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Objective To explore the application value of mpMRI-TRUS multi-modal image fusion transperineal biopsy technique using electromagnetic needle tracking under local anesthesia combined with rapid paraffin-embedded section of small specimen in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Methods The clinicopathological data of 138 patients with PI-RADS score≥3 who underwent mpMRI-TRUS image fusion transperineal biopsy using electromagnetic needle tracking under local anesthesia were retrospectively analyzed. AI technology was used to fuse mpMRI and TRUS multi-mode images, and two-core targeted biopsies were performed on suspicious lesions, followed by 12-core systematic biopsies. The specimens obtained from targeted biopsies were sent for rapid paraffin-embedded section pathological examination, and the detection rates of csPCa were compared. Results The detection rate of csPCa in 138 patients was 71.01%. The detection rates of csPCa in targeted biopsies and systematic biopsies were 62.32% and 70.29%, respectively (P=0.20). The detection rate of combined biopsies was higher than those of targeted biopsies and systematic biopsies, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The detection rates of csPCa in targeted biopsies, systematic biopsies, and combined biopsies in patients with PI-RADS score 3 were 30.95%, 38.10%, and 40.48%, respectively; and the percentages were 52.94%, 61.76%, and 61.76% in patients with PI-RADS score 4, respectively; and the percentages were 90.32%, 96.77%, and 96.77% in patients with PI-RADS score 5, respectively, without statistically significant difference (all P>0.05). In the subgroups with PI-RADS scores of 3, 4, and 5, the missed diagnosis rates of csPCa by targeted biopsies were 23.53%, 14.29%, and 6.67%, respectively. Conclusion For patients with suspected prostate cancer and PIRADS v2.1 score≥3, transperineal biopsy using electromagnetic needle tracking combined with rapid paraffin-embedded section of small specimen can obtain pathological results rapidly and has good diagnostic accuracy. However, combined biopsy is still the most suitable method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer at present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) macrophage migration inhibitory factor antisense RNA1 (MIF-AS1) on the malignant biological behavior of prostate cancer (PC) cells by regulating the miR-423-5p/pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid reductase 1 (PYCR1) axis. Methods PC3 cells were cultured in vitro to knock down the expression of MIF-AS1 or down-regulate the expression of miR-423-5p. The expression of MIF-AS1, miR-423-5p and PYCR1 mRNA in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues and cells of PC patients were detected. The cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were detected and the expression of PYCR1 protein was detected by Western blot. The relationships between miR-423-5p, IF-AS1 and PYCR1 were verified. Results The MIF-AS1 and PYCR1 mRNA were observed to be highly expressed in the tumor tissues, while miR-423-5p was lowly expressed. Silenced MIF-AS1 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC3 cells and up-regulated miR-423-5p induced cell apoptosis (P < 0.05). Inhibition of miR-423-5p expression reversed the inhibitory effect of silencing MIF-AS1 on malignant behavior of PC3 cells (P < 0.05). miR-423-5p was correlated with MIF-AS1 and PYCR1 by targeted regulation. Conclusion Silencing MIF-AS1 may inhibit the expression of PYCR1 by up-regulating miR-423-5p, thereby inhibiting the malignant behavior of PC cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men, and radical prostatectomy (RP) is the primary treatment method for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. However, due to surgical trauma, patients undergoing RP often face postoperative complications such as sexual dysfunction and urinary incontinence, leading to varying degrees of decline in quality of life. Currently, there is a lack of standardized clinical guidelines for postoperative rehabilitation in these patients. To address this issue, the present consensus was developed using evidence-based medicine approaches, including a thorough review and evaluation of relevant literature, quality grading, and evidence synthesis. An initial draft was created and subsequently refined through expert meetings, discussions and Delphi surveys. This process involved three rounds of consultations with 29 experts from 24 different hospitals across various specialties, including urology, oncology, rehabilitation medicine, nutrition and psychology. The results were systematically summarized under the guidance of the Committee of Integrated Rehabilitation for Urogenital Tumors, Chinese AntiCancer Association, culminating in the formulation of the “Chinese expert consensus on perioperative integrated rehabilitation for radical prostatectomy (2024 edition)”. This consensus aimed to provide standardized integrated rehabilitation recommendations for patients undergoing RP, with the goals of improving postoperative recovery efficiency and reducing the impact of both short- and long-term complications on survival and quality of life. The consensus has been registered on Practice guideline REgistration for transPAREncy (PREPARE) with the registration number PREPARE-2024CN666. The consensus covers several key areas, including comprehensive perioperative assessment, application of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) principles, management and treatment of common postoperative complications, and psychological and social support for patients. Regarding perioperative assessment, the consensus emphasizes a thorough evaluation of patients’ physical and psychological conditions before surgery, including nutritional status, pelvic floor function and psychological state, to develop individualized rehabilitation plans and optimize preoperative preparation, thereby laying a solid foundation for postoperative recovery. The application of ERAS principles includes reducing preoperative fasting and fluid restrictions, improving perioperative management, providing preoperative education, and implementing psychological interventions, all of which effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and accelerate recovery. For common postoperative complications such as urinary incontinence and sexual dysfunction, the consensus recommends various rehabilitation measures, including pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and biofeedback therapy, to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. Additionally, the consensus underscores the importance of psychological and social support, advising comprehensive support for patients in the postoperative period. The publication of this consensus provides clinical practitioners with standardized guidelines for postoperative rehabilitation, which can enhance the recovery efficiency of patients undergoing RP, reduce the incidence of complications, and significantly improve the quality of life. As more clinical studies are conducted in the future, the content of this consensus will be continuously validated and refined, offering more comprehensive and personalized rehabilitation guidance for prostate cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of scutellarin(STR) on the proliferation and migration of human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) and its underlying mechanism. Methods PC-3 cells were divided into low-dose STR group, medium-dose STR group, high-dose STR group, colivelin (STAT3 activator) group, high-dose STR+colivelin group and control group. CCK-8 assay and colony formation experiments were applied to detect cell proliferation; Scratch experiment was applied to detect cell migration; Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the mitochondrial ultrastructure of PC-3 cells. The intracellular free Fe2+, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected by colorimetric method; RT-qPCR was applied to detect the mRNA expression of member 11 of solute vector family (SLC7A11), proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in cells; Western blot was used to detected p-STAT3 and GPX4 proteins in cells. Results Compared to control group, the mitochondrial structure of PC-3 cells in the low-dose STR group, medium-dose STR group and high-dose STR group was significantly disrupted. The A450 value, colony formation rate, scratch healing rate, PCNA, SLC7A11, MMP-9 mRNA expression, and p-STAT3, GPX4 protein all reduced. While Fe2+, MDA content, and that ROS level increased with dose-dependent way(P＜0.05). Compared with control group, the destruction of mitochondrial structure in cells from colivelin group improved; The A450 value, colony formation rate, scratch healing rate, PCNA, SLC7A11, MMP-9 mRNA expression and p-STAT3, GPX4 protein all increased, while Fe2+ MDA content, and ROS level decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with high-dose STR group, the damage of mitochondrial structure in PC-3 cells in the high-dose STR+colivelin group was reduced. The A450 value, colony formation rate, scratch healing rate, PCNA, SLC7A11, MMP-9 mRNA expression, and p-STAT3, GPX4 protein increased, while Fe2+, MDA content and ROS level decreased (P＜0.05). Conclusions The mechanism by of STR reducing proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells is potentially related to the inhibition of STAT3/GPX4 pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Näive CD4+T cells play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of immune response. In the effect of cytokines and costimulatory molecules, they differentiate into Th1, Th2, Treg and Th17. Increasing evidences indicated that Th17 and Treg cells produce a significant effect on immune stability, autoimmune disease and cancer. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is the most common type of prostatitis, accounting for 90%~95%, which is closely correlated with the progression of be‑ nign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. Benign and malignant diseases of the prostate share much similarity in immune microen‑ vironment. Thus, this review summarizs the latest research progress on the mechanism of Th17/Treg cells in prostatic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of raddeanin A (RA) on prostate cancer xenograft mouse model, and to explore its potential mechanisms. METHODS: (1) Western blot analysis was used to investigate the effects of different concentrations (0, 0. 5, 1, 2 and 4 µmol/L) of RA on the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) protein in prostate cancer cell lines PC-3, DU145 and RM-1. (2) Thirty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into blank group, low-dose RA group, and high-dose RA group, with 10 mice in each group. The mice in low- and high-dose RA groups were intraperitoneally injected with 2 and 4 mg/kg RA continuously for 24 d, respectively. Mouse body weight was recorded, and tumor volume and weight were measured. Immunohistochemistry experiments were conducted to detect the expression of Ki67 and PD-L1 proteins in mouse tumor tissues. Flow cytometry was used to determine the percentages of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and regulatory T cells (Treg), as well as the levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and granzyme B (GzmB) in tumor tissues. RESULTS: Treatment with RA significantly reduced the expression of PD-L1 in PC-3, DU145 and RM-1 cells (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). In vivo experiments showed that RA treatment led to significant decreases in tumor volume and weight (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Additionally, the expression levels of Ki67 and PD-L1 in tumor tissues were significantly r educed (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Furthermore, RA treatment significantly increased the percentages of CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells within mouse tumors, elevated the levels of IFN-γ and GzmB, and reduced the number of ac tivated Treg ( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). CONCLUSION: The RA exhibits potent inhibitory effects on tumor growth in a prostate cancer xenograft mouse model. Its mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of PD-L1 expression, increased infiltration of tumor-infiltrating T cells, and suppression of Treg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

177Lu- prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radio-ligand therapy has been approved abroad for advanced prostate cancer and has been in several clinical trials in China. Based on domestic clinical practice and experimental data and referred to international experience and viewpoints, the expert group forms a consensus on the clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer to guide clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of translocation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1) to the cytoplasm after glucose starvation and the effects of increased cytoplasmic translocation of hnRNPA2B1 on the survival of prostate cancer PC3 cells. Methods Human prostate cancer PC3 cells were divided into normal control group (cultured conventionally with glucose-containing medium, RPMI 1640 Medium) and glucose starvation group (cultured with glucose-free medium, RPMI 1640 Medium). The 2 types of cells were treated with deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA) combined with nicotinamide (NAM), AKT inhibitor BEZ235, si-NC transfection, and si-hnRNPA2B1 transfection, respectively. Cytoplasmic and nuclear protein separation, immunoprecipitation and Western blotting were used to detect changes in hnRNPA2B1 acetylation, total AKT protein and its phosphorylation level, and expression levels of hnRNPA2B1 in the cytoplasm and nucleus. CCK-8 assay was employed to observe cell survival in each group. Results After 3~5 h of glucose starvation treatment, the acetylation of hnRNPA2B1 protein was reduced (P < 0.01), and its cytoplasmic translocation was increased in PC3 cells (P < 0.01), which was accompanied by enhanced AKT phosphorylation and activation of the AKT signaling pathway. TSA/NAM treatment, BEZ235 treatment, and si-hnRNPA2B1 transfection all resulted in obvious increase in acetylation of hnRNPA2B1 protein when compared with glucose starvation treated cells (P < 0.01), which could inhibit the glucose starvation-mediated cytoplasmic translocation of hnRNPA2B1, suppress AKT phosphorylation, and consequently decrease the cell survival rate after glucose starvation (P < 0.01). Conclusion Glucose starvation can maintain the survival of PC3 cells by inducing the activation of the Ac-hnRNPA2B1-AKT signaling pathway.

ObjectiveTo explore the application value of mpMRI-TRUS multi-modal image fusion transperineal biopsy technique using electromagnetic needle tracking under local anesthesia combined with rapid paraffin-embedded section of small specimen in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. MethodsThe clinicopathological data of 138 patients with PI-RADS score≥3 who underwent mpMRI-TRUS image fusion transperineal biopsy using electromagnetic needle tracking under local anesthesia were retrospectively analyzed. AI technology was used to fuse mpMRI and TRUS multi-mode images, and two-core targeted biopsies were performed on suspicious lesions, followed by 12-core systematic biopsies. The specimens obtained from targeted biopsies were sent for rapid paraffin-embedded section pathological examination, and the detection rates of csPCa were compared. ResultsThe detection rate of csPCa in 138 patients was 71.01%. The detection rates of csPCa in targeted biopsies and systematic biopsies were 62.32% and 70.29%, respectively (P=0.20). The detection rate of combined biopsies was higher than those of targeted biopsies and systematic biopsies, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The detection rates of csPCa in targeted biopsies, systematic biopsies, and combined biopsies in patients with PI-RADS score 3 were 30.95%, 38.10%, and 40.48%, respectively; and the percentages were 52.94%, 61.76%, and 61.76% in patients with PI-RADS score 4, respectively; and the percentages were 90.32%, 96.77%, and 96.77% in patients with PI-RADS score 5, respectively, without statistically significant difference (all P>0.05). In the subgroups with PI-RADS scores of 3, 4, and 5, the missed diagnosis rates of csPCa by targeted biopsies were 23.53%, 14.29%, and 6.67%, respectively. ConclusionFor patients with suspected prostate cancer and PI-RADS v2.1 score≥3, transperineal biopsy using electromagnetic needle tracking combined with rapid paraffin-embedded section of small specimen can obtain pathological results rapidly and has good diagnostic accuracy. However, combined biopsy is still the most suitable method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer at present.

This review explains the role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, particularly in prostate biopsy, in the detection of prostate cancer. The use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of prostate cancer has also allowed its use in magnetic resonance imaging-guided biopsies, which according to many studies present high sensitivity and specificity in early diagnosis and staging, in patients with persistently high prostate-specific antigen levels despite previous negative prostate biopsies, and in the follow-up of patients under active surveillance. To perform a targeted prostate biopsy, three types of magnetic resonance imaging guidance are available: cognitive fusion, direct magnetic resonance imaging-guided biopsy performed within a tomograph (in-bore biopsies), and software coregistration of stored magnetic resonance images with real-time ultrasound using a fusion device, with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging findings digitally overlaid on real-time transrectal ultrasound images for targeted biopsy. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. Magnetic resonance imaging-targeted biopsy improves the quality of histological results compared with other approaches, with approximately 90% correct detection of significant index lesions. Correct staging allows the selection of the best therapeutic options, adequate evaluation of the prognosis, and reduction of the incidence of new biopsies and complications. The current objective is to make magnetic resonance imaging-guided biopsy increasingly available and standardize the technique to minimize inter-operator variability depending on the available system.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of preoperative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), interleukin-35 (IL-35) and metastasis-associated protein 2 (MTA2) for postoperative recurrence and metastasis in patients with prostate cancer. Methods A total of 160 elderly patients who received prostate cancer surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from June 2019 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the occurrence group (68 cases) and the non-occurrence group (92 cases) according to the presence or absence of postoperative recurrence or metastasis. The general data of the two groups were compared, and the correlation between NLR, IL-35 and MTA2 and the risk of postoperative recurrence and metastasis in patients with prostate cancer was analyzed by logistic regression. ROC curve was used to assess the predictive value of each index for the risk of postoperative recurrence and metastasis in patients with prostate cancer. Results There were significant differences in TNM grade, Gleason score, NLR, IL-35 and MTA2 between the two groups (P < 0.05) . Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR, IL-35 levels and MTA2 scores were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence and metastasis in prostate cancer patients after adjusting for multiple confounders (P < 0.05) . ROC curve showed that NLR, IL-35 levels and MTA2 scores had some predictive value for postoperative recurrence and metastasis in prostate cancer patients. Conclusion NLR, IL-35 levels, and MTA2 scores will have predictive value for the recurrence and metastasis of prostate cancer after surgery. They will play an important role in the early identification of high-risk patients for recurrence and metastasis after prostate cancer surgery and in improving patient prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of scutellarin(STR) on the proliferation and migration of human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) and its underlying mechanism. Methods PC-3 cells were divided into low-dose STR group, medium-dose STR group, high-dose STR group, colivelin (STAT3 activator) group, high-dose STR+colivelin group and control group. CCK-8 assay and colony formation experiments were applied to detect cell proliferation; Scratch experiment was applied to detect cell migration; Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the mitochondrial ultrastructure of PC-3 cells. The intracellular free Fe2+, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected by colorimetric method; RT-qPCR was applied to detect the mRNA expression of member 11 of solute vector family (SLC7A11), proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in cells; Western blot was used to detected p-STAT3 and GPX4 proteins in cells. Results Compared to control group, the mitochondrial structure of PC-3 cells in the low-dose STR group, medium-dose STR group and high-dose STR group was significantly disrupted. The A450 value, colony formation rate, scratch healing rate, PCNA, SLC7A11, MMP-9 mRNA expression, and p-STAT3, GPX4 protein all reduced. While Fe2+, MDA content, and that ROS level increased with dose-dependent way(P＜0.05). Compared with control group, the destruction of mitochondrial structure in cells from colivelin group improved; The A450 value, colony formation rate, scratch healing rate, PCNA, SLC7A11, MMP-9 mRNA expression and p-STAT3, GPX4 protein all increased, while Fe2+ MDA content, and ROS level decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with high-dose STR group, the damage of mitochondrial structure in PC-3 cells in the high-dose STR+colivelin group was reduced. The A450 value, colony formation rate, scratch healing rate, PCNA, SLC7A11, MMP-9 mRNA expression, and p-STAT3, GPX4 protein increased, while Fe2+, MDA content and ROS level decreased (P＜0.05). Conclusions The mechanism by of STR reducing proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells is potentially related to the inhibition of STAT3/GPX4 pathway.

177Lu-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen radioligand therapy (177Lu-PSMA-RLT) is an innovative treatment approach that precisely delivers β radiation emitted by 177Lu to prostate cancer cells, causing radiation damage to the tumor cells’ DNA and thereby eliminating the tumor. At present, it has been recommended for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) by many international and national authoritative guidelines and consensuses. However, there are no published clinical practice path and medication specifications for diagnosis and treatment in China. Therefore, the consensus was jointly initiated by Cancer Nuclear Medicine Committee of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and Chinese Association of Nuclear Medicine Physicians. Physicians from these two committees combined the existing results of 177Lu-PSMA-RLT registration study, real world data domestic and international clinical experience of radionuclide treatment, and gave recommendations in terms of indications, screening adverse reactions, follow-up and radiation safety by taking different levels of evidence as reference according to clinical evidence levels and grades of recommendation from the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. The purpose of this consensus was to provide physicians with reference for clinical application in the practice of 177Lu-PSMA-RLT for the treatment of prostate cancer based on existing evidence and lay the foundation for the development of subsequent industry-related guidelines.

Objective To assess the value of amide proton transfer (APT) imaging combined with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) derived indicators in the diagnosis of gray zone prostate cancer. Methods Clinical and MR imaging data of 128 patients with prostate cancer (30) or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, 98) undergoing prostate MRI in our hospital from June 2021 to March 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Patient's age, PSA and its derivative indicators, APTmax, APTmean and APTmin were compared between the two groups. Single and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the independent predictors of prostate cancer in gray zone. A nomogram model was established. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the above parameters and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated. Results There were significant differences in the prostate volume and PSA density (PSAD) between the 2 groups. The values of APTmax [(3.63±1.01)%], APTmean [(2.60±0.86)%], and APTmin [(1.53±0.92)%] in the prostate cancer group were significantly higher (P<0.004) than those in BPH [(2.82±0.80)%, (1.95±0.09)%, (0.96±0.76)%]. Single and multivariate analyses showed that prostate volume, PSAD, APTmax, and APTmin were independent risk factors for gray zone prostate cancer with AUC values of 0.781, 0.762, 0.772, and 0.731, respectively. The diagnostic AUC value of the nomogram model for gray zone prostate cancer was 0.856, which was higher than each independent predictor. Conclusion The prediction model of APTmax and APTmin combined with prostate volume and PSAD has highest diagnostic value in gray zone prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Hainan Medical University is the property of Journal of Hainan Medical College Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the predictive effects of sarcopenia on the prognosis of prostate cancer after comprehensive treatment and its value. Methods Literature data on the association between prostate cancer and sarcopenia up to October 2023 were retrieved from Pubmed and Embase databases. Literature screening, data extraction and quality evaluation were conducted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Stata 9.0 software (Stata Corporation, USA) was used for the Meta⁃analysis to evaluate the incidence of sarcopenia and its effect on the overall survival (OS) and progression⁃free survival (PFS) outcomes of prostate cancer. Results A total of 1,854 prostate cancer patients were included in 10 studies. Meta ⁃ analysis showed that the incidence of sarcopenia in prostate cancer was 60% (95%CI: 48%-72%). Subgroup analysis with different treatments modalities showed that the incidence of sarcopenia was 48% (95%CI: 28%-67%) in prostate cancer patients treated with chemotherapy/endocrine therapy and 77% (95%CI: 64%-89%) in the endocrine therapy group, and the incidence of sarcopenia in the other groups was 64% (95%CI: 45%-82%). Subgroup analysis of different types of prostate cancer showed that the incidence of sarcopenia was 64% (95%CI: 47%-80%) in the castration resistant prostate cancer group and 58% (95%CI: 0.37-0.79) in the metastatic prostate cancer group. Sarcopenia significantly shortened the OS (HR=1.53, 95%CI: 1.00-2.33) in patients with metastatic prostate cancer and PFS (HR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.21-3.61) in patients with chemotherapy/endocrine therapy for pros⁃ tate cancer. Conclusions The incidence of sarcopenia is high in prostate cancer, and can shorten the prognosis after prostate cancer treatment, especially for metastatic prostate cancer and the patients receiving chemotherapy and endocrine therapy, though large-size samples are needed for verification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To establish the pharmaceutical care pathways of nanoparticle albumin bound paclitaxel ( nab-PTX), so as to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. METHODS: Data of patients who used nab-PTX from Jan. 2020 to Jun. 2023 in the hospital were retrospectively analyzed and evaluated. The pharmaceutical care pathways of rational use of nab-PTX was established based on the instructions of nab-PTX, evidence-based medicine, and the real-world data of nab-PTX use in the hospital. RESULTS: Data analysis of 279 patients included in this study showed that 42 cases of metastatic breast were in line with the drug indications of nab-PTX, and 237 cases (84. 9%) were off-label. There were 209 off-label cases with evidence-based medical evidence (including cervical cancer, pancreatic cancer, stomach cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, ovarian cancer or fallopian tube cancer, esophageal cancer, endometrial cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma), which were evaluated as rational drug use. However, some off-label cases (oral cancer, mediastinal tumor, bone carcinoma, soft-tissue carcinoma, prostatic cancer, and malignant duodenal neoplasm) were evaluated as irrational due to insufficient evidence-based medical evidence. The most common adverse drug reactions of nab-PTX were myelosuppression and peripheral neuropathy, which were consistent with the drug instructions. The pharmaceutical care pathways of nab-PTX were established from various aspects, including pre-chemotherapy, chemotherapy, post-chemotherapy and follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Offlabel drug use of nab-PTX is common, and the management for application of nab-PTX should be strengthened. The development of pharmaceutical care pathways of nab-PTX can improve the work efficiency of pharmacists and ensure the safe and rational drug use of cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

177Lu-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen radioligand therapy (177Lu-PSMA-RLT) is an innovative treatment approach that precisely delivers β radiation emitted by 177Lu to prostate cancer cells, causing radiation damage to the tumor cells’ DNA and thereby eliminating the tumor. At present, it has been recommended for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) by many international and national authoritative guidelines and consensuses. However, there are no published clinical practice path and medication specifications for diagnosis and treatment in China. Therefore, the consensus was jointly initiated by Cancer Nuclear Medicine Committee of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and Chinese Association of Nuclear Medicine Physicians. Physicians from these two committees combined the existing results of 177Lu-PSMA-RLT registration study, real world data domestic and international clinical experience of radionuclide treatment, and gave recommendations in terms of indications, screening adverse reactions, follow-up and radiation safety by taking different levels of evidence as reference according to clinical evidence levels and grades of recommendation from the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine. The purpose of this consensus was to provide physicians with reference for clinical application in the practice of 177Lu-PSMA-RLT for the treatment of prostate cancer based on existing evidence and lay the foundation for the development of subsequent industry-related guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of circ_;0007059 on malignant biological behavior of prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Methods The cancer tissue and paracancerous tissue specimens of 41 prostate cancer patients in our hospital from May 2017 to 2020 were selected. In vitro culture of prostate cancer LNCaP cells, plasmid transfection was used to overexpress/knockdown circ_;0007059 expression, inhibit miR-1303 expression, and up-regulate circ_;0007059 and miR-1303 expression, respectively. After transfection, circ_;0007059 and miR-1303 expression, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, Ki-67, MMP-2, MMP-9 protein expression were detected, and the targeting relationship between circ_;0007059 and miR-1303 was verified. Results The expression of circ_;0007059 in prostate cancer tissue was decreased, and the expression of miR- 1303 was increased (P < 0. 05). After circ_;0007059 overexpression or inhibition of miR-1303 expression, the LNCaP cells viability, migration and invasion ability and Ki--57, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein levels was decreased. circ_;0007059 targets and regulates miR-1303 ; up-regulation of miR-1303 reversed the effects of circ_;0007059 overexpression on LNCaP cells. Conclusions Overexpression of circ _;0007059 can inhibit the malignant biological behavior of LNCaP cells, and the mechanism may be related to the targeted down-regulation of miR-1303. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prostate cancer（PCa）is the second most common malignancy among men worldwide. A more comprehensive and integrated approach is needed for its early screening, auxiliary diagnosis, risk stratification, treatment guidance, and efficacy assessment. Radiomics, a technique that extracts and analyzes image features in a quantitative and high⁃throughput manner, has shown significant clinical value in the non⁃invasive diagnosis, aggressiveness assessment, treatment efficacy, and prognosis evaluation of PCa. With the rapid development of imaging modalities and artificial intelligence technologies, radiomics has tremendous potential. This article reviews the existing researches on radiomics based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography/computed tomography, computed tomography, ultrasound and other imaging modalities in PCa, emphasizing its potential in future applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, multiple parameter MRI（mpMRI）is the preferred imaging modality for the non⁃invasive detection, localization, and staging of prostate cancer. However, the interpretation of mpMRI images relies on the experience and subjective judgment of the reader, leading to potential diagnostic bias. Quantitative MRI techniques can provide a more objective and precise interpretation for the pathophysiological characteristics of prostate lesions. Traditional quantitative techniques include DTI, DKI, IVIM and T2 mapping, but their limitations restrict their widespread clinical utility. Nevertheless, synthetic MRI has emerged as a novel quantitative technique that enables the acquisition of multiple sets of absolute measurements based on histopathophysiological properties in a single scan. With its high scanning efficiency and error tolerance rate, synthetic MRI holds promising clinical prospects in prostate cancer. This review discusses the clinical applications of both traditional and novel quantitative MRI techniques in prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the predictors of biochemical recurrence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Methods The study cohort consisted of 416 consecutive prostatecancer patients who underwent radical prostatectomy in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University between Jan 2016 and Jun 2018. No patient received adjuvant therapy until documented biochemical recurrence. Biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCRFS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were utilized to determine variables predictive of biochemical recurrence. Results The median follow-up period was 174 weeks (inter quartile range 133-209 weeks). The overall biochemical recurrence rate was 21.39% (88/416). The time to biochemical recurrence was (51.11±47.71) weeks. Until the end of follow-up, the biochemical recurrence rates were 10% (1/10), 6.12% (3/49), 16.41% (43/262) and 43.16% (41/95) for low-risk, medium-risk, high-risk and locally advanced prostate cancer, respectively. On multivariable analysis, tumor invasion of the seminal vesicles (HR: 2.119, 95%CI: 1.154-3.891, P=0.016); Seminal vesicle invasion (HR: 1.824, 95%CI: 1.034-3.220, P=0.038), Gleason score≥8 (HR: 2.746, 95%CI: 1.268-5.943, P=0.010), prostate-specific antigen (PSA)= 10-20 ng/mL (HR: 4.240, 95%CI: 2.550-7.050, P<0.001); PSA>20 ng/mL (HR: 6.341, 95%CI: 3.296-12.202, P<0.001)were the main predictors of biochemical recurrence. Conclusion Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy provides effective control of biochemical recurrence during the mid-term follow-up period. Tumor invasion of the seminal vesicles, seminal vesicle invasion, GS≥8, PSA=10-20 ng/mL, PSA >20 ng/mL were important predictors of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among men [1, 2]. In recent years, a number of prognostic models based on texture analysis of biparametric magnetic resonance images have been created. The research has shown that radiomics features extracted from apparent diffusion coefficient maps are the most reproducible [3]. However, the models were limited in accuracy, since they are built using a single machine learning algorithm, which takes into account only linear dependences [4–6]. AIM: Increasing the accuracy of a prognostic model diagnosing prostate cancer through the use of stacking machine learning algorithms that takes into account not only linear, but also nonlinear dependencies based on radiomics of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging apparent diffusion coefficient maps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center cohort retrospective study of patients with suspected prostate cancer was conducted in the X-ray Diagnostics and Tomography Department of the United Hospital and Polyclinic (Moscow, Russia) from 2017 to 2023. The presence of prostate cancer was confirmed by biopsy or radical prostatectomy. Statistical analyses was performed using Python 3.11. RESULTS: The study involved 67 men aged 60 [54; 66] years, of which 57 were diagnosed with prostate cancer, and 10 — with benign prostate formation. The LIFEx software identified 96 radiomic features. Statistically significant differences were found for: PARAMS_ZSpatialResampling (the voxel size of the image: Z dimension) (p=0.001), SHAPE_Sphericity[onlyFor3DROI] (how spherical a Volume of Interest is) (p=0.006), SHAPE_Compacity[onlyFor3DROI] (how compact the Volume of Interest is) (p=0.004), GLRLM_HGRE (p=0.039), GLRLM_SRHGE (p=0.041), GLRLM_RLNU (p=0.039), where GLRLM — Grey-Level Run Length Matrix. Univariate logistic regression showed that SHAPE_Compacity[onlyFor3DROI] (R2=15%) and PARAMS_ZSpatialResampling (R2=18%) had a statistically significant effect on the outcome. First, using the multivariate logistic regression method, a prognostic model was built that takes into account only linear dependencies. The model includes 3 features that together have a statistically significant effect on the outcome (R2=23%): SHAPE_Sphericity[onlyFor3DROI], PARAMS_ZSpatialResampling and GLRLM_RLNU. To describe nonlinear relationships, another model was built based on the “Decision Tree” algorithm. It included 4 indicators (R2=58%): DISCRETIZED_HISTO_Entropy_log10 (the randomness of the distribution), SHAPE_Sphericity[onlyFor3DROI], PARAMS_ZSpatialResampling and GLRLM_SRE. Stacking of algorithms, which consists of calculating the arithmetic mean between the predictions of the multivariate logistic regression and “Decision Tree” algorithms, made it possible to construct a model that takes into account both linear and nonlinear dependencies. The model includes 5 features (R2=77%). The constructed model formed the basis of the developed calculator program [7], currently introduced into a radiology practice. CONCLUSION: The new model built on the basis of apparent diffusion coefficient maps performs better (area under ROC-curve 99.0% [97.7; 100.0]) than the existing models with area under ROC-curve 83.6% [78.3; 88.9], which also show high heterogeneity (I2=71%). The accuracy of the new model was increased due to the use of stacking machine learning technologies, which made it possible to take into account both linear and nonlinear effects from features on the outcome.

Objective·To investigate the impact of KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) on the proliferation of prostate cancer cells and the regulation of downstream gene expression, and explore the potential role and mechanism of KHSRP in the transition of prostate cancer from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent.Methods·Recombinant lentivirus was used to infect androgen-dependent prostate cancer LNCaP cells and androgen-independent prostate cancer DU145 cells to establish stable cell lines with functional deficiency/acquisition of KHSRP, and the functional differences of KHSRP between the two cell types were compared. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of KHSRP, androgen receptor (AR), and ankyrin 3 (ANK3) in the stable cell lines. Cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, and mouse xenograft assay were performed to assess the impact of KHSRP on the proliferation ability of LNCaP cells. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to identify downstream genes affected by KHSRP, and the mRNA expression levels of these genes were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). The expression of ANK3 and KHSRP in prostate tissue samples and the difference of ANK3 expression in different prostate cancer cell lines were analyzed by combining Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases.Results·GEO data analysis showed that KHSRP was upregulated in prostate cancer tissues compared to benign prostate tissues, suggesting its association with prostate tumorigenesis. Cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, and mouse xenograft assay demonstrated a negative correlation between KHSRP expression and the proliferation ability of LNCaP cells, indicating that KHSRP can inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, with a stronger effect on LNCaP cells than on DU145 cells. Western blotting and RT-qPCR analysis of the stable LNCaP cell lines showed that KHSRP overexpression led to a decrease in AR protein level without affecting its mRNA level, suggesting that KHSRP can indirectly regulate AR protein level. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR results showed KHSRP was positively correlated with the expression of ANK3, a regulatory factor affecting AR protein stability, and subsequent Western blotting confirmed an increase in ANK3 protein expression after KHSRP overexpression. TCGA data analysis further supported the correlation between KHSRP and ANK3 mRNA expression. Interestingly, according to CCLE and GEO data, the expression of ANK3 was closely related to prostate cancer malignancy.Conclusion·KHSRP may indirectly regulate AR protein stability through ANK3, thereby influencing the proliferation of androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells and mediating the altered responsiveness to androgen in prostate cancer cells.

Objective To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of osteoblast-derived exosomes on the biological properties of prostate cancer (PC) cells. Methods Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was induced to differentiate into osteoblasts, and then the exosomes were extracted from the supernatant of cell culture medium by ultracentrifugation and identified. Clone formation assay was employed to determine the effect of derived exosomes on the proliferation of PC cells, and PCR microarray was used to analyze miRNA changes after exosome treatment. Fluorescence labeling was applied to validate the transfer of miRNA between osteoblasts and tumor cells. The impact of key miRNA on the biological characteristics of PC cells was studied at the cellular and animal levels. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to explore the target genes of key miRNA and then further validated. Results Osteoblast-derived exosomes were successfully extracted and then identified. These exosomes significantly promoted the clonogenic ability of PC cells when compared with the cells without treatment (P < 0.05). PCR microarray showed that miR-223 might be a key molecule in this process. Membrane exchange experiments demonstrated the presence of membrane exchange between osteoblasts and PC cells, and miRNA FAM labeling displayed that miR-223 was transferred within above cells. Functional experiments indicated that overexpression of miR-223 enhanced the proliferation, anti-apoptosis, and migration/invasion ability of PC cells (P < 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis indicated that APC, an inhibitor of WNT signaling pathway, may be a target gene of miR-223, which was further confirmed that overexpressing miR-223 down-regulated APC expression. Rescue experiment showed that overexpression of APC reversed the promoting effect of miR-223 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC cells. Conclusion Osteoblast-derived exosomes are pro-carcinogenic factors in PC, and miR-223 may be a key molecule in exosomes, which plays a oncogenic role by regulating APC in PC cells.

Objective To observe the effects of microRNA-141-3p (miR-141-3p) and Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9) on the drug sensitivity and androgen receptor (AR) expression of prostate cancer (PCa) cells, and to verify the targeting relationship between miR-141-3p and KLF9 in order to explore the regulatory effects and mechanism of miR-141- 3p and KLF9 on the drug sensitivity of PCa cells. Methods Androgen-sensitive LNCaP cell line with AR expression was selected for this study. The cells were divided into low miR-141-3p expression group, normal miR-141-3p group, KLF9 overexpression group, and normal KLF9 expression group, respectively, which were transfected with the miR-141-3p-inhibitor, inhibitor-negative control (NC) group, KLF9 overexpression plasmid, and empty plasmid, respectively, using liposome transfection method. The cells were treated with different concentrations of bicalutamide (0, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 µmol/L) or docetaxel (0, 0. 2, 0. 5, 1. 0, 2. 5, and 5. 0 nmol/L). After 48 h of culture, cell OD value was detected by CCK-8, and cell proliferation rate was calculated to evaluate drug sensitivity. The expression of AR and AR-V7 of LNCaP cells was analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. TargetScan database was used to predict binding sites between miR-141-3p and KLF9. Then, the luciferase reporter gene experiment was used to verify the targeted regulatory relationship between miR-141-3p and KLF9. LNCaP cells were divided into groups A, B, C and D. Cells in the group A were transfected with wild-type KLF9 luciferase reporter gene plasmid (KLF9-WT) and inhibitor-NC；cells in the group B were transfected with KLF9-WT and miR-141-3p-inhibitor；cells in the group C were transfected with mutant KLF9 luciferase reporter gene plasmid (KLF9-Mut) and inhibitor-NC；cells in the group D were transfected with KLF9-Mut and miR-141-3pinhibitor. The relative luciferase activity of cells in each group was detected by dual luciferase reporter gene assay at 24 h after transfection. The inhibitory effect of miR-141-3p targetedly regulating KLF9 on the drug sensitivity of LNCaP cell was further examined by the rescue experiment. LNCaP cells were divided into groups a, b, c and d. Cells in the group a were transfected with si-KLF9 negative control (si-Ctrl) and inhibitor-NC； cells in the group b were transfected with si-Ctrl and miR-141-3p-inhibitor；cells in the group c were transfected with si-KLF9 and inhibitor-NC； cells in the group d were transfected with si-KLF9 and miR-141-3p-inhibitor. After transfection for 24 h, the cells were treated with 75 µmol/L bicalutamide or 2. 5 nmol/L docetaxel for 48 h, respectively. The OD value of the cells was detected by CCK-8, and the cell proliferation rate was calculated. Results LNCaP cells were cultured for 48 h. When no drug was added, the cell proliferation rate of the low miR-141-3p expression group was lower than that of the normal miR-141-3p expression group (P< 0. 05), and the cell proliferation rate of the KLF9 overexpression group was lower than that of the normal KLF9 expression group (P<0. 05). With the increase of bicalutamide or docetaxel concentrations, the cell proliferation rates decreased (all P<0. 05). Under the same drug concentration, the cell proliferation rate of the low miR-141-3p expression group was lower than that of the normal miR-141-3p expression group (P<0. 05), and the cell proliferation rate of the KLF9 overexpression group was lower than that of the normal KLF9 expression group (P<0. 05). The LNCaP cells were cultured for 48 hours. Compared with the normal miR-141-3p expression group without adding the drug, the relative expression levels of AR increased in the normal miR-141-3p expression groups added with 75 and 100 µmol/L bicalutamide (both P<0. 05), and the relative expression levels of AR-V7 increased in the normal miR-141-3p groups added with 50, 75, and 100 µmol/L bicalutamide (all P<0. 05)； the relative expression levels of AR and AR-V7 increased in the normal miR-141-3p groups added with 0. 5, 1. 0, 2. 5, and 5. 0 nmol/L docetaxel (all P<0. 05). The relative expression levels of AR and AR-V7 in the low miR-141-3p expression group were lower than those in the normal miR-141-3p expression group added with the same drug concentration (both P<0. 05), and the relative expression levels of AR and AR-V7 in the KLF9 overexpression group were lower than those in the normal KLF9 expression group added with the same drug concentration (both P<0. 05). TargetScan database predicted the existence of binding sites between miR-141-3p and KLF9. Dual luciferase report experiment showed that the relative fluorescence activity was significantly higher in the group B than in the groups A, C and D (all P<0. 05). Further rescue experiments showed that the cell proliferation rate of group d was significantly higher than that of the group b (P<0. 05), and was significantly lower than that of the group c (P<0. 05), but there was no significant difference between group d and group a (P>0. 05). Conclusions Low expression of miR-141-3p or overexpression of KLF9 can enhance the drug sensitivity and inhibit the expression of AR and AR-V7 in LNCaP cells. MiR-141-3p and KLF9 have a targeted relationship. The inhibitory effect of miR-141-3p targeting KLF9 on drug sensitivity of LNCaP cells may be achieved by promoting the expression of AR-V7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the incidence trend of cancer from 2015 to 2020 in Sichuan Province and provide a reference for prevention and control of cancer. Methods Based on the cancer-related case information data on the Homepage of medical records in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2020, the crude incidence rate was calculated, and the average annual change percentage (AAPC) of incidence rates was analyzed with Joinpoint 4.2.0.1. Results The new cancer cases in Sichuan Province increased from 181 490 in 2015 to 276 770 in 2020, and the incidence rate increased from 198. 57/105 in 2015 to 304.76/105 in 2020. From 2015 to 2020, the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was 7.514%, 6.751%, 8.611%, 4.713%, and 6.838%, respectively. The incidence of cancer in the Chengdu Plain Economic Zone and the Northwest Sichuan Ecological Economic Zone showed a rising trend, AAPC values with statistical significancebeing 7.549% and 9. 668%, respectively. From 2015 to 2020, the incidence rate of lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer and prostate cancer in Sichuan Province showeda rising trend, with AAPC values of 11.220% (95% CI; 5.866-16.845), 6.606% (95% CI: l.395-13.202), 6.322% (95% CI: 1.411-11.472), 5.765% (95% CI: l.431-10.284) and 13. 222% (95% CI : 7.396-19.364), respectively. Conclusion The incidence of cancer in Sichuan Province shows a rising trend, and the prevention and control situation is grim. Lung cancer, digestive system cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer and prostate cancer are the dominant cancer types in Sichuan Province, and specific prevention, control and screening should be strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pro,state cancer is the .second most common cancer in men and the fifth leading cau.se of cancer deaths in men.Although there is an initial response to traditional treatments which include radical prostatectomy, chemotherapy, androgen deprivation therapy, and so on, some patients eventually progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer. The human immune system can perform a monitoring function to kill tumor cells promptly, however,tumor cells also express PD-L1 as they evolve, which binds to PD-1 on T cells and can inhibit T cell function, ultimately inducing immune evasion. The in-depth study of PD-1/PD-L1 in the mechanism of immune evasion in prostate cancer may provide new therapeutic strategies for the future application of PD-1/ PD-L1-based immunotherapy in prostate cancer treatment. In this paper, we will review the latest research progress of PD-1/ PD-L1 in prostate cancer immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rising prevalence of prostate cancer, more early prostate cancers are detected. Radical prostatectomy remains the conventional treatment for localized prostate cancer. Although it has good oncological effect, it is also accompanied by many serious side effects, which significantly affect the physical and mental health of patients. With the deepening understanding of prostate cancer and the development o£ technology, focal treatment of prostate cancer has come true. Recently, transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound technology has been introduced in China. This article aims to review the operating principle, application and clinical eflGcacy of this technology in prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1), circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and albumin/alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) and postoperative biochemical recurrence in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). Methods: 169 patients with LRP admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2018 to July 2020 were selected, and they were divided into biochemical recurrence group and non-biochemical recurrence group according to the occurrence of postoperative biochemical recurrence. Serum HMGB1, peripheral blood CTCs were detected, and AAPR was calculated. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative biochemical recurrence in patients with LRP, and the predictive value of serum HMGB1, CTCs and AAPR for postoperative biochemical recurrence in patients with LRP was analyzed by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. Results: After 2 years of follow-up, the incidence rate of postoperative biochemical recurrence in 169 patients with LRP was 25.44% (43/169). Compared with non-biochemical recurrence group, serum HMGB1 and CTCs in the biochemical recurrence group were higher, and AAPR was lower (P＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Clinical stage T2 stage, prostate specific antigen (PSA) > 20 ng/mL, elevated HMGB1 and CTCs, Gleason score 8 scores were independent risk factors for postoperative biochemical recurrence in patients with LRP. The elevated free prostate specific antigen/total prostate specific antigen (fPSA/tPSA) and AAPR were independent protective factors (P＜0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve predicted by serum HMGB1 combined with CTCs and AAPR for postoperative biochemical recurrence in LRP patients was 0.881, which was greater than that predicted by HMGB1, CTCs, and AAPR alone. Conclusion: Serum HMGB1, CTCs and AAPR are independently correlated with postoperative biochemical recurrence in patients with LRP. Serum HMGB1 combine with CTCs and AAPR has a high value in predicting postoperative biochemical recurrence in patients with LRP, and which may be an auxiliary predictor of postoperative biochemical recurrence in patients with LRP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective·To investigate the impact of KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KHSRP) on the proliferation of prostate cancer cells and the regulation of downstream gene expression, and explore the potential role and mechanism of KHSRP in the transition of prostate cancer from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent. Methods·Recombinant lentivirus was used to infect androgen-dependent prostate cancer LNCaP cells and androgen-independent prostate cancer DU145 cells to establish stable cell lines with functional deficiency/acquisition of KHSRP, and the functional differences of KHSRP between the two cell types were compared. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of KHSRP, androgen receptor (AR), and ankyrin 3 (ANK3) in the stable cell lines. Cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, and mouse xenograft assay were performed to assess the impact of KHSRP on the proliferation ability of LNCaP cells. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to identify downstream genes affected by KHSRP, and the mRNA expression levels of these genes were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). The expression of ANK3 and KHSRP in prostate tissue samples and the difference of ANK3 expression in different prostate cancer cell lines were analyzed by combining Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Results·GEO data analysis showed that KHSRP was upregulated in prostate cancer tissues compared to benign prostate tissues, suggesting its association with prostate tumorigenesis. Cell proliferation assay, colony formation assay, and mouse xenograft assay demonstrated a negative correlation between KHSRP expression and the proliferation ability of LNCaP cells, indicating that KHSRP can inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, with a stronger effect on LNCaP cells than on DU145 cells. Western blotting and RT-qPCR analysis of the stable LNCaP cell lines showed that KHSRP overexpression led to a decrease in AR protein level without affecting its mRNA level, suggesting that KHSRP can indirectly regulate AR protein level. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR results showed KHSRP was positively correlated with the expression of ANK3, a regulatory factor affecting AR protein stability, and subsequent Western blotting confirmed an increase in ANK3 protein expression after KHSRP overexpression. TCGA data analysis further supported the correlation between KHSRP and ANK3 mRNA expression. Interestingly, according to CCLE and GEO data, the expression of ANK3 was closely related to prostate cancer malignancy. Conclusion·KHSRP may indirectly regulate AR protein stability through ANK3, thereby influencing the proliferation of androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells and mediating the altered responsiveness to androgen in prostate cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the clinical value of methylation at promoter sites of urine protein kinase Y-linked (PRKY) gene in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer(PCa). Methods Urine samples were collected from 50 suspected PCa patients. After extracting DNA, the methylation levels of the PRKY gene promoter sites cg05163709, cg08045599, and cg05618150 were detected using quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP). Simultaneously, the patients were divided into the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) group and the PCa group. The differences in clinical indicators between the two groups were analyzed, as well as the methylation status of the PRKY gene promoter sites in the urine of the two groups of patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of PRKY promoter sites methylation was established, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to analyze the diagnostic value of PRKY promoter sites methylation in PCa, and to perform combined diagnosis with clinical indicators. Results The methylation rates of cg05163709 and cg05618150 in urine specimens of PCa patients were significantly higher than those of BPH patients. The AUC for cg05163709 methylation in diagnosing PCa was 0.762, with a sensitivity of 86.70%. It showed better performance in early screening for PCa compared to total prostate specific antigen (tPSA), percentage free prostate specific antigen(f/tPSA)and prostate specific antigen density (PSAD)index. We found that the AUC for cg05618150 methylation in conjunction with PSAD in diagnosing PCa was 0.787, with a sensitivity of 86.70%. The AUC of cg05163709 methylation and PSAD in the joint diagnosis of PCa was 0.855, and the specificity could reach 95.00%. Conclusion The methylation of urine PRKY gene promoter sites cg05163709 and cg05618150 shows high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing PCa, making them promising biomarkers for early detection of PCa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Based on network pharmacology and WGCNA methods, to explore the potential targets of Epimedium in the treatment of prostate cancer, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of prostate cancer. Methods The active components of Epimedium and their corresponding target genes were obtained by TCMSP, ETCM database and 2020 edition of Pharmacopoeia. R language was used to analyze the difference of data set GSE46602. WGCNA screened the key genes of prostate cancer and obtained the target genes of Epimedium-prostate cancer intersection. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were further performed. STRING and Cytoscape software were used to construct protein interaction network and drug active ingredient-target-pathway-disease network. UALCAN website and GEPIA database were used to verify the correlation between key genes and Gleason grade. Results There were 31 effective active components of Epimedium, 228 corresponding target genes, and 9 potential targets of Epimedium against prostate cancer. GO analysis showed that disease intersection genes were enriched in gland development, VEGF-A complex and other processes, and KEGG pathway enrichment showed that they were mainly enriched in chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation, VEGF signaling pathway and other pathways. Drug-active ingredient-common target-pathway-disease network analysis Epimedium core activity became quercetin, luteolin and kaempferol; UALCAN analysis showed that the expression of intersection genes was significantly correlated with Gleason grade. GEPIA database verification showed that the expression of VEGFA, PGR, AKR1B1 and GSTM1 genes was decreased in prostate cancer tissues. Conclusion VEGFA, PGR, AKR1B1 and GSTM1 genes are the main targets of Epimedium anti-prostate cancer. The core activity of Epimedium in the treatment of prostate cancer is quercetin, luteolin and kaempferol, which may play a role in the treatment of prostate cancer through VEGF signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the correlation of Wnt5a expression and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in prostate cancer tissues, and analyze their relationships with cancer stem cells (CSCs) characteristics and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Methods Immunohistochemistry was conducted to detect the expression of Wnt5a in 50 prostate cancer tissues and 50 benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues. The expression levels of CD133, vimentin, and E-cadherin were detected in the prostate cancer tissues, and CD34/PAS double staining was used to detect VM structures. We analyzed the difference in Wnt5a level between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues, the clinical significance of Wnt5a and VM, the relationship of Wnt5a expression and VM, and the relationships of Wnt5a expression and VM with CD133, Vimentin, E-cadherin. Results The expression of Wnt5a was significantly higher in prostate cancer tissues than in benign prostatic hyperplasia (P < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between Wnt5a expression and VM (P < 0.05). The expression levels of Wnt5a and VM were positively correlated with those of CD133 and vimentin (P < 0.05). Wnt5a expression and VM were positively correlated with Gleason score, vas deferens invasion and lymphatic metastasis (P < 0.05) of prostate cancer, and VM was also positively correlated with T stage of prostate cancer (P < 0.05). Conclusion The expression level of Wnt5a in prostate cancer tissues is elevated and positively related with VM formation. Wnt5a expression and VM are correlated with cancer stem cells characteristics and the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition marker proteins.

Objective To assess the causal relationship between coffee intake and prostate cancer risk by using the two-sample Mendel randomization (MR) method. Methods The genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on coffee intake (exposure) and prostate cancer (outcome) were obtained from two independent data sets in UK Biobank. The inverse variance weighted method (IVW), weighted median estimator method (WME), and MR-Egger method were used for MR analyses. The OR value and 95%CI were used to represent the association between coffee intake and prostate cancer. In addition, the MR-Egger method was performed for pleiotropic and heterogeneity tests, and the leave-one-out method was used for sensitivity analysis. Results A total of 38 SNP were selected as instrumental variables. The IVW method showed that coffee intake might reduce the risk of prostate cancer (OR=0.994; 95%CI: 0.990-0.999; P=0.009). The WME method obtained the same conclusions (OR=0.991; 95%CI: 0.985-0.999; P=0.018), but MR-Egger regression did not find a causal relationship between coffee intake and prostate cancer (OR=0.992; 95%CI: 0.983-1.000; P=0.084). The MR-Egger method showed no pleiotropy (intercept=4.2E-5; P=0.581) or heterogeneity (Q=27.20; P=0.854) among the instrumental variables. The sensitivity analysis indicated that the conclusion was robust. Conclusion Two-sample Mendel randomization analysis reveals that coffee consumption might reduce the risk of prostate cancer.

Objective To explore the effect and safety of magnetic resonance imaging and transrectal ultrasound (mpMRI-TRUS) image fusion targeted transperineal biopsy technique using electromagnetic needle tracking under local anesthesia. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data of 81 patients with mpMRI-TRUS image fusion targeted transperineal prostate biopsy using electromagnetic needle tracking under local anesthesia. Visual analog scale (VAS) and visual numeric scale (VNS) were used to evaluate the pain level and satisfaction of patients during prostate biopsy (VAS-1 and VNS-1), one hour after puncture (VAS-2 and VNS-2), and one day after surgery (VAS-3 and VNS-3). The perioperative clinical data and tumor positive rate of postoperative biopsy were recorded. Results The average prostate volume of 81 patients was 53.39±29.46 cm3. The PSA values of patients with PI-RADS scores of 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 9.14±2.31, 9.95±4.10, 14.77±6.36, and 32.17±24.39 ng/ml, respectively. The scores of VAS-1, VAS-2, and VAS-3 were 1.70±0.73, 1.16±0.58, and 0.53±0.55, respectively; the scores of VNS-1, VNS-2, and VNS-3 were 2.74±0.44, 3.69±0.46, and 3.84±0.37, respectively. The average surgical time was 17.47±3.44 minutes. Postoperative pathological results showed that the tumor positive rate of targeted prostate biopsy was 64.20%. According to the PI-RADS score for subgroup analysis, the tumor positive rates of patients with PI-RADS scores of 2, 3, 4, and 5 were 21.43%, 44.44%, 61.11%, and 96.77%, respectively. After transperineal prostate biopsy, gross hematuria occurred in 19.75% patients, and urinary retention occurred in 3.70%. The latter were relieved after symptomatic treatment. All patients did not experience complications, such as perineal puncture area hematoma, urinary tract infection, hematospermia, hematoma in perineal puncture area, urinary tract infection, hematospermia, vagus nerve reaction, or septic shock. Conclusion For suspected prostate cancer patients, mpMRI-TRUS image fusion targeted transperineal biopsy technique using electromagnetic needle tracking under local anesthesia is a feasible and easily tolerated surgical procedure. It has good safety and high tumor positive-detection rate, indicating that this technique is worthy of further clinical promotion and application.

Objective To investigate the value of a radiomic model of multiparametric MRI different regions of interest (ROI) in assessment of the invasion of prostate cancer (PCa), and explore the evaluation value of an integrated model based on above radiomic model combined with radiomics, PI-RADS 2.1 score, and clinical variables. Methods A total of 245 patients with pathologically-confirmed PCa admitted to 2 medical centers in our hospital from May 2018 to September 2022 were collected in this retrospective study. Among them, 176 cases were collected in Yuzhong Medical Center, including 77 cases in the low invasive group [Gleason score ≤7 (3+4)] and 99 cases in the high invasive group [Gleason score ≥7 (4+3)]; 69 cases were collected in Jiangnan Medical Center, including 33 cases in the low invasive group and 36 cases in the high invasive group. All patients underwent multiparametric MRI, and then 2 types of ROI, the tumor region (TR) and the prostate gland (PG), were segmented on the multiparametric MRI images. Clinical variables related with PCa invasion were assessed, and PI-RADS 2.1 score was recorded for each patient. Logistic regression algorithm was employed as a machine learning method to develop following invasive stratification models for PCa: radiomics models (ModelTR, ModelPG and ModelPG+TR), Radiomics-Clinical model, Radiomics-PIRADS model, PIRADS-Clinical model and Radiomics-PIRADS-Clinical combined model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under ROC curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) were applied to compare the diagnostic efficacy and clinical benefit of each model. A nomogram was constructed by combining Radiomics score (Radscore), PI-RADS 2.1 score and independent clinical variables, and its performance was evaluated by calibration, differentiation and clinical application. Results In the above 3 radiomics models, the AUC value was 0.919 for ModelPG+TR, which was higher than that of ModelTR (0.874) and of ModelPG (0.887). And the AUC value of the Radiomics-PIRADS-Clinical combined model was 0.954, superior to that of the radiomics model (0.919), Radiomics-PIRADS model (0.921), Radiomics-Clinical model (0.919), and PIRADS-Clinical model (0.769) respectively, The nomogram model showed good performance (AUC=0.919) and calibration efficacy in risk stratification. DSA revealed that both the ModelPG+TR model and Radiomics-PIRADS-Clinical combined models achieved a higher net clinical benefit. Conclusion Our radiomic model of combining features of the prostate and tumor regions can more accurately assess the invasion of PCa, and our integrated model of combining radiomics, PI-RADS 2.1 score and clinical variables can further improve the assessment.

A novel PSMA targeting molecule ［177Lu］Lu-DOTA-CPN-PSMA with high uptake and long retention in prostate cancer was developed, in which DOTA was used as the bifunctional chelator, glutamic acid-urea-lysine(Glu-Urea-Lys) was used as the targeting group, and 4-(p-tolyl)butyric acid(CP) group together with quinoline ring were introduced at the linker of this molecule. The precursor DOTA-CPN-PSMA was synthesized using solid-phase peptide synthesis method. DOTA-CPN-PSMA was labeled with carrier-free 177Lu. The influences of pH, reaction time, temperature, and ratio of 177Lu/PSMA on the radiolabeling were investigated respectively, and the optimal labeling condition was determined accordingly. The lipid water partition coefficient and in vitro stability of ［177Lu］Lu-DOTA-CPN-PSMA were also measured. Preliminary SPECT/CT imaging study of ［177Lu］Lu-DOTA-CPN-PSMA was performed in nude mice bearing 22RV1 tumor and compared with ［177Lu］Lu-PSMA-I&T. The optimization of the labeling condition shows that the addition of gentisic acid is essential, and the reaction pH is at the range of 3.5-5.5, the reaction temperature and time is 60.94 ℃ and 5.15 min respectively, the ratio of 177Lu/PSMA(mCi/μg, 1 Ci=3.7×1010 Bq) is controlled at 1∶1-2∶1. The radiochemical purity reaches over 95%, and even up to 99%. The results of in vitro stability study show that the radiochemical purity is remained ≥95% after being incubated in saline and bovine serum at 37 ℃ for 24 h. So that the solution of ［177Lu］Lu-DOTA-CPN-PSMA is used for imaging study directly without further purification. The lipid-water partition coefficient of ［177Lu］Lu-DOTA-CPN-PSMA is -2.02, indicate that it is more lipophilic than ［177Lu］Lu-PSMA-I&T. Preliminary SPECT/CT studies reveal that ［177Lu］Lu-DOTA-CPN-PSMA is mainly metabolized through kidneys. Compared with images of ［177Lu］Lu-PSMA-I&T, higher uptake in prostate tumors and lower uptake in the kidneys are displayed. After 72 h, ［177Lu］Lu-DOTA-CPN-PSMA demonstrates longer retension in tumor than ［177Lu］-PSMA-I&T, but also displays longer retention in the body. These results demonstrate the potential of ［177Lu］Lu-DOTA-CPN-PSMA as a candidate for the treatment of prostate cancer and it is worth further study.

Objective: To investigate the value and significance of 18F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (18F-PSMA)-1007 PET/MR for early diagnosis of recurrence and metastasis in prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: A total of 143 patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy were enrolled during June 2019 to January 2022 in Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. All the patients underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/MR imaging within 12 to 60 months after surgery. According to the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, patients were divided into 5 groups（PSA≤0.2 ng/mL, 0.2 ng/mL

Objective·To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of the chromobox protein homolog 8 (CBX8) in prostate cancer metastasis from transcriptome and epigenetic modification perspectives.Methods·The correlation between the expression of CBX proteins and prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was examined through an analysis based on cBioPortal database. A stable CBX8 knockdown DU145 prostate cancer cell line was established via short hairpin RNA (shRNA) transfection. Subsequently, the proliferation and invasion of the CBX8 knockdown cells were analyzed by CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay, respectively. Transcriptome changes of the CBX8 knockdown cells were investigated through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) coupled with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). To further evaluate the functional implications of these transcriptomic alterations, Gene Ontology (GO) for functional analysis was deployed. Moreover, to identify potentially affected signalling pathways, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was utilized for pathway enrichment analysis. Lastly, the levels of H3K27me3, a key histone modification associated with CBX8, in the knockdown cells were determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq).Results·Bioinformatic analysis with cBioPortal database, based on TCGA-PRAD cohorts, unveiled a high CBX8 mRNA expression in PRAD. Knockdown of CBX8 did not significantly affect the proliferation of DU145 cells (P>0.05), but caused a a significant increase in their invasiveness (P

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the male reproductive system. Although strategies such as androgen deprivation therapy are effective in treating prostate cancer, most patients will eventually progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer for which there is no clinically effective treatment. Therefore, it is particularly critical to find new and more effective therapeutic targets. Many studies have shown that the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is closely related to the occurrence of tumors. It has been reported that miRNA-485-5p (miR-485-5p) functions as a cancer suppressor in most tumors, but its role in prostate cancer remains largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of miR-485-5p in the proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer. Bioinformatics prediction and qRT-PCR detection showed that the expression of miR-485-5p was down-regulated in prostate cancer. Transfection of miR-485-5p mimics could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells confirmed by plate cloning, Transwell and scratch healing experiments. Bioinformatics prediction, Western blotting and qRT-PCR detection confirmed that O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) is a direct target of miR-485-5p. Further examination showed that OGT was highly expressed in prostate cancer, and transfection with OGT siRNA could significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells and could effectively reverse the effect of miR-485-5p inhibitor. In summary, miR-485-5p can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells by negatively regulating OGT.The results of this study are helpful to further elucidate the role and mechanism of miR-485-5p in the development and development of prostate cancer, and can provide experimental basis for searching for therapeutic targets of prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the impact of Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein 3 (LAMP3) on th eproliferation, migration and angiogenesis of PC-3 cells. Methods LAMP3 expression in normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer bone metastasis cells was detected using western blot and RT-PCR. Stable LAMP3-silenced PC-3 cells were constructed, and the effects of LAMP3 on proliferation, invasion, and migration of PC-3 cells were assessed using CCK8, scratch assay, and transwell assay, respectively. ELISA and angiogenesis assays were employed to examine the expression of VEGF and MMP9, as well as angiogenesis of HUVEC cells induced by PC-3 cells. Finally, WB and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of VEGF, AKT/p-AKT. Results Our findings showed that the expression level of LAMP3 was significantly higherin prostate cellsthan in normal prostate epithelial cells, especially in PC-3 cells (P < 0.05). We also found that silencing LAMP3 could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC-3 cells, along with the expression of VEGF and MMP9 and the PC-3 cells-induced angiogenesis, and these results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Furthermore, LAMP3 downregulated the expression of VEGF and AKT/p-AKT in PC-3 cells. Conclusion LAMP3 can affect the proliferation, migrationand angiogenesis of PC-3 cells through the regulation of VEGF/AKT pathway. Thus, LAMP3 might be a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer bone metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Through bibliometric analysis, we conducted visualizations and analyses of published literature related to radiomics of prostate cancer to explore the research progress and frontier trends in this field. Methods The Web of Science Core Collection database for literature related to radiomics of prostate cancer were serached. Visual analysis of the literature was performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R language methods. Results A total of 519 articles were included for visual analysis. The study indicated that radiomics of prostate cancer is in a rapid development stage, with the United States having the greatest influence in this field. Although China has a large number of publications, its impact is insufficient. The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The University of Manchester, and the University of Cambridge are the institutions with the highest publication output. Professor BS Rosenstein has the most output and the most connections with other countries and institutions, making him the most influential researcher in this field. Currently, the hotspot in radiomics research of prostate cancer is the use of radiomics nomograms based on deep learning for diagnosis and predicting therapeutic efficacy. Conclusion The use of radiomics nomograms based on deep learning for the diagnosis of prostate cancer and prediction of therapeutic efficacy is expected to become a major trend in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic efficacy of PSMA-PET/CT in patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy. Methods A total of 50 men with de novo oligometastatic prostate cancer were retrospectively enrolled. All patients underwent PSMA-PET/CT and other assessments at baseline and received 4-6 cycles of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation combined with chemotherapy, followed by robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection under general anesthesia, after which patients continued to receive androgen deprivation therapy. The relationship between PSMA-PET/CT imaging and other clinical factors was compared, and the influence of each clinical factor on prognosis was analyzed using Logistic regression. Results There was no significant difference in SUVmax level between the PSA level groups and the ISUP score groups. There was a significant difference in SUVmax level between the pelvic confined group and extrapelvic group (21.01 vs. 47.06, P = 0.0059). Univariate Logistic regression showed that SUVmax ( OR = 1.032, 95% CI = 1.002-1.063, P = 0.040) and whether pelvic confined or not (based on PSMA-PET/CT) (OR = 5.630, 95% CI = 1.648-19.232, P = 0.006) were significantly associated with prognosis. Multivariate Logistic regression revealed that whether pelvic confined or not (based on PSMA-PET/CT) was an independent predicting factor of prognosis (OR = 3.879, 95% CI = 1.066-14.121, P = 0.040). Conclusion The PSMA-PET/CT can more accurately estimate the site of metastasis, and also predict the short-and medium-term post-operation prognosis outcomes to a certain extent, which provides a reference for the development of individualized treatment regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effects of long non-coding ribonucleic acid (LncRNA) repulsive guidance molecules B-antisense chain (RGMB-AS1) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of human prostate cancer cells (DU145), and explore its targeting effect on miR-574-3p. Methods Human prostate cancer cells (DU145) were cultured and used in the study. Cell tests were divided into 9 groups including RGMB-AS1 upregulation group (transfected with pcDNA3. 1-RGMB-AS1), RGMB-AS1 upregulation control group (transfected with pcDNA3. 1 control), RGMB-AS1 downregulation group (transfected with si-RGMB-ASl), RGMB-AS1 downregulation control group (transfected with si-NC), miR-574-3p upregulation group (transfected with miR-574-3p mimics), miR-574-3p upregulation control group (transfected with miR mimics NC ), miR-574-3p downregulation group (transfected with miR-574-3 p inhibitor), miR-574-3p downregulated control group (transfected with miR inhibitor NC) and blank group, and 3 wells in each group. After 48 hours culture, cell proliferation activity was detected by CCK-8 assay. Cell migration ability was evaluated by wound healing assay. Cell invasive ability was assessed by Matrigel invasion assay (Transwell chamber). The expression of LncRNA RGMB-AS1, the expression of miR-574-3p, and the gene expressions of Cyclin D1, P21, ZEB1, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and Vimentin were detected by LncRNA-RT-qPCR, miRNA-RT-qPCR and RT-qPCR, respectively. The protein expressions of Cyclin Dl, P21, ZEB1, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and VIM were measured by western blot. The dual luciferase gene reporter assay was used to determine whether LncRNA RGMB-AS1 targets miR-574-3p. Results Compared with those in the blank group, RGMB-AS1 up-regulated control group, RGMB-AS1 down-regulated control group, miR-574-3p up-regulated control group, and miR-574-3p down-regulated control group, the D value, scratch healing rates, invasive cell counts, Cyclin Dl, ZEB1, N-cadherin, and VIM expressions in the RGMB-AS1 up-regulated group and miR-574-3p up-regulated group were all decreased (P <0. 05), while the proliferation inhibition rates, P21, and E-cadherin expressions were all increased (P <0.05). Simultaneously, the D value, scratch healing rates, invasive cell counts, Cyclin Dl, ZEB1, N-cadherin, and VIM expressions in the RGMB-AS1 down-regulated group and miR-574-3p down-regulated group were all increased (P <0. 05), while the proliferation inhibition rates, P21, and E-cadherin expressions were all decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the miR-NC group, the miR-574-3p mimics group showed a decrease in Wt-RGMR-AS1 luciferase activity (P<0. 05), but little change in Mut RGMB-AS1-luciferase activity (P > 0. 05). Conclusion Upregulation of LncRNA RGMB-AS1 can target upregulation of miR-574-3p to inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human prostate cancer cells, which may be attributed to downregulation of Cyclin D1, ZEB1, N-cadherin, VIM expressions, and upregulation of P21 and E-cadherin expressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the correlation of Wnt5a expression and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in prostate cancer tissues, and analyze their relationships with cancer stem cells (CSCs) characteristics and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Methods Immunohistochemistry was conducted to detect the expression of Wnt5a in 50 prostate cancer tissues and 50 benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues. The expression levels of CD133, vimentin, and E-cadherin were detected in the prostate cancer tissues, and CD34/PAS double staining was used to detect VM structures. We analyzed the difference in Wnt5a level between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues, the clinical significance of Wnt5a and VM, the relationship of Wnt5a expression and VM, and the relationships of Wnt5a expression and VM with CD133, Vimentin, E-cadherin. Results The expression of Wnt5a was significantly higher in prostate cancer tissues than in benign prostatic hyperplasia (P<0.05). A positive correlation was observed between Wnt5a expression and VM (P<0.05). The expression levels of Wnt5a and VM were positively correlated with those of CD133 and vimentin (P<0.05). Wnt5a expression and VM were positively correlated with Gleason score, vas deferens invasion and lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05) of prostate cancer, and VM was also positively correlated with T stage of prostate cancer (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression level of Wnt5a in prostate cancer tissues is elevated and positively related with VM formation. Wnt5a expression and VM are correlated with cancer stem cells characteristics and the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition marker proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]