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This work adheres to the recommendations for publication in three steps (Marin-Garcia, 2021). We propose a protocol to develop research the objective of which is to analyze the needs and challenges, as perceived by university lecturers, related to teaching, learning, or assessing competencies related to the innovative capacity of students in an array of digital remote teaching contexts. In this sense, we want to consider situations where teachers watch their students interact with each other. The interaction between students can occur face-to-face or remotely and, in the latter case, either synchronous or asynchronous. In addition, teacher observation can be done synchronously (face-to-face or remotely) or by watching a previously recorded video.

Abstract Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) in childhood are mainly caused by betalactam or non-betalactam antibiotics, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Laboratory tests for identifying children who are allergic to drugs have low diagnostic accuracy and predictive value. The gold standard to diagnose DHR is represented by the drug provocation test (DPT), that aims of ascertaining the causative role of an allergen and evaluating the tolerance to the suspected drug. Different protocols through the administration of divided increasing doses have been postulated according to the type of drug and the onset of the reaction (immediate or non immediate reactions). DPT protocols differ in doses and time interval between doses. In this position paper, the Italian Pediatric Society for Allergy and Immunology provides a practical guide for provocation test to antibiotics and NSAIDs in children and adolescents.

Abstract: This paper describes how SHARE (Sharing Hosted Autonomous Research Environments) satisfies the criteria of the Elsevier 2011 Executable Paper Grand Challenge. This challenge aims at disseminating the use of systems that provide reviewers and fellow scientists a convenient way to reproduce computational results of research papers. This can involve among others the calculation of a number, the plotting of a diagram, the automatic proof of a theorem or the interactive transformation of various inputs into a complex output document. Besides reproducing the literate results, readers of an executable paper should also be able to explore the result space by entering different input parameters than the ones reported in the original text. SHARE is a web portal that enables academics to create, share, and access remote virtual machines that can be cited from research papers. By deploying in SHARE a copy of the required operating system as well as all the relevant software and data, authors can make a conventional paper fully reproducible and interactive. Shared virtual machines can also contain the original paper text— when desirable even with embedded computations. This paper shows the concrete potential of SHARE-based articles by means of an example virtual machine that is based on a conventional research article published by Elsevier recently. More generally, it demonstrates how SHARE has supported the publication workflow of a journal special issue and various workshop proceedings. Finally, it clarifies how the SHARE architecture supports among others the Elsevier challenge''s licensing and scalability requirements without domain specific restrictions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Immunology is a rapidly advancing and expanding field that is regularly highlighted in the lay media, whether it be checkpoint blockade immunotherapy winning the Nobel Prize, CAR-T cells in the treatment of cancer, or the latest anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory medication advertised directly to consumers. Advances such as these not only transform the way we think about immunology, they also illuminate how knowledge of the immune system can be harnessed to impact public health. Immunology is also a vast subject, with thousands of articles published each year that contribute to our understanding of complex processes such as inflammation, pathogen recognition, and self-tolerance, Taken together, these observations pose significant challenges to teaching immunology in the undergraduate classroom. To meet this challenge, instructors can use primary literature as a means to introduce cutting-edge discoveries that have not yet found their way into textbooks, link what students are learning to what they are exposed to in lay media, and ultimately provide added depth to the students' understanding of the immune system all while illustrating how clinical advances are fundamentally dependent on basic research studies. Furthermore, the addition of primary literature to the curriculum can enhance student enthusiasm for learning immunology and can provide an excellent platform for students to gain critical thinking and analytical skills. Presented here are strategies, challenges, and opportunities in the use of primary literature to effectively augment the immunology curriculum in the undergraduate classroom. Topics include selecting papers to read, teaching students how to read scientific literature, and assessing student learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Remote sensing is essential in construction management by providing valuable information and insights throughout the project lifecycle. Due to the rapid advancement of remote sensing technologies, their use has been increasingly adopted in the architecture, engineering, and construction industries. This review paper aims to advance the understanding, knowledge base, and practical implementation of remote sensing technologies in the construction industry. It may help support the development of robust methodologies, address challenges, and pave the way for the effective integration of remote sensing into construction management processes. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive literature review, focusing on the challenges faced in using remote sensing technologies in construction management. One hundred and seventeen papers were collected from eight relevant journals, indexed in Web of Science, and then categorized by challenge type. The results of 44 exemplary studies were reported in the three types of remote sensing platforms (satellite, airborne, and ground-based remote sensing). The paper provides construction professionals with a deeper understanding of remote sensing technologies and their applications in construction management. The challenges of using remote sensing in construction were collected and classified into eleven challenges. According to the number of collected documents, the critical challenges were shadow, spatial, and temporal resolution issues. The findings emphasize the use of unmanned airborne systems (UASs) and satellite remote sensing, which have become increasingly common and valuable for tasks such as preconstruction planning, progress tracking, safety monitoring, and environmental management. This knowledge allows for informed decision-making regarding integrating remote sensing into construction projects, leading to more efficient and practical project planning, design, and execution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is a fast-growing sector, and medical tourism is no exception. The increasing Muslim population has led to Muslim-friendly medical tourism being intensified by Organization of the Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries. This can be seen from the large number of Muslim tourists who seek Muslimfriendly services for medical tourism, so hospitality management is important. The method of this research is a systematic literature review, which comes from several internationally reputable papers in Scopus and rankings in Scimago. This shows that the quality of medical tourism papers has gone through a rigorous selection process. The results of this study indicate that medical tourism has many enthusiasts. Furthermore, technological readiness is needed for the effectiveness of medical tourism promotion because it can reach the whole world. Medical tourism facilities, distance, and culture in the destination country are considered by medical tourism tourists in making decisions. This research can be useful for medical tourism service providers to further improve services and for the government to improve infrastructure in the medical tourism sector in order to attract foreign tourists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper aimed to identify the level of psychological hardiness, the level of death anxiety, and the level of existential vacuum among the elderly, also the role of the predictive ability of death anxiety and existential vacuum in the psychological hardiness of the elderly at the governorates of Tafilyah and Ma'an in light of the Corona pandemic in Jordan. The descriptive-analytical approach was utilized. sample consists (500) elderly, that were selected by a simple random approach. Then the needed statistical measure was operated to achieve the required results. The results indicated a low level of psychological hardiness, a high level of death anxiety, and an existential vacuum in the elderly. The results show a suitable predictive ability for each of death anxiety and the existential vacuum in reducing psychological hardiness. The research paper recommended the necessity of rehabilitating the elderly in Jordan regarding the mental and psychological aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) technology has shown tremendous potential in various fields, such as image generation, text generation, and video generation, and it has been widely applied in various industries. However, GAI also brings new risks and challenges to cybersecurity. This paper analyzes the application status of GAI technology in the field of cybersecurity and discusses the risks and challenges it brings, including data security risks, scientific and technological ethics and moral challenges, Artificial Intelligence (AI) fraud, and threats from cyberattacks. On this basis, this paper proposes some countermeasures to maintain cybersecurity and address the threats posed by GAI, including: establishing and improving standards and specifications for AI technology to ensure its security and reliability; developing AI-based cybersecurity defense technologies to enhance cybersecurity defense capabilities; improving the AI literacy of the whole society to help the public understand and use AI technology correctly. From the perspective of GAI technology background, this paper systematically analyzes its impact on cybersecurity and proposes some targeted countermeasures and suggestions, possessing certain theoretical and practical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrated ocean management (IOM) aligns with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and serves as a crucial strategy for promoting the enduring health of marine ecosystems and the sustainable utilization of marine resources. An analysis of the evolution of China's integrated ocean management policy (IOMP) is crucial for providing valuable guidance in achieving sustainable growth in marine management and the marine economy for both China and other coastal nations worldwide. This paper studies the evolution characteristics, challenges, and prospects of IOMP in China since 1978 using content analysis. The findings indicate that the evolution of IOMP can be categorized into four stages: the germination period (1978–1998), the construction period (1999–2009), the systematization period (2010–2017), and the strategization period (2018–present), based on the state of international marine management. The IOMP has transitioned over time from its initial emphasis on resource development during the germination period to a strategization period that prioritizes the full development of all parts of the system. However, the ultimate goal has consistently been to achieve harmonious coexistence between people and the sea. China's IOMP has experienced a progressive development; nevertheless, it continues to encounter obstacles such as the pressing requirement to revise sea-related policies and the absence of policy alignment. The objective of this paper is to explore the evolution, challenges, and prospects of China's IOMP to better improve the land–sea coordination policy, strengthen international judicial cooperation. and provide effective policy reference for other maritime countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction industry accounts for approximately one-third of the total waste generation globally. With the United Nations projecting a population increase of 2 billion within the next three decades, there is a heightened demand for building stock, generating unprecedented volumes of construction and demolition waste (CDW). To combat this, circular economy strategies are purported to help alleviate the prevailing situation. But a number of challenges are jeopardizing their implementation in the construction industry and preventing from achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals, net zero carbon and zero avoidable waste targets. This paper systematically analyzes 54 research articles, published in the past decade within major peer-reviewed English-language scholarly publications in the form of a systematic research review. In doing so, it aims to identify and classify the challenges that prevent improved CDW management by assimilating previous research results in support of a circular economy. The classification and analysis using a PESTLE model offers insights into gaps and differences between categories, as well as regions and countries. This initial step could contribute to a better understanding of these barriers, along with associated solutions, which could result in a significant reduction on the impact of construction activities, therefore facilitating the development of an effective circular economy in the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bernard Suits is commonly thought to have defined games as challenges. This paper argues that Suits could not have done so without ruining his larger philosophical project. It then argues that he did not do so. Suits defined game playing in quantitative terms (i.e. being more or less efficient) not qualitative ones (e.g. difficulty, struggle). The paper concludes by exploring the consequences of this shift in perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: There is both favorable and controversial evidence on the application of telemedicine in the emergency department (ED), which has created uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of these systems. We performed a systematic review of the literature on systematic reviews to provide an overview of the benefits and challenges to the application of telemedicine systems for the ED. Subject and methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were explored for systematic reviews of telemedicine applications for the ED. Each review was critically appraised by two authors for data items to be extracted and evaluated. The most highly recommended technology, feasibility, benefits, and challenges to the application of telemedicine systems were studied and reported. Results: We identified 18 studies of varying methodological quality and summarized their key findings. Form these 18 studies, 12 papers yielded a high risk of bias in their investigation. Nine papers concluded that real-time video conferencing was the best method of delivery, eight papers found cost reduction as an outcome of implementing these systems, and six studies found technical and infrastructure issues as a challenge when implementing telemedicine for EDs. Conclusion: There is strong evidence suggesting that the use of telemedicine positively impacts patient care. However, there are many challenges in implementing telemedicine that may impede the process or even impact patient safety. In conclusion, despite the high potential of telemedicine systems, there is still a need for better quality of evidence in order to confirm their feasibility in the ED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer remains a worldwide problem, and new treatment strategies are being actively developed. Peptides have the characteristics of good biocompatibility, strong targeting, functional diversity, modifiability, membrane permeable ability, and low immunogenicity, and they have been widely used to construct targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs). In addition, peptides, as endogenous substances, have a high affinity, which can not only regulate immune cells but also work synergistically with drugs to kill tumor cells, demonstrating significant potential for application. In this review, the latest progress of polypeptides-based nanocarriers in tumor therapy has been outlined, focusing on their applications in killing tumor cells and regulating immune cells. Additionally, peptides as carriers were found to primarily provide a transport function, which was also a subject of interest to us. At the end of the paper, the shortcomings in the construction of peptide nano-delivery system have been summarized, and possible solutions are proposed therein. The application of peptides provides a promising outlook for cancer treatment, and we hope this article can provide in-depth insights into possible future avenues of exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching Indonesian as a curriculum compulsory subject (MKWK) in university implies some challenges, considering the teaching is intended for students who have yet to study language theoretically and conceptually formally. This research is reflectively aimed at describing teaching challenges and possibilities. Methodologically, this study involved the researcher as an Indonesian language teacher in a university using a reflective-introspective way to gather data based on his experience. The results of this study are as follows: The students have various scientific backgrounds that are substantially and culturally different. Conditionally, they do not study Indonesian historically, culturally, theoretically, and methodologically. This implies that the orientation of teaching Indonesian needs to be formulated. Indonesian as MKWK is introduced functionally for language purposes in higher education. Language as a signifying medium becomes a verbal or oral communication tool to disseminate knowledge. Thus, the teaching materials are also adjusted elementary to the scientific background of each student. This allows the establishment of relations between Indonesian as a subject and other disciplines. Thus, awareness of this aspect of teaching makes it possible to place Indonesians not as "additional" but as "significant" learning in universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the complications experienced by Switzerland and Spain in administering the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages (ECRML). The Charter is a vital legislative instrument for defending the varied languages across Europe. The paper digs into the problems encountered, including concerns with ratification, sociolinguistic obstacles, resource limits, and linguistic variety. The research highlights the need to maintain language rights while encouraging multilingualism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the challenges, strategies and prospects of interfaith dialogue in the post-truth age. Conflicting truth claims constitute one of the major obstacles in establishing dialogue and rapprochement among believers. Some members of faith communities have an exclusivist view of the truth, which prevents them from embracing other truths. This would hinder the progress of interfaith ecumenism. Using qualitative content analysis, the results of the current study show that the rise of post-truth poses additional challenges to the progress of interfaith dialogue since it evaluates the truthfulness of information based on personal believability and inclinations. In the age of post-truth, societal fragmentation is amplified as there are polarized conceptions of truth. Some strategies can be undertaken in response to these challenges, such as nurturing empathy, compassion, and religious moderatism through formal and informal education. In addition, critical argumentation and civil dialogue within academia should be adopted for a larger society. This paper argues that the prospects for interfaith dialogue in the post-truth age depend on the strength of civil society actors who can moderate the tension and polarization within the society by maintaining civility either offline or online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Projects have existed for centuries and even now are used by companies to develop new products. In the Information and Technology sector, contracts between an owner who wants a project realized and a contractor who will do the work are often used. Seeing that a project is realized in an environment that may change from different factors, managing request for changes in a contract are quite the challenge for the contractor who needs to realize a work required by the owner. This document aims to identify and analyze the reasons why request for change in IT contracts is a challenge from the contractor's perspectives, by analyzing scientific papers and interviews about change management in the IT contracts sector with the Use of a Multi-Attribute Decision making. We can expect to see emerge from this paper that the main reasons why conflict may arise between a contractor and an owner is the quality of information of a request for change. It will be developed later that this quality of information is, as well what is the most challenging aspect of a request for change for the contractor. This paper may help the Owner understand the position they put their contractors in when requesting changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper on the social and economic history of triathlon restores the past that has been overshadowed by the International Triathlon Union and the World Triathlon Corporation narratives. It is based on documents from the 1970s and 1980s. Focusing on the USA, the paper explains how two processes shaped triathlon. The first was democratization which formed mass-participation sports. Triathlon, with its inclusive features, was born out of the fitness, running, swimming, and masters sports movement of the 1970s. Key ideas of this mass-sports originated from 'left-wing' sports movements of the 1930s. The second process was the commercialization and commodification of endurance sports in the 1980s. It was connected with the elimination of the Amateur Athletic Union's governing role in amateur sports. The commercialization of triathlon was started thanks to interests of Kona-Kahaua tourism, and mostly American Budweiser Light advertising. It gave support to two leading for-profit organizers, which instigated the commodification of triathlon as a whole. A five-fold increase in entry fees over five years has led to the morphing of a classless triathlon into a sport only for the wealthy. The root cause is the loss of amateurism in sports governance, that was provoked by the rise of neoliberalism in economic policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wound care professionals provide proper diagnosis and treatment with heavy reliance on images and image documentation. Segmentation of wound boundaries in images is a key component of the care and diagnosis protocol since it is important to estimate the area of the wound and provide quantitative measurement for the treatment. Unfortunately, this process is very time-consuming and requires a high level of expertise, hence the need for automatic wound measurement methods. Recently, automatic wound segmentation methods based on deep learning have shown promising performance; yet, they heavily rely on large training datasets. A few wound image datasets were published including the Diabetic Foot Ulcer Challenge dataset, the Medetec wound dataset, and WoundDB. Existing public wound image datasets suffer from small size and a lack of annotation. There is a need to build a fully annotated dataset to benchmark wound segmentation methods. To address these issues, we propose the Foot Ulcer Segmentation Challenge (FUSeg), organized in conjunction with the 2021 International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI). It contains 1210 pixel-wise annotated foot ulcer images collected over 2 years from 889 patients. The submitted algorithms are reviewed in this paper and the dataset can be accessed through the Foot Ulcer Segmentation Challenge website. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes debut interviews of female Israeli politicians, in which the interviewees are faced with questions or statements that imply that their gender, ethnicity or background prevent them from fulfilling their function as politicians successfully, in accordance with the "Gendered mediation thesis" (GoodYear-Grant 2013). We focus on the interviewees' responses to these questions, and particularly on how grammatically negative utterances are deployed in the service of coping with the presuppositions directed at them. The analysis indicates that the negative utterances do not carry the full weight of rejection of implied presuppositions. Moreover, in some cases negative utterances are used by the speakers as part of a hedging strategy. By describing the role of negation in debut interviews of female Israeli politicians, the paper aims to advance a more comprehensive understanding of linguistic patterns used by women, and other silenced groups, to cope with biased representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various diseases have seriously threatened the health of Chinese residents. Sensitive and accurate analysis of disease markers is very important for early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation of diseases. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to explore a sensitive, accurate, rapid, and noninvasive detection technology. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) uses light to interact with gold, silver, and other nanostructured materials to generate a strong surface plasmon resonance effect, which can significantly enhance the Raman signal of molecules adsorped on the nanostructured surface, and obtain rich fingerprints of the sample itself or Raman probe molecules with super sensitivity. This technology has the advantages of noninvasiveness, high sensitivity, good selectivity, fast analysis speed, low water interference, and other unique advantages, so it has a good application prospect in life science, clinical testing, and other aspects, and has become a kind of biological detection technology with great potential. This paper mainly reviewed the research progress of SERS technology in the analysis of serum, urine, saliva, and tissue disease markers in recent years analyzed the problems and challenges to be solved by this technology in biological detection and prospected its future development prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The methods proposed in this paper are leveraging Challenge–Response–Pair (CRP) mechanisms that are directly using each digital file as a source of randomness. Two use cases are considered: the protection and verification of authenticity of the information distributed in storage nodes and the protection of the files kept in terminal devices operating in contested zero-trust environments comprised of weak signals in the presence of obfuscating electromagnetic noise. With the use of nonces, the message digests of hashed digital files can be unique and unclonable; they can act as Physical Unclonable Functions (PUF)s in challenge–response mechanisms. During enrollment, randomly selected "challenges" result in unique output data known as the "responses" which enable the generation and distribution of cryptographic keys. During verification cycles, the CRP mechanisms are repeated for proof of authenticity and deciphering. One of the main contributions of the paper is the development of mechanisms accommodating the injection of obfuscating noises to mitigate several vectors of attacks, disturbing the side channel analysis of the terminal devices. The method can distribute error-free cryptographic keys in noisy networks with light computing elements without relying on heavy Error Correcting Codes (ECC), fuzzy extractors, or data helpers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]