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1. A Third Neanderthal Individual from La Ferrassie Dated to the End of the Middle Palaeolithic

Author: Guérin, Guillaume, Aldeias, Vera, Baumgarten, Frederik, Goldberg, Paul, Gómez-Olivencia, Asier, Lahaye, Christelle, Madelaine, Stéphane, Maureille, Bruno, Philippe, Anne, Sandgathe, Dennis, Talamo, Sahra, Thomsen, Kristina, Turq, Alain, Balzeau, Antoine, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Archaeology, Boston University [Boston] (BU), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Archéosciences Bordeaux, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), musée national de Préhistoire des Eyzies, Ministère de la Culture (MC), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Jean Leray (LMJL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-11-LABX-0020,LEBESGUE,Centre de Mathématiques Henri Lebesgue : fondements, interactions, applications et Formation(2011)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; The Palaeolithic site of La Ferrassie (SW France) has been extensively studied since its discovery during the 19th century. In addition to a large sequence including Middle and Upper Paleolithic layers, the site has yielded two very complete adult Neanderthal skeletons, five partial immature Neanderthal skeletons as well as a few isolated human remains. Currently, much of the site sequence has been dated by radiocarbon and OSL but the dating of the human skeletal remains is still a matter of debate. Here, we present the OSL dating of a still consolidated sediment sample associated with the Neanderthal skeleton La Ferrassie 1 (LF1), unearthed by Peyrony and Capitan in 1909 and preserved at the Musée de l’Homme (Paris, France). This block of sediment is crucial as it constitutes the first possibility to date a sample in close association with the specimen. This sample is included in a chronological model at the scale of the site, with the aim to estimate the ages of three Neanderthal individuals: La Ferrassie 1, 2 and 8 (LF1, LF2 and LF8). Two chronological modelling tools (OxCal and BayLum/ArchaeoPhases) are first applied to previously published radiocarbon ages and compared. Chronological inferences show that the BayLum/ArchaeoPhases model provides posterior probability densities, or statistical inferences, that are more consistent with the measured data. When including OSL ages in the BayLum model, we can conclude that all three studied individuals date from the late Middle Palaeolithic (
Published: 2023

2. Mapping the walls: High-resolution cartography applied to the analysis of prehistoric cave art in the Grotte du Mammouth (Domme, Dordogne, France)

Author: Xavier Muth, Eric Robert, Stephane Petrognani, Virginie Le Fillâtre, Emilie Lesvignes, Catherine Cretin, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ethnologie préhistorique, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Get In Situ, and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: plotting, 010506 paleontology, Archeology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, karst geomorphology and deposits, High resolution, 01 natural sciences, Prehistory, Cave, mammoth, 0601 history and archaeology, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Geomorphological analysis, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, high-resolution cartography, Painting, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 060102 archaeology, cave art, taphonomy, Upper Palaeolithic, 06 humanities and the arts, Archaeology, Cave art, Radiometric dating
Abstract: International audience; The analysis of paintings and engravings on the walls of Upper Palaeolithic caves generally focuses on the images themselves, their technical or stylistic characteristics, graphical and spatial composition, and, to a lesser extent, radiometric dating. More recent studies of cave art have reinforced new interdisciplinary perspectives that address the archaeology, karstology and geomorphology of the site. This latter aspect helps place the representations in the long-term geo-morphological history of the cave itself, and thus sheds new light on its human occupation. At the Grotte du Mammouth (Domme, Dordogne, France), we developed an innovative approach to cave art that incorporates a geological and geomorphological analysis of the decorated walls combined with new mapping and digital recording techniques to produce a detailed “identity card” of the site's features.
Published: 2021

3. Pluridisciplinary evidence for burial for the La Ferrassie 8 Neandertal child

Author: Catherine Schwab, Bruno Maureille, Antoine Balzeau, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Helen Fewlass, Camille Daujeard, Christelle Lahaye, Alain Turq, Sahra Talamo, Guillaume Guérin, Isabelle Crevecoeur, Matthias Meyer, Asier Gómez-Olivencia, Frido Welker, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut de Recherche sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collège de France - Chaire Paléoanthropologie, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Centro UCM-ISCIII de Investigación sobre Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC)-UCM, Madrid, Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Musée d'Archéologie Nationale (Saint-Germain-en-Laye, FRANCE), Musée d'Archéologie Nationale, Sociedad de ciencias Aranzadi (SCA), Ignacio Zuloaga Enparantza, Balzeau A., Turq A., Talamo S., Daujeard C., Guerin G., Welker F., Crevecoeur I., Fewlass H., Hublin J.-J., Lahaye C., Maureille B., Meyer M., Schwab C., Gomez-Olivencia A., University of Bologna, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), IT University of Copenhagen, UCM, Madrid-Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), and Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 010506 paleontology, Neanderthal, Taphonomy, Burial, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Burial, Neanderthal, Radiocarbon, Science, Context (language use), DNA, Mitochondrial, 01 natural sciences, Bone and Bones, Mass Spectrometry, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, law, biology.animal, Animals, Humans, Radiocarbon dating, History, Ancient, Zooarchaeology, Neanderthals, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Fossils, Palaeontology, Paleontology, Geology, Hominidae, Archaeology, Geochemistry, 030104 developmental biology, Geography, Ancient DNA, Child, Preschool, Western europe, Châtelperronian, Medicine, Molecular evolution, France
Abstract: The origin of funerary practices has important implications for the emergence of so-called modern cognitive capacities and behaviour. We provide new multidisciplinary information on the archaeological context of the La Ferrassie 8 Neandertal skeleton (grand abri of La Ferrassie, Dordogne, France), including geochronological data -14C and OSL-, ZooMS and ancient DNA data, geological and stratigraphic information from the surrounding context, complete taphonomic study of the skeleton and associated remains, spatial information from the 1968–1973 excavations, and new (2014) fieldwork data. Our results show that a pit was dug in a sterile sediment layer and the corpse of a two-year-old child was laid there. A hominin bone from this context, identified through Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) and associated with Neandertal based on its mitochondrial DNA, yielded a direct 14C age of 41.7–40.8 ka cal BP (95%), younger than the 14C dates of the overlying archaeopaleontological layers and the OSL age of the surrounding sediment. This age makes the bone one of the most recent directly dated Neandertals. It is consistent with the age range for the Châtelperronian in the site and in this region and represents the third association of Neandertal taxa to Initial Upper Palaeolithic lithic technocomplex in Western Europe. A detailed multidisciplinary approach, as presented here, is essential to advance understanding of Neandertal behavior, including funerary practices.
Published: 2020

4. The new 14 C chronology for the Palaeolithic site of La Ferrassie, France: the disappearance of Neanderthals and the arrival of Homo sapiens in France

Author: Vera Aldeias, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Raquel Maria, Laurent Chiotti, Teresa E. Steele, Shannon P. McPherron, Alain Turq, Sahra Talamo, Guillaume Guérin, Dennis Sandgathe, Paul Goldberg, Stéphane Madelaine, Harold L. Dibble, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), FID GEO, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Talamo S., Aldeias V., Goldberg P., Chiotti L., Dibble H.L., Guerin G., Hublin J.-J., Madelaine S., Maria R., Sandgathe D., Steele T.E., Turq A., Mcpherron S.J.P., Aldeias, V., 1 Department of Human Evolution Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Deutscher Platz 6 Leipzig 04103 Germany, Goldberg, P., 4 CAS, SEALS, University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia, Chiotti, L., 6 Département Homme et Environnement Muséum national d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7194 du CNRS Abri Pataud, 24620 Les Eyzies‐de‐Tayac France, Dibble, H. L., Guérin, G., 9 IRAMAT‐CRP2A, UMR 5060 CNRS ‐ Université Bordeaux Montaigne e Maison de l'archéologie Esplanade des Antilles Pessac 33600 France, Hublin, J.‐J., Madelaine, S., 11 Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication PACEA UMR 5199, Allée Geoffroy Saint‐Hilaire, FR‐ Pessac 33615 France, Maria, R., Sandgathe, D., 14 Department of Archaeology Simon Fraser University Burnaby Canada, Steele, T. E., Turq, A., Mcpherron, S. J. P., Department of Human Evolution, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany, Archaeology Department, Boston University [Boston] (BU), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collège de France - Chaire internationale Paléoanthropologie, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Neanderthal, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Sequence (geology), human evolution, La Ferrassie, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), law, biology.animal, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Radiocarbon dating, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Chronology, Human evolution, Palaeolithic, biology, 569.9, Paleontology, chronology, Archaeology, Radiocarbon, [STAT]Statistics [stat], Geography, Homo sapiens, Châtelperronian, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, radiocarbon, Aurignacian
Abstract: The grand abri at La Ferrassie (France) has been a key site for Palaeolithic research since the early part of the 20th century. It became the eponymous site for one variant of Middle Palaeolithic stone tools, and its sequence was used to define stages of the Aurignacian, an early phase of the Upper Palaeolithic. Several Neanderthal remains, including two relatively intact skeletons, make it one of the most important sites for the study of Neanderthal morphology and one of the more important data sets when discussing the Neanderthal treatment of the dead. However, the site has remained essentially undated. Our goal here is to provide a robust chronological framework of the La Ferrassie sequence to be used for broad regional models about human behaviour during the late Middle to Upper Palaeolithic periods. To achieve this goal, we used a combination of modern excavation methods, extensive geoarchaeological analyses, and radiocarbon dating. If we accept that Neanderthals were responsible for the Châtelperronian, then our results suggest an overlap of ca. 1600 years with the newly arrived Homo sapiens found elsewhere in France., Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
Published: 2020

5. Manganese and iron oxide use at Combe-Grenal (Dordogne, France): A proxy for cultural change in Neanderthal communities

Author: Nadia Cantin, Alain Turq, Émilie Claud, Brad Gravina, Alain Queffelec, Emmanuel Discamps, Laure Dayet, Francesco d'Errico, Jean-Philippe Faivre, François-Xavier Le Bourdonnec, Aurélien Royer, Elise Tartar, Christelle Lahaye, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), SFF Centre for Early Sapiens Behaviour (SapienCE), University of Bergen (UiB), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), and Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Provenance, Neanderthal, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Iron oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, Manganese, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lithic technology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, biology.animal, 0601 history and archaeology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 060102 archaeology, biology, Flake, Cultural group selection, 06 humanities and the arts, Manganese oxide, Archaeology, Geography, chemistry, sense organs, [SDU.STU.MI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy
Abstract: International audience; Neanderthal material culture patterning in Western Europe has been primarily approached from retouched stone tools and associated flake production methods. While considerable effort has been devoted over the past decade to better characterize Middle Palaeolithic lithic techno-complexes (LTCs) in this region, the extent to which they reflect cultural groups still remains unclear. In this respect, integrating other forms of archaeological evidence could provide valuable insights on the cultural significance of late Middle Palaeolithic industrial variability. The site of Combe-Grenal (Dordogne, France) has yielded consistent evidence of mineral pigment use throughout the upper part of the sequence. Here we explore whether mineral pigments might be embedded with an indexical meaning and if changes in pigment exploitation potentially reflect cultural changes. We combined a microscopic use-wear approach with SEM-EDS, pXRF, and XRD analyses of 73 pigment fragments from layers 26 to 11 in order to reconstruct the different stages of their acquisition and use (provenance, selection, processing, function). Our results show manganese oxides to have been used in the lower layers of the Quina LTC, while red and/or yellow iron oxide pieces were employed during the Discoid and Discoid/Levallois LTCs. This decrease in manganese oxide use correlates with a change in lithic technology and may represent some form of cultural change.
Published: 2019

6. Les ossements de pied du Néandertalien Regourdou 1 (Montignac-sur-Vézère, Dordogne, France)

Author: Pablos, Adrián, Gómez-Olivencia, Asier, Maureille, Bruno, Holliday, Trenton, Madelaine, Stéphane, Trinkaus, Erik, Couture-Veschambre, Christine, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departement of Anthropology, Tulane University, Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Department of Anthropology, and Campus box 1114, Washington University
Subjects: [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

7. « Vrais trous » et « fausses erreurs » : le contrôle de la numérisation de contours des formations à silex en Dordogne à l’aide d’un SIG

Author: Jean-Pierre Platel, Alain Turq, Pascal Tallet, Jean-Baptiste Caverne, Stéphane Konik, Geneviève Pinçon, Christophe Tuffery, André Morala, David Talec, Paul Fernandes, Chercheur indépendant, Laboratoire Géomatique et foncier (GeF), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Paléotime, Centre national de Préhistoire, CNP, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, General Medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Dans le cadre de plusieurs Projets Collectifs de Recherches1, un partenariat avec le Centre National de Prehistoire a Perigueux a permis de realiser la numerisation au 1/10 000 de tous les polygones identifies comme correspondant a des formations a silex dans le departement de la Dordogne. Ce travail, realise avec les logiciels ArcGIS et QGis en utilisant les cartes geologiques au 1/50 000 numerisees et georeferencees, disponibles dans le service web Infoterre du BRGM, a permis la production d'une base de donnees unique sur les georessources. Une fois numerisees et caracterisees de facon homogene, les formations a silex servent a visualiser les georessources actuelles et donc a emettre des hypotheses sur les strategies d'approvisionnement et de deplacement des populations prehistoriques. Les donnees sur les formations a silex ont ete transferees sur ArcGISOnLine (AGOL), une plateforme cartographique d'ESRI2 qui permet de diffuser et de partager des donnees georeferencees de facon securisee. Lors de cette etape, des differences de geometrie sont apparues entre les donnees d'origine et les donnees apres leur importation sur la plateforme AGOL. Un controle systematique de la qualite de la numerisation et des transformations des fichiers apres leur transfert sur la plateforme AGOL, est apparu indispensable. Il s'agit d'une garantie de la qualite des donnees pour les partenaires du projet. Si ce controle n'avait pas ete fait, des erreurs d'interpretation auraient pu apparaitre, notamment lors de l'utilisation de fonctionnalites d'analyse spatiale avec ces donnees, pour lesquelles la qualite de la geometrie est essentielle. Cette communication vise a souligner l'importance des etapes du controle qualite des donnees georeferencees, non seulement lors de leur numerisation initiale mais aussi lors de leurs traitements et de leurs transferts vers diverses plateformes de diffusion et de partage de donnees.
Published: 2017

8. Rabbits in the grave! Consequences of bioturbation on the Neandertal 'burial' at Regourdou (Montignac-sur-Vézère, Dordogne)

Author: Stéphane Madelaine, Bruno Maureille, Trenton W. Holliday, Maxime Pelletier, Aurélien Royer, Emmanuel Discamps, Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Laboratoire Paléobiodiversité et Evolution (PALEVO), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departement of Anthropology, Tulane University, Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Support from the Nouvelle Aquitaine Regional Council 2016 research program NATCH (convention 2016-1R40240-00007349-00007350), and from the Louisiana Board of Regents LEQSF (2015-18)-RD-A-22., ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), ANR-10-IDEX-0003,IDEX BORDEAUX,Initiative d'excellence de l'Université de Bordeaux(2010), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique ( LAMPEA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives ( Inrap ) -Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Laboratoire Paléobiodiversité et Evolution ( PALEVO ), École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Tulane University - New Orleans, LA, University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] ( WITS ), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés ( TRACES ), École des hautes études en sciences sociales ( EHESS ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives ( Inrap ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie ( PACEA ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02/11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,Amidex ( 2011 ), ANR-10-IDEX-03-02/10-LABX-0052,LaScArBx,Using the world in ancient societies : processes and forms of appropriation of space in Long Time ( 2010 ), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Time Factors, Neanderthal, Taphonomy, Burial, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Natural (archaeology), law.invention, law, biology.animal, biology.domesticated_animal, Animals, Middle Palaeolithic, 0601 history and archaeology, Radiocarbon dating, Attritional accumulation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Neanderthals, [ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 060101 anthropology, biology, Fossils, Ecology, Radiometric Dating, Reproducibility of Results, Mousterian, 06 humanities and the arts, 15. Life on land, Europe, [ SHS.ARCHEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [ SHS.ANTHRO-BIO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Anthropology, Period (geology), Burrow, Rabbits, European rabbit, Bioturbation, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology
Abstract: 17 pages; International audience; The understanding of Neanderthal societies, both with regard to their funerary behaviors and their subsistence activities, is hotly debated. Old excavations and a lack of taphonomic context are often factors that limit our ability to address these questions. To better appreciate the exact nature of what is potentially the oldest burial in Western Europe, Regourdou (Montignac-sur-Vézère, Dordogne), and to better understand the taphonomy of this site excavated more than 50 years ago, we report in this contribution a study of the most abundant animals throughout its stratigraphy: the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). In addition to questions surrounding the potential bioturbation of the site's stratigraphy, analysis of the Regourdou rabbits could provide new information on Neandertal subsistence behavior. The mortality profile, skeletal-part representation, breakage patterns, surface modification, and comparison with modern reference collections supports the hypothesis that the Regourdou rabbit remains were primarily accumulated due to natural (attritional) mortality. Radiocarbon dates performed directly on the rabbit remains give ages ranging within the second half of Marine Isotope Stage 3, notably younger than the regional Mousterian period. We posit that rabbits dug their burrows within Regourdou's sedimentological filling, likely inhabiting the site after it was filled. The impact of rabbit activity now brings into question both the reliability of the archaeostratigraphy of the site and the paleoenvironmental reconstructions previously proposed for it, and suggests rabbits may have played a role in the distribution of the Neandertal skeletal remains.
Published: 2017

9. The complementarity of luminescence dating methods illustrated on the Mousterian sequence of the Roc de Marsal: A series of reindeer-dominated, Quina Mousterian layers dated to MIS 3

Author: Vera Aldeias, Shannon P. McPherron, Norbert Mercier, Joséphine Tuquoi, Marine Frouin, Harold L. Dibble, Dennis Sandgathe, Paul Goldberg, Kristina Jørkov Thomsen, Alain Turq, Guillaume Guérin, Christelle Lahaye, Mayank Jain, Pierre Guibert, IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Archaeology, Boston University [Boston] (BU), Service Nutrition Clinique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy (Risø DTU), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Archaeology [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)
Subjects: Single grain OSL, 010506 paleontology, Pleistocene, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Context (language use), Middle Palaeolithic variability, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Paleontology, 0302 clinical medicine, Lithic technology, Cave, Sequence stratigraphy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Thermoluminescence dating, Mousterian, 15. Life on land, Archaeology, Dose rate heterogeneities, Luminescence dating methods (TL, OSL, IRSL), Quina Mousterian, Geology, Chronology
Abstract: Located in southwest France, Roc de Marsal is a cave with a rich Mousterian stratigraphic sequence. The lower part of the sequence (Layers 9–5) are characterized by assemblages dominated by Levallois lithic technology associated with composite faunal spectra (including red deer, roe deer and reindeer) that shows a gradual increase in the frequency of reindeer. The top of the sequence (Layers 4–2) are characterised instead by Quina lithic technology (both in terms of technology and typology) with the faunal remains dominated by reindeer. Roc de Marsal thus provides a very interesting case study to place behavioural changes in a context of changing climates and environments in western Europe during the late Pleistocene. To link the occupations at Roc de Marsal with global and regional climatic conditions known independently, a robust chronology is needed. With this aim in mind, we applied three luminescence dating methods (TL, OSL and IRSL) on different minerals (flint, quartz and K-feldspar extracts). Here the results of two of these methods are presented in detail (TL and OSL) and compared with preliminary IRSL data. At Roc de Marsal, a comparison of methods was necessary to overcome a complex sedimentary history, with very heterogeneous dose rate distributions, both at the beta (mm) and gamma (dm) dose rate scales. The results indicate that the lower Levallois layers are dated to ∼65–70 ka, while overlying Quina layers are dated to ∼49 ka. These ages for the lower layers fit well with some models that place mixed faunal assemblages in the initial MIS 4; however, while the Quina ages overlap with several other Quina assemblages from the region, they place the reindeer dominated fauna well after the peak cold of MIS 4 and suggest a more extended and complex period of contemporaneous lithic techno-complexes than posited by some current models.
Published: 2017

10. Cleaning up a Messy Mousterian: How to describe and interpret Late Middle Palaeolithic chrono-cultural variability in Atlantic Europe

Author: Faivre, Jean-Philippe, Discamps, Emmanuel, Gravina, Brad, Turq, Alain, Bourguignon, Laurence, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, and Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

11. Late Middle Palaeolithic lithic technocomplexes (MIS 5–3) in the northeastern Aquitaine Basin: Advances and challenges

Author: Jean-Philippe Faivre, Brad Gravina, Laurence Bourguignon, Emmanuel Discamps, Alain Turq, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), University of Bergen (UiB), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), and Discamps, Emmanuel
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
Abstract: International audience; Establishing and interpreting patterns of lithic assemblage variability is of great interest to archaeologists as they shed light on cultural adaptations in the deep past. Nowhere has this topic provoked more interest and debate than in the Middle Palaeolithic of southwestern France. The region's rich archaeological record has produced numerous sites, many of which have been recently excavated and thus provide a reliable dataset for better structuring Mousterian lithic variability. Researchers working with these types of datasets frequently employ the chaîne opératoire concept to approach lithic assemblage variability; however, the validity of such analyses has recently been questioned. Here we present results of a combined quantitative and qualitative technological analysis of a large sample of assemblages from numerous well-contextualised sites in the northeastern Aquitaine Basin. We selected clearly identifiable diagnostic elements typical of different flake production systems that can be quantified by different analysts in a replicable fashion. Our results show strong differences in assemblage composition in terms of dominant production systems as well as a smaller number of mixed assemblages that combine two or more flake production methods. When considered together, these results provide not only a means for defining lithic technocomplexes and subsequently comparing assemblages but also for investigating elements of Neanderthal material culture variability.
Published: 2017

12. The Third Man. The Prehistory of the Altaï

Author: Cleyet-Merle, Jean-Jacques, Shunkov, M.V., Geneste, J.M., Derevianko, A.P., Slimak, L., Krivoshapkin, A.L., Gravina, B., Turq, A., Maureille, B., Slimak, Ludovic, J.J. Cleyet−Merle, M.V. Shunkov, J.M. Geneste, A.P. Derevianko, L. Slimak, A.L. Krivoshapkin, B. Gravina, A. Turq, B. Maureille, Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), J.J. Cleyet−Merle, M.V. Shunkov, J.M. Geneste, A.P. Derevianko, L. Slimak, A.L. Krivoshapkin, B. Gravina, A. Turq, B. Maureille, and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Grotte Mandrin, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Middle Paleolithic, Denisova, Transition, Upper Paleolithic, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MP/UP, Neandertal
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2017

13. Regourdou 1 (Dordogne, France) : one of the oldest nearly complete Neandertal skeleton ?

Author: Lahaye, Christelle, Maureille, Bruno, Holliday, Vance T., Royer, Aurélien, Madelaine, Stéphane, Lacrampe-Cuyaubère, Francois, Muth, Xavier, Le Gueut, Erwan, Couture-Veschambre, Christine, Gómez-Olivencia, Asier, Turq, Alain, Pelletier, Maxime, Discamps, Emmanuel, Université, Bordeaux Montaigne, Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Arizona, Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Archeosphere, Université de Bordeaux (UB), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Le Regourdou, site archeologique, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, grotte
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

14. Efficient quantification procedures for data evaluation of portable X-ray fluorescence : potential improvements for Palaeolithic cave cart knowledge

Author: Gay, Marine, Müller, Katharina, Plassard, Frédéric, Cleyet-Merle, Jean-Jacques, Arias, Pablo, Ontañón, Roberto, Reiche, Ina, Laboratoire d'Archéologie Moléculaire et Structurale (LAMS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Staatliche Museen zu Berlin-Preussischer Kulturbesitz, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: préhistoire, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

15. The Emergence of Middle Palaeolithic in Western Europe

Author: David Hérisson, Nick Ashton, Laurence Bourguignon, Michel Brenet, Dominique Cliquet, Kévin Di Modica, Jean-Philippe Faivre, Jean‑luc Locht, Moncel Marie-Hélène, Matt Pope, Wil Roebroeks, Beccy Scott, Alain Turq, Ann van Baelen, Philip van Peer, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), British Museum, Department Britain, Europe & Prehistory, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de la Culture (MC), Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Centre de recherches de la grotte Scladina, Université de Liège, Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College of London [London] (UCL), Leiden University, British Museum, Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Prehistoric Archaeology Unit, University of Leuven, Belgium, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Le Mans Université (UM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Nantes Université (NU)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Hérisson, David, Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Universiteit Leiden, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
Abstract: International audience; The transition from Lower Palaeolithic to Middle Palaeolithic is one of the most debated questions in early Prehistory since the mid-20th century. Thesedebates are mostly due to how early prehistorians constructed their chronological model based on index-fossil, model with “artifical boundaries designed to provide structure to a complex record and, rather than being conceived of as permanent or real, should be frequently examined and revised(Roebroeks & Corbey 2001; Monnier, 2006). In this paper we do not focus our efforts on insolvent issues of systematics and nomenclature. We suggest documenting a time frame known for rapid behavioural and technological changes, from MIS 9 to 6. On a large scale, the Western Europe, several researchers working on principle sites of this period propose to make an assesment of the current research on the emergence of the so-called Middle Palaelolithic. From a rich corpus of archaeological sites, will be discussed in particular the taphonomy, the preservation, the chronology and the environnement of human occupations during MIS 9 to 6 in Western Europe. The question of technological changes in lithic assemblages will also be investigated. After this overview of the current research on the emergence of Middle Palaeolithic, we try to define future research directions to progress on this key-period of Human evolution.
Published: 2014

16. Evidence supporting an intentional Neandertal burial at La Chapelle-aux-Saints

Author: Isabelle Crevecoeur, Bruno Maureille, Cédric Beauval, Thierry Bismuth, Antoine Balzeau, Dominique Todisco, Priscilla Bayle, Alain Turq, Laurence Bourguignon, Géraldine Delfour, Carlotta Tavormina, William Rendu, François Lacrampe-Cuyaubère, Jean-Philippe Faivre, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thomson-CSF Laboratoire Central de Recheche (THOMSON-CSF LCR), Thomson, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Taphonomy, Burial, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Anthropology, Social Sciences, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, Bone and Bones, Middle Paleolithic, Animals, Humans, 0601 history and archaeology, Symbolic behavior, History, Ancient, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Neanderthals, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, 060102 archaeology, Fossils, Paleontology, 06 humanities and the arts, Archaeology, Geography, Intentionality, France
Abstract: The bouffia Bonneval at La Chapelle-aux-Saints is well known for the discovery of the first secure Neandertal burial in the early 20th century. However, the intentionality of the burial remains an issue of some debate. Here, we present the results of a 12-y fieldwork project, along with a taphonomic analysis of the human remains, designed to assess the funerary context of the La Chapelle-aux-Saints Neandertal. We have established the anthropogenic nature of the burial pit and underlined the taphonomic evidence of a rapid burial of the body. These multiple lines of evidence support the hypothesis of an intentional burial. Finally, the discovery of skeletal elements belonging to the original La Chapelle aux Saints 1 individual, two additional young individuals, and a second adult in the bouffia Bonneval highlights a more complex site-formation history than previously proposed.
Published: 2014

17. Evidence for a 15N positive excursion in terrestrial foodwebs at the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in South-western France : implication for early modern human palaeodiet and palaeoenvironment

Author: Stéphane Madelaine, Hervé Bocherens, Dorothée G. Drucker, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and PACEA, UMR5199
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Food Chain, Ungulate, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Climate, Fauna, Environment, 01 natural sciences, Bone and Bones, Paleontology, préhistoire, Animals, Humans, 0601 history and archaeology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Neanderthals, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Mammals, Herbivore, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, 060101 anthropology, Nitrogen Isotopes, biology, Ecology, Mousterian, 06 humanities and the arts, biology.organism_classification, Diet, Geography, Archaeology, Anthropology, Châtelperronian, Anatomically modern human, Terrestrial ecosystem, Collagen, France, Aurignacian
Abstract: The Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition around 35,000 years ago coincides with the replacement of Neanderthals by anatomically modern humans in Europe. Several hypotheses have been suggested to explain this replacement, one of them being the ability of anatomically modern humans to broaden their dietary spectrum beyond the large ungulate prey that Neanderthals consumed exclusively. This scenario is notably based on higher nitrogen-15 amounts in early Upper Palaeolithic anatomically modern human bone collagen compared with late Neanderthals. In this paper, we document a clear increase of nitrogen-15 in bone collagen of terrestrial herbivores during the early Aurignacian associated with anatomically modern humans compared with the stratigraphically older Châtelperronian and late Mousterian fauna associated with Neanderthals. Carnivores such as wolves also exhibit a significant increase in nitrogen-15, which is similar to that documented for early anatomically modern humans compared with Neanderthals in Europe. A shift in nitrogen-15 at the base of the terrestrial foodweb is responsible for such a pattern, with a preserved foodweb structure before and after the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in south-western France. Such an isotopic shift in the terrestrial ecosystem may be due to an increase in aridity during the time of deposition of the early Aurignacian layers. If it occurred across Europe, such a shift in nitrogen-15 in terrestrial foodwebs would be enough to explain the observed isotopic trend between late Neanderthals and early anatomically modern humans, without any significant change in the diet composition at the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition.
Published: 2014

18. Woolly mammoths (Mammuthus primigenius) in southern France during the Late Palaeolithic: a geo-chronological assessment based on the palaeontological, rock art and portable art records

Author: Philippe Fosse, Carole Fritz, Évelyne Cregut‑bonnoure, Guillaume Fleury, Jean-Baptiste FOURVEL, Stéphane Madelaine, Georges Sauvet, Fourvel, Jean-Baptiste, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Museum Requien, Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société de Toulouse (MSHS-T), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

19. The contribution of lithic production systems to the interpretation of Mousterian industrial variability in south-western France: The example of Combe-Grenal (Dordogne, France)

Author: Michel Lenoir, Alain Turq, Jean-Luc Guadelli, Jean-Philippe Faivre, Brad Gravina, Emmanuel Discamps, Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion [Bergen] (AHKR / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), and ANR-10-LABX-0052,LaScArBx,Using the world in ancient societies : processes and forms of appropriation of space in Long Time(2010)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Archaeological record, Ecological succession, Neandertals, 01 natural sciences, Sequence (geology), Primary flaking strategies, Middle Palaeolithic, 0601 history and archaeology, Sequence stratigraphy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Mousterian variability, 060102 archaeology, Interpretation (philosophy), Mousterian, 06 humanities and the arts, Archaeology, Combe-Grenal, Facies, Raw material provisioning strategies, Techno-economy, Geology, Chronology
Abstract: International audience; Disentangling the relative contribution of the various factors underlying Middle Palaeolithic industrial variability remains one of the foremost problems for researchers interested in Neandertal technological and behavioural adaptations. The site of Combe-Grenal (Dordogne) has figured prominently in these discussions given its long stratigraphic sequence and rich archaeological record that extends from MIS 6 to MIS 3 and contains all of F. Bordes' Mousterian facies. Departing from a strict typological approach, we provide a revised vision of the site's sequence focused on individualising lithic production systems. We investigate to what extent typologically different industries, beyond their separation imposed by the very idea of discrete Mousterian facies, nevertheless portray comparable production systems. By eschewing a chronology of the traditional Mousterian facies, our technological approach to the Combe-Grenal assemblages succeeded in identifying a clear stratigraphic succession where strictly typological approaches had previously failed. Moreover, comparison with other regional sequences shows the succession of Mousterian technological systems identified at Combe-Grenal not to be an exception in south-western France. We propose a revised chronology for the site's sequence based on a correlation of changes in the structure of regional faunal communities with independent palaeo-environmental data. Finally, comparing technological data with raw material provisioning strategies and elements of faunal exploitation, such as prey availability, provides insights concerning the interpretation of Mousterian variability and the investigation of changing patterns of Neandertal landscape use.
Published: 2014

20. Projet NéMo: The Chronology and Cultural Context of Neandertal Skeletal Material in Southwestern France

Author: Faivre, Jean-Philippe, Lahaye, Christelle, Maureille, Bruno, Discamps, Emmanuel, Gravina, Brad, Turq, Alain, Banks, William E., Bayle, Priscilla, Beauval, Cédric, Bordes, Jean-Guillaume, Couture, Christine, D'Errico, Francesco, Frouin, Marine, Guérin, Guillaume, Jacques, Jaubert, Lenoble, Arnaud, Mercier, Norbert, Plisson, Hugues, Quintard, A., Rendu, William, Tillier, Anne-Marie, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion [Bergen] (AHKR / UiB), University of Bergen (UiB), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Archéosphère, and Discamps, Emmanuel
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2013

21. LA POSICIÓN CRONOCULTURAL DE LAS INDUSTRIAS CON 'PIEZAS DE LA BERTONNE'

Author: Arnaud Lenoble, Lucie Chehmana, Malvina Baumann, Olivier Ferullo, André Morala, Mathieu Leroyer, Catherine Cretin, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Préhistoire (CNP), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Service Régional de l'Archéologie d'Aquitaine (SRA Aquitaine), and Musée National de Préhistoire
Subjects: chronocultural attribution, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Badeguliense, media_common.quotation_subject, lcsh:Prehistoric archaeology, Solutrean, piezas de La Bertonne, industrie lithique, Solutrense, atribución cronocultural, lcsh:CC1-960, industria lítica, transition period, période de transition, media_common, Paléolithique supérieur, Solutréen, attibution crhonoculturelle, La Bertonne pieces, Art, Badegoulien, periodo de transición, pièce de la Bertonne, lcsh:Auxiliary sciences of history, Badegoulian, La Bertonne piece, lithic industry, lcsh:C, Upper Paleolithic, lcsh:Archaeology, Paleolítico superior, lcsh:GN700-890, Aurignacian, Humanities
Abstract: International audience; In this article we present a overview of current knowledge regarding the chronocultural position of industries with La Bertonne pieces within the Western European Upper Paleolithic. Initially attributed to the Aurignacian (Leyssalles and Noone 1949) and then to the Proto-Solutrean (Arambourou 1970), these industries are now attributed to the Badegoulian due to the association of La Bertonne pieces with one of the most typical tools of this material culture, the raclette (Lenoir 2000a and b). This association has indeed been pointed out in several levels at the site of Laugerie-Haute. Est (France, Dordogne), one of which has been dated to 17040 ± 440 BP (Ly-973; Évin et al. 1976: 80). This is the only available radiocarbon date for these industries. In addition, the use of pressure flaking, recently identified for the detachment of bladelets from La Bertonne pieces and to create retouched tools on thin flakes, and the sporadic presence of foliate pieces, are, in our view, elements that these industries share with the Solutrean. They suggest the appearance of La Bertonne industries somewhat earlier than 17000 BP at the transition between the Solutrean and the Badegoulian.; En este artículo presentamos un estado actual de la cuestión con relación a la posición cronocultu- ral de las denominadas industrias con piezas de La Bertonne en el seno del Paleolítico superior de Europa occidental. Atribuidas, en un primer momento, al Auriñaciense (Leyssalles y Noone 1949), más tarde al Protosolutrense (Arambourou 1970), estas industrias han sido recientemente adscritas al Badeguliense basándose en la asociación de las piezas de La Bertonne a uno de los útiles más evocadores de esta cultura material, la raclette (Lenoir 2000a y b). Esta asociación ha sido en efecto señalada en diferentes niveles del yacimiento de Laugerie-Haute Est (Dordoña. Francia) uno de los cuales arroja una datación de 17040 ± 440 BP (Ly-973; Évin et al. 1976: 80). Esta es la única datación radiocarbónica disponible actualmente para estas industrias. Por otro lado, el empleo de la presión, recientemente reconocido para la obtención de hojitas a partir de piezas de La Bertonne y el retoque de útiles sobre lascas delgadas, junto a la presencia anecdótica de piezas foliáceas son, a nuestro entender, otros tantos elementos que estas industrias com- parten con las del Solutrense y que parecen evidenciar la aparición de industrias con piezas de La Bertonne antes del 17000 BP, a caballo entre el Solutrense y el Badeguliense.
Published: 2013

22. A comprehensive luminescence investigation for dating the rock shelter of La Ferrassie (Dordogne, SW France): comparing signals (OSL, IRSL and various post IR-IRSL), materials (quartz and feldspar), levels of analysis (single and multi-grain) and grain sizes (polymineral fine grains and coarse grains)

Author: Frouin, Marine, Guérin, Guillaume, Lahaye, Christelle, Mercier, Norbert, Huot, Sebastien, Turq, Alain, Dibble, Harold Lewis, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Department of Anthropology [University of Pennsylvania], University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], and Université, Bordeaux Montaigne
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2013

23. Dating French and Spanish Prehistoric Decorated Caves in Their Archaeological Contexts

Author: Anita Quiles, José Luis Sanchidrián, Dominique Genty, Maurice Arnold, Julien Monney, Hélène Valladas, Nadine Tisnérat-Laborde, Evelyne Kaltnecker, Jean-Jacques Cleyet-Merle, César González Sainz, Michel Girard, Robert Simonnet, Christophe Moreaux, Dominique Baffier, Jean Clottes, Emmanuelle Delqué-Količ, R Montes, Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de mesure du carbone 14 (LMC14 - UMS 2572), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Chercheur indépendant, Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Universidad de Córdoba [Cordoba], École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 060102 archaeology, Context (archaeology), [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, 06 humanities and the arts, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, law.invention, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Prehistory, Parietal art, Cave, law, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 0601 history and archaeology, Radiocarbon dating, Prehistoric art, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE) research program on prehistoric art conducts chronological studies of parietal representations with their associated archaeological context. This multidisciplinary approach provides chronological arguments about the creation period of parietal representations. This article presents chronological investigations carried out in several decorated caves in France (La Grande Grotte, Labastide, Lascaux, La Tête-du-Lion, Villars) and Spain (La Garma, Nerja, La Pileta, Urdiales). Several types of organic materials, collected from different areas of the caves close to the walls and in connection with parietal art, were dated to determine the periods of human presence in the cave, a presence that may have been related to artistic activities. These new radiocarbon results range from 33,000–29,000 (La Grande Grotte) to 16,000–14,000 cal BP (Urdiales).
Published: 2013

24. Two newly identified mousterian human rib fragments from Combe-Grenal

Author: Gómez-Olivencia, Asier, Garralda, Maria Dolores, Vandermeersch, Bernard, Madelaine, Stéphane, Arsuaga, Juan Luis, Maureille, Bruno, Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), and PACEA, UMR5199
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, préhistoire, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2013

25. Gastric erosion on artiodactyl acropodials eaten by large carnivores and vultures: a taphonomic comparison

Author: Philippe Fosse, Montserrat Esteban-Nadal, Graham Avery, D Vigne, J., Patrice Méniel, Pierre Magniez, Stéphane Madelaine, Jean-Baptiste FOURVEL, Jean-Philip Brugal, Jean-François Tournepiche, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements (AASPE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] (ARTeHiS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fourvel, Jean-Baptiste, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

26. Archaeological levels from Lower, Middle and Upper Pleistocene of Pradayrol (Caniac-du-Causse, Lot, France): preliminary results

Author: Jean-Luc Guadelli, Alain Turq, Laurent Bruxelles, Aleta Guadelli, Arnaud Lenoble, PPP, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), and Lenoble, Arnaud
Subjects: Quercy, quartz industry, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Middle Pleistocene, biocénose, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Prehistory, archéologie préhistorique, biostratigraphy, Pléistocène moyen, Pléistocène ancien, Lower Pleistocene
Abstract: Pradayrol is located in the southern part of the Causse de Gramat (Caniac-du-Causse, Lot, France) on the edge of a sinkhole.This is a complex karst today extended by a rockshelter. Discovered and excavated between 1998 and 2005 by M.-R. Séronie-Vivien, Pradayrol delivered a Middle Pleistocene sequence of more than 2 m thick dated between 420 and 335 ky. He has found a fauna which includes Canis etruscus, Ursus deningeri and Hystrix cristata, an Early Middle Palaeolithic industry on quartzite and a human tooth (uppercentralincisor) in layer2 (dated 335ky). The resumption of excavations in 2010 by Jean-Luc Guadelli and AlainTurq taking into account all of the deposit showed the complexity of the site. The exploration of the shelter and terrace showed from one hand a more recent sequence (Upper Pleistocene) on the terrace containing a Mousterian in the context of a hyena den and from another hand an older sequence in breccias preserved on the roof of the rockselter, in some pillars (inside and outside) and on the terrace. Only partially explored this layer contains a lithic industry on quartzite and an abundant fauna (including Xenocyon, Ursus cf. etruscus, Dicerorhinus cf. etruscus, Equus sp., ...), which allows us to hypothesize that they could be dated between the late Lower Pleistocene and the early Middle Pleistocene i.e. between MNQ 19 and MNQ 20; it is at least older than 900 ka. Even if part of the lithic and bone found today in the brecciasis in a derived position (geological observations and the presence of a blunt or a polish on some pieces), Pradayrol, should quickly reach the rare French sites set delivering so old industry andfaunainstratigraphic context.
Published: 2012

27. New interpretations of the Témara’s caves and their occupations: special focus on small vertebrates and palaeoenvironments

Author: Emmanuelle Stoetzel, Emilie Campmas, Bouchra Bougariane, Christiane Denys, Patrick Michel, Brahim Ouchaou, Arnaud Lenoble, Larbi Boudad, Kamal Elhammouti, Zenobia Jacobs, Christophe Falgueres, Nouha Janati-Idrissi, Moustapha Haddad, Jean-Paul Lacombe, Oujaa Aicha, Abdelaziz El Idrissi, André Morala, Iz-Eddine Amrani-El Hassani, Houda Oudouche, André Debénath, Mohamed Abdeljalil El Hajraoui, Roland Nespoulet, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Moulay Ismail (UMI), Origine, structure et évolution de la biodiversité (OSEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université Mohammed Premier [Oujda], University of Wollongong [Australia], Faculté des Sciences (LASMAR), Institut National des Sciences de l'Archéologie et du Patrimoine (INSAP), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Musée Archéologique de Tanger, Musée National de Préhistoire, Institut Scientifique Rabat, Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE), Equipe 3 - HNHP UMR 7194, ANR-09-PEXT-0004,Mohmie,Influence de l'installation des hommes modernes au Maroc sur l'évolution de la biodiversité des petits vertébrés terrestres(2009), STOETZEL, Emmanuelle, and La 6ème extinction - Influence de l'installation des hommes modernes au Maroc sur l'évolution de la biodiversité des petits vertébrés terrestres - - Mohmie2009 - ANR-09-PEXT-0004 - La 6ème extinction - VALID
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
Abstract: International audience; The El Harhoura 2 and El Mnasra caves are located in the region of Témara, on the Atlantic coast of Morocco, which was occupied by human populations since the beginning of the Late Pleistocene (around 120 ka BP). The recent excavations yielded human and faunal remains, as well as exceptional archaeological objects associated to anthropological structures. Small vertebrate remains are especially abundant in these sites, which allowed us to realize the first study on these taxa with a pluridisciplinary approach (taxonomy, taphonomy, palaeoecology) for North-African archaeological sites. The continuous sedimentary sequence of these sites covers the last climatic cycle, and is studied in a renewed geologic, stratigraphic, chronological and cultural context. We obtained significant data on the palaeoenvironmental and taphonomic context of the human occupations of the Témara’s caves. Today, there is no equivalent of such regional data for the whole Late Pleistocene in North Africa.
Published: 2012

28. Bone modification by modern wolf (Canis lupus) : a taphonomic study from their natural feeding places

Author: Philippe Fosse, Nuria Selva, Adam Wajrak, Jean-Baptiste FOURVEL, Stéphane Madelaine, Montserrat Esteban-Nadal, José Yravedra, Jean-Philip Brugal, Audrey Prucca, Gary Haynes, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), University of Nevada [Reno], PACEA, UMR5199, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: WOLF, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, préhistoire, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, BONE DESTRUCTIONS, SCATS, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, TAPHONOMY
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

29. The cave lion (P. spelaea) in karstic setting : a survey from (recent) paleontological and rock art discoveries in southern France and northern Spain

Author: Philippe Fosse, Duranthon Francis, Jean-Baptiste Fourvel, Stéphane Madelaine, Guillaume Fleury, Pedro Castaños, Arriza Villaluenga Martinez, Carole Fritz, Gilles Tosello, Marc Azéma, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse, Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), and Fourvel, Jean-Baptiste
Subjects: [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2010

30. Late-glacial palaeoenvironments in Aquitaine, Southwestern France: the 'La Brunetière' alluvial sequence (Bergerac, France)

Author: Philippe Ponel, Christophe Fourloubey, Fabrice Casagrande, Stéphane Madelaine, Giselle Allenet, Pascal Bertran, Jeanne Perrière, Chantal Leroyer, Luc Detrain, Zoubida Maazouzi, Nicole Limondin-Lozouet, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire (CReAAH), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie (IMEP), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Avignon Université (AU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives - Centre de recherches archéologiques de Gourbeyre (Guadeloupe) (Inrap, Gourbeyre), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives. Centre de recherches archéologiques de Gourbeyre (Guadeloupe) (Inrap, Gourbeyre), Nantes Université (NU)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Le Mans Université (UM), Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, southwestern France, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Upper Magdalenian, alluvial sediments, Magdalenian, Magdalénien supérieur, insects, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, media_common, molluscs, mollusques, Aquitaine, Geology, Late-glacial, Art, insectes, Tardiglaciaire, Preboreal, Western europe, pollen, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, pollens, dynamique alluviale, Humanities, Holocène
Abstract: Des dépôts alluviaux datant du Tardiglaciaire et du début de l’Holocène ont été découverts dans la plaine du Caudeau, petit affluent de la Dordogne, à La Brunetière sur la commune de Pombonne (Dordogne) à l’occasion de travaux d’archéologie préventive. Leur analyse permet de renouveler nos connaissances sur l’évolution des cours d’eau en Aquitaine pendant cette période charnière. Ils montrent en particulier que les principales phases de métamorphose alluviale décrites dans le nord de l’Europe se sont également produites dans cette région de manière à peu près synchrone, pour autant que l’on puisse en juger d’après les dates disponibles. Deux phases majeures d’incision aux dépens de la nappe alluviale à galets pléniglaciaire sont identifiables. La première intervient pendant une phase très précoce du Bølling, soit avant 12 700 ± 45 BP, dans un environnement steppique. L’abandon rapide du chenal, associé à du soutirage karstique, permet ensuite l’installation d’un petit lac colmaté par des argiles avec quelques intercalations tourbeuses riches en macrorestes végétaux (bouleau nain, saule). L’image de la végétation donnée aussi bien par les pollens que par la faune de mollusques et d’insectes est celle d’une steppe encore très ouverte à armoise et genévriers, alors que les paléotempératures estivales indiquées par les insectes sont déjà proches de celles connues actuellement dans la région. Des paléotempératures hivernales sensiblement plus froides que les actuelles (-20 à 5 °C) renvoient cependant l’image d’un climat à caractère plus continental. Les dépôts lacustres sont ensuite recouverts par une couche de sables d’inondation attribués au Dryas moyen et/ou récent. L’assèchement du chenal et le développement d’un sol hydromorphe pourrait correspondre respectivement soit à l’Allerød, soit au tout début de l’Holocène. La seconde phase d’incision est attribuée au Préboréal et tronque la séquence tardiglaciaire; elle est associée à un style alluvial à chenaux anastomosés. L’abandon de la majorité des chenaux pendant le Boréal marque la réduction du lit à un chenal unique sinueux, comparable à celui qui caractérise le Caudeau actuel. Une industrie lithique de type Magdalénien supérieur a également été découverte sur la berge du chenal tardiglaciaire. L’industrie recueillie est exclusivement taillée dans le silex local maestrichtien. Elle comprend environ 200 éclats et 800 petits restes de taille, pour seulement 15 lames de plein débitage et 6 outils (sans aucun microlithe). L’utilisation exclusive d’un percuteur minéral tendre, la morphologie du nucléus laminaire, la rectitude des petites lames, les 2 lames appointées sont autant de caractères qui évoquent le stade ultime du Magdalénien supérieur, tel qu’il est connu plus en amont le long de la Dordogne sur les sites de la Gare de Couze et du Moulin du Roc. Late-glacial to Holocene alluvial deposits have been discovered along a small tributary of the Dordogne river at “La Brunetière” near Bergerac (Dordogne, southwestern France) and yield novel information on the evolution of rivers at the end of the Weichselian. The deposits show that the main alluvial changes described in Northern Europe occurred simultaneously at “La Brunetière”. Two major phases of channel incision in the basal Pleniglacial gravel body have been identified. The first channels developed at the very onset of the Bølling, i.e. before 12,700 ± 45 BP, in a steppic landscape. Rapid channel abandonment allowed development of a small lake, filled in with alternating peat and clay layers rich in vegetal debris. Pollen data as well as molluscs and insects point to an open Artemisia steppe with juniper trees, together with a local component of riparian shrubs (willow and dwarf birch). Palaeotemperatures reconstructed from coleopteran assemblages indicate larger-than-today yearly thermal amplitude with cold winters and warm summers. The lacustrine clays and peats are buried by sandy overbank deposits that are attributed to the Older and/or the Upper Dryas. Channel drying and subsequent hydromorphic soil development relate respectively to the Allerød or the early Holocene. The second phase of incision corresponds to the Preboreal and is typified by stable anastomosed channel formation. Most of these were abandoned during the Boreal and filled by organicclay. An Upper Magdalenian lithic industry has been discovered in a paleosol on the bank of the Late-glacial channel. It includes ca. 200 flakes and 800 small debris of local Maestrichtian flint, and only 15 full-debitage blades and 6 tools. Exclusive use of soft hammer, laminar core morphology, straightness of the small blades, and the 2 pointed blades indicate an ultimate stage of the Upper Magdalenian.
Published: 2009

31. Context, curation, and bias: an evaluation of the Middle Paleolithic collections of Combe-Grenal (France)

Author: Dibble, Harold L., P. Mcpherron, Shannon, Sandgathe, Dennis, Goldberg, Paul, Turq, Alain, Lenoir, Michel, Department of Anthropology [University of Pennsylvania], University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig], Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Curation, France, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Mousterian, Middle paleolithic, Combe-Grenal
Abstract: International audience; The site of Combe-Grenal is arguably the reference site for the Mousterian of southwest France. Bordes excavated the site over a period of 13 years and generated a large collection of lithics and fauna from a deep series of 64 Lower and Middle Paleolithic levels. Though Bordes only partially published his work at the site, its long stratigraphic sequence and particularly its collections have been subjected to numerous studies over the years and have figured prominently in several long-running debates concerning the Mousterian. Recently, the authors undertook a project to inventory and analyzed these collections along with the documentation of their archaeological context. In so doing, however, a number of serious problems became apparent with the collection in its current state, problems that cannot easily be resolved given the state of the available documentation. These problems have important implications not only for results of studies based on these collections, but more generally, they also point to problems in terms of how archaeological collections are curated.
Published: 2009

32. A Preliminary Report on Pech de l'Azé IV, Layer 8 (Middle Paleolithic, France)

Author: Dibble, Harold L., Berna, Francesco, Goldberg, Paul, Mcpherron, S.-P., Mentzer, Susan, Niven, Laura, Richter, Daniel, Sandgathe, Dennis, Théry-Parisot, Isabelle, Turq, Alain, Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), Centre d'Études Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age (CEPAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Musée National de Préhistoire, and Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)
Subjects: combustibles, Middle Paleolithic, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, burned bones, Paléolithique moyen, fuel, os brûlés
Abstract: International audience; Pech de l'Azé IV (Dordogne, France) is a collapsed cave with an approximately three meter sequence of wellpreserved Mousterian assemblages. At the base of the sequence, resting on bedrock, is a ~50cm thick layer (Layer 8) of dark, primarily anthropogenic sediments that show unambiguous evidence of Neandertal use of fire dating to the time of OIS 5c. The faunal assemblage, which suggests a temperate, wooded environment, has evidence for the exploitation of some small game, and provides possible evidence for some non-subsistence related activities. The stone tool assemblage is characterized by the use of Levallois technology and, among the retouched tools, scrapers are predominant. Raw materials were primarily local and the complete reduction sequence is present in the assemblage with no evidence for import or export of prepared elements. Because of the state of preservation of all aspects of this layer, it represents one of the clearest examples of human management of fire in the European Middle Paleolithic.
Published: 2009

33. The Pleistocene Quercy : a region continually occupied over the past 400,000 years ? Archeo-stratigraphies and radiometric dates

Author: Jacques Jaubert, J Bahain, J., Isabelle Couchoud, Nicola Debenham, Evin, J., Christophe Falguères, Michel Fontugne, Oberlin, C., Yves Quinif, Valladas, H., Michèle Allard, G Bordes, J., Laurence Bourguignon, Jean-Philip Brugal, Castel, J. C., Pierre Chalard, Jean Clottes, P Giraud, J., Marc Jarry, Ladier, E., Lorblanchet, M., Marie-Roger Seronie-Vivien, Alain Turq, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien (Archéorient), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Les hominidés au quaternaire : milieux et comportements (HQMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéométrie et archéologie : Origine, Datation et Technologies des matériaux, Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté Polytechnique de Mons, Service de Géologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Neurobiologie morphofonctionnelle, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut François Magendie-IFR8-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Unite toulousaine d'archéologie et d'histoire (UTAH), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénieur-géologue ENSPM retraité, ancien directeur de l'exploitation de la société ESSO-REP en France, 125 avenue d'Eyzines, 33110 Le Bouscat, Retraité, Musée National de Préhistoire, Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)
Subjects: [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Poster
Published: 2006

34. New research into the context of the Roc de Marsal (Dordogne, France) Neandertal

Author: Mcpherron, S., Blackwell, B., Castel, Jc, Isabelle Couchoud, Dibble, Hl, Guibert, P., Goldberg, P., Maureille, B., Sandgathe, D., Turq, A., De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Archaeology, Boston University [Boston] (BU), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), and Chkouki, Isabelle
Subjects: [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Poster
Abstract: Résumé dans American Journal of Physical Anthropology, suppl. 30, p. 154
Published: 2005

35. New excavations at the Middle Paleolithic site of Roc de Marsal (France)

Author: Sandgathe, D., Blackwell, B., Castel, Jean-Christophe, Couchoud, Isabelle, Dibble, Harold L., Goldberg, Paul, Maureille, Bruno, Mcpherron, S.-P., Skinner, A., Turq, Alain, Guibert, Pierre, Archéozoologie, histoire des sociétés et des peuplements animaux (AHS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Archaeology, Boston University [Boston] (BU), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)
Subjects: [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Poster
Published: 2005

36. Evidence for previously unknown mortuary practices in the Southwest of France (Fournol, Lot) during the Gravettian

Author: Mona Le Luyer, Laurent Crépin, Emmy Bocaege, Jean-Baptiste Caverne, Mathieu Rué, Stéphane Madelaine, André Morala, Sébastien Villotte, De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Paléotime, Archéologie des Sociétés Méditerranéennes (ASM), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), ANR-15-CE33-0004,GRAVETT'OS,Biologie, pathologie et comportements des Gravettiens : du squelette aux interprétations palethnologiques(2015), and Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Grave goods, Taphonomy, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, 060102 archaeology, Mid Upper Paleolithic, Disarticulation, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Mortuary practices, Ornaments, 06 humanities and the arts, medicine.disease, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, cut marks, Geography, post-mortem treatment, medicine, Upper Paleolithic, Cannibalism, 0601 history and archaeology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; European Mid Upper Paleolithic mortuary practices have been traditionally associated with primary burials, ochre, body ornaments and grave goods. Recently, evidence of the post-mortem treatment of skeletal remains, such as the displacement and removal of skeletal elements, has been reported for the Gravettian period in the Southwest of France. Here, we present the preliminary results of anthropological and taphonomic analyses of the human remains from the Gravettian site of Fournol (Soturac, Lot, France). We describe the first evidence of the scalping and disarticulation of human remains, a previously unknown post-mortem treatment in Gravettian contexts from the South West of France.
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37. Back(s) to basics: The concept of backing in stone tool technologies for tracing hominins' technical innovations.

Author: Delpiano D, Gravina B, and Peresani M
Abstract: The evolution of Paleolithic stone tool technologies is characterized by gradual increase in technical complexity along with changes in the composition of assemblages. In this respect, the emergence of retouched-backed tools is an important step and, for some, a proxy for "modern" behavior. However, backed tools emerge relatively early and develop together with major changes in Middle-Upper Pleistocene stone tool technologies. We provide an updated review of the emergence and development of the "backing" concept across multiple chrono-cultural contexts and discuss its relationship to both the emergence of hafting and major evolutionary steps in the ergonomics of stone tool use. Finally, we address potential mechanisms of context-specific re-invention of backing based primarily on data from the late Middle Paleolithic of Western Europe., (© 2024 The Author(s). Evolutionary Anthropology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Published: 2024
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38. Sex estimation of the adult Neandertal Regourdou 1 (Montignac, France): Implications for sexing human fossil remains.

Author: Rmoutilová R, Brůžek J, Gómez-Olivencia A, Madelaine S, Couture-Veschambre C, Holliday T, and Maureille B
Subjects: Animals, Humans, Male, Fossils, Genomics, Paleontology, France, Neanderthals anatomy & histology, Hominidae
Abstract: Sex is a biological trait fundamental to the study of hominin fossils. Among the many questions that can be addressed are those related to taxonomy, biological variability, sexual dimorphism, paleoobstetrics, funerary selection, and paleodemography. While new methodologies such as paleogenomics or paleoproteomics can be used to determine sex, they have not been systematically applied to Pleistocene human remains due to their destructive nature. Therefore, we estimated sex from the coxal bone of the newly discovered pelvic remains of the Regourdou 1 Neandertal (Southwest France, MIS 5) based on morphological and metric data employing two methods that have been recently revised and shown to be reliable in multiple studies. Both methods calculate posterior probabilities of the estimate. The right coxal bone of Regourdou 1 was partially reconstructed providing additional traits for sex estimation. These methods were cross validated on 14 sufficiently preserved coxal bones of specimens from the Neandertal lineage. Our results show that the Regourdou 1 individual, whose postcranial skeleton is not robust, is a male, and that previous sex attributions of comparative Neandertal specimens are largely in agreement with those obtained here. Our results encourage additional morphological research of fossil hominins in order to develop a set of methods that are applicable, reliable, and reproducible., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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39. Long-term behavioral adaptation of Oldowan toolmakers to resource-constrained environments at 2.3 Ma in the Lower Omo Valley (Ethiopia).

Author: Delagnes A, Galland A, Gravina B, Bertran P, Corbé M, Brenet M, Hailu HB, Sissay FM, Araya BG, Woldetsadik MG, and Boisserie JR
Subjects: Ethiopia, Acclimatization, Environment
Abstract: The long stratigraphic sequence of the Shungura Formation in the Lower Omo Valley documents 3 million years (Ma) of hominin evolution, which, when combined with detailed paleo-depositional environmental data, opens new perspectives for understanding the complex interactions between hominin landscape use and the development of stone tool-mediated activities. Stone tool assemblages produced by Paranthropus aethiopicus and/or a species of early Homo from ~ 2.3 Ma, reflect their ability to deal with the raw material scarce environment of the Lower Omo Valley. It remains to be seen whether this activity can be related to a single, brief occupation event or the expression of an emergent new adaptation. Here we report on the newly investigated site complex of OMO 79, which produced the first evidence for multiple phases of hominin tool-making and use in the Shungura Formation. The development of this long-lasting techno-economic behavior marks a cognitive tipping point around 2.3 Ma in the Lower Omo Valley, evidenced by the adaptability of the early hominins to resource-constrained environments., (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)
Published: 2023
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40. Exploring the relative influence of raw materials, percussion techniques, and hominin skill levels on the diversity of the early Oldowan assemblages: Insights from the Shungura Formation, Lower Omo Valley, Ethiopia.

Author: Delagnes A, Brenet M, Gravina B, and Santos F
Subjects: Animals, Humans, Ethiopia, Percussion, Environment, Archaeology, Fossils, Hominidae physiology
Abstract: The eastern African Oldowan has been documented in multiple raw material contexts and physical environments and displays considerable differences in terms of technological complexity. The relative influence of percussion techniques and raw material quality are central to debates concerning hominin skill levels as a potential driver of change during the period between 2.6 and 2 million-years (Ma). The early Oldowan assemblages from the Shugura Formation play a key role in these debates due to a number of distinctive features, including the small size of the artefacts and poorly controlled flaking. Here we mobilize quantified and replicable experimental data in order to (a) assess the significance of the bipolar technique in the Omo archaeological assemblages and (b) discriminate the respective impact of raw materials, technical choices and knapper skill levels on the unique character of these assemblages. By combining descriptive statistics with regression tree models, our analysis demonstrates knapper skill level to be of minimal importance in this context for the production of sharp-edged flakes. The absence of a link between skill and knapping success reflects the combined effect of raw material constraints, the frequent use of the bipolar technique, and relatively simple technical objectives. Our analysis confirms the key role played by local environmental conditions in the unique appearance of the Shungura assemblages, a relationship which has been frequently suggested but never demonstrated. Beyond the operational and sensorimotor skills considered in most studies, we suggest that the diversity of early Oldowan assemblages should be better sought in the cognitive abilities developed by early toolmakers as a response to landscape learning and use, two elements of early human evolution that remain largely unexplored., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Delagnes et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Published: 2023
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41. Author Correction: Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers.

Author: Posth C, Yu H, Ghalichi A, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Huang Y, Ringbauer H, Rohrlach AB, Nägele K, Villalba-Mouco V, Radzeviciute R, Ferraz T, Stoessel A, Tukhbatova R, Drucker DG, Lari M, Modi A, Vai S, Saupe T, Scheib CL, Catalano G, Pagani L, Talamo S, Fewlass H, Klaric L, Morala A, Rué M, Madelaine S, Crépin L, Caverne JB, Bocaege E, Ricci S, Boschin F, Bayle P, Maureille B, Le Brun-Ricalens F, Bordes JG, Oxilia G, Bortolini E, Bignon-Lau O, Debout G, Orliac M, Zazzo A, Sparacello V, Starnini E, Sineo L, van der Plicht J, Pecqueur L, Merceron G, Garcia G, Leuvrey JM, Garcia CB, Gómez-Olivencia A, Połtowicz-Bobak M, Bobak D, Le Luyer M, Storm P, Hoffmann C, Kabaciński J, Filimonova T, Shnaider S, Berezina N, González-Rabanal B, González Morales MR, Marín-Arroyo AB, López B, Alonso-Llamazares C, Ronchitelli A, Polet C, Jadin I, Cauwe N, Soler J, Coromina N, Rufí I, Cottiaux R, Clark G, Straus LG, Julien MA, Renhart S, Talaa D, Benazzi S, Romandini M, Amkreutz L, Bocherens H, Wißing C, Villotte S, de Pablo JF, Gómez-Puche M, Esquembre-Bebia MA, Bodu P, Smits L, Souffi B, Jankauskas R, Kozakaitė J, Cupillard C, Benthien H, Wehrberger K, Schmitz RW, Feine SC, Schüler T, Thevenet C, Grigorescu D, Lüth F, Kotula A, Piezonka H, Schopper F, Svoboda J, Sázelová S, Chizhevsky A, Khokhlov A, Conard NJ, Valentin F, Harvati K, Semal P, Jungklaus B, Suvorov A, Schulting R, Moiseyev V, Mannermaa K, Buzhilova A, Terberger T, Caramelli D, Altena E, Haak W, and Krause J
Published: 2023
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42. Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers.

Author: Posth C, Yu H, Ghalichi A, Rougier H, Crevecoeur I, Huang Y, Ringbauer H, Rohrlach AB, Nägele K, Villalba-Mouco V, Radzeviciute R, Ferraz T, Stoessel A, Tukhbatova R, Drucker DG, Lari M, Modi A, Vai S, Saupe T, Scheib CL, Catalano G, Pagani L, Talamo S, Fewlass H, Klaric L, Morala A, Rué M, Madelaine S, Crépin L, Caverne JB, Bocaege E, Ricci S, Boschin F, Bayle P, Maureille B, Le Brun-Ricalens F, Bordes JG, Oxilia G, Bortolini E, Bignon-Lau O, Debout G, Orliac M, Zazzo A, Sparacello V, Starnini E, Sineo L, van der Plicht J, Pecqueur L, Merceron G, Garcia G, Leuvrey JM, Garcia CB, Gómez-Olivencia A, Połtowicz-Bobak M, Bobak D, Le Luyer M, Storm P, Hoffmann C, Kabaciński J, Filimonova T, Shnaider S, Berezina N, González-Rabanal B, González Morales MR, Marín-Arroyo AB, López B, Alonso-Llamazares C, Ronchitelli A, Polet C, Jadin I, Cauwe N, Soler J, Coromina N, Rufí I, Cottiaux R, Clark G, Straus LG, Julien MA, Renhart S, Talaa D, Benazzi S, Romandini M, Amkreutz L, Bocherens H, Wißing C, Villotte S, de Pablo JF, Gómez-Puche M, Esquembre-Bebia MA, Bodu P, Smits L, Souffi B, Jankauskas R, Kozakaitė J, Cupillard C, Benthien H, Wehrberger K, Schmitz RW, Feine SC, Schüler T, Thevenet C, Grigorescu D, Lüth F, Kotula A, Piezonka H, Schopper F, Svoboda J, Sázelová S, Chizhevsky A, Khokhlov A, Conard NJ, Valentin F, Harvati K, Semal P, Jungklaus B, Suvorov A, Schulting R, Moiseyev V, Mannermaa K, Buzhilova A, Terberger T, Caramelli D, Altena E, Haak W, and Krause J
Subjects: Humans, Europe ethnology, Gene Pool, History, Ancient, Archaeology, Genomics, Hunting, Paleontology, Human Genetics, Genome, Human genetics
Abstract: Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years 1,2 . Our knowledge of the genetic relatedness and structure of ancient hunter-gatherers is however limited, owing to the scarceness and poor molecular preservation of human remains from that period 3 . Here we analyse 356 ancient hunter-gatherer genomes, including new genomic data for 116 individuals from 14 countries in western and central Eurasia, spanning between 35,000 and 5,000 years ago. We identify a genetic ancestry profile in individuals associated with Upper Palaeolithic Gravettian assemblages from western Europe that is distinct from contemporaneous groups related to this archaeological culture in central and southern Europe 4 , but resembles that of preceding individuals associated with the Aurignacian culture. This ancestry profile survived during the Last Glacial Maximum (25,000 to 19,000 years ago) in human populations from southwestern Europe associated with the Solutrean culture, and with the following Magdalenian culture that re-expanded northeastward after the Last Glacial Maximum. Conversely, we reveal a genetic turnover in southern Europe suggesting a local replacement of human groups around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum, accompanied by a north-to-south dispersal of populations associated with the Epigravettian culture. From at least 14,000 years ago, an ancestry related to this culture spread from the south across the rest of Europe, largely replacing the Magdalenian-associated gene pool. After a period of limited admixture that spanned the beginning of the Mesolithic, we find genetic interactions between western and eastern European hunter-gatherers, who were also characterized by marked differences in phenotypically relevant variants., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
Published: 2023
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43. Enhancing the learning of evolutionary anthropology skills by combining student-active teaching with actual and virtual immersion of Master's students in fieldwork, laboratory practice, and dissemination.

Author: Bayle P, Armand D, Bessou M, Cochard D, Couture C, Deguilloux MF, Ferrier C, Haget C, Jaubert J, Knüsel C, Martins S, Pubert É, Rottier S, Souron A, Beauval C, Caillo A, Dutailly B, Girault T, Hesry M, Lacrampe-Cuyaubère F, Ledevin R, Masset C, Mesa-Saborido M, Mora P, Muth X, Pinson R, Thibeault A, Thomas M, Vanderesse N, and Bordes JG
Abstract: Higher education in evolutionary anthropology involves providing students with in-depth knowledge of biological and cultural heritage sites and collections that are frequently inaccessible. Indeed, most sites, fossils, and archaeological remains can be visited or manipulated only rarely and solely by specialists with extensive experience. Owing to the development of 3D and medical imaging techniques, this fragile heritage is now more widely accessible, and in a dynamic way. However, exclusive adoption of virtual teaching and learning has a negative impact on student engagement and, naturally, on exchanges with instructors, and thus cannot be used without some reservations. In the ITAP ( Immersion dans les Terrains de l'Anthropologie biologique et de la Préhistoire ) project of the higher education STEP ( Soutien à la Transformation et à l'Expérimentation Pédagogiques ) transformation program at the University of Bordeaux, we combine student-active teaching with Master's students fully immersed in ongoing fieldwork, laboratory study, and dissemination of research results in order to develop more individually shaped learning curricula and to foster both professional and new interdisciplinary skills. Here, we present examples of experiments conducted in the ITAP project using both authentic and virtual collections of archaeological, experimental, and reference materials that help to break down the barriers between research activities and higher education, as well as providing a more general appraisal of the appropriate use of virtual tools in higher education by combining them with real-life situations., Competing Interests: The authors declare no potential conflict of interest., (© 2022 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2022
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44. Evidence of the use of soft footwear in the Gravettian cave of Cussac (Dordogne, France).

Author: Ledoux L, Berillon G, Fourment N, Muth X, and Jaubert J
Abstract: Humans appear to have regularly worn footwear since at least the Early Upper Palaeolithic. However, due to the perishable nature of footwear, the archaeological record of its presence during the Pleistocene is poor. While footwear would have played an essential role in protecting the foot, it could also have been used as ornamentation and/or as a social marker. Footprints may provide the most relevant insight regarding the origin and function of footwear. Here we report the discovery of footprints in Cussac Cave (southwest France) at 28-31 ka cal BP and the results of a multi-focal approach, including experimentation, that demonstrate that Gravettian people most likely wore footwear while moving through the cave. These singular footprints would constitute one of the oldest cases of indirect evidence for this unusual practice in decorated Palaeolithic caves and reinforce the exceptional nature of Cussac already attested by the presence of monumental engravings and funerary deposits., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
Published: 2021
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45. Isotopic calcium biogeochemistry of MIS 5 fossil vertebrate bones: application to the study of the dietary reconstruction of Regourdou 1 Neandertal fossil.

Author: Dodat PJ, Tacail T, Albalat E, Gómez-Olivencia A, Couture-Veschambre C, Holliday T, Madelaine S, Martin JE, Rmoutilova R, Maureille B, and Balter V
Subjects: Animals, France, Bone and Bones chemistry, Calcium Isotopes analysis, Diet, Fossils, Neanderthals, Vertebrates
Abstract: The calcium isotopic composition (δ 44/42 Ca) of bone and tooth enamel can be used for dietary reconstructions of extant and extinct mammals. In natural conditions, the δ 44/42 Ca value of bone and teeth varies according to dietary intake with a constant isotopic offset of about -0.6‰. Owing to the poor conservation of collagen, carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) isotopic compositions of the Regourdou Mousterian site (MIS 5, Dordogne, France) previously failed to provide any paleodietary information. Therefore, to reconstruct the trophic chain, we have measured calcium (Ca) isotopes from fossil bone samples of the fauna from the Regourdou site, as well as from three bone samples of the Regourdou 1 Neandertal specimen. The results show a taxon-dependent patterning of the Ca isotopic compositions: herbivores generally have higher δ 44/42 Ca values than carnivores. All the δ 44/42 Ca values of Regourdou 1 are low (<-1.6‰), placing this specimen amid carnivores. Using a bone-muscle Ca isotopic offset determined on extant animals, we further show that the δ 44/42 Ca value of the Regourdou 1 diet, and that of most carnivores, cannot be accounted for by the consumption of meat only, as plants and meat have indistinguishable δ 44/42 Ca values. Mass balance calculations indicate that the low δ 44/42 Ca values of the Neandertal's carnivorous diet are explained by the ingestion of bone marrow containing as little as 1% trabecular bone. Our results show that the Regourdou 1 Neanderthal consumed a mixture of various herbivorous prey, as well as trabecular bone, which probably occurred when marrow was ingested, by accident or intentionally., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2021
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46. Reconstructing Late Pleistocene paleoclimate at the scale of human behavior: an example from the Neandertal occupation of La Ferrassie (France).

Author: Pederzani S, Aldeias V, Dibble HL, Goldberg P, Hublin JJ, Madelaine S, McPherron SP, Sandgathe D, Steele TE, Turq A, and Britton K
Subjects: Animals, France, Humans, Archaeology, Behavior, Animal, Fossils, Neanderthals
Abstract: Exploring the role of changing climates in human evolution is currently impeded by a scarcity of climatic information at the same temporal scale as the human behaviors documented in archaeological sites. This is mainly caused by high uncertainties in the chronometric dates used to correlate long-term climatic records with archaeological deposits. One solution is to generate climatic data directly from archaeological materials representing human behavior. Here we use oxygen isotope measurements of Bos/Bison tooth enamel to reconstruct summer and winter temperatures in the Late Pleistocene when Neandertals were using the site of La Ferrassie. Our results indicate that, despite the generally cold conditions of the broader period and despite direct evidence for cold features in certain sediments at the site, Neandertals used the site predominantly when climatic conditions were mild, similar to conditions in modern day France. We suggest that due to millennial scale climate variability, the periods of human activity and their climatic characteristics may not be representative of average conditions inferred from chronological correlations with long-term climatic records. These results highlight the importance of using direct routes, such as the high-resolution archives in tooth enamel from anthropogenically accumulated faunal assemblages, to establish climatic conditions at a human scale.
Published: 2021
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47. Pluridisciplinary evidence for burial for the La Ferrassie 8 Neandertal child.

Author: Balzeau A, Turq A, Talamo S, Daujeard C, Guérin G, Welker F, Crevecoeur I, Fewlass H, Hublin JJ, Lahaye C, Maureille B, Meyer M, Schwab C, and Gómez-Olivencia A
Subjects: Animals, Archaeology, Bone and Bones metabolism, Child, Preschool, DNA, Mitochondrial genetics, Fossils, France, Geology, History, Ancient, Hominidae, Humans, Mass Spectrometry methods, Paleontology, Burial history, Burial methods, Neanderthals psychology
Abstract: The origin of funerary practices has important implications for the emergence of so-called modern cognitive capacities and behaviour. We provide new multidisciplinary information on the archaeological context of the La Ferrassie 8 Neandertal skeleton (grand abri of La Ferrassie, Dordogne, France), including geochronological data - 14 C and OSL-, ZooMS and ancient DNA data, geological and stratigraphic information from the surrounding context, complete taphonomic study of the skeleton and associated remains, spatial information from the 1968-1973 excavations, and new (2014) fieldwork data. Our results show that a pit was dug in a sterile sediment layer and the corpse of a two-year-old child was laid there. A hominin bone from this context, identified through Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) and associated with Neandertal based on its mitochondrial DNA, yielded a direct 14 C age of 41.7-40.8 ka cal BP (95%), younger than the 14 C dates of the overlying archaeopaleontological layers and the OSL age of the surrounding sediment. This age makes the bone one of the most recent directly dated Neandertals. It is consistent with the age range for the Châtelperronian in the site and in this region and represents the third association of Neandertal taxa to Initial Upper Palaeolithic lithic technocomplex in Western Europe. A detailed multidisciplinary approach, as presented here, is essential to advance understanding of Neandertal behavior, including funerary practices.
Published: 2020
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48. A case of marked bilateral asymmetry in the sacral alae of the Neandertal specimen Regourdou 1 (Périgord, France).

Author: Rmoutilová R, Gómez-Olivencia A, Brůžek J, Holliday T, Ledevin R, Couture-Veschambre C, Madelaine S, Džupa V, Velemínská J, and Maureille B
Subjects: Animals, France, Fossils anatomy & histology, Neanderthals abnormalities, Sacrum abnormalities
Abstract: Objectives: A marked asymmetry was previously reported in the sacral alae and S1-L5 facets orientation of the Neandertal individual Regourdou 1. Here, we provide a detailed description and quantification of the morphology and degree of asymmetry of this sacrum., Material and Methods: Regourdou 1 was compared to a modern human sample composed of 24 females and 17 males, and to other Neandertal individuals. Both traditional and geometric morphometric analyses were used in order to quantify the degree of sacral asymmetry of Regourdou 1., Results: The asymmetry of both sacral alae and facets orientation substantially exceeds directional and absolute asymmetry of the healthy modern sample. Regourdou 1 shows a considerably shorter right ala, which is absolutely and relatively outside of the modern and Neandertal variations., Conclusion: Regourdou 1 shows marked sacral asymmetry that probably originated in early ontogenetic development. An asymmetric sacrum reflects asymmetric load dissipation and could relate to other morphological abnormalities observed in the skeleton, especially the mild scoliosis of the spine and the asymmetry of the femoral diaphyses. Further investigation is necessary to elucidate the relationship between those morphologies as well as a potential impact on the life of the individual., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
Published: 2020
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49. Isolated teeth from La Ferrassie: Reassessment of the old collections, new remains, and their implications.

Author: Becam G, Verna C, Gómez-Robles A, Gómez-Olivencia A, Albessard L, Arnaud J, Frelat MA, Madelaine S, Schwab C, Souday C, Turq A, and Balzeau A
Subjects: Animals, Anthropology, Physical, Caves, Dental Enamel anatomy & histology, Dental Enamel diagnostic imaging, Dentin anatomy & histology, Dentin diagnostic imaging, France, Humans, Odontometry, Tooth diagnostic imaging, X-Ray Microtomography, Neanderthals anatomy & histology, Tooth anatomy & histology
Abstract: Objectives: We provide the description and comparative analysis of six new teeth from the site of La Ferrassie. Our goal is to discuss their taxonomic attribution, and to provide an updated inventory of Neandertal and modern human remains from La Ferrassie in their associated archeological context., Materials and Methods: We use external and internal anatomy, classic morphometrics, and geometric morphometrics. The teeth from La Ferrassie are compared to several samples of contemporary Neandertals and upper Paleolithic modern humans and to recent modern humans., Results: Three specimens are classified as Neandertals, two as modern humans, and one remains unclassified., Discussion: Based on the previously known fossil samples and the new teeth reported here, there are currently a minimum of four adult and five immature Neandertal individuals coming from the "Grand Abri" and a minimum of two modern human adult individuals: one from "Grand Abri" and one from "Grotte." It is noteworthy that the spatial distribution of the recovered Neandertal remains is not restricted to the area where the LF1-LF 8 were found but now covers the full extension of the excavated area. Moreover, while both Neandertal and modern human occupations have yielded isolated human remains, the partial-to-complete skeletons only belong to Neandertals. These considerations open new perspectives for the understanding of the occupation and use of the La Ferrassie site., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
Published: 2019
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50. The costal skeleton of the Regourdou 1 Neandertal.

Author: Gómez-Olivencia A, Holliday T, Madelaine S, Couture-Veschambre C, and Maureille B
Subjects: Animals, Male, Fossils anatomy & histology, Neanderthals anatomy & histology, Ribs anatomy & histology
Abstract: The morphology and size of the Neandertal thorax is a subject of growing interest due to its link to general aspects of body size and shape, including physiological aspects related to bioenergetics and activity budgets. However, the number of well-preserved adult Neandertal costal remains is still low. The recent finding of new additional costal remains from the Regourdou 1 (R1) skeleton has rendered this skeleton as one of the most complete Neandertal costal skeletons with a minimum of 18 ribs represented, five of which are complete or virtually complete. Here we describe for the first time all the rib remains from R1 and compare them to a large modern Euroamerican male sample as well as to other published Neandertal individuals. The costal skeleton of this individual shows significant metric and morphological differences from our modern human male comparative sample. The perceived differences include: dorsoventrally large 1st and 2nd ribs, 3rd ribs with a very closed dorsal curvature and large maximum diameters at the posterior angle, a large tubercle-iliocostal line distance in the 4th rib, thick shafts at the dorsal end of its 6th ribs, thick mid-shafts of the 8th ribs, large articular tubercles at the 9th ribs, and thick shafts of the 11th and 12th ribs. Here we also describe a new mesosternal fragment: the left lateral half of sternebral segments 4 and 5. This portion reveals that the mesosternum of R1 had a sternal foramen in its inferiormost preserved sternal segment and supports previous estimation of the total length of this mesosternum. The new costal remains from R1 support the view that Neandertals, when compared with modern humans, show a significantly different thorax, consistent with differences found in other anatomical regions such as the vertebral column and pelvis., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2019
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