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Applications in industrial production have indicated that the challenges of sparse fault samples and singular monitoring data will diminish the performance of deep learning-based diagnostic models to varying degrees. To alleviate the above issues, a multi-source information fusion meta-learning network with convolutional block attention module (CBAM) is proposed in this study for bearing fault diagnosis under limited dataset. This method can fully extract and exploit the complementary and enriched fault-related features in the multi-source monitoring data through the designed multi-branch fusion structure and incorporate metric-based meta-learning to enhance the fault diagnosis performance of the model under limited data samples. Furthermore, the introduction of CBAM can further assist the model to trade-off and focus on more discriminative information in both spatial and channel dimensions. Extensive experiments conducted on two bearing datasets that cover multi-source monitoring data fully demonstrate the validity and superiority of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a novel ultra low jitter phase‐locked loop (PLL) circuit architecture for RF Sampling Transceiver. The programmable frequency divider with duty cycle expansion and the new phase frequency detector and charge pump circuit are used to solve the problem of voltage domain conversion of narrow pulses in the traditional high‐performance charge pump PLL structure. The traditional structure degrades charge pump linearity and noise, thus deteriorating overall jitter performance. Furthermore, voltage‐controlled oscillator uses the dual core structure and the second harmonic suppression technology, combined with the proposed new switching capacitor structure, and achieves −139.3 dBc/Hz phase noise at the 1 MHz frequency offset of the 5.2 GHz carrier under the open loop state. The PLL implemented in a standard Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company 28 nm process occupies a core area of 0.4 mm2 and generates a frequency ranging from 4 to 5.2 GHz using 50 MHz oscillator input, the power consumption is 40 mW. It achieves 74.8 fs root‐mean‐square jitter integrated from 10 KHz to 30 MHz. When the PLL output is divided by 2, the output phase noise at 1 MHz frequency offset is −125.75 dBc/Hz, and the PLL FoM is −246. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In2O3 films were deposited on c-plane sapphire substrates by using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) without and with oxygen plasma at various growth temperature. The crystal structure, optical properties and surface morphologies were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, spectrophotometer and atomic force microscope. XRD analysis revealed that all films have the body-centered cubic structure with a preferable (222) orientation. The results of XRC, Raman spectroscopy and spectrophotometer prove the superiority of plasma-assisted PLD. The low temperature growth of crystal In2O3 film paves the way to be compatible with the established silicon microfabrication processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a geological research related to formation of pyrites and their thermoelectric coefficient in the Mengqiguer uranium deposit of the Yili Basin in China. Topics discussed include relation of thermoelectric coefficient of pyrites with trace elements, supersaturation of iron element in high temperature pyrites and division of pyrites formation in Mengqiguer uranium deposit include relation with uranium ore formation and possibility of hot water activity in mineralization.

The article focuses on a research on coupling relationship between sandstone type uranium mineralization and yili basin sedimentary and evolution of the Tianshan tectonic belt in China. It discusses the identification of five age periods through Apatite Fission Track dating suggesting uprising-erosion events in the area. It also reports on sedimentary sequences and unconformities in the basin suggesting extension during the Carboniferous and Permian period and shrinking period during Triassic.

The article focuses on a study of genesis regarding strong Kaolinization of Ore-bearing Sandstone in the uranium deposit of Mengqiguer in China. Topics discussed include Mengqiguer deposit suffering from clay alteration, the presence of crystal morphology in the kaolinite formed during burial process, and decarboxylation of the organic matter in rocks.

The article discusses a study on fluid of Mengqiguer uranium deposit in China. It mentions that fluid inclusions located in quartz fragment fracture contain liquid brine and hydrocarbon-containing aqueous solution. It states that vitrinite reflectance on organic matter in sand bodies is ranged from 0.40 percent to 0.74 percent. It also mentions that ore-forming fluid consists of mineral water containing oxygen and uranium and reducing hydrocarbon.

[Display omitted] • Prenatal PM 2.5 composition exposure was estimated in China with severe pollution. • Infant cognitive and motor functions in five domains were tested at 12 months by ASQ. • The effects of composition-specific PM 2.5 were further evaluated. • PM 2.5 compositions were negatively associated with ASQ scores in all five domains. • All PM 2.5 compositions except OM were associated with lower problem-solving scores. Prenatal fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) exposure has been linked to infant cognitive and motor functions, but the effects of PM 2.5 chemical composition remain unclear. We aimed to explore the associations of prenatal PM 2.5 and its composition exposure with infant cognitive and motor functions. We studied 2,435 mother-infant pairs in the Shanghai Birth Cohort Study. PM 2.5 and its seven compositions [primary particles (black carbon, mineral dust and sea salts) and secondary particles (NH 4 +, NO 3 –, SO 4 2- and organic matter)] during the three trimesters of pregnancy were retrieved from the V4.CH.03 product developed by using a combined geoscience-statistical method. At the 12-month-old follow-up, infant cognitive and motor functions in five domains were assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). We used multivariable linear regressions to estimate the effects of PM 2.5 and its composition on the ASQ scores, for all infants and stratifying by sex and breastfeeding duration. PM 2.5 exposure was negatively associated with gross motor, problem-solving and personal-social scores for all infants. PM 2.5 compositions were inversely associated with ASQ scores in all five domains, and the effects of different compositions varied across domains. Specifically, all compositions except organic matter were correlated with lower problem-solving scores [e.g., (β S O 4 2 - = − 10.79, 95 % CI: −17.40, −4.18) ∼ (β N O 3 - = − 4.68, 95 % CI: −7.84, −1.53); for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM 2.5 compositions during the third trimester]. Primary and some secondary particles (organic matter, NO 3 –) were related to lower gross motor scores. Secondary particles were also inversely associated with communication (organic matter and NO 3 –), fine motor (NH 4 +, NO 3 –, SO 4 2-) and personal-social (NH 4 +) scores. Additionally, boys and infants breastfed for < 6 months appeared to be more susceptible. We found negative associations of PM 2.5 and its compositions with infant cognitive and motor functions over a range of domains, especially the problem-solving domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Few studies have examined the adverse birth sizes of preconception exposure to organophosphate pesticides (OPs) in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). We investigated the relationship of preconception OP exposure with birth sizes among Chinese women undergoing IVF. This study included 302 couples seeking infertility treatment in the China National Birth Cohort Study, from Shanghai, China, who gave birth to singleton infants between 2018 and 2021. Clinical data were collected from medical records. We measured the concentrations of six nonspecific dialkyl phosphates (DAP) metabolites of OPs [diethylthiophosphate (DETP), diethylphosphate (DEP), diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP), dimethyldithiophosphate (DMTP), dimethylphosphate (DMP), and dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP)] in maternal urine. DMDTP and DEDTP were precluded from further analyses due to the low detection rates. Generalized linear models (GLMs) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression analyses were performed to examine the individual and joint effects of OP exposures on gestational age, birth weight, body length, and ponderal index. Odder ratio (OR) of preterm birth were estimated using logistic regression models. Women in the highest as compared with lowest quartile of DEP had shorter gestational age (β = - 0.68; 95% CI = −1.24, −0.11). The association was modified by sex, with boys showing larger decreases in gestational age (β = - 0.86; 95% CI = −1.60, −0.13). No associations were found between other DAP metabolites and birth sizes. Results from linear models with individual DAP metabolites were corroborated by the WQS regression where DEP had the largest contribution to the overall mixture effect on gestational age (weight = 0.70). Moreover, DEP concentration was associated with an elevated risk of preterm birth (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.11, 2.25). Preconception DEP concentration was associated with shortened gestational age and increased risk of preterm birth, and the association was more pronounced among boys than girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are believed to impair early neurodevelopment and disrupt thyroid hormone (TH) levels. However, there are limited epidemiological data on the neurodevelopmental effects in infancy of prenatal PFAS exposure and the potential mediating effects of TH. To evaluate potential associations between prenatal PFAS exposure and early neurodevelopmental deficiencies, and assess mediator effects of TH. From 2010 to 2013, 274 mother-infant pairs were recruited to the Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort in China. Ten PFAS and five TH were measured in cord serum. Developmental quotient (DQ) from 5 domains (adaptive, social, language, gross and fine motor) was assessed using Gesell Developmental Schedules for each child at 1 year of age. The associations between PFAS and DQs were evaluated using multivariable linear regressions. TH-mediated effects of PFAS on DQs were calculated by mediation analyses. Among our study population, PFAS exposures were common and associated with DQ decrement in infants. For each 10-fold increase in PFBS concentrations, gross motor and adaptive DQ decreased by 8.56 (95%CI: −15.15, −1.97) and 5.87 (95%CI: −8.07, −3.67) points, respectively. TSH mediated 12.90% of the association of PFBS with gross motor DQ and FT4 explained 19.63% of the association of PFBS with adaptive DQ. The negative association was also found between PFHxS exposure and gross motor DQ (β = 8.14, 95%CI: −15.39, −0.98). PFBS and PFHxS were negatively associated with early neurodevelopment, especially consistent in gross motor domain. The associations were partly explained by TSH and FT4. • The relationship between PFAS exposure, thyroid hormones and infant neurodevelopment were assessed in a Chinese birth cohort. • Prenatal PFHxS and PFBS exposure were associated with lower gross motor DQ, especially in males. • TSH and FT4 partly mediated the association of PFBS with DQ in several neurodevelopmental domains at 1 year of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pregnant women are ubiquitously exposed to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Prenatal exposure to PFAS has been associated with lower birth weight but also with excess adiposity and higher weight in childhood. These mixed findings warrant investigation of the relationship between PFAS and dynamic offspring growth., Objectives: To investigate the association between prenatal PFAS exposure and early-life growth trajectories during the first 2 y., Methods: Pregnant women ( n = 3,426 ) were recruited from 2013 to 2016 from the Shanghai Birth Cohort (SBC) Study, and their children were followed up from birth to 2 y of age. Seven PFAS congeners were quantified in pregnant women's serum during the first trimester. Our study population was restricted to 1,350 children who had five repeated measurements for at least one anthropometric measure. Four anthropometric measures, including weight, length/height, weight-for-length, and head circumference, were evaluated at birth, 42 d, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months, and standardized into z -scores using the World Health Organization reference. Trajectories of each measure were classified into five groups using group-based trajectory modeling. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for trajectory groups according to log 2 -transformed PFAS concentrations, and the moderate-stable group was selected as the reference group for all measures., Results: Higher prenatal exposure to PFAS was associated with elevated odds for the low-rising weight-for-age z -score (WAZ) trajectory, and the high-rising length-for-age z -score (LAZ) trajectory. Meanwhile, PFAS levels were associated with decreased odds for the low-rising and high-rising weight-for-length z -score (WLZ) trajectories. In addition, the associations of PFAS with growth trajectory groups differed by sex, where males had greater odds for the low-rising and low-stable WAZ trajectories and for the high-stable and low-rising WLZ trajectories. In contrast, inverse associations were consistently observed with trajectories of the high-stable, low-stable, and low-rising head-circumference-for-age z -score (HCZ) in relation to most individual PFAS congeners. PFAS mixtures analysis further confirmed the above findings., Discussion: Trajectory analysis approach provided insight into the complex associations between PFAS exposure and offspring growth. Future studies are warranted to confirm the present findings with trajectory modeling strategies and understand the clinical significance of these trajectory groups. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9875.

Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://dx.doi.org/10.21037/qims-21-632). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.