Search

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of carnosic acid (CA), selenised yeast (YSe) and selenate (VISe) supplemented to diets, including fish oil (FO) and rapeseed oil (RO), on the content of fatty acids, total cholesterol (TCh), tocopherols and malondialdehyde in the fat located between the thigh muscles and the heart in lambs. Twenty-four male Corriedale lambs were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals. Animals were fed a diet with FO and RO (the control diet) or experimental diets containing RO, FO and CA with/without Se (as YSe or VISe). The experimental diets without/with YSe or VISe changed concentrations of fatty acids in the fat and heart compared to the control. All experimental diets increased the levels of c11c14C20:2, c5c8c11c14C20:4, c5c8c11c14c17C20:5 and the sums of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LPUFA) and conjugated linoleic acid isomers in the fat compared to the control. The experimental diet containing YSe or VISe increased the content of Se, TCh, c11c14C20:2, c8c11c14C20:3, c5c8c11c14C20:4, c5c8c11c14c17C20:5, c7c10c13c16c19C22:5, c4c7c10c13c16c19C22:6 and the concentration sum of n-3LPUFA, n-6LPUFA and tocopherols in the heart in comparison with the control diet and the diet containing only CA. Experimental diets reduced the concentration of malondialdehyde in the fat and heart in comparison with the control diet. Our dietary intervention has great potential for future practical and commercial implementations.

Abstract Background Currently, as the number of vaccinated children in Poland and throughout Europe is decreasing. Many factors impact on the rate vaccination and parents’ health behaviours may affect the frequency of vaccinations. The aim of the study was to assess the association of parents’ health behaviors with children’s vaccinations. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July 2015 to June 2016 to assess to assess the association of parents’ health behaviors with children’s vaccinations in Białystok city, Poland. We used the the Inventory of Health Behaviours and an original questionnaire including demographic data and questions about vaccination. Three hundred parents were recruited from the Pro Medica Family Medica Center in Bialystok, Poland. Results Only 3.7% of respondents did not vaccinate their children. The level of health behaviours was average in 42.3% of the respondents, low in 33%, and high in 24.7%. Significant differences in health behaviours, mainly the level of normal eating habits (p = 0.038) and positive mental attitude (p = 0.022), were found in relation to views on the toxicity of vaccines. Participants who reported that vaccines can cause autism engaged in a higher level of prophylactic behaviours. Respondents who vaccinated their children with combined vaccines had a significantly higher level of health practices. Conclusions Parents preferred health behaviours did not effect on children vaccination. Parents who believed in the toxicity of vaccines were more concerned about proper nutrition, had a positive mental attitude, and engaged in a higher level of preventive behaviours and health practices. Parents who did not vaccinate their children had lower levels of normal eating habits. Parents who vaccinated their children with combined vaccines had a higher level of health behaviours, especially in terms of health practices.

Fossil plant macroremains preserved in laminated diatomites from Łysa Góra near Rębiszów, Lower Silesia, have been documented for the first time. The fossil assemblage consists mostly of leaves, but fruits, seeds and sporadic flowers also occur. Forty-three identified taxa represent nineteen plant families: Aceraceae, Berberidaceae, Betulaceae, Cornaceae, Cupressaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, Ericaceae, Fagaceae, Lauraceae, ?Leguminosae, ?Meliaceae, Magnoliaceae, Pinaceae, Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, Tilioideae, Ulmaceae, Vitaceae, and one incertae sedis. The prevalence of entire margined leaves, mostly represented by Majanthemophyllum basinerve and Daphnogene cinnamomifolia, and a significant presence of Calocedrus suleticensis and Liriodendron haueri, are characteristic features of the Rębiszów flora. The composition of the plant assemblage points to a mesophytic forest with some riparian elements and suggests favourable, warm climatic conditions. Radiometrically dated basalts overlying fossiliferous layers and composition of palynoflora suggest at least Chattian (late Oligocene) age. The lithology and floristic composition link the Rębiszów flora with the so-called volcanic floras of the Nerchau-Flörsheim or Kleinsaubernitz floristic complex (Oligocene) from Germany and Czech Republic with Suletice-Berand flora being especially close.

Mid-infrared (mid-IR λ ≈ 3–12 μm), single-mode-emission Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) are of significant interest for a wide range of applications, especially as the laser sources are chosen for laser absorption spectroscopy. In this work, we present the design, fabrication and characterization of multi-section, coupled-cavity, mid-IR quantum cascade lasers. The purpose of this work is to propose a design modification for a coupled-cavity device, yielding a single-mode emission with a longer range of continuous tuning during the pulse, in contrast to a 2-section device. This effect was obtained and demonstrated in the work. The proposed design of a 3-section coupled-cavity QCL allows for a single-mode emission with 35 dB side-mode suppression ratio. Additionally, the time-resolved spectra of the wavelength shift during pulse operation, show a continuous tuning of ~3 cm−1 during the 2 μs pulse. The devices were fabricated in a slightly modified, standard laser process using dry etching.

During adolescence, related to the crisis of identity, attempts to separate from the family and rebellion against the reality result in the youth to be particularly susceptible to the impact of peers. Identification with the group is most often based on common interests, one of which being music. The aim of the pilot study was to assess the relationship of autodestructive and antisocial behaviour and music preferences of girls subject to inpatient stay due to mental problems. Material and methods: Own questionnaire was used concerning music preferences, consisting of the following genres: metal, rock, pop, jazz, hip-hop, reggae, film music, sung poetry, electronic music. The studied group comprised of 26 girls diagnosed with mood disorders, neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders, eating disorders and behavioural and emotional disorders according to ICD-10. Exclusion criteria were the remaining diagnostic categories, especially active psychotic process and mental retardation as well as lack of understanding of the questionnaire questions or not being familiar with basic types of music. Among the patients aged 13–18 subject to inpatient stay at the Department of Adolescent Psychiatry in Łódź in the period 2013–2014 and consented to the study, the incidence of attempted suicide, inflicting self-harm, alcohol abuse, taking psychoactive substances and the presence of antisocial disorders were assessed. Questionnaire verification was carried out in a group of 30 people tested with a test–retest method with a two-week break; reliability was obtained: 0.89–1. Analysis was carried out with the use of Statistica 9.1 programme. Results: Among the teenage girls subject to inpatient stay, music preferences were not related in a statistically significant manner (p > 0.05) with a greater incidence of attempted suicide, inflicting self-harm, alcohol abuse and contact with psychoactive substances, nor the psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusions: Girls subject to inpatient stay at the mental ward most often preferred hip-hop. No significant relationship of the preference over a particular music genre and the number of autodestructive and risky behaviour was observed; only tendencies for more frequent selection of particular genres of music were visible.

Zaburzenia ze spektrum autyzmu są grupą zaburzeń neurorozwojowych charakteryzującą się deficytami w interakcjach społecznych, nieprawidłowościami w komunikacji i powtarzającym się, ograniczonym repertuarem zainteresowań i aktywności. Etiologia autyzmu jest niejasna, choć wyniki badań sugerują interakcję czynników genetycznych i środowiskowych, która prowadzi do nieprawidłowości w neuroprzekaźnictwie i anatomicznej budowie mózgu. Serotonina, neuroprzekaźnik obecny w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym, obwodowo wykazujący działanie hormonu tkankowego, od dawna budzi zainteresowanie badaczy zajmujących się etiologią zaburzeń ze spektrum autyzmu. Nieprawidłowe przekaźnictwo serotoninergiczne może odgrywać zasadniczą rolę w patofizjologii zaburzeń rozwoju, co sugeruje obserwowane w wielu niezależnych badaniach zwiększone stężenie serotoniny płytkowej u średnio jednej z trzech badanych osób obciążonych zaburzeniami ze spektrum autyzmu. W związku z kluczowym znaczeniem serotoniny dla rozwoju i funkcjonowania mózgu płodu zaczęto uważniej przyglądać się prenatalnej ekspozycji na substancje zmieniające stężenie tego neurohormonu, m.in. inhibitory zwrotnego wychwytu serotoniny. Stanowią one najczęściej stosowaną grupę leków przeciwdepresyjnych na całym świecie, a badania wskazują, że 2–13% ciężarnych w krajach rozwiniętych przyjmuje leki przeciwdepresyjne. Sugerowany (lecz nadal kontrowersyjny) związek między prenatalną ekspozycją na selektywne inhibitory zwrotnego wychwytu serotoniny a wystąpieniem zaburzeń ze spektrum autyzmu może wynikać również ze wskazań do stosowania leku, takich jak depresja ciążowa. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki dotychczasowych badań nad związkiem przyjmowania przez kobiety w ciąży selektywnych inhibitorów wychwytu zwrotnego serotoniny z powstawaniem zaburzeń ze spektrum autyzmu.

Konkurs der Unternehmen ist in der modernen Wirtschaft nichts Ungewöhnliches. Es ist ein Prozess, der mit der Funktionsweise der Wirtschaft nach marktwirtschaftlichen Grundsätzen stark verbunden ist. Die Durchführung des Insolvenzverfahrens wird gesetzlich geregelt und durch das Gesetz vom 28. Februar 2003 festgelegt – Konkurs – und Sanierungsrecht, Gesetzblatt. 2003 No. 60, Pos. 535. Der Konkurs bedeutet nicht mit dem Gewerbe auf zuhören. Kraft des Gerichtsurteils kann es mit dem Vertrag verkündet werden. Das heißt, der Schuldner kann zu einem gewissen Grad das Gewerbe weiterhin treiben und nach vorherigen Vereinbarungen seine Gläubiger abzahlen. Ansonsten umfasst der Konkurs die Liquidation des Schuldnervermögens. Ziel des Artikels ist es, die Besonderheiten des Konkurses der Unternehmen in Polen in den Jahren 2003–2013 zu präsentieren. Statistische Analyse der insolventen Unternehmen in Polen durchzuführen und deren Übereinstimmung mit den grundlegenden makroökonomischen Faktoren zu zeigen.

Suicide is the third cause of death at the age group 10–19 in the world. There are inter multiple risk factors of suicidal behaviours. In the case of children of alcoholics the increased number of suicide attempts is explained by genetic predisposition and accumulation of environmental risk factors. The aim of this study is to check whether parental alcoholism is associated with the number and repetition of suicide attempts and the age at which the first suicide attempt occurred among hospitalized psychiatric adolescents. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis – based on medical documentation – of 119 patients aged 13–18, treated during 2013–2014 at the Department of Adolescent Psychiatry in Łódź for: schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders, mood disorders, neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders, behavioural and emotional disorders according to ICD-10. The exclusion criteria were other psychiatric diagnoses, incomplete family history and lack of information about intended self-harm behaviours. The patients were selected at random. The number and repetition of suicide attempts, the age at which the first suicide attempt occurred, parental alcoholism and family history of suicidal behaviours were examined. Analyses were carried out using Statistica 9.1. Results: Parental alcoholism did not statistically significantly affect (p > 0.05)the prevalence or repetition of suicide attempts among psychiatrically treated adolescents. The first suicide attempts were not made by adolescents – also considering the gender, diagnosis, and familial suicidal behaviours. Conclusions: In almost half of the examined psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents at least one parent met the parental alcoholism criteria. Suicide attempts occurred in over 50% of the examined patients, with somewhat higher incidence in girls whose parents met the parental alcoholism criteria, as compared to those without parental alcoholism history. No significant correlation was found between parental alcoholism and the incidence of offspring’s suicide attempts, repetition of suicide attempts, and the age at which suicide attempt is made. The research on the correlation between the prevalence of suicide attempts among psychiatrically treated adolescents and parental alcoholism should also involve appraisal of the family functioning.

The theoretical analysis of four fundamental laser-assisted non-linear scattering processes are summarized in this review. Our attention is focused on Thomson, Compton, Møller and Mott scattering in the presence of intense electromagnetic radiation. Depending on the phenomena under considerations, we model the laser field as a single laser pulse of ultrashort duration (for Thomson and Compton scattering) or non-monochromatic trains of pulses (for Møller and Mott scattering).