864 results on '"Pause, A"'
Search Results
2. Genetic background of semen parameters in Italian Simmental bulls
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Alberto Cesarani, Francesca Corte Pause, Jorge Hidalgo, Andre Garcia, Lorenzo Degano, Daniele Vicario, Nicolò P.P. Macciotta, and Giuseppe Stradaioli
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genome-wide association study ,fertility ,single-step genomic blup ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and investigate the genomic background of scrotal circumference and semen parameters in the Italian Simmental bulls. Scrotal circumference, number of normal spermatozoa, ejaculate volume, spermatozoa motility, and total spermatozoa were measured on 622 bulls, of which 603 had genotypes for 42,141 SNP. Variance components of scrotal circumference were estimated with an animal model that included the fixed effects of birth year, animal age, and measurement method, and the random effects of day of measurement and animal. In the model for the other traits, the scrotal circumference was added as a covariate to account for its influence on the semen parameters. A genome-wide association study was carried out using the ssGBLUP-approach. Heritabilities ranged from 0.07 ± 0.05 (spermatozoa motility) to 0.50 ± 0.14 (scrotal circumference). A total of 13 SNP passed the Bonferroni correction threshold and the number of significantly associated markers ranged from 1 (ejaculate volume and spermatozoa motility) to 5 (total spermatozoa). Genes already associated with reproduction parameters were retrieved close to the significant SNP. Results of the present study gave preliminary insights about the genetic determinism of semen quality in Italian Simmental bulls.Highlights Low to moderate heritabilities were estimated for semen traits. Few markers were associated with the phenotypes, suggesting their polygenic determinism. Candidate genes already associated in literature with sperm traits were found.
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- 2023
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3. Monitoring Water Diversity and Water Quality with Remote Sensing and Traits
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Angela Lausch, Lutz Bannehr, Stella A. Berger, Erik Borg, Jan Bumberger, Jorg M. Hacker, Thomas Heege, Michael Hupfer, András Jung, Katja Kuhwald, Natascha Oppelt, Marion Pause, Franziska Schrodt, Peter Selsam, Fabian von Trentini, Michael Vohland, and Cornelia Glässer
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water diversity ,water quality ,traits ,earth observation ,remote sensing ,water trait diversity ,Science - Abstract
Changes and disturbances to water diversity and quality are complex and multi-scale in space and time. Although in situ methods provide detailed point information on the condition of water bodies, they are of limited use for making area-based monitoring over time, as aquatic ecosystems are extremely dynamic. Remote sensing (RS) provides methods and data for the cost-effective, comprehensive, continuous and standardised monitoring of characteristics and changes in characteristics of water diversity and water quality from local and regional scales to the scale of entire continents. In order to apply and better understand RS techniques and their derived spectral indicators in monitoring water diversity and quality, this study defines five characteristics of water diversity and quality that can be monitored using RS. These are the diversity of water traits, the diversity of water genesis, the structural diversity of water, the taxonomic diversity of water and the functional diversity of water. It is essential to record the diversity of water traits to derive the other four characteristics of water diversity from RS. Furthermore, traits are the only and most important interface between in situ and RS monitoring approaches. The monitoring of these five characteristics of water diversity and water quality using RS technologies is presented in detail and discussed using numerous examples. Finally, current and future developments are presented to advance monitoring using RS and the trait approach in modelling, prediction and assessment as a basis for successful monitoring and management strategies.
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- 2024
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4. In vitro gas production from pearl millet cultivars under nitrogen levels
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Aldi Fernandes de Souza FRANÇA, Nelson Rafael da SILVA, Leonardo Guimarães OLIVEIRA, Ludmilla Costa BRUNES, Daniel Staciarini CORRÊA, Reginaldo Ferreira NASSAR, Reginaldo JACOVETTI, and Alzira Gabriela da SILVA PAUSE
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Fermentation ,Nitrogen fertilization ,Pennisetum glaucum ,Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling ,SH1-691 ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro gas production from three pearl millet cultivars submitted to four nitrogen levels. The treatments consisted of three pearl millet cultivars (ADR 500, ADR 7020, and LABH 70732) and four nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100, and 200 kg/ha), using urea as the nitrogen source. A 3 x 4 factorial experimental design, employing a randomized block setup, was used to assess both gas production and digestibility. No interaction was observed between nitrogen doses and fermentative parameters on in vitro gas production from the dry matter of pearl millet cultivars. Nitrogen had no impact on the dry matter content or chemical composition of the cultivars. Consistency prevailed in the chemical composition across the various cultivars, a trend that extended to the gas production rates for both soluble and insoluble contents. Notably, nitrogen fertilizer exerted an influence on the fermentation pattern of organic matter, gas production, and lag time for the cultivars. Nitrogen fertilization is advised solely for enhancing fermentative attributes in the case of the cultivar ADR 7020.
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- 2024
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5. Anaerobic glucose uptake in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 in a bioelectrochemical system
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Laura Pause, Anna Weimer, Nicolas T. Wirth, Anh Vu Nguyen, Claudius Lenz, Michael Kohlstedt, Christoph Wittmann, Pablo I. Nikel, Bin Lai, and Jens O. Krömer
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Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 - Abstract
Abstract Providing an anodic potential in a bio‐electrochemical system to the obligate aerobe Pseudomonas putida enables anaerobic survival and allows the cells to overcome redox imbalances. In this setup, the bacteria could be exploited to produce chemicals via oxidative pathways at high yield. However, the absence of anaerobic growth and low carbon turnover rates remain as obstacles for the application of such an electro‐fermentation technology. Growth and carbon turnover start with carbon uptake into the periplasm and cytosol. P. putida KT2440 has three native transporting systems for glucose, each differing in energy and redox demand. This architecture previously led to the hypothesis that internal redox and energy constraints ultimately limit cytoplasmic carbon utilization in a bio‐electrochemical system. However, it remains largely unclear which uptake route is predominantly used by P. putida under electro‐fermentative conditions. To elucidate this, we created three gene deletion mutants of P. putida KT2440, forcing the cells to exclusively utilize one of the routes. When grown in a bio‐electrochemical system, the pathway mutants were heavily affected in terms of sugar consumption, current output and product formation. Surprisingly, however, we found that about half of the acetate formed in the cytoplasm originated from carbon that was put into the system via the inoculation biomass, while the other half came from the consumption of substrate. The deletion of individual sugar uptake routes did not alter significantly the secreted acetate concentrations among different strains even with different carbon sources. This means that the stoichiometry of the sugar uptake routes is not a limiting factor during electro‐fermentation and that the low rates might be caused by other reasons, for example energy limitations or a yet‐to‐be‐identified oxygen‐dependent regulatory mechanism.
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- 2024
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6. Ecosystem Integrity Remote Sensing—Modelling and Service Tool—ESIS/Imalys
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Peter Selsam, Jan Bumberger, Thilo Wellmann, Marion Pause, Ronny Gey, Erik Borg, and Angela Lausch
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ecosystem integrity ,traits ,spectral traits ,remote sensing ,earth observation ,tool ,Science - Abstract
One of the greatest challenges of our time is monitoring the rapid environmental changes taking place worldwide at both local and global scales. This requires easy-to-use and ready-to-implement tools and services to monitor and quantify aspects of bio- and geodiversity change and the impact of land use intensification using freely available and global remotely sensed data, and to derive remotely sensed indicators. Currently, there are no services for quantifying both raster- and vector-based indicators in a “compact tool”. Therefore, the main innovation of ESIS/Imalys is having a remote sensing (RS) tool that allows for RS data processing, data management, and continuous and discrete quantification and derivation of RS indicators in one tool. With the ESIS/Imalys project (Ecosystem Integrity Remote Sensing—Modelling and Service Tool), we try to present environmental indicators on a clearly defined and reproducible basis. The Imalys software library generates the RS indicators and remote sensing products defined for ESIS. This paper provides an overview of the functionality of the Imalys software library. An overview of the technical background of the implementation of the Imalys library, data formats and the user interfaces is given. Examples of RS-based indicators derived using the Imalys tool at pixel level and at zone level (vector level) are presented. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of the Imalys tool are discussed in detail in order to better assess the value of Imalys for users and developers. The applicability of the indicators will be demonstrated through three ecological applications, namely: (1) monitoring landscape diversity, (2) monitoring landscape structure and landscape fragmentation, and (3) monitoring land use intensity and its impact on ecosystem functions. Despite the integration of large amounts of data, Imalys can run on any PC, as the processing and derivation of indicators has been greatly optimised. The Imalys source code is freely available and is hosted and maintained under an open source license. Complete documentation of all methods, functions and derived indicators can be found in the freely available Imalys manual. The user-friendliness of Imalys, despite the integration of a large amount of RS data, makes it another important tool for ecological research, modelling and application for the monitoring and derivation of ecosystem indicators from local to global scale.
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- 2024
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7. Advanced Detection of Invasive Neophytes in Agricultural Landscapes: A Multisensory and Multiscale Remote Sensing Approach
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Florian Thürkow, Christopher Günter Lorenz, Marion Pause, and Jens Birger
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invasive plant species ,remote sensing ,automatic segment-based classification ,unmanned aerial vehicles ,neophytes ,Heracleum mantegazzianum ,Science - Abstract
The sustainable provision of ecological products and services, both natural and man-made, faces a substantial threat emanating from invasive plant species (IPS), which inflict considerable economic and ecological harm on a global scale. They are widely recognized as one of the primary drivers of global biodiversity decline and have become the focal point of an increasing number of studies. The integration of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) plays a pivotal role in their detection and classification across a diverse range of research endeavors, emphasizing the critical significance of accounting for the phenological stages of the targeted species when endeavoring to accurately delineate their distribution and occurrences. This study is centered on this fundamental premise, as it endeavors to amass terrestrial data encompassing the phenological stages and spectral attributes of the specified IPS, with the overarching objective of ascertaining the most opportune time frames for their detection. Moreover, it involves the development and validation of a detection and classification algorithm, harnessing a diverse array of RS datasets, including satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery spanning the spectrum from RGB to multispectral and near-infrared (NIR). Taken together, our investigation underscores the advantages of employing an array of RS datasets in conjunction with the phenological stages, offering an economically efficient and adaptable solution for the detection and monitoring of invasive plant species. Such insights hold the potential to inform both present and future policymaking pertaining to the management of invasive species in agricultural and natural ecosystems.
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- 2024
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8. Automated Workflow for High-Resolution 4D Vegetation Monitoring Using Stereo Vision
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Martin Kobe, Melanie Elias, Ines Merbach, Martin Schädler, Jan Bumberger, Marion Pause, and Hannes Mollenhauer
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stereo vision ,image classification ,4D vegetation monitoring ,non-invasive setup ,precision agriculture ,Science - Abstract
Precision agriculture relies on understanding crop growth dynamics and plant responses to short-term changes in abiotic factors. In this technical note, we present and discuss a technical approach for cost-effective, non-invasive, time-lapse crop monitoring that automates the process of deriving further plant parameters, such as biomass, from 3D object information obtained via stereo images in the red, green, and blue (RGB) color space. The novelty of our approach lies in the automated workflow, which includes a reliable automated data pipeline for 3D point cloud reconstruction from dynamic scenes of RGB images with high spatio-temporal resolution. The setup is based on a permanent rigid and calibrated stereo camera installation and was tested over an entire growing season of winter barley at the Global Change Experimental Facility (GCEF) in Bad Lauchstädt, Germany. For this study, radiometrically aligned image pairs were captured several times per day from 3 November 2021 to 28 June 2022. We performed image preselection using a random forest (RF) classifier with a prediction accuracy of 94.2% to eliminate unsuitable, e.g., shadowed, images in advance and obtained 3D object information for 86 records of the time series using the 4D processing option of the Agisoft Metashape software package, achieving mean standard deviations (STDs) of 17.3–30.4 mm. Finally, we determined vegetation heights by calculating cloud-to-cloud (C2C) distances between a reference point cloud, computed at the beginning of the time-lapse observation, and the respective point clouds measured in succession with an absolute error of 24.9–35.6 mm in depth direction. The calculated growth rates derived from RGB stereo images match the corresponding reference measurements, demonstrating the adequacy of our method in monitoring geometric plant traits, such as vegetation heights and growth spurts during the stand development using automated workflows.
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- 2024
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9. Connecting the Dots: Livestock Animals as Missing Links in the Chain of Microplastic Contamination and Human Health
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Francesca Corte Pause, Susy Urli, Martina Crociati, Giuseppe Stradaioli, and Anja Baufeld
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plastic particles ,livestock animals ,method standardization ,One Health ,ruminants ,food chain ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Plastic pollution is a global diffuse threat, especially considering its fragmentation into microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs). Since the contamination of the aquatic environment is already well studied, most studies have now focused on the soil. Moreover, the number of studies on the exposure routes and toxic effects of MNPs in humans is continuously increasing. Although MNPs can cause inflammation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and immune toxicity in livestock animals, which can accumulate ingested/inhaled plastic particles and transfer them to humans through the food chain, research on this topic is still lacking. In considering farm animals as the missing link between soil/plant contamination and human health effects, this paper aims to describe their importance as carriers and vectors of MNP contamination. As research on this topic is in its early stages, there is no standard method to quantify the amount and the characteristics of MNPs in different matrices. Therefore, the creation of a common database where researchers can report data on MNP characteristics and quantification methods could be helpful for both method standardization and the future training of an AI tool for predicting the most abundant/dangerous polymer(s), thus supporting policy decisions to reduce plastic pollution and perfectly fitting with One Health principles.
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- 2024
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10. 17q Gain in Neuroblastoma: A Review of Clinical and Biological Implications
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Vid Mlakar, Isabelle Dupanloup, Fanny Gonzales, Danai Papangelopoulou, Marc Ansari, and Fabienne Gumy-Pause
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neuroblastoma ,17q ,gain ,IGF2BP1 ,NME1 ,BIRC5 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequent extracranial solid childhood tumor. Despite advances in the understanding and treatment of this disease, the prognosis in cases of high-risk NB is still poor. 17q gain has been shown to be the most frequent genomic alteration in NB. However, the significance of this remains unclear because of its high frequency and association with other genetic modifications, particularly segmental chromosomal aberrations, 1p and 11q deletions, and MYCN amplification, all of which are also associated with a poor clinical prognosis. This work reviewed the evidence on the clinical and biological significance of 17q gain. It strongly supports the significance of 17q gain in the development of NB and its importance as a clinically relevant marker. However, it is crucial to distinguish between whole and partial chromosome 17q gains. The most important breakpoints appear to be at 17q12 and 17q21. The former distinguishes between whole and partial chromosome 17q gain; the latter is a site of IGF2BP1 and NME1 genes that appear to be the main oncogenes responsible for the functional effects of 17q gain.
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- 2024
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11. Reservoir-based deterministic loading of single-atom tweezer arrays
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Lars Pause, Tilman Preuschoff, Dominik Schäffner, Malte Schlosser, and Gerhard Birkl
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Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
State-of-the-art individual-atom tweezer platforms have relied on loading schemes based on spatially superimposing the tweezer array with a cloud of cold atoms created beforehand. Together with immanent atom loss, this dramatically limits the data rate, as the application sequence must be alternated with the time-consuming phases of magneto-optical trapping and laser cooling. We introduce a modular scheme built on an additional cold-atom reservoir and an array of buffer traps effectively decoupling cold-atom accumulation and single-atom supply from the quantum-register operation. For this purpose, we connect a microlens-based tweezer array to a cloud of laser-cooled atoms held in an auxiliary large-focus dipole trap by utilizing atom transport and buffer traps for dedicated single-atom supply. We demonstrate deterministic loading of a hexagonal target structure with atoms solely originating from the reservoir trap. The results facilitate increased data rates and unlock a path to continuous operation of individual-atom tweezer arrays in quantum science, making use of discrete functional modules, operated in parallel and spatially separated.
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- 2023
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12. Extrato hidroalcoólico de rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) na alimentação do peixe Mato Grosso (Hyphessobrycon eques)
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Barbara Libanio da Cruz, Marcos Paiva Scardua, Rebeca Maria Sousa, Mayara Schueroff Siqueira, Heriberto Gimênes Junior, Henrique Momo Ziemniczak, Alzira Gabriela da Silva Pause, Paulo Henrique Braz, and Claucia Aparecida Honorato
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aditivo ,atividade antioxidante ,hepatoprotetora ,peixes ornamentais ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a inclusão do extrato hidroalcoólico de rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa) em dietas do peixe Mato Grosso (Hyphessobrycon eques). Foram utilizados 120 peixes (0,51± 0,06 g), que foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 12 aquários de polietileno de 20L, em sistema de recirculação de água, com a densidade de estocagem de 10 peixes por aquário. Os peixes foram alimentados por 21 dias com uma dieta (40,88% PB e 4374,8 Kcal kg-1), acrescida de extrato hidroalcoólico de rosela - EHR (controle; 0,12; 0,25 e 0,50 mg de EHR/kg de ração). A inclusão de concentração de 0,25 e 0,50 EHR/kg, promoveu uma melhora nos índices zootécnicos, comprimento padrão e eficiência alimentar. Os peixes apresentaram alteração de croma a*(tonalidades de verde e vermelho), entretanto, não houve aumento de intensidade em relação à luminosidade croma b* (tonalidades de azul e amarelo). A utilização de 0,25 e 0,50 EHR/kg refletiu em diminuição da atividade das enzimas AST e ALT. Observou-se o aumento da atividade catalase em concentrações com maiores índices de extratos hidroalcoólicos de rosela na dieta. O extrato hidroalcoólico de rosela é eficiente na alimentação de peixe Mato Grosso na concentração de 0,50 mg EHR/kg.
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- 2023
13. HSP90 inhibitors induce GPNMB cell-surface expression by modulating lysosomal positioning and sensitize breast cancer cells to glembatumumab vedotin
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Biondini, Marco, Kiepas, Alex, El-Houjeiri, Leeanna, Annis, Matthew G., Hsu, Brian E., Fortier, Anne-Marie, Morin, Geneviève, Martina, José A., Sirois, Isabelle, Aguilar-Mahecha, Adriana, Gruosso, Tina, McGuirk, Shawn, Rose, April A. N., Tokat, Unal M., Johnson, Radia M., Sahin, Ozgur, Bareke, Eric, St-Pierre, Julie, Park, Morag, Basik, Mark, Majewski, Jacek, Puertollano, Rosa, Pause, Arnim, Huang, Sidong, Keler, Tibor, and Siegel, Peter M.
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- 2022
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14. Association study of candidate DNA-repair gene variants and acute graft versus host disease in pediatric patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation
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Uppugunduri, C. R. S., Huezo-Diaz Curtis, P., Nava, T., Rezgui, M. A., Mlakar, V., Mlakar, S. Jurkovic, Waespe, N., Théoret, Y., Gumy-Pause, F., Bernard, F., Chalandon, Y., Boelens, J. J., Bredius, R. G. M., Dalle, J. H., Nath, C., Corbacioglu, S., Peters, C., Bader, P., Shaw, P., Bittencourt, H., Krajinovic, M., and Ansari, M.
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- 2022
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15. Monitoring Water Diversity and Water Quality with Remote Sensing and Traits.
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Lausch, Angela, Bannehr, Lutz, Berger, Stella A., Borg, Erik, Bumberger, Jan, Hacker, Jorg M., Heege, Thomas, Hupfer, Michael, Jung, András, Kuhwald, Katja, Oppelt, Natascha, Pause, Marion, Schrodt, Franziska, Selsam, Peter, von Trentini, Fabian, Vohland, Michael, and Glässer, Cornelia
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WATER quality ,REMOTE sensing ,WATER quality monitoring ,BODIES of water - Abstract
Changes and disturbances to water diversity and quality are complex and multi-scale in space and time. Although in situ methods provide detailed point information on the condition of water bodies, they are of limited use for making area-based monitoring over time, as aquatic ecosystems are extremely dynamic. Remote sensing (RS) provides methods and data for the cost-effective, comprehensive, continuous and standardised monitoring of characteristics and changes in characteristics of water diversity and water quality from local and regional scales to the scale of entire continents. In order to apply and better understand RS techniques and their derived spectral indicators in monitoring water diversity and quality, this study defines five characteristics of water diversity and quality that can be monitored using RS. These are the diversity of water traits, the diversity of water genesis, the structural diversity of water, the taxonomic diversity of water and the functional diversity of water. It is essential to record the diversity of water traits to derive the other four characteristics of water diversity from RS. Furthermore, traits are the only and most important interface between in situ and RS monitoring approaches. The monitoring of these five characteristics of water diversity and water quality using RS technologies is presented in detail and discussed using numerous examples. Finally, current and future developments are presented to advance monitoring using RS and the trait approach in modelling, prediction and assessment as a basis for successful monitoring and management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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16. Loss of hepatic Flcn protects against fibrosis and inflammation by activating autophagy pathways
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Mathieu Paquette, Ming Yan, Josué M. J. Ramírez-Reyes, Leeanna El-Houjeiri, Marco Biondini, Catherine R. Dufour, Hyeonju Jeong, Alain Pacis, Vincent Giguère, Jennifer L. Estall, Peter M. Siegel, Étienne Audet-Walsh, and Arnim Pause
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent liver disease worldwide and can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by triglyceride accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis. No pharmacological agents are currently approved to treat these conditions, but it is clear now that modulation of lipid synthesis and autophagy are key biological mechanisms that could help reduce or prevent these liver diseases. The folliculin (FLCN) protein has been recently identified as a central regulatory node governing whole body energy homeostasis, and we hypothesized that FLCN regulates highly metabolic tissues like the liver. We thus generated a liver specific Flcn knockout mouse model to study its role in liver disease progression. Using the methionine- and choline-deficient diet to mimic liver fibrosis, we demonstrate that loss of Flcn reduced triglyceride accumulation, fibrosis, and inflammation in mice. In this aggressive liver disease setting, loss of Flcn led to activation of transcription factors TFEB and TFE3 to promote autophagy, promoting the degradation of intracellular lipid stores, ultimately resulting in reduced hepatocellular damage and inflammation. Hence, the activity of FLCN could be a promising target for small molecule drugs to treat liver fibrosis by specifically activating autophagy. Collectively, these results show an unexpected role for Flcn in fatty liver disease progression and highlight new potential treatment strategies.
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- 2021
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17. Mowing event detection in permanent grasslands: Systematic evaluation of input features from Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2, and Landsat 8 time series
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Lobert, Felix, Holtgrave, Ann-Kathrin, Schwieder, Marcel, Pause, Marion, Vogt, Juliane, Gocht, Alexander, and Erasmi, Stefan
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- 2021
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18. Endofin is required for HD-PTP and ESCRT-0 interdependent endosomal sorting of ubiquitinated transmembrane cargoes
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Kazan, Jalal M., Desrochers, Guillaume, Martin, Claire E., Jeong, Hyeonju, Kharitidi, Dmitri, Apaja, Pirjo M., Roldan, Ariel, St. Denis, Nicole, Gingras, Anne-Claude, Lukacs, Gergely L., and Pause, Arnim
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- 2021
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19. Analytical approaches for the characterization of early synthetic organic pigments for artists’ paints
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Sundberg, B.N., Pause, R., van der Werf, I.D., Astefanei, A., van den Berg, K.J., and van Bommel, M.R.
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- 2021
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20. Can optoelectronic plethysmography be used to evaluate the thoracoabdominal kinematics of people with morbidly obesity? A systematic review
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Lorenzetti Branco, Joaquim Henrique, Lorenzetti Branco, Ruy Luiz, Ponte Souza Filho, Vicente Paulo, da Silveira, Bruna, Monteiro Pause, Kethlyn Tamara, dos Santos Artismo, Regiana, and Matte, Darlan Laurício
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- 2021
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21. Identification of Pre-1950 Synthetic Organic Pigments in Artists’ Paints. A Non-Invasive Approach Using Handheld Raman Spectroscopy
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Rika Pause, Inez Dorothé van der Werf, and Klaas Jan van den Berg
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synthetic organic pigments ,royal talens ,handheld raman spectroscopy ,microraman spectroscopy ,modern artist oil paint ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
There is little information on the actual use of early synthetic organic pigments (SOPs) in art objects, especially those from before 1950. Their presence can, however, pose a challenge to conservation because their chemical composition, as well as their lightfastness and sensitivity to solvents, are often unknown. Here, a study on the non-invasive identification of SOPs in historic pre-1950 varnished paint-outs from artists’ materials manufacturer Royal Talens is presented. The paints were analysed using a handheld Raman device. Spectra were evaluated by recording the spectra of the same samples with a benchtop instrument. This study demonstrated that the identification of SOPs in varnished oil paints with a non-invasive approach is possible and rather straightforward. The handheld Raman device allowed us to identify fourteen SOPs from eight pigment classes. Besides the occurrence of expected and the known SOPs of this time period, there were also some surprising results, like the detection of the triarylcarbonium pigments PG2 and PB8, and the monoazo Mordant Yellow 1.
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- 2021
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22. Chemosensory communication of aggression : women's fine-tuned neural processing of male aggression signals
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Pause, Bettina M., Storch, Dunja, and Lübke, Katrin T.
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- 2020
23. Testicular tissue cryopreservation for fertility preservation in prepubertal and adolescent boys: A 6 year experience from a Swiss multi-center network
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Dehlia Moussaoui, Anna Surbone, Cécile Adam, Tamara Diesch-Furlanetto, Céline Girardin, Julie Bénard, Isabelle Vidal, Fanette Bernard, Kanete Busiah, Thérèse Bouthors, Marie-Pierre Primi, Marc Ansari, Nicolas Vulliemoz, and Fabienne Gumy-Pause
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testicular tissue cryopreservation ,fertility preservation ,prepubertal boys ,oncology ,gonadotoxicity ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Testicular tissue cryopreservation is the only option of fertility preservation in prepubertal boys. While it is considered experimental, since procedures to obtain mature spermatozoa from prepubertal testicular tissue are still under development, testicular tissue cryopreservation programs have emerged worldwide. Our aim was to study the feasibility and safety of a program of testicular tissue cryopreservation in prepubertal and adolescent boys facing gonadotoxic treatment in three University hospitals in Switzerland. Testicular tissue cryopreservation was accepted by 90% of families, with a total of 35 patients included. The average patient age was 8.5 years (range 7 months to 18.5 years). Malignancies were the most common diagnosis (31 patients, 88.6%) with 16 (45.7%) solid tumors and 15 (42.9%) hematological malignancies. Four (11.4%) patients had a benign condition. The main indication for testicular tissue cryopreservation was conditioning for hematologic stem cell transplantation (25 patients, 71.4%). Testicular tissue was cryopreserved according to the freezing protocol of Louvain Catholic University (Belgium), which includes either only immature testicular tissue freezing, or mature and immature testicular tissue freezing depending on the age of the patient and the presence or absence of haploid cells. The median number of spermatogonia per tubule cross-section was 2 (range 0–6) and spermatozoa were found in only one patient. Tumoral cells were found in one testicular biopsy of a leukemic patient. There were two minor adverse events and none of them required medical treatment or surgical revision. Five patients died during follow-up. Our data demonstrate the feasibility and safety of a program of testicular tissue cryopreservation coordinated by a multidisciplinary team of fertility preservation. Despite the experimental aspect of the procedure, the acceptation rate was high, which highlights the willingness of families and patients to participate in testicular tissue cryopreservation.
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- 2022
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24. It’s trust or risk? Chemosensory anxiety signals affect bargaining in women
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Meister, Lukas and Pause, Bettina M.
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- 2021
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25. A review of the biological and clinical implications of RAS-MAPK pathway alterations in neuroblastoma
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Vid Mlakar, Edouard Morel, Simona Jurkovic Mlakar, Marc Ansari, and Fabienne Gumy-Pause
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Neuroblastoma ,RAS-MAPK ,ALK ,RAS ,MEK1/2 ,ERK1/2 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor in children, representing approximately 8% of all malignant childhood tumors and 15% of pediatric cancer-related deaths. Recent sequencing and transcriptomics studies have demonstrated the RAS-MAPK pathway’s contribution to the development and progression of neuroblastoma. This review compiles up-to-date evidence of this pathway’s involvement in neuroblastoma. We discuss the RAS-MAPK pathway’s general functioning, the clinical implications of its deregulation in neuroblastoma, and current promising therapeutics targeting proteins involved in signaling.
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- 2021
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26. Resisting the problematisation of fatness in COVID-19: In pursuit of health justice
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Pausé, Cat, Parker, George, and Gray, Lesley
- Published
- 2021
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27. Long-term follow-up for childhood cancer survivors: the Geneva experience
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Shai Babecoff, Florence Mermillod, Denis Marino, Angèle Gayet-Ageron, Marc Ansari, Eugenio Fernandez, and Fabienne Gumy-Pause
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Medicine - Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY: Although the 5-year survival for pediatric cancer in Switzerland today is over 85%, two thirds of the survivors will develop chronic health conditions due to the disease or to the toxicity of treatments. In this context, a long-term personalized follow-up program (LTFU program), was set up at the University Hospitals of Geneva (HUG) since 2015. We aimed to describe this program, more particularly the specialized follow-ups set up, the cumulative burden of the chronic health conditions, and finally assess the satisfaction of patients and/or their parents with it. METHODS: A monocentric retrospective study was performed where data on follow-ups and chronic health conditions were collected from medical charts of people who had childhood cancer and who participated in the LTFU program. Chronic health conditions were classified and graded in severity with the Common Terminology Criteria of Adverse Events (CTCAE) classification, version 5.0. This study was completed by a satisfaction survey among patients and/or their parents. RESULTS: Out of 83 eligible patients, 51 (61.4%) accepted to participate, with an average age of 17.4 years (range, 10 to 35) at the time of study. Mean delay since end of treatment was 9.8 years (range: 4.5–31). The prevalence of any chronic health condition is 82.3%, 43.1% for having 1 or 2 chronic health conditions and 39.2% for having more than 3 chronic health conditions. The total number of Grade CTCAE 1–4 chronic health conditions was 118 for the 51 participants, with a mean of 2.3 (range, 0 to 7) disorders per patient. The most frequently affected systems were neurological (14.4%), musculoskeletal (13.6%), endocrine (9.3%) and renal (9.3%) systems. Sarcoma, central nervous system tumors and neuroblastoma were the diagnoses associated with the highest average number of chronic health conditions. Among the 118 questionnaires sent to patients and/or parents, we received 82 (69.5%) responses. The level of satisfaction was good to excellent for more than 90% of the participants, for all the items evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: Childhood cancer survivors present a significant number of chronic health conditions, confirming the need for appropriate long-term, multidisciplinary and patient-specific medical follow-up based on the primary diagnosis and therapies received. Moreover, the LTFU program at the HUG was highly appreciated by patients and/or their parents and this motivates its permanent conduct.
- Published
- 2022
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28. Impact of Microplastics and Nanoplastics on Livestock Health: An Emerging Risk for Reproductive Efficiency
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Susy Urli, Francesca Corte Pause, Martina Crociati, Anja Baufeld, Maurizio Monaci, and Giuseppe Stradaioli
- Subjects
microplastics ,nanoplastics ,reproductive system ,health ,bovine ,cow ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Pollution due to microplastics and nanoplastics is one of the major environmental issues of the last decade and represents a growing threat to human and animal health. In aquatic species, there is a large amount of information regarding the perturbation of marine organisms; instead, there are only a few studies focusing on the pathophysiological consequences of an acute and chronic exposure to micro- and nanoplastics in mammalian systems, especially on the reproductive system. There are several studies that have described the damage caused by plastic particles, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammatory response, dysregulation of the endocrine system and accumulation in various organs. In addition to this, microplastics have recently been found to influence the evolution of microbial communities and increase the gene exchange, including antibiotic and metal resistance genes. Special attention must be paid to farm animals, because they produce food such as milk, eggs and meat, with the consequent risk of biological amplification along the food chain. The results of several studies indicate that there is an accumulation of microplastics and nanoplastics in human and animal tissues, with several negative effects, but all the effects in the body have not been ascertained, especially considering the long-term consequences. This review provides an overview of the possible adverse effects of the exposure of livestock to micro- and nanoplastics and assesses the potential risks for the disruption of reproductive physiological functions.
- Published
- 2023
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29. Nanomechanical characterisation of a water-repelling terpolymer coating of cellulosic fibres
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Auernhammer, Julia, Bell, Alena K., Schulze, Marcus, Du, Yue, Stühn, Lukas, Wendenburg, Sonja, Pause, Isabelle, Biesalski, Markus, Ensinger, Wolfgang, and Stark, Robert W.
- Published
- 2021
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30. Monitoring vegetation- and geodiversity with remote sensing and traits.
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Lausch, Angela, Selsam, Peter, Pause, Marion, and Bumberger, Jan
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GEODIVERSITY ,CLIMATE change ,REMOTE sensing ,SURFACE of the earth ,ECOLOGICAL integrity - Abstract
Geodiversity has shaped and structured the Earth's surface at all spatio-temporal scales, not only through long-term processes but also through medium- and short-term processes. Geodiversity is, therefore, a key control and regulating variable in the overall development of landscapes and biodiversity. However, climate change and land use intensity are leading to major changes and disturbances in bio- and geodiversity. For sustainable ecosystem management, temporal, economically viable and standardized monitoring is needed to monitor and model the effects and changes in vegetation- and geodiversity. RS approaches have been used for this purpose for decades. However, to understand in detail how RS approaches capture vegetation- and geodiversity, the aim of this paper is to describe how five features of vegetation- and geodiversity are captured using RS technologies, namely: (i) trait diversity, (ii) phylogenetic/genese diversity, (iii) structural diversity, (iv) taxonomic diversity and (v) functional diversity. Trait diversity is essential for establishing the other four. Traits provide a crucial interface between in situ, close-range, aerial and space-based RS monitoring approaches. The trait approach allows complex data of different types and formats to be linked using the latest semantic data integration techniques, which will enable ecosystem integrity monitoring and modelling in the future. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Geodiversity for science and society'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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31. Ecosystem Integrity Remote Sensing—Modelling and Service Tool—ESIS/Imalys.
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Selsam, Peter, Bumberger, Jan, Wellmann, Thilo, Pause, Marion, Gey, Ronny, Borg, Erik, and Lausch, Angela
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ECOLOGICAL integrity ,REMOTE sensing ,LANDSCAPE assessment ,FRAGMENTED landscapes ,ZONE melting ,ENVIRONMENTAL indicators ,ECOSYSTEM services ,ECOSYSTEMS - Abstract
One of the greatest challenges of our time is monitoring the rapid environmental changes taking place worldwide at both local and global scales. This requires easy-to-use and ready-to-implement tools and services to monitor and quantify aspects of bio- and geodiversity change and the impact of land use intensification using freely available and global remotely sensed data, and to derive remotely sensed indicators. Currently, there are no services for quantifying both raster- and vector-based indicators in a "compact tool". Therefore, the main innovation of ESIS/Imalys is having a remote sensing (RS) tool that allows for RS data processing, data management, and continuous and discrete quantification and derivation of RS indicators in one tool. With the ESIS/Imalys project (Ecosystem Integrity Remote Sensing—Modelling and Service Tool), we try to present environmental indicators on a clearly defined and reproducible basis. The Imalys software library generates the RS indicators and remote sensing products defined for ESIS. This paper provides an overview of the functionality of the Imalys software library. An overview of the technical background of the implementation of the Imalys library, data formats and the user interfaces is given. Examples of RS-based indicators derived using the Imalys tool at pixel level and at zone level (vector level) are presented. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of the Imalys tool are discussed in detail in order to better assess the value of Imalys for users and developers. The applicability of the indicators will be demonstrated through three ecological applications, namely: (1) monitoring landscape diversity, (2) monitoring landscape structure and landscape fragmentation, and (3) monitoring land use intensity and its impact on ecosystem functions. Despite the integration of large amounts of data, Imalys can run on any PC, as the processing and derivation of indicators has been greatly optimised. The Imalys source code is freely available and is hosted and maintained under an open source license. Complete documentation of all methods, functions and derived indicators can be found in the freely available Imalys manual. The user-friendliness of Imalys, despite the integration of a large amount of RS data, makes it another important tool for ecological research, modelling and application for the monitoring and derivation of ecosystem indicators from local to global scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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32. Childhood-Onset Movement Disorders Can Mask a Primary Immunodeficiency: 6 Cases of Classical Ataxia-Telangiectasia and Variant Forms
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Geraldine Blanchard-Rohner, Anna Peirolo, Ludivine Coulon, Christian Korff, Judit Horvath, Pierre R. Burkhard, Fabienne Gumy-Pause, Emmanuelle Ranza, Peter Jandus, Harpreet Dibra, Alexander Malcolm R. Taylor, and Joel Fluss
- Subjects
ATM kinase activity ,immunodeficiency ,ataxia telangiectasia ,movement disorder ,cerebellar ataxia ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a neurodegenerative and primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID) characterized by cerebellar ataxia, oculocutaneous telangiectasia, immunodeficiency, progressive respiratory failure, and an increased risk of malignancies. It demands specialized care tailored to the individual patient’s needs. Besides the classical ataxia-telangiectasia (classical A-T) phenotype, a variant phenotype (variant A-T) exists with partly overlapping but some distinctive disease characteristics. Here we present a case series of 6 patients with classical A-T and variant A-T, which illustrates the phenotypic variability of A-T that can present in childhood with prominent extrapyramidal features, with or without cerebellar ataxia. We report the clinical data, together with a detailed genotype description, immunological analyses, and related expression of the ATM protein. We show that the presence of some residual ATM kinase activity leads to the clinical phenotype variant A-T that differs from the classical A-T. Our data illustrate that the diagnosis of the variant form of A-T can be delayed and difficult, while early recognition of the variant form as well as the classical A-T is a prerequisite for providing a correct prognosis and appropriate rehabilitation and support, including the avoidance of diagnostic X-ray procedures, given the increased risk of malignancies and the higher risk for side effects of subsequent cancer treatment.
- Published
- 2022
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33. Cohort-based association study of germline genetic variants with acute and chronic health complications of childhood cancer and its treatment: Genetic Risks for Childhood Cancer Complications Switzerland (GECCOS) study protocol
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Claudia E Kuehni, André O von Bueren, Adrian Spoerri, Maria Otth, Nicolas Waespe, Sven Strebel, Tiago Nava, Chakradhara Rao S Uppugunduri, Denis Marino, Veneranda Mattiello, Fabienne Gumy-Pause, Frederic Baleydier, Luzius Mader, and Marc Ansari
- Subjects
Medicine - Published
- 2022
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34. Parent-Reports of Sex-Typed Play Preference in Preschool Children: Relationships to 2D:4D Digit Ratio and Older Siblings’ Sex
- Author
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Körner, Lisa M., Schaper, Marie Luisa, Pause, Bettina M., and Heil, Martin
- Published
- 2020
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35. Response of freshwater bacterial isolates exposed to used motor oil
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Krasnodemski, Katherine M., Cochran, Emily, Ellett, Ava, Mayfield-Jackson, Derica, and Tucker, Kimberly Pause
- Published
- 2019
36. A review of the biological and clinical implications of RAS-MAPK pathway alterations in neuroblastoma
- Author
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Mlakar, Vid, Morel, Edouard, Mlakar, Simona Jurkovic, Ansari, Marc, and Gumy-Pause, Fabienne
- Published
- 2021
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37. Endofin is required for HD-PTP and ESCRT-0 interdependent endosomal sorting of ubiquitinated transmembrane cargoes
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Jalal M. Kazan, Guillaume Desrochers, Claire E. Martin, Hyeonju Jeong, Dmitri Kharitidi, Pirjo M. Apaja, Ariel Roldan, Nicole St. Denis, Anne-Claude Gingras, Gergely L. Lukacs, and Arnim Pause
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Biological sciences ,Molecular biology ,Cell biology ,Science - Abstract
Summary: Internalized and ubiquitinated signaling receptors are silenced by their intraluminal budding into multivesicular bodies aided by the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) machinery. HD-PTP, an ESCRT protein, forms complexes with ESCRT-0, -I and -III proteins, and binds to Endofin, a FYVE-domain protein confined to endosomes with poorly understood roles. Using proximity biotinylation, we showed that Endofin forms a complex with ESCRT constituents and Endofin depletion increased integrin α5-and EGF-receptor plasma membrane density and stability by hampering their lysosomal delivery. This coincided with sustained receptor signaling and increased cell migration. Complementation of Endofin- or HD-PTP-depleted cells with wild-type Endofin or HD-PTP, but not with mutants harboring impaired Endofin/HD-PTP association or cytosolic Endofin, restored EGFR lysosomal delivery. Endofin also promoted Hrs indirect interaction with HD-PTP. Jointly, our results indicate that Endofin is required for HD-PTP and ESCRT-0 interdependent sorting of ubiquitinated transmembrane cargoes to ensure efficient receptor desensitization and lysosomal delivery.
- Published
- 2021
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38. Mu-Suppression as an Indicator of Empathic Processes in Lesbian, Gay, and Heterosexual Adults
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Lübke, Katrin T., Sachse, Charlotte, Hoenen, Matthias, and Pause, Bettina M.
- Published
- 2020
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39. IDH1 immunohistochemistry reactivity and mosaic IDH1 or IDH2 somatic mutations in pediatric sporadic enchondroma and enchondromatosis
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Saiji, Essia, Pause, Fabienne Gumy, Lascombes, Pierre, Cerato Biderbost, Christelle, Marq, Nathalie Lin, Berczy, Margaret, Merlini, Laura, and Rougemont, Anne-Laure
- Published
- 2019
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40. Prenatal testosterone exposure is associated with delay of gratification and attention problems/overactive behavior in 3-year-old boys
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Körner, Lisa M., Pause, Bettina M., Meinlschmidt, Gunther, Tegethoff, Marion, Fröhlich, Susanne, Kozlowski, Peter, Rivet, Noëllie, Jamey, Carole, Reix, Nathalie, Kintz, Pascal, Raul, Jean-Sébastien, and Heil, Martin
- Published
- 2019
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41. Environmental Factors Affecting the Reproductive Efficiency of Italian Simmental Young Bulls
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Francesca Corte Pause, Martina Crociati, Susy Urli, Maurizio Monaci, Lorenzo Degano, and Giuseppe Stradaioli
- Subjects
bovine ,bull ,semen ,scrotal circumference ,temperature humidity index ,breeding soundness evaluation ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
The objectives of the study aimed to evaluate the effect of weather conditions and scrotal circumference (SC) on standard semen characteristics of Italian Simmental young bulls (n = 577), all raised in the same performance station and sampled by the artificial vagina (AV) method. Considering the increasing SC, the results showed a significant increase in quantitative semen parameters (p < 0.05 and p < 0.0001, for sperm concentration and total number of spermatozoa, respectively); for every extra centimeter of SC, 17.5 × 106 spermatozoa/mL and 0.102 × 109 of total spermatozoa were produced. The age of the animal at semen collection (395 and 465 days) had similar positive effects. The effect of the average temperature humidity index (THI limits ≤ 40 and ≥70) in the previous 60, 30, and 10 days before the semen collection was also considered. Sixty days before the semen collection, the increasing THI increased both primary (p < 0.0001) and secondary (p < 0.0001) abnormalities while the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa decreased (p < 0.0001). Thirty and ten days before collection, the same effect on morphological traits was maintained, but total and progressive motility was also influenced (p < 0.01) with an unexpected increasing pattern. Thus, environmental conditions can influence semen quality during the entire spermatogenesis and results can guide future research on this breed.
- Published
- 2022
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42. Folliculin: A Regulator of Transcription Through AMPK and mTOR Signaling Pathways
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Josué M. J. Ramirez Reyes, Rafael Cuesta, and Arnim Pause
- Subjects
folliculin ,mTORC1 ,AMPK ,TFE3 ,TFEB ,PGC1α ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Folliculin (FLCN) is a tumor suppressor gene responsible for the inherited Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome, which affects kidneys, skin and lungs. FLCN is a highly conserved protein that forms a complex with folliculin interacting proteins 1 and 2 (FNIP1/2). Although its sequence does not show homology to known functional domains, structural studies have determined a role of FLCN as a GTPase activating protein (GAP) for small GTPases such as Rag GTPases. FLCN GAP activity on the Rags is required for the recruitment of mTORC1 and the transcriptional factors TFEB and TFE3 on the lysosome, where mTORC1 phosphorylates and inactivates these factors. TFEB/TFE3 are master regulators of lysosomal biogenesis and function, and autophagy. By this mechanism, FLCN/FNIP complex participates in the control of metabolic processes. AMPK, a key regulator of catabolism, interacts with FLCN/FNIP complex. FLCN loss results in constitutive activation of AMPK, which suggests an additional mechanism by which FLCN/FNIP may control metabolism. AMPK regulates the expression and activity of the transcriptional cofactors PGC1α/β, implicated in the control of mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the interplay between mTORC1, FLCN/FNIP, and AMPK and their implications in the control of cellular homeostasis through the transcriptional activity of TFEB/TFE3 and PGC1α/β. Other pathways and cellular processes regulated by FLCN will be briefly discussed.
- Published
- 2021
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43. Nanopore charge inversion and current-voltage curves in mixtures of asymmetric electrolytes
- Author
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Ramirez, Patricio, Manzanares, José A., Cervera, Javier, Gomez, Vicente, Ali, Mubarak, Pause, Isabelle, Ensinger, Wolfgang, and Mafe, Salvador
- Published
- 2018
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44. Cyclin A2 Expression as Predictive Biomarker in Muscle-Invasive Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.
- Author
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Walach, Margarete Teresa, Nitschke, Katja, Groß-Weege, Matthias, Großhans, Johannes, Wildner, Lukas, Pause, Luca, Jarczyk, Jonas, Wessels, Frederik, Neuberger, Manuel, Kowalewski, Karl-Friedrich, Kriegmair, Maximilian Christian, Popovic, Zoran V., Gaiser, Timo, Worst, Thomas Stefan, and Nuhn, Philipp
- Subjects
GENE expression ,REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ,TRANSITIONAL cell carcinoma ,UROTHELIUM ,BIOMARKERS ,CYCLINS - Abstract
Introduction: The aim was to evaluate the prognostic value of altered Cyclin A2 (CCNA2) gene expression in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and to assess its predictive potential as a prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival. Methods: 62 patients who underwent surgical treatment for UTUC were included. Gene expression of CCNA2, MKI67, and p53 was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. For Cox regression analyses, uni- and multivariable hazard ratios were calculated. Spearman correlation was used to analyze correlation of CCNA2 expression with MKI67 and p53. Results: The median age of the cohort was 73 years, and it consisted of 48 males (77.4%) and 14 females (22.6%). Patients with high CCNA2 expression levels showed longer OS (HR 0.33; 95% CI: 0.15–0.74; p = 0.0073). Multivariable Cox regression analyses identified CCNA2 overexpression (HR 0.37; 95% CI: 0.16–0.85; p = 0.0189) and grading G2 (vs. G3) (HR 0.39; 95% CI: 0.17–0.87; p = 0.0168) to be independent predictors for longer OS. CCNA2 expression correlated positively with MKI67 expression (Rho = 0.4376, p = 0.0005). Conclusion: Low CCNA2 expression is significantly associated with worse OS. Thus, CCNA2 might serve as a potential biomarker in muscle-invasive UTUC and may be used to characterize a subset of patients having an unfavorable outcome and for future risk assessment scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Automated Workflow for High-Resolution 4D Vegetation Monitoring Using Stereo Vision.
- Author
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Kobe, Martin, Elias, Melanie, Merbach, Ines, Schädler, Martin, Bumberger, Jan, Pause, Marion, and Mollenhauer, Hannes
- Subjects
VEGETATION monitoring ,COLOR space ,PRECISION farming ,STEREOSCOPIC cameras ,HIGH resolution imaging ,POINT cloud - Abstract
Precision agriculture relies on understanding crop growth dynamics and plant responses to short-term changes in abiotic factors. In this technical note, we present and discuss a technical approach for cost-effective, non-invasive, time-lapse crop monitoring that automates the process of deriving further plant parameters, such as biomass, from 3D object information obtained via stereo images in the red, green, and blue (RGB) color space. The novelty of our approach lies in the automated workflow, which includes a reliable automated data pipeline for 3D point cloud reconstruction from dynamic scenes of RGB images with high spatio-temporal resolution. The setup is based on a permanent rigid and calibrated stereo camera installation and was tested over an entire growing season of winter barley at the Global Change Experimental Facility (GCEF) in Bad Lauchstädt, Germany. For this study, radiometrically aligned image pairs were captured several times per day from 3 November 2021 to 28 June 2022. We performed image preselection using a random forest (RF) classifier with a prediction accuracy of 94.2% to eliminate unsuitable, e.g., shadowed, images in advance and obtained 3D object information for 86 records of the time series using the 4D processing option of the Agisoft Metashape software package, achieving mean standard deviations (STDs) of 17.3–30.4 mm. Finally, we determined vegetation heights by calculating cloud-to-cloud (C2C) distances between a reference point cloud, computed at the beginning of the time-lapse observation, and the respective point clouds measured in succession with an absolute error of 24.9–35.6 mm in depth direction. The calculated growth rates derived from RGB stereo images match the corresponding reference measurements, demonstrating the adequacy of our method in monitoring geometric plant traits, such as vegetation heights and growth spurts during the stand development using automated workflows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Advanced Detection of Invasive Neophytes in Agricultural Landscapes: A Multisensory and Multiscale Remote Sensing Approach.
- Author
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Thürkow, Florian, Lorenz, Christopher Günter, Pause, Marion, and Birger, Jens
- Subjects
AGRICULTURE ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,INVASIVE plants ,MULTISPECTRAL imaging ,DRONE aircraft ,PLANT species ,REMOTE sensing ,CLASSIFICATION algorithms - Abstract
The sustainable provision of ecological products and services, both natural and man-made, faces a substantial threat emanating from invasive plant species (IPS), which inflict considerable economic and ecological harm on a global scale. They are widely recognized as one of the primary drivers of global biodiversity decline and have become the focal point of an increasing number of studies. The integration of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) plays a pivotal role in their detection and classification across a diverse range of research endeavors, emphasizing the critical significance of accounting for the phenological stages of the targeted species when endeavoring to accurately delineate their distribution and occurrences. This study is centered on this fundamental premise, as it endeavors to amass terrestrial data encompassing the phenological stages and spectral attributes of the specified IPS, with the overarching objective of ascertaining the most opportune time frames for their detection. Moreover, it involves the development and validation of a detection and classification algorithm, harnessing a diverse array of RS datasets, including satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery spanning the spectrum from RGB to multispectral and near-infrared (NIR). Taken together, our investigation underscores the advantages of employing an array of RS datasets in conjunction with the phenological stages, offering an economically efficient and adaptable solution for the detection and monitoring of invasive plant species. Such insights hold the potential to inform both present and future policymaking pertaining to the management of invasive species in agricultural and natural ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Connecting the Dots: Livestock Animals as Missing Links in the Chain of Microplastic Contamination and Human Health.
- Author
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Corte Pause, Francesca, Urli, Susy, Crociati, Martina, Stradaioli, Giuseppe, and Baufeld, Anja
- Subjects
- *
POISONS , *SOIL pollution , *POLLUTION , *FOOD contamination , *LIVESTOCK - Abstract
Simple Summary: The environmental issue posed by the distribution of plastic is largely due to their fragmentation into micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), which are spread across aquatic, atmospheric, and terrestrial ecosystems. The discovery that these particles can easily accumulate in aquatic organisms and edible plants has rapidly drawn global attention to their potential impact on human health. Therefore, based on the One Health approach, this paper will first provide an overview of soil contamination as well as human exposure routes and toxicity pathways of MNPs. It then describes the significant role of livestock animals as a critical link between soil and human exposure, focusing on the lack of the available literature and on the role of livestock animals as reservoirs and carriers of MNP contamination along the food chain. The lack of a standardized method to detect, quantify, and characterize plastic particles in different matrices prevents the determination of their realistic load. For this reason, the development of a database where researchers can document data, both on MNP characteristics and assessment procedures, is also suggested with the perspective of training, in the future, artificial intelligence (AI) tools capable of predicting the most abundant/dangerous polymer(s) and help in guiding decisions to reduce risks to global health. Plastic pollution is a global diffuse threat, especially considering its fragmentation into microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs). Since the contamination of the aquatic environment is already well studied, most studies have now focused on the soil. Moreover, the number of studies on the exposure routes and toxic effects of MNPs in humans is continuously increasing. Although MNPs can cause inflammation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and immune toxicity in livestock animals, which can accumulate ingested/inhaled plastic particles and transfer them to humans through the food chain, research on this topic is still lacking. In considering farm animals as the missing link between soil/plant contamination and human health effects, this paper aims to describe their importance as carriers and vectors of MNP contamination. As research on this topic is in its early stages, there is no standard method to quantify the amount and the characteristics of MNPs in different matrices. Therefore, the creation of a common database where researchers can report data on MNP characteristics and quantification methods could be helpful for both method standardization and the future training of an AI tool for predicting the most abundant/dangerous polymer(s), thus supporting policy decisions to reduce plastic pollution and perfectly fitting with One Health principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. 17q Gain in Neuroblastoma: A Review of Clinical and Biological Implications.
- Author
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Mlakar, Vid, Dupanloup, Isabelle, Gonzales, Fanny, Papangelopoulou, Danai, Ansari, Marc, and Gumy-Pause, Fabienne
- Subjects
CHROMOSOMES ,NEUROBLASTOMA ,CELL cycle proteins ,GENOMICS ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Simple Summary: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequent solid extracranial tumor in children and the most frequently diagnosed cancer during infancy. A genetic modification, a gain of 17q chromosome arm, is the most common modification in neuroblastoma. Substantial research has been performed on 17q's role in neuroblastoma development and its clinical significance. This paper aims to make a comprehensive review of this evidence. The main findings of the review are: (1) current knowledge supports that 17q gain is involved in the development of neuroblastoma and (2) 17q gain is an important clinical marker independently and in association with other genetic modifications. Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequent extracranial solid childhood tumor. Despite advances in the understanding and treatment of this disease, the prognosis in cases of high-risk NB is still poor. 17q gain has been shown to be the most frequent genomic alteration in NB. However, the significance of this remains unclear because of its high frequency and association with other genetic modifications, particularly segmental chromosomal aberrations, 1p and 11q deletions, and MYCN amplification, all of which are also associated with a poor clinical prognosis. This work reviewed the evidence on the clinical and biological significance of 17q gain. It strongly supports the significance of 17q gain in the development of NB and its importance as a clinically relevant marker. However, it is crucial to distinguish between whole and partial chromosome 17q gains. The most important breakpoints appear to be at 17q12 and 17q21. The former distinguishes between whole and partial chromosome 17q gain; the latter is a site of IGF2BP1 and NME1 genes that appear to be the main oncogenes responsible for the functional effects of 17q gain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Anaerobic glucose uptake in Pseudomonas putidaKT2440 in a bioelectrochemical system.
- Author
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Pause, Laura, Weimer, Anna, Wirth, Nicolas T., Nguyen, Anh Vu, Lenz, Claudius, Kohlstedt, Michael, Wittmann, Christoph, Nikel, Pablo I., Lai, Bin, and Krömer, Jens O.
- Subjects
- *
PSEUDOMONAS putida , *PSEUDOMONAS , *GLUCOSE , *DELETION mutation , *ACETATES , *ENERGY consumption , *INSULIN receptors , *EXOTOXIN - Abstract
Providing an anodic potential in a bio‐electrochemical system to the obligate aerobe Pseudomonas putida enables anaerobic survival and allows the cells to overcome redox imbalances. In this setup, the bacteria could be exploited to produce chemicals via oxidative pathways at high yield. However, the absence of anaerobic growth and low carbon turnover rates remain as obstacles for the application of such an electro‐fermentation technology. Growth and carbon turnover start with carbon uptake into the periplasm and cytosol. P. putida KT2440 has three native transporting systems for glucose, each differing in energy and redox demand. This architecture previously led to the hypothesis that internal redox and energy constraints ultimately limit cytoplasmic carbon utilization in a bio‐electrochemical system. However, it remains largely unclear which uptake route is predominantly used by P. putida under electro‐fermentative conditions. To elucidate this, we created three gene deletion mutants of P. putida KT2440, forcing the cells to exclusively utilize one of the routes. When grown in a bio‐electrochemical system, the pathway mutants were heavily affected in terms of sugar consumption, current output and product formation. Surprisingly, however, we found that about half of the acetate formed in the cytoplasm originated from carbon that was put into the system via the inoculation biomass, while the other half came from the consumption of substrate. The deletion of individual sugar uptake routes did not alter significantly the secreted acetate concentrations among different strains even with different carbon sources. This means that the stoichiometry of the sugar uptake routes is not a limiting factor during electro‐fermentation and that the low rates might be caused by other reasons, for example energy limitations or a yet‐to‐be‐identified oxygen‐dependent regulatory mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Vaccine Immunity in Children After Hematologic Cancer Treatment: A Retrospective Single-center Study.
- Author
-
Cetin, Melissa, Gumy-Pause, Fabienne, Gualtieri, Renato, Posfay-Barbe, Klara M., and Blanchard-Rohner, Geraldine
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
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