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The article discusses research which analyzed performance measurement for opioid use disorder medication treatment and care retention using the Health Effectiveness and Data Information Set (HEDIS) engagement quality measure in patients in buprenorphine maintenance treatment program. The study investigated the relationship between treatment engagement and successful retention, the probability of treatment discontinuation, odds of care retention, and interventions that may improve engagement.

Research examinations of changes in fetal heart rate (HR) to operationalize fetal memory suggests that human memory capacities emerge in utero. However, there is little evidence for a form of implicit memory or priming. The present aim was to determine if priming is evident in utero. Fetal HR, maternal HR and maternal respiratory rate (RR) were examined in 105 women during the third trimester of pregnancy. Women experienced two counterbalanced laboratory tasks, the Stroop task and the paced breathing task, and their cardiorespiratory activity functioned as a stimulus for fetuses. Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed maternal HR increased during the Stroop task but only when the Stroop task was presented first (89.64 bpm to 92.39 bpm) (p = 0.04). Maternal RR increased during the Stroop task, regardless of task order (17.72 bpm to 21.11 bpm; 18.50 bpm to 22.60 bpm) (p < 0.01). Fetal HR increased during the paced breathing task, but only when it followed maternal exposure to the Stroop task (141.13 bpm to 143.97 bpm) (p < 0.01). Fetuses registered maternal HR and RR reactivity to the Stroop task, which influenced their response during maternal engagement with a related task, suggesting priming. Further study of fetal memory may suggest another pathway by which prenatal exposures impact future development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Intergenerational transmission of trauma occurs when the effects of childhood maltreatment (CM) influence the next generation's development and health; prenatal programming via maternal mood symptoms is a potential pathway. CM is a risk factor for bipolar disorder which is present in 1.8% of pregnant women. Mood symptoms are likely to increase during pregnancy, particularly for those with a history of CM. We examined whether there was evidence for intergenerational transmission of trauma in utero in this population, and whether maternal mood was a transmission pathway. Methods: CM and maternal mood were self‐reported by N = 82 pregnant women in treatment for bipolar disorder. Fetal heart rate variability (FHRV) was measured at 24, 30, and 36 weeks' gestation. Gestational age at birth and birth weight were obtained from medical charts. Results: A cluster analysis yielded two groups, Symptom+ (18.29%) and Euthymic (81.71%), who differed on severe mood symptoms (p < 0.001) but not on medication use. The Symptom+ group had more CM exposures (p < 0.001), a trend of lower FHRV (p = 0.077), and greater birth complications (33.3% vs. 6.07% born preterm p < 0.01). Maternal prenatal mood mediated the association between maternal CM and birth weight in both sexes and at trend level for gestational age at birth in females. Conclusions: This is the first study to identify intergenerational effects of maternal CM prior to postnatal influences in a sample of pregnant women with bipolar disorder. These findings underscore the potential enduring impact of CM for women with severe psychiatric illness and their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cell adhesion is regulated by a variety of [Ca.sup.2+]-regulated pathways that depend on [Ca.sup.2+]-binding proteins. One such protein is calreticulin, an ER-resident protein. Calreticulin signalling from within the ER can affect processes outside the E R, such as expression of several adhesion-related genes, most notably vinculin and fibronectin. In addition, changes in the expression level of calreticulin strongly affect tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins, which is known to affect many adhe sion-related functions. While calreticulin has been localized to cellular compartments other than the ER, it appears that only the ER-resident calreticulin affects focal-contact-dependent adhesion. In contrast, calreticulin residing outside the ER may be involved in contact disassembly and other adhesion phenomena. Here, we review the role of calreticulin in focal contact initiation, stabilization, and turnover. We propose that calreticulin may regulate cell-substratum adhesion by participating in an 'E R-to-nucleus' signalling and in parallel 'ER-to-cell surface' signalling based on posttranslational events. Key words: calreticulin, focal contact, signalling, calcium. L'adhesion cellulaire est reglee par une variete de sentiers regules par le [Ca.sup.2+], qui dependent de proteines liant le [Ca.sup.2+]. Une de ces proteines est la calreticuline, une proteine du RE. La signalisation par la calreticuline a partir de l'interieurdu RE peut affecter des processus a l'exterieur du RE, comme l'expression de plusieurs genes lies a l'adhesi on, notamment la vinculine et la fibronectine. De plus, les changements dans les niveaux d'expression de la calreticuline affectent fortement la phosphorylation sur tyrosine de proteines cellulaires, ce qui affecte plusieurs fonctions reliees a l'adhesio n. Meme si la calreticuline a ete localisee dans des compartiments cellulaires autres que le RE, il semble que seule la calreticuline du RE affecte l'adhesion focale dependante du contact. Au contraire, la calreticuline localisee a l'exterieur du RE pour rait etre impliquee dans le desassemblage du contact et dans d'autres phenomenes d'adhesion. Ici, nous passons en revue le role de la calreticuline dans l'initiation, la stabilisation et le renouvellement des contacts focaux. Nous proposons que la calret iculine puisse reguler l'adhesion des cellules au substrat en participant a une signalisation du RE vers le noyau, parallelement a une signalisation du RE vers la surface cellulaire, sur la base d'evenements post-traductionnels. Mots-cles : calreticuline, contact focal, signalisation, calcium. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Calreticulin is a ubiquitous protein whose remarkable conservation across species implies its importance during multiple cellular processes. Calreticulin functions as a chaperone regulating intracellular [Ca.sup.2+] level and gene expression, [...]

Animal carcasses are hotspots of ecological activity. The study of the role of microbes in carcass decomposition has been exclusively focused on microbes with higher abundance. The comparative study of abundant and rare subcommunities associated with decomposition needs in-depth exploration. The current experiment has been conducted on the decomposition of a fish carcass in a microcosm. We conducted 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the microbial communities. The correlation of the physicochemical properties of tap and Yellow river water with the microbial communities was evaluated. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria were found to be the dominant phyla in both abundant and rare subcommunities. Among bacteria, the Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, and Cyanobacteria were found only in the rare subcommunity. In both subcommunities, the abundance of Proteobacteria was found to increase over time, and that of Firmicutes to decrease. The rare subcommunity shows higher alpha diversity than the abundant one. The variation in the abundant subcommunity was influenced by time and water type, and that in the rare subcommunity was influenced by pH and water type. These results have implications for future research on the ecological role of rare and abundant subcommunities in the decomposition of carcasses in the aquatic ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]