Search

Abstract Objective To determine the association of a metabolomic profile with the diagnosis of localized prostate cancer. Methods We conducted a search strategy in MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE, LILACS, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from 2008 to the present. We included Clinical trials and analytical and descriptive observational studies that reported metabolite results and metabolite profiles in serum, tissue, urine, and seminal fluid. All studies used metabolomic techniques such as MS and MRI to identify patients with localized prostate cancer compared with patients without cancer. We used QUADAS 2 to assess the risk of bias. Results We found 1248 studies with the search strategy. Finally, 14 case–control studies were included. Serum was the primary sample to identify the metabolites. Low concern was found regarding applying the index test and the reference standard in assessing the risk of bias. The metabolites of interest associated with establishing a metabolomic profile in the diagnosis of localized prostate cancer were amino acids, lipids, androgens, estrogens, nucleotides, and histidine metabolism. Conclusion Disturbances in the metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, nucleotides, and steroid hormones were identified, suggesting the presence of localized prostate cancer. Importantly, serum samples showed an increase in amino acid levels. Glutamate and aspartic acid stand out among the amino acids that register high levels. In addition, glycine and serine were consistently decreased metabolites in the three kinds of biological samples analyzed.

Introduction: Iodine is an essential mineral for fetal growth and brain development. The aim of this research was to evaluate goiter, iodine deficiency and intrauterine growth restriction in pregnant women of minority ethnic groups in Colombia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in six non-metropolitan areas of Colombia. Results: A total of 318 Indigenous and Afro-descendant pregnant women were invited to participate: 248 (83.2%) Indigenous and 50 (16.8%) Afro-descendants were studied. The mean age was 24 years (range 13-44 years). Of the women, 130 (43.5%) were from the department of Cauca, 72 (24.1%) were from Córdoba, 28 (9.4%) were from Guajira, 26 (8.8%) were from Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, 22 (7.4%) were from Amazonas, 16 (5.4%) were from Meta and 4 (1.3%) were from the department of Cesar. A total of 244 (81.8%) were illiterate and 291 (97.7%) were of very low socioeconomic level. Goiter was observed in 69 (23.3%) pregnant women (38 (41.7%) from the department of Cauca, 10 (35.7%) from Guajira, 5 (31.2%) from Meta, 6 (27.2%) from Amazonas and 10 (13.8%) from Córdoba). Iodine deficiency (

Introducción. Se han observado niveles séricos alterados de zinc, más altos o más bajos, en personas afectadas por enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Sin embargo, la información sobre determinantes de zinc sérico en poblaciones sin enfermedad crónica es muy limitada. Objetivo. Evaluar si la ingestión de nutrientes, las medidas bioquímicas y clínicas, el estilo de vida y los antecedentes familiares de las enfermedades cardiometabólicas están asociados de forma independiente con los niveles de zinc en individuos aparentemente sanos. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron 239 sujetos sanos. El zinc sérico se midió por espectrometría de absorción atómica de llama y el resto de los marcadores bioquímicos por métodos enzimáticos-colorimétricos. Se utilizaron técnicas estándar para medir la antropometría. Se aplicó una encuesta para registrar antecedentes personales y familiares, y se estimó el consumo de nutrientes por recordatorio de 24 horas. Resultados. Las mujeres tenían niveles séricos de zinc más bajos que los hombres. En los análisis multivariados, la ingestión total de grasas (β = -0,15; error estándar = 0,03; p

The antitumor potential of proteins from snake venoms has been studied in recent decades, and evidence has emerged that phospholipases A2 can selectively attack cells of various types of tumors. Previous results have shown that phospholipase A2 “Pllans-II,” isolated from Porthidium lansbergii lansbergii snake venom, displayed antitumoral activity on cervical cancer and did not alter the viability of non-tumorigenic cells. However, until now, there was no evidence of its safety at the local and systemic levels, nor had experiments been developed to demonstrate that its production using recombinant technology allows us to obtain a molecule with effects similar to those generated by native phospholipase. Thus, we evaluated the impact caused by Pllans-II on murine biomodels, determining whether it induced local hemorrhage or increased pro-inflammatory and liver damage markers and histological alterations in the liver and kidneys. Additionally, the protein was produced using recombinant technology using a pET28a expression vector and the BL21 (DE3) Escherichia coli strain. Equally, its enzymatic activity and anticancer effect were evaluated on cervical cancer lines such as HeLa and Ca Ski. The results demonstrated that Pllans-II did not generate hemorrhagic activity, nor did it increase the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1B, or TNF-α at doses of 3.28, 1.64, and 0.82 mg/kg. There was also no evidence of organ damage, and only ALT and AST increased in mild levels at the two highest concentrations. Additionally, the recombinant version of Pllans-II showed conservation in its catalytic activity and the ability to generate death in HeLa and Ca Ski cells (42% and 23%, respectively). These results demonstrate the innocuity of Pllans-II at the lowest dose and constitute an advance in considering a molecule produced using recombinant technology a drug candidate for selective attacks against cervical cancer.

Despite advances in chemotherapeutic drugs used against cervical cancer, available chemotherapy treatments adversely affect the patient’s quality of life. For this reason, new molecules from natural sources with antitumor potential and few side effects are required. In previous research, Pllans−II, a phospholipase A2 type-Asp49 from Porthidium lansbergii lansbergii snake venom, has shown selective attack against the HeLa and Ca Ski cervical cancer cell lines. This work suggests that the cytotoxic effect generated by Pllans−II on HeLa cells is triggered without affecting the integrity of the cytoplasmic membrane or depolarizing the mitochondrial membranes. The results allow us to establish that cell death in HeLa is related to the junction blockage between α5β1 integrins and fibronectin of the extracellular matrix. Pllans−II reduces the cells’ ability of adhesion and affects survival and proliferation pathways mediated by intracellular communication with the external environment. Our findings confirmed Pllans−II as a potential prototype for developing a selective chemotherapeutic drug against cervical cancer.

Body iron excess appears to be related to insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk and increased oxidative stress might be involved in this relationship. Very few studies have described the association between soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels and cardiometabolic risk in the general population or antioxidant status. There were 239 subjects (20–65 years old) included in this cross-sectional study. Linear regressions adjusting for BMI, menopausal status, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), physical inactivity, alcohol intake and subclinical/chronic inflammation were used to describe the association between sTfR, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and measures of cardio-metabolic risk. sTfR levels were positively associated with TAC in men (βeta [95% confidence interval ]: 0.31 [0.14 to 0.48]) and women (βeta = 0.24 [0.07 to 0.40]) in non-adjusted and adjusted models (p < 0.05). In men, sTfR levels were inversely associated with waist circumference (βeta [95% confidence interval]: −1.12 [−2.30 to −0.22]) and fasting glucose (−2.7 (−4.82 to −0.57), and positively with LDL cholesterol (12.41 (6.08 to 18.57) before and after adjustments for confounding variables. LDL cholesterol had a significant and positive association with TAC in non-adjusted and adjusted models in men (p < 0.05). sTfR levels are significantly associated with antioxidant status and a few specific cardio-metabolic risk variables, independently of covariates that included serum ferritin and hepcidin. This might imply that iron biomarkers in regard to cardiometabolic risk reflect physiological contexts other than iron metabolism.

Due to the lack of chemotherapeutic drugs that selectively affect cervical cancer cells, natural sources such as snake venom are currently being investigated for molecules with antitumor potential. Pllans–II, a phospholipase A2 type–Asp49 from Porthidium lansbergii lansbergii snake venom, induced cell death in a cervical cancer cell line—Ca Ski—related to dysfunction in the ability to resolve endoplasmic reticulum stress, evidenced by sub–expression of genes such as PERK, ERO1 PDIs, HSP70, and CHOP. Western blot analysis validated the last two genes′ sub–expression at the protein level. In addition, Pllans–II presented a dose–dependent cytotoxic effect on cancer cells and an insignificant effect on healthy endothelial cells (HUVEC). Additionally, Pllans–II inhibited cancer cells′ adhesion and migration capacity, induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and induced apoptosis stimulated possibly by the extrinsic route. These results demonstrate for the first time that Pllans–II has an antitumor effect on a squamous epithelial cervical cancer cell line and represents a possible biotechnological tool for designing a prominent antitumor agent.

Introducción. El síndrome metabólico, conjunto de anomalías metabólicas que incluyen resistencia a la insulina, obesidad central, dislipidemia, hipertensión e inflamación, es una herramienta importante para explorar los factores asociados a enfermedades cardiovasculares. Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relación de los niveles autorreportados de actividad física y los elementos del Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), con el síndrome metabólico y las variables relacionadas con el riesgo cardiovascular en 89 mujeres. Materiales y métodos. La versión corta del Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física se aplicó para clasificar a los sujetos en tres categorías: actividad física insuficiente, suficiente y muy activa. El síndrome metabólico se evaluó según los criterios de la Federación Internacional de Diabetes y se midieron los parámetros bioquímicos y antropométricos. Resultados. Veintidós participantes (23 %) presentaron síndrome metabólico y 66 mujeres (74,2 %) fueron clasificadas en la categoría de actividad física insuficiente. No se encontró asociación entre la actividad física insuficiente y el síndrome metabólico. Se encontraron correlaciones inversas entre los días y minutos de actividad física de moderada intensidad por semana con la circunferencia de cintura (ρ=-0,327, y ρ=-0,313, p

Introducción. La aterosclerosis es una enfermedad crónica asintomática que se inicia a edad temprana y es de difícil detección en esta etapa. Los estudios prospectivos sugieren una relación causal entre el nivel de colesterol sérico total en la niñez y la adolescencia, y el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares en la adultez. Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar, post mórtem, la prevalencia de lesiones ateroscleróticas tempranas en la arteria aorta de niños y su relación con los niveles de colesterol. Materiales y métodos. Se tomaron muestras de sangre y de aorta de 43 sujetos con edades menores de 17 años. Se hizo el análisis histopatológico (engrosamiento de la íntima e infiltrado inflamatorio) dela aorta torácica y la medición de colesterol en suero. Resultados. El análisis mostró engrosamiento de la íntima e infiltrado linfocitario en 93 % de los niños, e infiltrado de macrófagos en 79,1 %. Se encontró relación entre los terciles superiores de colesterol sérico y la presencia de múltiples lesiones en la pared de la aorta (p

evaluar la correlación entre las concentraciones séricas de ferritina y los marcadores de riesgo cardiovascular con el tiempo de actividad física y sedentarismo auto-reportados en hombres aparentemente sanos. Métodos: se incluyeron 69 hombres pertenecientes a tres empresas de servicio privado y público del área metropolitana de Cali, Colombia, con edades entre 25 y 64 años. Se aplicó la versión corta del International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) y se agruparon cuatro categorías de actividad física: 1. Minutos actividad física intensa (AFI)/semana. 2. Minutos actividad física moderada (AFM)/semana. 3. Minutos caminata/semana. 4. Minutos sentado/día. Los marcadores de riesgo cardiovascular se definieron con base en los criterios del ATP-III y la Federación Internacional de Diabetes. Resultados: se encontraron correlaciones positivas en los sujetos que auto-reportaban mayor tiempo en actividades sedentarias según la categoría del IPAQ (minutos promedio sentado/día) en los indicadores antropométricos: porcentaje de grasa corporal (rho=0,249, p

Objetivo: evaluar, en mujeres primigestantes saludables, el efecto del ejercicio aeróbico sobre el consumo de oxígeno. Materiales y métodos: estudio clínico aleatorizado en 64 mujeres saludables, primigestantes, entre 16 y 20 semanas de gestación. Grupo de intervención: ejercicio aeróbico entre el 50% y 65% de la frecuencia cardíaca máxima, durante 45 min, 3 veces por semana durante 16 semanas. Grupo control: actividad física habitual. Mediciones: consumo de oxígeno VO2max por prueba de caminata de seis minutos y antropometría para peso, talla y ganancia relativa de peso. Resultados: en las mediciones iniciales, no se encontraron diferencias entre grupos en ninguna de las variables. Al finalizar la intervención, las participantes que realizaron ejercicio presentaban una mayor capacidad física, medida por la distancia recorrida en el test de caminata (p=0,043) y por el VO2max (p=0,023). No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en las variables antropométricas. Conclusión: la práctica regular de ejercicio aeróbico y controlado, mejora la capacidad física en mujeres gestantes. Por esta razón, intervenciones como esta podrían ser una alternativa temprana y efectiva para fortalecer la prevención de patologías durante el embarazo asociadas al sedentarismo.Objective: evaluating the effect of aerobic exercise on oxygen consumption by healthy first-pregnancy females. Materials and methods: a randomized clinical trial was carried out on 64 healthy first-pregnancy females (16 to 20 weeks pregnant). Intervention group: aerobic exercise involving 50% to 65% maximum heart rate for 45 min, 3 times a week over a 16-week period. Control group: habitual physical activity. Measurements used: maximum oxygen consumption capacity test (VO2max) involving 6-minute walking test and anthropometric weight, height and relative weight gain indicators. Results: no differences were found in initial measurements between groups regarding any of the variables. By the end of the 16-week intervention, participants engaging in regular exercise presented greater physical capacity as measured by the distance covered in the walking (p=0.043) and VO2max (p=0.023) tests. No significant differences were found between groups regarding the anthropometric variables. Conclusion: engaging in regular controlled aerobic exercise improved physical capacity in pregnant females. Interventions like this could thus represent an early effective alternative for strengthening the prevention of physical inactivity pathologies during pregnancy.

Introducción. Muchos estudios han mostrado la relación entre la condición física durante la infancia y adolescencia y el riesgo cardiovascular en la edad adulta. Objetivos. Determinar los valores por edad y sexo de la condición física de niños y adolescentes de 10 a 16 años de Cali, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo en 1.773 niños y adolescentes de ambos sexos, 865 niños y 908 niñas, pertenecientes al estudio Identificación de factores de riesgo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles del adulto en la población escolarizada de 10 a 16 años en el Municipio de Cali, Colombia (IFRECNTEC), a quienes se les determinó la condición física con la prueba de capacidad física de trabajo a una frecuencia cardiaca de 170 por minuto (Physical Working Capacity, the workload at a heart rate of 170 bpm, PWC170), como marcador del volumen máximo de oxígeno (VO2máx). Se calcularon los valores percentiles (5, 25, 50, 75, 90 y 95) con el método de los mínimos cuadrados (Least Mean Squares, LMS) por curvas centiles que representan la asimetría, la mediana y la viariabilidad, utilizando el paquete estadístico Growth Analyzer®. Resultados. Se presentan los datos percentiles de la condición física en menores de 10 a 16 años, por primera vez en esta población. En los de sexo masculino, el percentil 50 medido con la prueba de PWC170 (VO2máx) se situó entre 49 y 43 ml/kg por minuto, y en las de sexo femenino, entre 52 y 40 ml/kg por minuto. Por otro lado, hay una tendencia a la disminución (~10 %) en el percentil 50, en en adolescentes de ambos sexos de 16 años de edad por VO2máx estimado. En general, en el sexo masculino hay más heterogeneidad que en el femenino, en términos de condición física mediante el VO2máx. Conclusión. Los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio permiten evaluar e interpretar correctamente la condición física de niños y adolescentes de 10 a 16 años. También, indican que la condición física de este grupo de edad en Colombia, se debe mejorar para ayudar a protegerlos contra las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la edad adulta.

OBJETIVO: evaluar el efecto del ejercicio aeróbico en la función dependiente del endotelio (VDE) y en el consumo de oxígeno en mujeres primigestantes. MÉTODOS: ensayo clínico controlado, enmascarado y aleatorizado, llevado a cabo en 67 mujeres saludables, primigestantes, entre 16 a 20 semanas de gestación. Grupo de intervención: ejercicio aeróbico entre 50% y 65% de la frecuencia cardiaca máxima, durante 45 minutos, tres veces por semana, durante dieciséis semanas. Grupo control: actividad física habitual. Mediciones: VDE: vasodilatación mediada por flujo (VMF), consumo de oxígeno VO2max: prueba de caminata de seis minutos; antropometría: peso y talla. RESULTADOS: en las mediciones iniciales no se encontraron diferencias entre grupos en ninguna de las variables. Al finalizar la intervención, las participantes que realizaron ejercicio tenían mayor capacidad física, medida por la distancia recorrida en el test de caminata (p=0,043) y por el VO2max (p=0,023). Además, el grupo de ejercicio tuvo menor frecuencia cardiaca en reposo y mayor VMF que el grupo control (pOBJECTIVE: evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise on endothelium-dependent function (EDF) and oxygen consumption in primigravida. METHODS: double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial carried out in primigravida between 16 to 20 weeks of gestation. The intervention group had aerobic exercise between 50% to 65% of the maximum heart rate during 45 minutes, three times a week for sixteen weeks. The control group had habitual physical activity. MEASUREMENTS REALIZED: EDF: flow-mediated dilation (FMD), oxygen consumption VO2max: 6 minute walking test, anthropometry: weight and size. RESULTS: no differences were found between the two groups in any variables in the initial measurements. At the end of the intervention, participants who exercised had greater physical capacity, measured by the distance covered in walking test (p = 0.043) and VO2max (p = 0.023). In addition, the exercise group had lower resting heart rate and increased FMD than the control group (p

Colombia presenta cambios en la estructura de población y mortalidad similares a la de la mayoría de los países de América con un nivel avanzado de transición epidemiológica. Las enfermedades crónicas son la primera causa de muerte en los municipios con alta concentración urbana. Con el objetivo de identificar en escolares factores asociados con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles del adulto se efectuó un estudio de la población escolar de Cali estratificando por edad, sexo y estrato socioeconómico(ESE). Por muestreo aleatorio se incluyeron 2.807 escolares de 14 colegios a en quienes se midió antropometría, consumo de alimentos, presión arterial, maduración sexual, capacidad física de trabajo y bioquímica sanguínea. Las medias de talla y peso encontradas fueron inferiores a la referencia internacional y superiores a estudios previos. Por el contrario los de masa corporal fueron superiores. El pico aparente de crecimiento fue 14 años en hombres y 11 en niñas. Madurez, 12 años en mujeres y 16,9 en hombres, menarca a los 11.9 años. La capacidad física de trabajo fue superior en el ESE bajo. Se encontró un porcentaje elevado de dislipidemias, 19,5% con presión sistólica ³ 120mm. y 24% con diastólica ³ 70 mm. Consumo de energía y proteína adecuada pero alta en grasas y carbohidratos simples. No existen deficiencias de macronutrientes aunque sí en la ingesta de algunos minerales como calcio y hierro. Los hallazgos indican una población con consumo inadecuado, masa corporal y grasa elevada y dislipidemias, que puede representar riesgo de aumento de enfermedades crónicas en el futuro.Similar to other countries in America, Colombia and the Department of Valle present changes in their population structure and mortality suggesting an advanced epidemiological transition status. Grouped, chronic diseases represent the principal cause of death in municipalities with high urban concentration. To identify associated factors of chronic conditions later in life, school children stratified by age, socio-economic level and gender were studied. By random sampling of 14 schools 2.807 children were examined to measure: anthropometry, work capacity, food intake, sexual maturation, blood pressure, and blood levels of glucose and lipids. Weight and height for all ages and gender were lower than international reference but higher than in previous studies. On the contrary body mass indicators were higher. Work capacity adjusted for body weight was higher in low income children. Mean age of menarche was 11,9 years. The relative peak of growth was 11 years for girls and 14 for boys. Maturity was reached at 12 years in women and 17 in men. Blood lipids were considered high and borderline high in a large proportion of the students, while 19,5% had systolic blood pressure ³ 120 mm. and 24% diastolic ³ 70. Intake of protein and energy was adequate, but diet was high in fat and sugar. There was not deficiency in macro nutrients but dietary intake of some minerals was low, specially iron and calcium. The findings indicate a population with unbalanced diet and disturbing high body mass and lipid concentration that could represent in the future an increase in the already high prevalence of chronic diseases.

La lipemia postprandial como factor asociado a aterogénesis está correlacionada con el desarrollo de Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles (ECNT). Con el objetivo de determinar factores que modifican lipemia postprandial en respuesta a ingesta mixta de carbohidratos-lípidos en adultos jóvenes de diferentes etnias, se realizó estudio descriptivo no aleatorio con 51 sujetos (23.8± 4años) sanos, con registro de datos personales, clasificación étnica; Test Corto Insulina, prueba de lipemia postprandial, cálculo de índice masa corporal (IMC) y Área Bajo la Curva(ABC) para evaluación postprandial. Alta porcentaje (80%) con antecedentes familiares de ECNT y sedentarismo. Los resultados mostraron promedios altos de ABC de glucosa, triglicéridos y Ácidos Grasos No Esterificados(AGNE); El ABC de glucosa con diferencias por edad(pPostprandial lipemia in colombian young adults from different ethnias. Postprandial lipemia has been associated with atherogenesis an other non infectious chronic diseases. A descriptive, non aleatory study of 51 healthy young adults (23.8 ± 4 years) of different ethnic background was carried out to identify possible personal or life style factors associated with the response of plasma lipids after a mixed carbohydrate and lipid load. Personal, family, life styles including use of drugs and activity and ethnic background were recorded. Anthropometrical measurements, a short insulin and postprandial lipemia tests were done. From these observations body mass index (BMI) and area under the curve (AUC) for lipids and glucose were calculated. High mean values were observed in AUC for glucose, triacylglycerol and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA). Postprandial glucose with differences by age (p=0.05 Bonferroni) but no ethnic, gender, BMI or insulin sensitivity related significant differences were found. Mestizos (40%) showed two, and Negroes three (27%) postprandial triglyceridemia peaks. Noteworthy, subjects presenting four peaks had elevated BMI. Higher triglyceridemia values were found in white and mestizos (p

Colombia presenta cambios en la estructura de población y mortalidad similares a la de la mayoría de los países de América con un nivel avanzado de transición epidemiológica. Las enfermedades crónicas son la primera causa de muerte en los municipios con alta concentración urbana. Con el objetivo de identificar en escolares factores asociados con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles del adulto se efectuó un estudio de la población escolar de Cali estratificando por edad, sexo y estrato socioeconómico(ESE). Por muestreo aleatorio se incluyeron 2.807 escolares de 14 colegios a en quienes se midió antropometría, consumo de alimentos, presión arterial, maduración sexual, capacidad física de trabajo y bioquímica sanguínea. Las medias de talla y peso encontradas fueron inferiores a la referencia internacional y superiores a estudios previos. Por el contrario los de masa corporal fueron superiores. El pico aparente de crecimiento fue 14 años en hombres y 11 en niñas. Madurez, 12 años en mujeres y 16,9 en hombres, menarca a los 11.9 años. La capacidad física de trabajo fue superior en el ESE bajo. Se encontró un porcentaje elevado de dislipidemias, 19,5% con presión sistólica ³ 120mm. y 24% con diastólica ³ 70 mm. Consumo de energía y proteína adecuada pero alta en grasas y carbohidratos simples. No existen deficiencias de macronutrientes aunque sí en la ingesta de algunos minerales como calcio y hierro. Los hallazgos indican una población con consumo inadecuado, masa corporal y grasa elevada y dislipidemias, que puede representar riesgo de aumento de enfermedades crónicas en el futuro.

La lipemia postprandial como factor asociado a aterogénesis está correlacionada con el desarrollo de Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles (ECNT). Con el objetivo de determinar factores que modifican lipemia postprandial en respuesta a ingesta mixta de carbohidratos-lípidos en adultos jóvenes de diferentes etnias, se realizó estudio descriptivo no aleatorio con 51 sujetos (23.8± 4años) sanos, con registro de datos personales, clasificación étnica; Test Corto Insulina, prueba de lipemia postprandial, cálculo de índice masa corporal (IMC) y Área Bajo la Curva(ABC) para evaluación postprandial. Alta porcentaje (80%) con antecedentes familiares de ECNT y sedentarismo. Los resultados mostraron promedios altos de ABC de glucosa, triglicéridos y Ácidos Grasos No Esterificados(AGNE); El ABC de glucosa con diferencias por edad(p

Background: Obesity is a public health problem worldwide; it has reached pandemic proportions in the last 40 years. Its prevalence in children and adolescents increased from 0.7% to 7.8% between 1975 and 2016. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported as regulatory factors related to molecular functions under different conditions. These can be used as biomarkers of a disease to estimate risks in the early stages., Objective: This study aimed to determine the expression levels of miRNAs associated with childhood obesity and their relationships with biochemical parameters and Health-related Physical Fitness (HRPF)., Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in which a population of 40 children between 6 and 10 years of age of both sexes from Cali, Colombia, was evaluated; the children were classified as 20 normal-weight and 20 obese. Blood biochemistry, HRPF, and miRNA expression levels were determined (hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-191-5p, hsa-miR-486-3p, hsa-miR-222-3p. Comparisons were made between the groups, miRNA associations between the studied variables, and linear regression analysis., Results: Twenty normal-weight and 20 obese patients were evaluated. Both groups had an average age of eight years old. The miRNA hsa-miR-122-5p (p < 0.05) was overexpressed in the obese group. According to the linear regression analysis, the amount of adipose tissue may be associated with the production of miRNAs (hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-222-3p, hsa-miR-122-5p, and hsamiR- 191-5p)., Conclusion: Four miRNAs (hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-222-3p, hsa-miR-122-5p, and hsa-miR- 191-5p) are associated with modifications in biochemical variables of HRPF in this group. Adipose tissue mass could be associated with the production of these miRNAs, thus making them biomarkers of childhood obesity risk., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Background: Overweight and obesity prevalence has risen substantially in the last years. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are factors that regulate gene expression through binding to a complementary sequence of mRNA., Objective: The objective of this review is to determine the association between the expression of miRNAs with overweight and obesity in children., Methods: A systematic search was carried out in Medline (Ovid), EMBASE, LILACS, and CENTRAL. Clinical trials, cohort studies, cases and controls, and cross-section studies were included. Quasi-experimental, prognostic studies, animal experiments, in silico studies, and studies on the adult population were excluded., Results: Seven studies (684 children) were included in this review. Three hundred and sixty-one children had obesity/overweight and 323 had normal weight. 40.64% (278) of the children were boys. The classification of obesity was inconsistent between the studies with several classifications used. A total of 65 miRNAs were reported to be associated with obesity and overweight; at least two studies reported miR-122, miR-122-5p, miR-15b, miR15b-5p, miR191-5p, miR-222, miR-222-3p, miR 486, miR-486-3p and miR-486-5p. Blood samples were the most common samples used to measure miRNAs, and the approaches to select miRNAs were diverse, with four articles performing high-throughput techniques (sequencing and microarrays) before the validation of the miRNAs associated with obesity. Pathway analysis of the repeated miRNAs showed that they were involved in the regulation of metabolic and signaling pathways, including fatty acid metabolism., Conclusion: miRNAs are potential biomarkers of the development of pathologies, such as obesity. It was found a heterogeneous group of these molecules was associated with obesity in children. miR- 15b-5p, miR-486-5p, and hsa-miR-122-5p were considered as good candidates for obesity biomarkers., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)