Search

Bacterial species of Enterobacteriaceae and the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates were detected in Apis mellifera L. bees gut. Gut content was cultivated on Meat peptone and McConkey agars at 30 and 37 °C, then, the isolates were identified with MALDI TOF MS Biotyper. Isolated strains were tested for antibiotic resistance to penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. Altogether, 12 species representing Enterobacteriaceae family were isolated. Firmicutes and Candida were represented by Bacillus megaterium and Issatchenkia orientalis . Isolated Enterobacteriaceae species were Enterobacter cloacae, Hafnia alvei, Klebsiella oxytoca, Morganella morganii, Serratia marcescens, Ser. liquefaciens, Raoultella ornithinolytica, R. planticola, R. terrigena, Pantoea ananatis, P. agglomerans, Rahnella aquatilis. Enterobacter cloacae, Hafnia alvei, Klebsiella oxytoca, Morganella morganii, Serratia marcescens, Ser. liquefaciens isolates exhibited the antimicrobial resistance more frequently than Raoultella ornithinolytica, R. planticola, R. terrigena, Pantoea ananatis, P. agglomerans, Rahnella aquatilis. Microflora of gut of bees could serve as a source of resistant microorganisms.

The honey bee, Apis mellifera, is critically important for the pollination of many economically important crops. Continued colony losses have called for a deeper understanding of both symbiotic and pathogenic microbial interactions, particularly as they relate to food storage and the pollination environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore and characterize the bacteria colonizing the alimentary tract of the native honey bees using MALDI TOF MS Biotyper. Content of the intestinal tract was cultured for isolation of Gram-negative, Gram-positive microorganisms and yeasts. Then, the identification of isolates with MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper was done. Results showed that the most abundant genera in bees’ samples were Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas and Serratia. Altogether, 12 genera with 21 bacterial species and one yeast genus with two species were isolated. Bacteria were represented with Acidovorax facilis, Lactobacillus gasseri, L. amylovorus, L. kunkeei, L. fructivorans, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Ps. brenneri, Ps. indica, Micrococcus luteus, Serratia fonticola, Ser. marcescens, Ser. ureilytica, Hafnia alvei, Candida magnolia, Bacillus oleronius, B. horneckiae, Issatchenkia orientalis, Pantoea agglomerans, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staph. pasteuri, Shewanella profunda. The results of the study shows that the microflora of the bees gut is heterogenic and depend of locality and resources of environment for bees.

Knowledge of composition of bee gut microbiota is important to ensure balanced gut microbiota and improve the health status of bees. The aim of the present study was to detect the microorganisms in gut of honey bee and to study their antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial activity against three essential oils. Content of bees gut was studied with microbiological methods, and isolates were confirmed with MALDI TOF mass spectrometry. Isolated species were tested for antibiotic resistance to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, amikacin and gentamicin. For antimicrobial activity, essential oils of Abies alba, Pinus mugo and Pinus sylvestris were used. Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus oleronius, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and three Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Serratia fonticola, Serratia marcescens were isolated from bees gut. Antibiotic resistance was found in Gram-negative bacteria, while the Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to all antibiotic tested. The best antibacterial activity of essential oils found against Gram-positive bacterial strains. Essential oils can be a potential sources of compounds with antimicrobial activity on Gram-positive isolates of bees gut.

The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus kunkeei of bee’s gastrointestinal tract (GUT) against pathogenic bacteria isolated from bees’ gut. Content of the intestinal tract microbiota was cultured for isolation of different group of bacteria. Gut homogenates were plated on de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe agar plates and incubated for 48-72h at 30 °C anaerobically; on McConkey agar and incubated for 24-48h at 37°C aerobically. Then, the identification of isolates with MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper was done. The bacterial strains of Lactobacillus kunkeei, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megatherium, Bacillus simplex, Bacillus thuringiensis, Delfia acidovorans, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella aerogenes, Morganella morganii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens and Sphingomonas parapaucimobilis were isolated from gut content of bees. The disc diffusion method was used for the determination of antimicrobial activities of the Lactobacillus kunkeei supernatant against other isolated bacterial strains of bees’ origin. The best antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus kunkeei supernatant was found against Klebsiella aerogenes, Morganella morganii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens. Less effective the L. kunkeei supernatant was against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megatherium, Bacillus simplex, Bacillus thuringiensis. The moderate antibacterial activity was identified against Delfia acidovorans, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Sphingomonas parapaucimobilis.