soil pH. When straw returned， no-tillage significantly increased the proportion of macroaggregates （9.6%） and MWD （11.6%）， but no significant effect of no-tillage on aggregates was found after straw removal. Regarding test duration， short-term （ &lt; 5 a） no-tillage could significantly increase the proportion of macroaggregates， whereas long-term （ &gt; 10 a） no-tillage could improve the MWD. In different soil layers， no-tillage could only significantly improve the aggregate size distribution and MWD in topsoil （0-20 cm） but had no effect in subsoil （ &gt; 20 cm）. In summary， no-tillage could improve aggregate size distribution and stability but had no effect on aggregate-associated C. Production region， soil properties， field management methods， and other factors should be fully considered in production practice to effectively improve the quality of soil aggregates.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and immunological features of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients with positive anti-centromere protein B (CENP-B) antibody., Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the general clinical data, radiographic examination and labial salivary gland biopsy data, and serum immunological and biochemical data of patients diagnosed with pSS from January 2016 to August 2022 were evaluated. The included patients were divided into the anti-CENP-B antibody positive and negative groups. Intergroup differences were analyzed with SPSS 23.0 software. Subgroup analysis was further performed by dividing the anti-CENP-B antibody positive group into the single anti-CENP-B antibody positive and with other auto-antibodies positive groups to determine the characters related to anti-CENP-B antibody., Results: In this study, 288 patients with pSS were evaluated, including 75 patients with anti-CENP-B antibody positive and 213 with anti-CENP-B antibody negative. Univariate analysis showed that compared with the anti-CENP-B antibody negative group, the patients of the anti-CENP-B antibody positive group were older, had lower proportion of the patients with salivary gland enlargement and higher proportion of autoimmune liver disease. As for immunological indicators, the positive proportions of anti-SSA/Ro60, anti-Ro52, and anti-SSB antibodies were significantly lower. Moreover, the immunoglobulin (Ig) G and rheumatoid factor levels were significantly lower, while the IgM level was significantly higher in the patients of the anti-CENP-B antibody positive group. As for serum biochemical indicators, for the patients of the anti-CENP-B antibody positive group, the level of total protein (TP) was lower, the albumin/globulin ratio was higher, and the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were higher. Subgroup analysis showed that the levels of TP and IgA in the patients of the single anti-CENP-B antibody positive group were significantly lower than those of the patients with other autoantibodies positive group., Conclusion: The pSS patients with anti-CENP-B antibody positive have unique clinical and immunological features of lower disease activity, less likely to involve salivary gland, higher risk for autoimmune liver disease, and higher levels of liver function indicators. Anti-CENP-B antibody may be a marker for a distinct subset of polyautoimmunity in Sjögren's syndrome.

As a soil amendment, biochar has been widely used to ameliorate agricultural soil. To ensure the effect of biochar on the carbon sequestration of farmlands in China, a Meta-analysis was carried out via collecting published literatures. We quantitatively analyzed the response of biochar application to soil aggregates, aggregate carbon, and soil organic carbon to different experimental conditions. The results showed that the application of biochar significantly increased the proportion of soil macroaggregates(10.8%) and MWD(13.3%) but had no significant effect on soil microaggregates and silty-clay compared with those in the non-biochar-added treatment. Moreover, biochar addition significantly increased soil organic carbon content(56.9%), with the largest increased area in North China(39.4%), and enhanced intra-aggregate carbon contents of each particle size. Biochar could significantly increase soil organic carbon content under different experimental designs. Compared with that under non-fertilization, biochar combined with fertilization could also significantly improve soil structure and soil fertility. We also found that more than two years of biochar application significantly increased the proportion of macroaggregates(15.7%), MWD(21.2%), macroaggregate carbon(31.7%), and soil organic carbon(40.0%). Meanwhile, biochar produced from crop straw had better soil improvement effects than that of wood and sawdust. Biochar applied in high-nitrogen soil was more beneficial to improve soil stability. Thus, we concluded that biochar could meliorate soil structure and promote the accumulation of soil organic carbon, which was of importance for the fertility maintenance and improvement of the farmland.

This study investigated the acute toxicity of fermented Platycodonis Radix on mice and its effect on coughing in mice infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The maximum dosage(MAD) was used in the acute toxicity experiment on mice to observe the signs of mice. After 14 days, dissection, blood biochemical examination, and pathological tissue section observation were conducted. In the pharmacological experiment of fermented Platycodonis Radix, 60 healthy BALB/c mice, 30 males and 30 females, were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a carbetapentane group(0.013 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), and high-, medium-, and low-dose fermented Platycodonis Radix groups(5.2, 2.6, and 1.3 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), with 10 mice in each group. Except for the blank group, the mice in the other five groups underwent model induction by intranasally instilling 20 μL of 1×10~6 CCU M. pneumoniae for 3 days, and the mice in each group were orally administered the corresponding drugs for 7 days. Cough induction experiment was conducted to observe and record the cough latency and total cough count within 3 min for each group. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes in lung tissues. Immunohistochemistry was performed to observe the protein expression of transient receptor potential A1(TRPA1), calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP), and substance P(SP) in the lung tissues of mice in each group. Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was used to elucidate the changes in the mRNA levels of cough-related factors TRPA1, CGRP, and SP in mice treated with fermented Platycodonis Radix. No mice died in the acute toxicity experiment, and there were no changes in general behavior and major organ histopathological examinations. Compared with the blank group, there were no statistically significant differences in blood biochemical indexes. In the pharmacological experiment of fermented Platycodonis Radix, compared with the model group, the high-and medium-dose fermented Platycodonis Radix groups showed improved lung tissue structure of mice, with clear structure and regular tissue morphology. The qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical detection showed a decrease in the expression of TRPA1, CGRP, and SP in the fermented Platycodonis Radix groups. Fermented Platycodonis Radix can exert an inhibitory effect on cough by suppressing the expression of TRPA1, CGRP, and SP in lung tissues, thereby identifying the target of the drug.

Objective: To apply Bionano Saphyr visual full-length DNA optical mapping technology to the precise genetic diagnosis of hemophilia A carriers., Methods: For 2 suspected F8 gene deficiency female carriers who could not be diagnosed by conventional next-generation sequencing technology, the full-length DNA optical mapping technology was used to detect and scan the sample X chromosome full-length visual haplotype characteristic map, which was compared with the normal haplotype. The gene structure variation information of the samples was obtained by compare with DNA atlas library., Results: The average fluorescent marker length of the X chromosome DNA molecular where the F8 gene was located in the two samples was greater than 2.5 Mbp, and the average copy number was greater than 20×. After comparative analysis, one of the samples was a proximal inversion of intron 22 of the F8 gene, and another was an inversion of intron 22 accompanied by multiple deletions of large fragments., Conclusions: Bionano technology has a good detection rate for gene defects with large length and complex variation. In the absence of a proband or accurate genetic diagnosis results of the proband, the application of this technology to detect the heterozygous complex variant of the F8 gene is of great significance for the prenatal diagnosis and pre-pregnancy diagnosis of hemophilia carriers.

Objective: To investigate the application effect of sequential autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Auto-HSCT) with lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone (RVD) in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) evaluated by propensity score matching., Methods: The clinical data of 49 MM patients treated with RVD scheme and followed-up for 36 months in the hospital from January 2015 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and included in the control group, the clinical data of 54 MM patients who received RVD scheme and sequential Auto-HSCT scheme and completed 36 months of follow-up in the hospital during the same period were collected and included in the observation group. PSM method (1∶1, caliper value=0.01) was used to match the control group with the observation group based on baseline data and laboratory indexes, covariate equilibrium samples were obtained between groups (40 cases in each group). The clinical efficacy of patients in the two groups after 18 weeks of treatment was compared; the incidence of toxic and side effects during treatment of patients in the two groups was compared; the survival of patients in the two groups was compared after 36 months of follow-up., Results: The ORR and DCR in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared the incidence of fatigue, rash, thrombocytopenia, anemia and nausea of patients in the two groups, there was no statistical significant difference (P>0.05). After 36 months of follow-up (no loss during follow-up), 4 cases died from illness in the observation group, with a survival rate of 90% and an average survival time of 35.61 (95% CI: 35541-35.685) months, 10 cases died from illness in the control group, with a survival rate of 75% and an average survival time of 34.70 (95% CI: 34.559-34.832) months, the survival rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Sequential Auto-HSCT with RVD regimen in the treatment of MM can improve the short-term efficacy and increase the survival rate of patients, which will not increase toxic and side effects and has high safety.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical effect of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in children with hyper-IgM syndrome (HIGM)., Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 17 children with HIGM who received allo-HSCT. The Kaplan Meier method was used for the survival analysis of the children with HIGM after allo-HSCT., Results: After allo-HSCT, 16 children were diagnosed with sepsis; 14 tested positive for virus within 100 days after allo-HSCT, among whom 11 were positive for Epstein-Barr virus, 7 were positive for cytomegalovirus, and 2 were positive for JC virus; 9 children were found to have invasive fungal disease. There were 6 children with acute graft-versus-host disease and 3 children with chronic graft-versus-host disease. The median follow-up time was about 2 years, and 3 children died in the early stage after allo-HSCT. The children had an overall survival (OS) rate of 82.35%, an event-free survival (EFS) rate of 70.59%, and a disease-free survival (DFS) rate of 76.47%. The univariate analysis showed that the children receiving HLA-matched allo-HSCT had a significantly higher EFS rate than those receiving HLA-mismatched allo-HSCT ( P =0.019) and that the children receiving HLA-matched unrelated allo-HSCT had significantly higher OS, EFS, and DFS rates than those receiving HLA-mismatched unrelated allo-HSCT ( P <0.05). Compared with the children with fungal infection after allo-HSCT, the children without fungal infection had significantly higher EFS rate ( P =0.02) and DFS rate ( P =0.04)., Conclusions: Allo-HSCT is an effective treatment method for children with HIGM. HLA-matched allo-HSCT and active prevention and treatment of fungal infection and opportunistic infection may help to improve the prognosis of such children.

Objectives: To study the clinical features and prognosis of children with acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage (ALAL) under different diagnostic criteria., Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 39 children with ALAL who were diagnosed and treated from December 2015 to December 2019. Among the 39 children, 34 received treatment. According to the diagnostic criteria for ALAL by World Health Organization and European Group for the Immunological Characterization of Leukemias, the 39 children were divided into two groups: ALAL group ( n =28) and myeloid expression group ( n =11). The clinical features, treatment, and prognosis were compared between the two groups., Results: The 34 children receiving treatment had a 3-year event-free survival (EFS) rate of 75%±9% and an overall survival rate of 88%±6%. The children treated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) protocol had a 3-year EFS rate of 33%±27%, those treated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) protocol had a 3-year EFS rate of 78%±10%, and those who had no remission after induction with AML protocol and then received ALL protocol had a 3-year EFS rate of 100%±0% ( P <0.05). The children with negative minimal residual disease (MRD) after induction therapy had a significantly higher 3-year EFS rate than those with positive MRD (96%±4% vs 38%±28%, P <0.05). Positive ETV6-RUNX1 was observed in the myeloid expression group, and positive BCR-ABL1 , positive MLL-r , and hyperleukocytosis (white blood cell count ≥50×10 9 /L) were observed in the ALAL group. There was no significant difference in the 3-year EFS rate between the myeloid expression and ALAL groups (100%±0% vs 66%±11%, P> 0.05)., Conclusions: ALL protocol has a better clinical effect than AML protocol in children with ALAL, and positive MRD after induction therapy suggests poor prognosis. Hyperleukocytosis and adverse genetic changes are not observed in children with myeloid expression, and such children tend to have a good prognosis, suggesting that we should be cautious to take it as ALAL in diagnosis and treatment.