Soil organic carbon(SOC) reservoir reserves of farmland serve as an important indicator for the assessment of the potential of carbon sequestration and emission reduction and turnover of SOC was affected by environmental variables like climate (temperature and precipitation) and terrain(slope and elevation). In order to clarify the impact of environmental variable factors on SOC and achieve spatial interpolation prediction of SOC, provide some theoretical and practical references for understanding the spatial heterogeneity and precision mapping of SOC at small scale, in this study, 7 different approaches including the Inverse Distance Weighting method(IDW), Radial Basis Function method(RBF), Ordinary Kriging(OK), Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Regression Kriging(RK), regression inverse distance weighting method(MIDW), regression radial basis function method (MRBF) were used to explore the relationship between terrain factors and climate factors and SOC, and thenthe optimal spatial interpolation model to predict the spatial distribution of SOC was further obtained. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between SOC content and elevation(-0.255**), temperature(-0.246**), slope(-0.214**), and precipitation (-0.085* ). The relationship between elevation and SOC was the closest. Comparing the predictive performance of the different interpolation models, the root mean square error(RMSE) of MLR was smaller than that of RMSE of OK, RBF, IDW, RK, MRBF, MIDW, and its value was 0.083. The average absolute error(MAE) of MRBF was less than MAE of OK, RBF, IDW, MLR, RK and MIDW, and its value was 2.506. The Pearson correlation coefficient of MRBF was greater than that of OK, RBF, IDW, MLR, RK, and MIDW, and its value was 0.674. Therefore, the prediction effect of SOC based on MRBF method was the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]