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1. Elimination of ESAT-6 and CFP-10 from a candidate vaccine against bovine tuberculosis impaired its protection efficacy in the BALBc mouse model

Author

Maria Emilia Eirin, Elizabeth Andrea Garcia, Laura Inés Klepp, Fabiana Bigi, Federico Carlos Blanco, and Ximena Ferrara Muñiz

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Tuberculosis, 030231 tropical medicine, lcsh:QR1-502, complex mixtures, lcsh:Microbiology, cfp-10, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Antigen, Bacterial Proteins, vaccine, medicine, Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, bovine tuberculosis, esat-6, Mycobacterium bovis, Antigens, Bacterial, Vaccines, CFP-10, biology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, bacterial infections and mycoses, Virology, Diva, Vaccination, mycobacterium bovis, Infectious Diseases, ESAT-6, Cattle, Tuberculosis, Bovine
Abstract

Background Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonotic disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis that mainly affects cattle. Although vaccination is the most effective strategy to control bTB, it may interfere with the diagnosis of the infection. Therefore, ancillary tests to differentiate vaccinated from infected animals (DIVA) are essential in a cattle vaccination scenario. ESAT-6 and CFP-10 are the most promissory DIVA antigens. Method In this study, we deleted esat6 and cfp10 genes from the M. bovis Δ mce2 live-attenuated vaccine candidate and evaluated its protection level against bTB in BALBc mice. Results We found that the M. bovis strain mutant in mce2, esat-6 and cfp-10 failed to confer protection against virulent M. bovis challenge in a mouse model of tuberculosis. Conclusions This result highlights the relevant role of ESAT-6 and CFP-10 in the induction of protective immune response against M. bovis infection and reveals the need of evaluating different strategies to compensate for the lack of these DIVA antigens in new vaccine formulations.

Published
2020

2. Limited usefulness of the IS6110 touchdown-PCR in blood for tuberculin skin test false-negative cattle with serological response to Mycobacterium bovis

Author

Micaela Encinas, Ximena Ferrara Muñiz, Romina Ayelén Sammarruco, Victoria Ruiz Menna, Carlos Javier Garro, Fernando Delgado, Analía Macías, Gabriel Magnano, Martín José Zumárraga, Sergio Gabriel Garbaccio, and María Emilia Eirin

Subjects
bovine tuberculosis, anergy, diagnosis, IS6110 touchdown-PCR, blood, false-negative, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Ante-mortem diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is based mainly on the tuberculin skin test (TST) and the ɣ-IFN release assay (IGRA). Some infected animals escape screening tests, thus, limit herd sanitation. Previous reports have suggested a predominant pattern of multi-organ lesions attributable to Mycobacterium bovis (the causative agent of bTB) bacteraemia. A case–control study was conducted to investigate blood PCR as an alternative tool for improving ante-mortem detection of TST false-negative bovines. Cases comprised 70 TST false-negative bovines (cases), which were serology positive, and controls included 81 TST positive bovines; all of them confirmed as infected with M. bovis. Detection of the IS6110 target through touchdown blood-PCR (IS6110 TD-PCR) was performed. The positivity of the blood-PCR was 27.2% in the control group. This performance was similar to the 15% obtained among cases (p = 0.134). Most cases identified by the IS6110 TD-PCR exhibited focalized lesions (p = 0.002). Results demonstrated that blood-PCR could detect TST false-negative cattle, even if they are negative for IGRA. Considering that cases exhibited humoral response to M. bovis, further studies conducted in a pre-serological stage could provide evidence about the real contribution of the technique in herds.

Published
2024
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3. Field Trial with Vaccine Candidates Against Bovine Tuberculosis Among Likely Infected Cattle in a Natural Transmission Setting

Author

Ximena Ferrara Muñiz, Elizabeth García, Federico Carlos Blanco, Sergio Garbaccio, Carlos Garro, Martín Zumárraga, Odir Dellagostin, Marcos Trangoni, María Jimena Marfil, Maria Verónica Bianco, Alejandro Abdala, Javier Revelli, Maria Bergamasco, Adriana Soutullo, Rocío Marini, Rosana Valeria Rocha, Amorina Sánchez, Fabiana Bigi, Ana María Canal, María Emilia Eirin, and Angel Adrián Cataldi

Subjects
tuberculosis, bovine, vaccine, live attenuated, field trial, Medicine
Abstract

Background/Objectives: Vaccines may improve the control and eradication of bovine tuberculosis. However, the evaluation of experimental candidates requires the assessment of the protection, excretion, transmission and biosafety. A natural transmission trial among likely infected animals was conducted. Methods: Seventy-four male heifers were randomly distributed (five groups) and vaccinated subcutaneously with attenuated strains (M. bovis Δmce2 or M. bovis Δmce2-phoP), a recombinant M. bovis BCG Pasteur (BCGr) or M. bovis BCG Pasteur. Then, they cohoused with a naturally infected bTB cohort under field conditions exposed to the infection. Results: A 23% of transmission of wild-type strains was confirmed (non-vaccinated group). Strikingly, first vaccination did not induce immune response (caudal fold test and IFN-gamma release assay). However, after 74 days of exposure to bTB, animals were re-vaccinated. Although their sensitization increased throughout the trial, the vaccines did not confer significant protection, when compared to the non-vaccinated group, as demonstrated by pathology progression of lesions and confirmatory tools. Besides, the likelihood of acquiring the infection was similar in all groups compared to the non-vaccinated group (p > 0.076). Respiratory and digestive excretion of viable vaccine candidates was undetectable. To note, the group vaccinated with M. bovis Δmce2-phoP exhibited the highest proportion of animals without macroscopic lesions, compared to the one vaccinated with BCG, although this was not statistically supported. Conclusions: This highlights that further evaluation of these vaccines would not guarantee better protection. The limitations detected during the trial are discussed regarding the transmission rate of M. bovis wild-type, the imperfect test for studying sensitization, the need for a DIVA diagnosis and management conditions of the trials performed under routine husbandry conditions. Re-vaccination of likely infected bovines did not highlight a conclusive result, even suggesting a detrimental effect on those vaccinated with M. bovis BCG.

Published
2024
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4. Transmissibility of Mycobacterium pinnipedii in a murine model

Author

María Jimena Marfil, Federico Carlos Blanco, María Alejandra Colombatti Olivieri, María Emilia Eirin, and Martín José Zumárraga

Subjects
M. pinnipedii, M. bovis, transmissibility, mice, experimental model, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

The causative agent of tuberculosis in pinnipeds is Mycobacterium pinnipedii, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). The natural hosts are pinnipeds; however, other non-marine mammals, including humans, can also be infected. The transmissibility of a pathogen is related to its virulence. The transmissibility of a M. pinnipedii strain (i.e., 1856) was investigated in a murine model and compared with that of two Mycobacterium bovis strains (i.e., 534 and 04-303) with different reported virulence. Non-inoculated mice (sentinels) were co-housed with intratracheally inoculated mice. Detailed inspection of mice to search for visible tuberculosis lesions in the lungs and spleen was performed, and bacillus viability at 30, 60, and 90 days post-inoculation (dpi) was assayed. A transmissibility of 100% was recorded at 30 dpi in sentinel mice co-housed with the inoculated mice from the M. pinnipedii and M. bovis 04-303 groups, as evidenced by the recovery of viable M. pinnipedii and M. bovis from the lungs of sentinel mice. Mice inoculated with M. pinnipedii (1856) and M. bovis (534) survived until euthanized, whereas five of the M. bovis 04-303-inoculated mice died at 17 dpi. This study constitutes the first report of the transmissibility of a M. pinnipedii strain in mice and confirms the utility of this experimental model to study virulence features such as the transmission of poorly characterized MTC species.

Published
2024
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5. Mycobacterium bovis ESAT-6, CFP-10 and EspC antigens show high conservation among field isolates

Author

Claudia Morsella, Soledad Barandiaran, Laura Zapata, Maria Jimena Marfil, Martín José Zumárraga, Maria Emilia Eirin, P. Huertas, Fabiana Bigi, Micaela Encinas, Ángel Adrián Cataldi, Gabriel Magnano, Fernando Paolicchi, Analía Macias, and Sergio Garbaccio

Subjects
DNA, Bacterial, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Tuberculosis, Genotype, CFP-10, Immunology, Virulence, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS, complex mixtures, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Tuberculosis diagnosis, ESAT-6, FIELD ISOLATES, medicine, Animals, ESPC, Gene, Conserved Sequence, Genetics, Antigens, Bacterial, Mycobacterium bovis, Polymorphism, Genetic, Base Sequence, biology, BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS, Ciencias Veterinarias, bacterial infections and mycoses, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, POLYMORPHISM, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, CIENCIAS AGRÍCOLAS, Mutation, Cattle, Tuberculosis, Bovine
Abstract

ESAT-6, CFP-10 and EspC are virulence factors that have been extensively assayed for bovine and human tuberculosis diagnosis due their potent T-cell inducing activities. While polymorphisms of ESAT-6 and CFP-10 were analyzed, with the description of CFP-10 variants in M. tuberculosis, this fact has not been explored in M. bovis field isolates. The coding sequences of esxA (ESAT-6), esxB (CFP-10) and mb3645c (EspC) from 58 M. bovis strains exhibiting genomic variability (spoligotyping) were analyzed. Two genes –esxA and esxB – remained invariant while mb3645c exhibited one synonymous polymorphism (G to A mutation, position 66bp) in one isolate, compared to M. bovis AF2122/97 reference strain. All isolates exhibited a synonymous nucleotide polymorphism simultaneously (G to A mutation, position 255bp), compared to M. tuberculosis H37Rv reference strain. This study confirms the high conservation for ESAT-6, CFP-10 and EspC in local M. bovis field isolates and reinforce the use of these three antigens in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. Further studies should be performed to globally confirm these findings. Fil: Encinas, Micaela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Marfil, Maria Jimena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina Fil: Garbaccio, Sergio Gabriel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Patobiología; Argentina Fil: Barandiaran, Soledad. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Huertas, Pablo Sebastián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Morsella, C.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina Fil: Macías, A.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina Fil: Magnano, Gabriel Gustavo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina Fil: Zapata, L.. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Patología Animal; Argentina Fil: Bigi, Fabiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Cataldi, Ángel Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina Fil: Paolicchi, Fernando Alberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina Fil: Zumárraga, Martín José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina Fil: Eirin, Maria Emilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas. Instituto de Biotecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Published
2018

6. Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis D virus in blood donors from Argentina: circulation of HBsAg and reverse transcriptase mutants

Author

Maria Emilia Eirin, Emiliano Alberto Gentile, Gabriela Pataccini, Mirna M. Biglione, Jose Raul Oubiña, María Luján Cuestas, Veronica Lidia Mathet, Williams René Pedrozo, Richard Malan, Carolina Andrea Berini, Cecilia María Delfino, Jorgelina Blejer, Camila Cánepa, and Amalia Inés Castillo

Subjects
Gene Expression Regulation, Viral, HBsAg, Hepatitis B virus, CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y DE LA SALUD, Population, Argentina, Inmunología, Blood Donors, Natural antiviral resistance, medicine.disease_cause, Blood donors, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, law.invention, Serology, Hepatitis D virus, law, Virology, Genotype, medicine, Humans, Cloning, Molecular, education, Phylogeny, Polymerase chain reaction, education.field_of_study, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, biology, virus diseases, RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, General Medicine, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis D, digestive system diseases, Medicina Básica, DNA, Viral, Mutation, biology.protein, Hepatitis Delta Virus, Antibody, Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Abstract

In Argentina, current procedures to ensure the safety of the blood supply for transfusion include the serologic detection of specific blood-borne infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and the genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) in blood donor populations from two distantly located Argentine regions. Data from 56,983 blood donations from the Favaloro Foundation, in the city of Buenos Aires (Central Region), and the Central Blood Bank of Misiones Province (Northeast Region) were analyzed. Samples that were reactive for HBsAg were analyzed for HBV-DNA characterization and HDV serological and molecular analysis. The HBV prevalence was 0.12 % for HBsAg and 1.68 % for anti-HBc antibodies in Buenos Aires, and 0.73 % and 8.55 %, respectively, in Misiones. Seventy-seven HBsAg-reactive samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for HBV-DNA. Subgenotypes A2, B2, C2, F1b and F4 (Buenos Aires) and F1b and D3 (Misiones) were detected. Several mutations within the major hydrophilic region of HBsAg, the reverse transcriptase, the basal core promoter, and the precore/core were detected. HDV genotype 1 was identified in Buenos Aires. This study confirms the circulation of several HBV subgenotypes, as well as known and newly identified variants, and the presence of HDV1 in this population. A thorough investigation has to be carried out to evaluate the clinical importance of some of the documented mutations as well as those detected in the HDV1 case. Fil: Delfino, Cecilia María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentina Fil: Gentile, Emiliano Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica; Argentina Fil: Castillo, Amalia Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica; Argentina Fil: Cuestas, María Luján. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica; Argentina Fil: Pataccini, Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentina Fil: Cánepa, Camila. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentina Fil: Malan, Richard. Provincia de Misiones. Banco de Sangre Central; Argentina Fil: Blejer, Jorgelina L.. Fundación Favaloro; Argentina Fil: Berini, Carolina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentina Fil: Eirin, Maria Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentina Fil: Pedrozo, Williams René. Provincia de Misiones. Banco de Sangre Central; Argentina Fil: Oubiña, Jose Raul. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica; Argentina Fil: Biglione, Mirna Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentina Fil: Mathet, Veronica Lidia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Médica; Argentina

Published
2014
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7. Ethnic/geographic analysis Of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection among Buenos Aires residents in Argentina

Author

Leandro Roberto Jones, Carolina Andrea Berini, Maria Emilia Eirin, Mirna M. Biglione, Cecilia María Delfino, and Claudio Bravi

Subjects
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, biology, Ethnic group, Human T-lymphotropic virus, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Infectious Diseases, Geographic analysis, Meeting Abstract, parasitic diseases, HTLV-1 Infection, Socioeconomics, lcsh:RC581-607
Abstract

HTLV-1 is endemic in the Northwest among Kolla natives while Buenos Aires city (BA) is considered as non-endemic. In the last decades, migrations to BA have changed from Europeans to Latin-Americans from countries with endemic focus for HTLV-1 infection (Bolivia, Paraguay, Peru, Brazil, and Chile) and also from different African countries.

Published
2011

8. Decreasing trends in HTLV-1/2 but stable HIV-1 infection among replacement donors in Argentina

Author

Susana Pascuccio, Willi McFarland, Silvina A. Gendler, Carolina Andrea Berini, Edward L. Murphy, Luisa Carnevali, Maria Emilia Eirin, Mirna M. Biglione, and Kimberly Page

Subjects
Adult, Male, Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing, Otras Ciencias Biológicas, Argentina, Prevalence, Developing country, Blood Donors, HIV Infections, Comorbidity, Microbiology, Serology, Ciencias Biológicas, Young Adult, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Virology, Medicine, Animals, Humans, Young adult, Sida, ARGENTINA, biology, business.industry, HIV, HTLV, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, HTLV-I Infections, Good Health and Well Being, Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology, HTLV-II Infections, BLOOD DONORS, Female, Viral disease, business, Infection, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

In Argentina, current procedures to ensure safety of the blood supply for transfusion include reviewing the records of blood donors with particular attention to the serologic detection of specific blood borne infections. Data of 28,483 blood donations received from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2008 in a public hospital in Buenos Aires were analyzed. Of the 28,483 blood donations, 7,442 (26.1%) were female donors, 14,582 (51.2%) were younger than 35 years old, and 23,746 (83.4%) were Argentine. Among all, only 285 (1.0%) were voluntary donations. The prevalence of HTLV-1/2 was 0.1% (95% CI 0.063-0.15), being 0.07% for HTLV-1 and 0.03% for HTLV-2. The prevalence of HIV-1 was 0.2% (95% CI 0.110-0.206). No HIV-1/HTLV-1/2 co-infections were detected among volunteer donors. During this study period, data confirm that HTLV-1/2 infection was not endemic in Buenos Aires, and that the prevalence of HTLV-1/2 decreased throughout while HIV-1 was stable. Due to the small number of voluntary donations, we could not conduct comparisons to infection rates in replacement donations. Although there have been several ongoing programs aimed at recruiting voluntary blood donations and changing from mostly replacement donations to an altruistic system of blood donations, Argentina is still far from reaching this objective. Additional efforts are needed in order to increase and assure the quality of blood supply in this country. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Fil: Berini, Carolina Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentina Fil: Gendler, Silvina A.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; Argentina Fil: Pascuccio, Susana. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; Argentina Fil: Eirin, Maria Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentina Fil: McFarland, Willi. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Page, Kimberly. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Carnevali, Luisa. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos "Juan A. Fernández"; Argentina Fil: Murphy, Edward. University of California; Estados Unidos. Blood Systems Research Institute; Estados Unidos Fil: Biglione, Mirna Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Sida; Argentina

Published
2010
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9. Presence of HTLV-IIb among HIV-1 positive IDUs in Argentina

Author

Horacio Salomón, Mirna M. Biglione, Mercedes Weissenbacher, Liliana Martínez Peralta, Maria Emilia Eirin, Carolina Andrea Berini, and María A. Pando

Subjects
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Population, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), virus diseases, medicine.disease_cause, Bioinformatics, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Poster Presentation, Medicine, business, education, lcsh:RC581-607, Demography
Abstract

Conclusion These results correlate with previous studies conducted among IDUs from New York city, Vietnam and Southern Europe where HTLV-IIb was more frequently found. In contrast, IIa is found among IDUs from other regions of the USA, Europe and Brazil. This is the first time in which subtype b is described in Argentina among IDUs. Its presence may be due to migrations of aborigines to big cities and the introduction of drugs in this population. Lately, there was also a high rate of migration and tourism to Argentina, especially from southern Europe and USA, possibly contributing to the spread of HTLV-IIb in our country. Interestingly, the IIa sample described here was found to be related with Brazilian aborigine sequences in contrast to the previous Argentinian IDU which was closer to African isolates. from 2006 International Meeting of The Institute of Human Virology Baltimore, USA. 17–21 November, 2006

Published
2006

10. HLA association with HTLV-1/2 infection in different populations of Argentina

Author

Maria Emilia Eirin, Cecilia María Delfino, Richard Malan, Carolina Andrea Berini, Graciela Theiler, Rogelio Espejo, and Mirna M. Biglione

Subjects
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, biology, business.industry, virus diseases, Human leukocyte antigen, Disease, Hla association, Bioinformatics, Infectious Diseases, immune system diseases, Virology, Immunology, Meeting Abstract, biology.protein, Medicine, Allele, Antibody, lcsh:RC581-607, business
Abstract

HLA class 1 alleles HLA-A*24,*26 and HLA-B*07,*61 were associated to susceptibility for HTLV-1 infection.While HLA-A*02 was associated to protection to HAM/TSP, HLA-B*07 was associated to susceptibility for disease. Alleles HLA-A*02 and HLA-B*27,*40,*48 were described in aboriginal populations of Russia genetically related to Andean aborigines. This study analyzed the association of HLA with susceptibility to HTLV-1 or -2 infections.

Published
2011

11. Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (Htlv-1): a new subgroup within the cosmopolitan subtype

Author

Dario A. Dilernia, Carolina Andrea Berini, Leandro Roberto Jones, Cecilia María Delfino, Maria Emilia Eirin, and Mirna Marcela Biglione

Subjects
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, West african, Infectious Diseases, Virology, Meeting Abstract, North african, Biology, Human T-lymphotropic virus, biology.organism_classification, lcsh:RC581-607
Abstract

HTLV-1 is classified in seven subtypes (a-g) most of them restricted to specific regions (b-e), while the Cosmopolitan subtype (a) is worldwide distributed. Cosmopolitan subtype has experimented a degree of molecular diversity giving rise to five subgroups: Transcontinental (A), Japanese (B), West African (C), North African (D) and Black Peruvian (E).

Published
2011

12. Epidemiology of Pig Tuberculosis in Argentina

Author

Soledad Barandiaran, María Jimena Marfil, Guillermo Capobianco, María Sol Pérez Aguirreburualde, Martín José Zumárraga, María Emilia Eirin, María Ximena Cuerda, Marina Winter, Marcela Martínez Vivot, Andres Maximiliano Perez, and Luciano Francisco La Sala

Subjects
bovine tuberculosis, pigs, spoligotyping, surveillance, farm-level epidemiological variables, Mycobacterium bovis, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease caused mainly by the Mycobacterium bovis and that is endemic to livestock populations in most Latin American countries. Traditionally, bTB control programs are costly and targeted to cattle, largely disregarding other species such as swine and wildlife. According to official services, in Argentina disease prevalence in pigs is comparable to that observed in cattle, suggesting the need for efficient control programs to manage the disease in both species. Additionally, extensive farming systems, which are commonly practiced in Argentina, allow the interaction between livestock and wildlife such as wild boar (Sus scrofa), which is considered a natural host of the disease. Here, we evaluated the bTB pigs- cattle interface, studying the dynamics of M. bovis isolates in the pig population and identifying farm-level epidemiological variables associated with the disease confirmation at slaughterhouses. Additionally, to assess the potential multi-host systems in the transmission of bTB, the molecular characterization of wild boar mycobacterial strains was included in the study, as this interaction has not been previously evaluated in this region. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between farm-level epidemiological variables (location, farm size, and co-existence with cattle and goats) and bTB confirmation in pig tuberculosis-like lesions samples. Results showed that when cattle were present, the odds of bTB in pigs decreased 0.3 or 0.6% for every additional sow when cattle were present or absent in the farm, respectively. Pigs shared 60% (18/30) of the genotypes with cattle and wild boar, suggesting transmission at the interface between pigs and cattle and highlighting the potential role of wild boar in bTB maintenance. These results provide novel information about the molecular diversity of M. bovis strains in pigs in Argentina and proposes the potential relevance of a multi-host system in the epidemiology of bTB in the region. The statistical models presented here may be used in the design of a low cost, abattoir-based surveillance program for bTB in the pig industry in Argentina, with potential extension to other settings with similar epidemiological conditions.

Published
2021
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