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This paper aims to extend the knowledge of reciprocity outside the largely examined verbal domain, focusing on the reciprocity of adjectives in Czech. Our main aim is to show how syntactic reciprocalization is applied to constructions of adjectives where one of their valency complementations is subject to a systemic surface ellipsis. We argue that the reciprocity of adjectives is mostly encoded by the same inventory of language means as the reciprocity of verbs, in particular by pluralization of one of the valency complementations affected by reciprocity (where the only difference from verbs is the form mezi ‘between’+Instr) and by an anaphoric expression occupying the other valency complementation involved in reciprocity. The main difference between the formal marking of verbal and adjectival constructions lies in the fact that adverbials (e.g., navzájem ‘mutually’), serving as the so-called specifiers in reciprocal constructions of verbs, often take over the role of the primary marker of reciprocity in adjectival constructions. Further, we show that – similarly to verbs – adjectives bearing the semantic feature of mutuality require less linguistic marking in their reciprocal constructions, relying on pluralization only, while reciprocal constructions of adjectives without this feature are marked by both pluralization and an anaphoric expression or adverbials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Theory of Science / Teorie Vedy is the property of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Centre for Science, Technology & Society Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Low qualification of employees newly hired to service desks contributes to the high turnover of service desk agents and consequently to low quality of services delivered. This paper proposes a conceptual artefact comprising two modules for tacit knowledge elicitation and knowledge transfer during the onboarding training process. The design of the artefact follows the design science methodology. Ex-ante evaluation methods are chosen to evaluate the importance of a problem domain and evaluate the artefact feasibility. Expert interviews and focus group discussions with experts from the field were performed to support the evaluation activities. The proposed framework uses eye-tracking technology to complement captured knowledge with tacit knowledge. Next, the proposed model incorporates a simulated environment for enhanced training experience and effective knowledge transfer from expert employees to novice ones. This paper and the proposed artefact aim to improve the training process of service desk employees and to contribute to wider use of tacit knowledge capture and elicitation techniques in IT service management.

This paper deals with knowledge management in organizations that distribute products on the basis of direct selling. The essential link is the distributor who sells products and services through personal sales. At the same time, these distributors have profit based on the sales of those who involved in its distribution network. This principle is called multilevel marketing (MLM). The paper identifies the elements of knowledge management that are generally found in such organizations. It is also dealing with resources and sharing of knowledge in a specific MLM organization and determines whether knowledge management is applied strategically in the corporate distribution network of the organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Marketing Science & Inspirations is the property of Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper focuses on the usage of data-mining techniques as a support tool for decision making. This paper describes the mining of hidden and potentially useful information from databases using data mining methods. These methods, sometimes called as techniques for knowledge discovering, help users, mostly managers, to make qualified decisions in the organization. The aim of the process of knowledge management is not only to collect information, but to transform it into knowledge and use it in a decision-making process. The purpose of this paper was to find and evaluate the different methodological approaches appropriate for customer segmentation. Various data mining techniques were used for demonstration of customer segmentation according to their purchasing behavior within a selected hypermarket. The following techniques were used for clustering: K-means clustering method, Two Step clustering method and Self Organizing Maps. The quality of final models was evaluated by Silhouette measure. It combines the principles of clusters separation and cohesion. Data mining model was constructed from approximately 60 thousand transaction records. Only the food records were selected for the analysis. The paper also examined the effect of the number of dimensions to the clustering. The original variables were reduced into a smaller number of uncorrelated principal components. These components were used for construction of a scatter plot to check the homogeneity of clusters. The results of this analysis confirmed that the reduction of dimensionality is an useful device for the evaluation of generated clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social networks are phenomena of nowadays. People spend a lot of time networking in the virtual environment and they apparently enjoy it. That leads companies to the idea to implement this concept in and internal environment and to use social networks as a tool of internal communication and cooperation. The paper focuses on benefits of an enterprise social network in terms of knowledge management and it describes - in the format of a case study - how the enterprise social network can be successfully used in an international company. The example presented in the case study can be understood as a best practice (or lesson learned in some aspects) and inspire others with the right adoption of the enterprise social network for knowledge management purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge management and its support by modern information and communication technologies is a relatively recent but still very topical area. The knowledge has already become a critical strategic resource for business activities and further economic development of firms and whole society too. Thanks to knowledge management as well as efficient exploitation of shared corporate knowledge various firms can develop their competitive advantages more and more. In the Czech Republic the interest in knowledge management utilization is mainly connected with international firms. In this paper we wish to show on a case of a smaller Czech firm that knowledge management can be an appropriate choice also for small and medium-sized enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study presents results of literary research that summarizes approaches to the concept of aboutness in information science and gives reasons for current renewed interest in semantic questions of information and knowledge processing accompanied by efforts to develop new approaches and solutions. The paper is divided into three parts. In the first part we summarize the semantic problems of content analysis. Using our own model we present the concept of aboutness which in Czech terminology lacks equivalent and is loosely expressed through the terms of topic, content, subject, meaning, theme, sense, genre. The second part reviews various opinions on the subject by the authors in the field of information science. The third part deals with the concept of aboutness in the FRSAD model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge management is a relatively new discipline in the business administration field. It is focused on knowledge that represents critical factor of organizations' successful development, The original concept of knowledge management can be perceived in two different ways in the Czech environment. Firstly, as knowledge management, i.e. specific managerial discipline that deals with knowledge resources or assets and that ties knowledge management with organizational global strategy. Secondly, as management of knowledge, i.e. set of approaches, methods, procedures, techniques or tools utilizable for realization of knowledge management. Management of knowledge originated in different areas such as artificial intelligence, psychology, sociology, pedagogy and other cognitive sciences. Unfortunately, this distinction of two different phenomena is often not considered by both theoreticians and practitioners. Consequently, this situation has significant implications in practical efforts to implement knowledge management into organizations. Description and explanation of differences of these two concepts belong to the conceptual perspective of knowledge management and is based on analogy and systems approach. The main utilized too is knowledge hierarchy that consists of four basic levels - supranational level, national level, organizational level, and management of knowledge level. While supranational level and national level are general in nature, work with concepts of knowledge society and knowledge economy, and specific knowledge is not important here, organizational level and management of knowledge level are closely related to particular knowledge domain of an organization and therefore work directly either with knowledge or knowledge resources. This paper also clarifies the interdependence of these levels and emphasizes the systemic nature of knowledge managers' work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific and technological developments in informatics enable intensive transformation of data into valuable information. Enriched with context, information may be turned into knowledge, allowing organizations to optimize their processes and profile themselves as learning knowledge organizations. Several classifications of knowledge and knowledge management are available in scientific literature and research publications. In this paper the implementation and application of information and communication technology in knowledge management is being assessed from the perspective of synchrony and mutual interaction among collaborating parties. Following the PRISMA scheme, a systematic review procedure using Scopus and Web of Science databases was conducted. Obtained manuscripts underwent manual content analysis. The outcome of this analysis represents the classification of widespread ICTs into diverse categories based on extensive literature research. It specifies an original type of classification by connecting intertwined synchronicity and interaction as the main classification criteria, and it provides examples of commonly used ICTs in business practice. The introduced classification aims to deepen the comprehension of ICTs, which may lead to improved efficiency and/or eligibility of technological implementations and applications of knowledge management based on the undeniably enormous benefits of the use of ICTs in processing of business operations.

The article deals with the organisational culture and the knowledge continuity in organisations. Properly set organisational culture supporting knowledge continuity helps organisations to achieve a competitive advantage. This article aims to identify the relationship between organisational culture and knowledge continuity ensuring and examines the dependency between the studied qualitative characteristics of this problematic. Data was obtained by questionnaires in organisations in the Czech and Slovak Republics and evaluated using the tools of descriptive statistics. One of the conclusions of the article is that through focused and systematic influencing of organisational culture within the organisation the required level of long-term performance of the organisation can be ensured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on finding the elements of knowledge management in schools of management thinking. Attention is first paid to the characteristics of knowledge management and its elements are subsequently searched in approaches to management have been described since the Industrial Revolution until the emergence of knowledge society. It is therefore a classic management, psychosocial approaches, process approaches and system approaches. Conclusions are presented at the end of the article in the table. Although the emergence of knowledge management is dated from about the sixties of last century, when it was defined by P. Drucker, indicating the elements we work with the knowledge to identify much earlier. It is good to know the specifics of each school of management thinking today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on finding the elements of knowledge management in schools of management thinking. Attention is first paid to the characteristics of knowledge management and its elements are subsequently searched in approaches to management have been described since the Industrial Revolution until the emergence of knowledge society. It is therefore a classic management, psychosocial approaches, process approaches and system approaches. Conclusions are presented at the end of the article in the table. Although the emergence of knowledge management is dated from about the sixties of last century, when it was defined by P. Drucker, indicating the elements we work with the knowledge to identify much earlier. It is good to know the specifics of each school of management thinking today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]