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Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Royal jelly is a thick, milky white secretion from the palatine glands of young worker bees. As a natural bee product, it finds wide application in various fields, including food and health care products. One of the unique components of royal jelly is 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a medium-chain unsaturated fatty acid. 10-HDA possesses several active functions, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, blood sugar regulation, blood lipid control, and anti-radiation properties. The extraction of 10-HDA from royal jelly can be efficiently achieved through physical adsorption or organic solvent treatment. Additionally, 10-HDA can be synthesized by various chemical reactions using substances such as 8-hydroxyoctanal and 1,8-octanediol. In recent years, utilizing microorganisms for 10-HDA production has gained significant attention owing to its low cost and low pollution characteristics. This method has become a research hotspot. This article provides a summary of the physicochemical properties, physiological active functions, and different methods of 10-HDA production. Furthermore, it briefly discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these production methods and highlights the existing problems and prospects to offer valuable reference and information for further in-depth research on 10-HDA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Royal jelly is a yellowish, creamy and acidic substance secreted by mandibular and hypopharyngeal glands of young worker bees. Fatty acids including (E)-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, 10-hydroxydecanoic acid, 3,10-dihydroxydecanoic acid, 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid, sebacic acid and so on are one of the major components of royal jelly with a variety of biological activities, such as anti-inflammation, anti-bacteria and anti-tumor. Fatty acids are one of the main active components of royal jelly which are considered an important indicator in quality control. This article summarizes the identification methods of the royal jelly fatty acid including the principle of the method, the comparisons of technology and application features of methods, as well as the future research prospects. This review will provide a reference for the development of determining methods for fatty acids and pave the way for quality control of royal jelly.

The rapid determination of steroidal hormones and their contents in royal jelly by molecular imprinting and high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was reviewed. The research progress of liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, QuECHERS and other pretreatment methods, as well as HPLC-MS, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of various pretreatment methods and analytical methods were analyzed and compared. Finally, the feasibility of using molecular imprinting technology and HPLC-MS to detect steroid hormones in royal jelly was prospected.

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis is the property of Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the present study was to explore the differences of quality and antioxidant activity of royal jelly in different flowering periods. The contents of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), total protein, moisture, and total phenolic acid in royal jelly from the same conditions were analyzed, and the in vitro antioxidant activities were also compared by DPPH method and FRAP method. The results showed that there were significant differences (P

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology / Zhongguo Shipin Xuebao is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tilia tuan honey has many biological activities, and the source of biological activities is inseparable from the protein and peptides in tilia tuan honey. Antioxidant activity is one of the many biological activities of tilia tuan honey. In this paper, the composition and structure of trypsinolysis peptides in tilia tuan honey were identified by ultra.high performance liquid chromatography.quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC.Q.Exactive), and the relationship between trypsinolysis peptides in tilia tuan honey and antioxidant activity was discussed. Tilia tuan honey protein was precipitated by 20%trichloroacetic acid and lyophilized. The lyophilized protein was dissolved in 100 mmol/L NH4HCO3 buffer solution. Dithiothreotol was added to reduce protein, iodoacetamide was added to alkylate protein, and 500 mmol/L dithiothreotol solution was added to the final protein solution to stop the alkylation reaction, then the protein was hydrolyzed by trypsin. The enzymatic peptides was enriched and purified by C18 solid phase extraction column. Gradient elution was carried out with 0.1% formic acid (A) and acetonitrile (B) as mobile phase. The enzymatic hydrolyzed tilia tuan honey peptides was identified by Full MS/ddMS2 mode of high resolution mass spectrometry (Q.Exactive). The results of mass spectrometry were analyzed by MaxQuant software, and compared on Uniprot by Blast. A total of 52 peptides in tilia tuan honey were identified, 7115% of which were derived from major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs), and the identified peptides belonged to 10 proteins, of which 6 (60%) were MRJP family proteins. Reproducibility analysis of tilia tuan honey peptides mass spectrometry results, more than two repetitive mass spectrometry can achieve reliable identification of tilia tuan honey peptides (871%). According to the structure.activity relationship of honey peptides reported in the literature, 11 peptides with antioxidant activity were screened out. Four different antioxidant activities were tested after chemical synthesis of 11 peptides. The results showed that the antioxidant activities of these 11 peptides were significantly different, and 1 g/L VIYEWK showed strong 2,2′.azinobis.(3.ethylbenzthiazoline.6.sulphonate) (ABTS) free radical scavenging activity (33.8±0.6%), 2,2.diphenyl.1.picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity (96.5±0.0%), and showed a certain reducing power(0.010±0.001) and Fe2+ chelating activity (40±02%). The method can quickly and effectively identify the structure of tilia tuan honey peptides, provide a basis for revealing the relationship between tilia tuan honey peptides structure and antioxidant activity. But the results of antioxidant activity in vitro can not fully explain the antioxidant activity of peptides. Therefore, it is necessary to study the antioxidant activity of peptides in vivo and the antioxidant activity of peptides is the result of the interaction of various amino acids. The modification of amino acids of antioxidant peptides can be considered to determine the specific amino acids that play an antioxidant role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Royal jelly is a popular nutritional supplement, its quality directly affects consumer’s health. In this work, solid phase extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS) was developed for determination of amitraz, N-2,4-dimethyl phenyl-N-methylformamidine (DMPF), N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl) formamide (DMF) and 2,4-dimethylaniline (DMA) in royal jelly. The protein of royal jelly was precipitated, and the extracts were dissolved and distilled with ammonia solution and ammonia of acetonitrile solution. The supernatant solution was cleaned up with solid phase extraction column of N-Al2O3 cartridges and eluted with ammonia of acetonitrile solution into a glass culture tube, the eluate evaporated to dryness and reconstituted in acetonitrile solution, and then filtered through nylon membrane into a glass LC vial for LC-MS/MS analysis. The solution was separated by Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (150 mm×4.6 mm×5 µm) and the quantitative detection was performed on LC-MS/MS by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode under positive electrospray ionization (ESI+). Isotopes dilution internal standard method or external standard method were used to determine the residue contents in sample. The limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N=10) of amitraz, DMPF, DMF and DMA are 0.05, 0.5, 5.0 and 0.5 µg/kg, respectively. Single-laboratory method validation data were determined, the calibration standard curves concentration are 0, 5.0, 10, 100, 200, 300 µg/kg and correlation coefficients are more than 0.997. Appropriate amounts of the standard target compounds were spiked into the “blank” royal jelly and fixed at four final concentration levels of 5.0, 10, 100 and 200 µg/kg, the recoveries and relative standard deviations (RSDs) using spiked matrix calibration standard curves are 50.5%-110% and 0.8%15.0%, respectively. This method is convenient, rapid and effective, it is suitable for determination and confirmation of amitraz and its metabolites in royal jelly sample, and in line with the regulations of European Union (EU). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bees external morphological characteristics are important basis of classification of bees, and closely relate to economic performance of honeybees. Therefore, these morphological characteristics can be used as genetic markers to assist the varroa-resistant honeybee genetic breeding. There were 20 samples of the first and second filial generation of varroa-resistant honeybees, the local A. mellifera and the honeybees of high yield honey and royal jelly breed from Zhejiang University, which were collected for this experiment. 38 standard morphological characters of 15 bees of every group were measured as the standard methods made by Ruttner in 1988. The results showed that the morphological characters of the filial generation of varroa-resistant honeybees were significantly different with the local A. mellifera and the honeybees of high yield honey and royal jelly breed from Zhejiang University. Using cluster analysis, the filial generation of varroa-resistant honeybees was clustered into group, and could be clustered into a branch with the honeybees of high yield honey and royal jelly breed from Zhejiang University. The local A. mellifera was clustered into another branch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method was developed for the simultaneous determination of seven high risk pesticides in the royal jelly, eg. tau-fluvalinate, triadimenol, coumaphos, haloxyfop, carbendazim, thiophanate-ethyl and thiophanate-methyl by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). First, the royal jelly samples were extracted with acetonitrile under alkaline conditions. After dehydration by anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extracts were enriched and purified through solid-phase extraction (SPE) with Oasis HLB cartridges. Finally, the pesticides were detected by HPLC-MS/MS method. The separation was carried out on a Venusil MP C18 column with gradient elution. Methanol (containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid) and 0.5 mmol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution (containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid) were used as the mobile phases. The detection was achieved using electrospray ionization in positive ion (ESI + ) mode and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode for data collection. Quantification was carried out using internal standard method. The results showed that the seven high risk pesticides were linear in the range of 5-100 μg/kg. The linear correlation coefficients ( r 2 =3). This method is simple, effective and sensitive, and is suitable for the determination of the pesticide residues in royal jelly.n =3). This method is simple, effective and sensitive, and is suitable for the determination of the pesticide residues in royal jelly.