39 results on '"Rocha Barbosa, Oscar"'
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2. Ontogenetic skull variation in a shovel‐headed amphisbaenian species.
- Author
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Hohl, Leandro dos S. L., Azorit, Concepción, Vassallo, Aldo I., Casinos, Adrià, Machado, Alessandra S., Lopes, Ricardo T., and Rocha‐Barbosa, Oscar
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. KINEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF THE VERTICAL CLIMBING OF Dasypus novemcinctus (XENARTHRA, DASYPODIDAE): THE FIRST REPORT OF THIS ABILITY IN ARMADILLOS
- Author
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Costa, Fabiana R., Clerici, Giannina P., Rosa, Patricia S., Ribeiro, Leonardo L., and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Published
- 2017
4. Multiple colors in anteaters: review and description of chromatic disorders in Tamandua (Xenarthra: Pilosa) with reports of new and rare coat colorations.
- Author
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Cotts, Leonardo, Slifkin, Jonathan P., Moratelli, Ricardo, Gonçalves, Lucas, and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Subjects
ANIMAL coloration ,ALBINOS & albinism ,MELANISM ,SUBSPECIES ,COLOR - Abstract
Tamandua Gray, 1825 contains two species of anteaters: Tamandua mexicana (Saussure, 1860), which occurs in southern Mexico, throughout Central America and south to the west of the Andes in South America, and Tamandua tetradactyla (Linnaeus, 1758), widely distributed in South America, from Venezuela to northern Argentina, as well as Trinidad and Tobago. Historically, different coloration patterns have been attributed to the coat of Tamandua, with T. mexicana typically showing a partial or complete dark "vest" on the dorsal portion of the body, whereas T. tetradactyla can show a complete, partial, or absent vest and a coat varying from golden, pale yellow and pale gray to brown or black. These different coat colors are sometimes treated as inherent characteristics of subspecies of Tamandua. Here, we review color variation in Tamandua and describe six chromatic disorders for the genus: albinism, leucism, "brown" variation, melanism (partial and total), xanthochromism (partial and total) and, for the first time for anteaters, erythrism. In addition, we detail the morphological expression and geographic distribution of these anomalies in populations of Tamandua from Central and South America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Water Absorption of the Fur and Swimming Behavior of Semiaquatic and Terrestrial Oryzomine Rodents
- Author
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Santori, Ricardo T., Vieira, Marcus Vinicius, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, Magnan-Neto, José Aarão, and Gobbi, Nivar
- Published
- 2008
6. Swimming performance in semiaquatic and terrestrial Oryzomyine rodents
- Author
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Santori, Ricardo Tadeu, Delciellos, Ana Cláudia, Vieira, Marcus Vinicius, Gobbi, Nivar, Loguercio, Mariana Fiuza de Castro, and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Dental formula variations in wild and domestic Sus scrofa: is the first premolar agenesis an evolutionary trend?
- Author
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Azorit, Concepción, Oya, Antonia, Hohl, Leandro S. L., Carrasco, Rafael, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, and Casinos, Adrià
- Subjects
WILD boar ,SWINE ,BICUSPIDS ,FISHER exact test ,HUMAN abnormalities - Abstract
We investigated the occurrence of congenital dental abnormalities in 94 wild boars Sus scrofa scrofa, and 20 Iberian pigs Sus scrofa domesticus from Doñana (DNP) and Sierra de Andújar Natural Park (ANP) southern Spain. The only dental variation found was agenesis of the lower first premolar, either deciduous (Dp
1 ) or permanent (P1 ). We analyzed prevalence variations using: odds ratios, Fisher's exact test and logistic-regression models. The lower first premolar has often been reported to be absent in modern domestic breeds of pigs, but it is usually reported as present in wild boar. However, we found a similar occurrence of agenesis in wild boar as in Iberian pigs. A common genotypic background between wild boar and Iberian pig populations of ANP sharing the same ecosystems may explain this result. When considering only wild boar, unexpected differences between populations were detected. The wild boar from ANP showed higher estimated probabilities of agenesis than those from DNP. Environmental conditions can also represent influencing factors for changes within subspecies. Our findings reinforce the idea that in suids the congenital absence of premolars probably has an evolutionary relevance, which could represent a generalized trend towards the reduction of the dental formula from the plesiomorphic placental dentition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Limb bone stress in the mara dolichotis patagonum (Caviomorpha; caviidae; dolichotinae)
- Author
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Vassallo, Aldo Iván and Rocha Barbosa, Oscar
- Subjects
purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,MAMMAL GAIT ,LOCOMOTION ,BODY POSTURE ,TIBIA ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,RODENTIA - Abstract
The mara Dolichotis patagonum (Caviomorpha, Caviidae) is probably the extant rodent with the most pronounced postcranial specializations for fast locomotion. When running the species can reach a speed of ~40 km/h. It has been suggested that its body posture and limb bones show evolutionary parallelism regarding small-sized artiodactyl species. Due to its elongated limbs and relatively large body mass (average 8 kg) compared to other rodents, its limb bones may experi-ence large loads at high speeds. Using kinematic data from high speed video films and skeletal dimensions of museum specimens, ground reaction forces and stresses acting on the humerus and tibia during different gaits were estimated. Values of bending stress obtained for the tibia were greater than those for the humerus during walking, gallop and “pronk”. The stress experienced by the tibia when running doubled the value obtained when walking (54.5 vs. 26.1 MPa, respec-tively). Estimated bone safety factors were less than half during fast locomotion (3.1) compared to walking (6.4). It is discussed how maras’ body posture and skeletal dimensions affect bone stress experienced during locomotion. Fil: Vassallo, Aldo Iván. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina Fil: Rocha Barbosa, Oscar. Universidade do Estado de Rio do Janeiro; Brasil
- Published
- 2020
9. Locomotion in aquatic, terrestrial, and arboreal habitat of thick-tailed opossum, lutreolina crassicaudata (desmarest, 1804)
- Author
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Santori, Ricardo Tadeu, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, Vieira, Marcus Vinicius, Magnan-Neto, Jose Aarao, and Loguerocio, Mariana F.C.
- Subjects
Animal behavior -- Research ,Opossums -- Behavior ,Opossums -- Research ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
The reasons Lutreolina crassicaudata is always captured in close proximity to water are not clear. We investigated locomotory behavior and performance in swimming, running, climbing, and jumping of L. crassicaudata. One adult male was videotaped in the laboratory while swimming, walking on the ground and on a horizontal tube 1.2 m from the ground, climbing a tree trunk angled 45[degrees], and jumping gaps between supports. The locomotor cycles in these different activities were described by speed, stride length, stroke or stride frequency, time of power and recovery phases or stance and swing phases, and by displacement of points on the animal. L. crassicaudata employed a quadruped paddling gait in swimming. Swimming speed was similar to that of terrestrial didelphids, but stroke frequency and buoyancy ability were more similar to those of the water opossum. Different gaits were used for locomotion in each habitat type and we conclude that L. crassicaudata cannot be considered a specialized species for aquatic locomotion. Key words: animal behavior, climbing, Didelphidae, locomotion, Lutreolina, swimming
- Published
- 2005
10. Swimming behavior and performance of the marsh rat Holochilus vulpinus (Brants, 1827) (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae).
- Author
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Torres, Julio, Santori, Ricardo T., Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, Candela, Adriana M., and Pardiñas, Ulyses F.J.
- Subjects
CRICETIDAE ,MARSHES ,AQUATIC mammals ,RATS ,BEHAVIOR ,WETLANDS - Abstract
Semiaquatic habits evolved in several Sigmodontinae rodent species, but this issue remains poorly studied. The marsh rat Holochilus vulpinus (Brants, 1827) has been associated with palustrine wetland environments and exhibits several morphological traits related to the semiaquatic habit. However, its swimming behavior and the way its morphological specializations contribute to it have not been evaluated so far in this species. This note focuses on describing and quantifying the swimming behavior and swimming performance of H. vulpinus. In order to address these issues, five individuals of H. vulpinus, four adults and one subadult, were filmed while swimming and their performance was quantified. The obtained results indicate that the swimming mode is bipedal paddling, alternating the stroke of the hind feet. The quantitative indicators also qualify H. vulpinus as a good swimmer compared to other terrestrial and semiaquatic mammals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Sympatry between species of Juliomys (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) along an altitudinal gradient in the Serra da Bocaina National Park.
- Author
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Cláudia Delciellos, Ana, Aguieiras, Marcia, Colombo de Mendonça, Gabriela, Carolina Loss, Ana, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, and Geise, Lena
- Abstract
Copyright of Biota Neotropica (Edicao em Iingles) is the property of Biota Neotropica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Skull morphology of bottlenose dolphins from different ocean populations with emphasis on South America.
- Author
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Hohl, Leandro S. L., Sicuro, Fernando L., Wickert, Janaína C., Moreno, Ignacio B., Rocha‐Barbosa, Oscar, and Barreto, André S.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Limb bone stress in the mara Dolichotis patagonum (Caviomorpha; Caviidae; Dolichotinae).
- Author
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IVÁN VASSALLO, Aldo and ROCHA-BARBOSA, Oscar
- Subjects
- *
BONES , *BENDING stresses , *TIBIA , *REACTION forces , *SAFETY factor in engineering , *POSTURE - Abstract
The mara Dolichotis patagonum (Caviomorpha, Caviidae) is probably the extant rodent with the most pronounced postcranial specializations for fast locomotion. When running the species can reach a speed of ~40 km/h. It has been suggested that its body posture and limb bones show evolutionary parallelism regarding small-sized artiodactyl species. Due to its elongated limbs and relatively large body mass (average 8 kg) compared to other rodents, its limb bones may experience large loads at high speeds. Using kinematic data from high speed video films and skeletal dimensions of museum specimens, ground reaction forces and stresses acting on the humerus and tibia during different gaits were estimated. Values of bending stress obtained for the tibia were greater than those for the humerus during walking, gallop and "pronk". The stress experienced by the tibia when running doubled the value obtained when walking (54.5 vs. 26.1 MPa, respectively). Estimated bone safety factors were less than half during fast locomotion (3.1) compared to walking (6.4). It is discussed how maras' body posture and skeletal dimensions affect bone stress experienced during locomotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Searching for indicators of age, sex and population in European mouflon mandibles.
- Author
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AZORIT, Concepción, JIMENEZ TENORIO, Manuel, CASINOS, Adrian, LÓPEZ MONTOYA, Antonio Jesús, LÓPEZ-FUSTER, María José, and ROCHA BARBOSA, Oscar
- Subjects
MOUFLON ,SHEEP ,MANDIBLE ,SEXUAL dimorphism ,PARAMETERS (Statistics) ,MORPHOMETRICS ,UNGULATES - Abstract
Mandibles from separate populations of free-living mouflons (Ovis aries musimon) from Southern Spain, submitted to different ecological conditions, were studied. Searching for ontogenetic shape variations we used geometric morphometrics tools and we explored the use of several mathematical models for describing growth rate variations between populations and sexes. A strong allometry was detected with variations in shape mainly matching with molar and premolar eruption. Mandible shape did not vary significantly with sex nor was sexual size dimorphism detected in adults, whatever the population. By modeling growth we detected differences between populations in all parameters such as the maturity rate describing precocity, and the time it took to reach asymptotic size (varying from 9 up to 18 months). A longer period of growth did not result in a larger asymptotic size, but it led to smaller mandibles. Mouflons with relatively late teeth replacement, lower maturation rate and smaller adult size were those of the population submitted to extreme environmental conditions, like epizootic disease, droughts and ungulate overpopulations. We discuss how a delay in reaching mature size has probably an important subsequent impact on reproductive and life-history traits in this species. Being able to record the effects of density-dependent and densityindependent factors, mandibles become a target of interest for ecological and management studies also on mouflons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Origin and Antimeric Distribution of the Femoral Nerves in New Zealand Rabbits
- Author
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Medeiros-do-Nascimento, Renata, Alves-Pereira, Jorge Luiz, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, and Abidu- Figueiredo, Marcelo
- Subjects
Nervio femoral ,Variation ,Conejo Nueva Zelanda ,New Zealand rabbits ,Lagomorpha ,Variación ,Oryctolagus cuniculus ,Femoral nerves - Abstract
The origin and distribution of the femoral nerves in both antimeres were studied in 30 New Zealand rabbits (15 males and 15 females). The specimens were collected after natural death and fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution. In males, the femoral nerve originated from the ventral branches of the fourth, sixth and seventh lumbar spinal nerves in seven animals (46.67%), in two animals (13.33%) from the ventral branches of the fifth and sixth lumbar spinal nerves, in one animal (6.67%) from the ventral branch of the fifth lumbar spinal nerve, in three animals (20%) from the ventral branches of the fifth, sixth and seventh lumbar spinal nerves, in one animal (6.67%) from the ventral branches of the fourth and fifth lumbar spinal nerves, and in one animal (6.67%) from the ventral branches of the fifth and seventh lumbar spinal nerves. In females, the femoral nerve originated from the ventral branches of the fourth, sixth and seventh lumbar spinal nerves in four animals (26.67%), in two cases (13.33%) from the ventral branches of the fifth and sixth lumbar spinal nerves, in one animal (6.67%) from the ventral branch of the fifth lumbar spinal nerve, in three animals (20%) from the ventral branches of the sixth and seventh lumbar spinal nerves, in four animals (26.67%) from the ventral branches of the fifth, sixth and seventh lumbar spinal nerves and in one animal (6.67%) from the ventral branches of the fourth and seventhlumbar spinal nerves. In all animals the femoral nerves were distributed in different branches to the major and minor psoas, femoral quadriceps, sartorius and pectinius muscles. Se estudió el origen y distribución del nervio femoral de ambos antímeros en 30 conejos neozelandeses, 15 machos y 15 hembras. Los animales fueron recolectados después de su muerte natural y se fijaron en formaldehído al 10%. En los machos, el nervio femoral se originó a partir de los ramos ventrales del cuarto, sexto y séptimo nervios espinales lumbares en siete casos (46,67%); en tres casos (20%) desde los ramos ventrales del quinto, sexto y séptimo nervios espinales lumbares; en dos casos (13,33%) desde los ramos ventrales del quinto y sexto nervios espinales lumbares, mientras que en tres animales (n=1 respectivamente), desde los ramos ventrales del quinto nervio espinal lumbar (6,67%), los ramos ventrales del cuarto y quinto nervios lumbares espinales (6,67%) y desde los ramos ventrales del quinto y séptimo nervios espinales lumbares. En las hembras, el nervio femoral se originó a partir de los ramos ventrales del cuarto, sexto y séptimo nervios espinales en cuatro casos (26,67%); en otros cuatro casos (26,67%) desde los ramos ventrales del quinto, sexto y séptimo nervios espinales lumbar, en tres casos (20%) desde los ramos ventrales del sexto y séptimo nervios espinales lumbares, en dos casos (13,33%) desde los ramos ventrales del quinto y sexto nervios espinales, y en dos animales (n=1, respectivamente) procedían desde los ramos ventrales del quinto nervio espinal lumbar (6,67%) y de los ramos ventrales del cuarto y séptimo nervios espinales lumbares (6,67%). Los nervios femorales en todos los animales estaban distribuidos en diversos ramos de los músculos psoas mayor y menor, cuádriceps femoral sartorios y pectinatos.
- Published
- 2015
16. Age and Sex-Related Geometrical Variation of Ramus mandibulae of Sus scrofa's (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) Jaws
- Author
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Hohl, Leandro dos S. L, Sicuro, Fernando L, Azorit, Concepción, Carrasco, Rafael, and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Subjects
Jabalí ,Sexual Dimorphism ,Mandíbula ,Ontogeny ,Mandible ,Wild boar ,Dimorfismo sexual ,Ontogenia - Abstract
Morphological variation of the ramus mandibulae of wild Sus scrofa was described and correlated to sex and age differences. Young forms (n=27, 15 males, 12 females) and adults (n=23, 13 males, 10 females) were analyzed through Geometric Morphometrics (2-D) to assess differences between groups. We found significant differences between age- and sex-related shape variations at ramus mandibulae level. Young wild boars present bulky angular process with backward oriented coronoid process, while adults show slender jaw vertical ramus, and orthogonally oriented coronoid process. The ramus mandibulae in female wild boars is more robust and bulky than in males. The morphological changes between young and adult forms are related to alterations in the osteo-muscular jaw complex along wild boars ontogeny. The jaw morphological variations observed in adult wild boars could also be related to dietary differences between sexes. Se describen las variaciones morfológicas a nivel de la rama mandibular del jabali (Sus scrofa) en función del sexo y la edad. Se analizó material procedente de jabalíes juveniles (n=27, 15 machos y 12 hembras) y adultos (n=23, 13 machos y 10 hembras) a través de la morfometría geométrica (2-D) para valorar diferencias entre grupos. Se encontraron diferencias a nivel de la forma del ángulo mandibular entre edades y sexos, de manera que los individuos juveniles presentaron un ángulo más abultado y un proceso coronoides orientado hacia atrás, mientras que los adultos muestran una rama mandibular más estrecha y vertical, así como, un proceso coronoides orientado ortogonalmente. En las hembras la parte posterior de la mandíbula es más abultada y compacta que en los machos. Los cambios morfológicos entre juveniles y adultos están relacionados con los procesos ontogenéticos que afectan al complejo osteomuscular durante el crecimiento. Por otra parte, las variaciones morfológicas observadas en los adultos podrían tener relación con diferencias en la dieta entre ambos sexos.
- Published
- 2014
17. Variation in the skull morphometry of four taxonomic units of Thrichomys (Rodentia: Echimyidae), from different Neotropical biomes.
- Author
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Carvalhaes, Jeiel G., Cordeiro‐Estrela, Pedro, Hohl, Leandro S.L., Vilela, Roberto V., D'Andrea, Paulo S., and Rocha‐Barbosa, Oscar
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Analysis of the spatio‐temporal parameters of gaits in Dasypus novemcinctus (Xenarthra: Dasypodidae).
- Author
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Costa, Fabiana R., Clerici, Giannina P., Lobo‐Ribeiro, Leonardo, Rocha‐Barbosa, Oscar, and Rosa, Patrícia S.
- Subjects
NINE-banded armadillo ,XENARTHRA ,ARMADILLOS ,LOCOMOTION ,HINDLIMB - Abstract
Armadillos comprise a particular group of armoured animals whose functional morphology of locomotion remains unclear. For the first time, the kinematic patterns of Dasypus novemcinctus are analysed. Eight specimens of nine‐banded armadillos were studied at a research institute in São Paulo State, Brazil. The individuals were induced to cross a horizontal corridor and each gait performed during the time each of them was kept inside this structure was recorded to a detailed analysis posteriorly performed in a computer program. Four parameters regarding speed range were considered: stride frequency (Hz) (1/stride period), stride length (m), speed (ms−1) and duty factor (%). A total of 89 strides have been analysed among symmetrical (60.6%) and asymmetrical gaits (39.4%), and six footfall patterns were here reported as follows: lateral sequences (symmetrical), transverse gallop, canter, bound, half‐bound and crutch walk (asymmetrical). This kind of analysis implements our knowledge on the locomotory aspects of these animals, hence contributing to the improvement of our knowledge on this still poorly known group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Skull variation in a shovel‐headed amphisbaenian genus, inferred from the geometric morphometric analysis of five South American Leposternon species.
- Author
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Hohl, Leandro S. L., Barros‐Filho, José D., and Rocha‐Barbosa, Oscar
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Bats of the Serra da Bocaina National Park, southeastern Brazil: an updated species list and a distribution extension for Trinycteris nicefori (Sanborn, 1949).
- Author
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Delciellos, Ana Cláudia, Motta, Adarene, Dias, Daniela, Almeida, Brunna, and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Abstract
Copyright of Biota Neotropica (Edicao em Iingles) is the property of Biota Neotropica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Morphological Variation in Scale Microstructures Between Two Terrestrial Species of the Genus Oxyrhopus (Colubridae: Xenodontinae).
- Author
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MORAES-E-SILVA, RAMON, DOS S. L. HOHL, LEANDRO, and ROCHA-BARBOSA, OSCAR
- Subjects
MICROSTRUCTURE ,SPECIES ,REPTILES ,COLUBRIDAE - Abstract
The article explores the microornamentation of snake scales and its significance. Topics include the use of microornamentation in taxonomy and its historical context, the functional adaptations of microornamentation related to various environmental factors, and the dual influence of phylogenetic history and environmental preferences on the patterns observed in snake scale microstructures.
- Published
- 2018
22. Syntopy of cryptic <italic>Phyllomys</italic> (Rodentia: Echimyidae) species: description of the karyotype of <italic>Phyllomys nigrispinus</italic> and an expansion of the geographic distribution of <italic>Phyllomys sulinus</italic>.
- Author
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Delciellos, Ana Cláudia, Loss, Ana Carolina, Aguieiras, Marcia, Geise, Lena, and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Subjects
BIODIVERSITY ,PHYLOGENY ,BIOGEOGRAPHY ,KARYOTYPES ,ARBOREAL spiny rats - Abstract
The echimyid rodents of the genus
Phyllomys are medium-sized arboreal spiny rats endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. The genus is currently composed of 13 species, although there are at least four other undescribed species. The ecology, zoogeography and diversity of the genus are still poorly understood. Here, we provide the first record ofPhyllomys sulinus from the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro, based on a specimen collected in the Serra da Bocaina National Park, which extends the known geographic range of the species approximately 130 km to the northeast. At this site,P. sulinus occurred in syntopy with the crypticPhyllomys nigrispinus . We describe the karyotype ofP. nigrispinus for the first time and identify two different diploid numbers (2n=84 and 85). We also conducted a molecular analysis of the cytochromeb gene of five specimens, which we identified by phylogenetic reconstruction. Our findings reinforce the importance of molecular data, such as DNA sequences, and karyotypes for the differentiation of cryptic, syntopic species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Comparative Intestinal Histomorphology of Five Species of Phyllostomid Bats (Phyllostomidae, Microchiroptera): Ecomorphological Relations with Alimentary Habits
- Author
-
Gadelha-Alves, Rafaela, Rozensztranch, Andréa Melo Da Silva, and Rocha- Barbosa, Oscar
- Subjects
Intestines ,Micrometry ,Murciélagos ,Histoquímica ,Histology ,Micrometría ,Bats ,Ecomorphology ,Ecomorfología ,Intestinos ,Histología ,Histochemistry ,Phyllostomidae - Abstract
The intestines of Sturnira lilium, Phyllostomus hastatus, Carolliaperspicillata, GlossophagasoricinaíindDesmodus rotundus were analized through macroscopic, morphometric and light microscopy studies. The species studied presented some common charactenstics generally found in bats, such as the absence of a caecum and an appendix. The frugivorous bat S. lilium has a longer intestine than the other species. The intestinal epithelium is of the simple columnar type, constituted of absorptive cells characterized by microvilli and goblet cells, which in all the species proved to be PAS + and AB +. These cells presented some differences in quantity and in distribution among the species. The intestinal mucosa presented morphologic and morphometric differences, such as the shape and size of villi as well as the length of the crypts of Lieberkühn. Histologically the different intestinal portions could be distinguished: in the middle portion we found few goblet cells and long villi; in the distal portion we found an increase in goblet cells and a decrease in villi height; and in the large intestine no villi were found, but rather abundant intestinal glands with numerous goblet cells. In C. perspicillata, P. hastatus and G. soricina we could observe Peyeras patches in the distal portion near the large intestine, whereas in D. rotundus and S. lilium we found aggregations of lymphoid nodulous tissue distributed along the tube. In all species we observed the presence of Paneth cells at the base of the crypts of Lieberkühn. We could observe differences among the species in the distribution of collagen in the small intestine submucosa and serosa. The outer muscular layer has one circular layer and a longitudinal layer, the circular layer increasing in thickness along the tube. Large intestine charactenstics are uniform among the species. Sfractures such as the taenia coli and the appendices epiploicae were absent. These results should contribute not only to improve understanding of bat morphology, but also to provide grounds for the evaluation of evolutionary models on the adaptive radiation of phyllostomid feeding habits. Los intestinos de Sturnira azucenas, Phyllostomus hastatus, Carollia perspicillata, Glossophaga soricina y Desmodus rotundus se analizaron a través de estudios macroscópicos, morfométricos y de microscopía de luz. Las especies estudiadas presentan algunas características comunes en general encontradas en murciélagos, tales como la ausencia de un ciego y un apéndice. Murciélagos frugívoros S. azucenas tienen un intestino más largo que el de otras especies. El epitelio intestinal es de tipo columnar simple, constituido por células de absorción que se caracterizan por microveilosidades y células caliciformes, que en todas las especies resultó ser PAS + y AB +. Estas células presentan algunas diferencias en cantidad y en la distribución entre las especies. La mucosa intestinal presenta diferencias morfológicas y morfométricas, como la forma y el tamaño de las vellosidades, así como la longitud de las criptas de Lieberkühn. Histológicamente las diferentes partes intestinales pueden ser distinguidas: en la parte media encontramos pocas células caliciformes y largas vellosidades, en la porción distal encontramos un aumento de células caliciformes y una disminución en la altura de vellosidades, y en el intestino grueso no se encontraron vellosidades, sino más bien abundantes glándulas intestinales con numerosas células caliciformes. En C. perspicillata, P hastatus y G. soricina podemos observar placas de Peyer en la porción distal, cerca del intestino grueso, mientras que en D. rotundus y S. azucenas se encontraron agrupaciones de tejido linfoide nodular distribuido a lo largo del tubo. En todas las especies se observó la presencia de células Paneth en la base de las criptas de Lieberkühn. Hemos podido observar diferencias entre las especies en la distribución de colágeno en el intestino delgado y submucosa serosa. La capa muscular exterior tiene una capa circular y una capa longitudinal, la capa circular en el aumento de espesor a lo largo del tubo. Las características del intestino grueso son uniformes entre las especies. Estructuras como la taenia coli y los apéndices epiploicos estuvieron ausentes. Estos resultados deben contribuir no sólo a mejorar la comprensión de la morfología del murciélago, sino también para sentar las bases para la evaluación de los modelos evolutivos adaptativa de la radiación en los hábitos alimenticios de filostómidos.
- Published
- 2008
24. Comparative Intestinal Histomorphology of Five Species of Phyllostomid Bats (Phyllostomidae, Microchiroptera): Ecomorphological Relations with Alimentary Habits
- Author
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Gadelha-Alves,Rafaela, Rozensztranch,Andréa Melo Da Silva, and Rocha- Barbosa,Oscar
- Subjects
Intestines ,Micrometry ,Histology ,Bats ,Ecomorphology ,Histochemistry ,digestive system ,Phyllostomidae - Abstract
The intestines of Sturnira lilium, Phyllostomus hastatus, Carolliaperspicillata, GlossophagasoricinaíindDesmodus rotundus were analized through macroscopic, morphometric and light microscopy studies. The species studied presented some common charactenstics generally found in bats, such as the absence of a caecum and an appendix. The frugivorous bat S. lilium has a longer intestine than the other species. The intestinal epithelium is of the simple columnar type, constituted of absorptive cells characterized by microvilli and goblet cells, which in all the species proved to be PAS + and AB +. These cells presented some differences in quantity and in distribution among the species. The intestinal mucosa presented morphologic and morphometric differences, such as the shape and size of villi as well as the length of the crypts of Lieberkühn. Histologically the different intestinal portions could be distinguished: in the middle portion we found few goblet cells and long villi; in the distal portion we found an increase in goblet cells and a decrease in villi height; and in the large intestine no villi were found, but rather abundant intestinal glands with numerous goblet cells. In C. perspicillata, P. hastatus and G. soricina we could observe Peyeras patches in the distal portion near the large intestine, whereas in D. rotundus and S. lilium we found aggregations of lymphoid nodulous tissue distributed along the tube. In all species we observed the presence of Paneth cells at the base of the crypts of Lieberkühn. We could observe differences among the species in the distribution of collagen in the small intestine submucosa and serosa. The outer muscular layer has one circular layer and a longitudinal layer, the circular layer increasing in thickness along the tube. Large intestine charactenstics are uniform among the species. Sfractures such as the taenia coli and the appendices epiploicae were absent. These results should contribute not only to improve understanding of bat morphology, but also to provide grounds for the evaluation of evolutionary models on the adaptive radiation of phyllostomid feeding habits.
- Published
- 2008
25. Excavatory Cycle of Leposternon microcephalum Wagler, 1824 (Reptilia, Amphisbaenia)
- Author
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Barros-Filho, José Duarte de, Hohl, Leandro dos Santos Lima, and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Subjects
Scopy ,Escopia ,Reptilia ,Amphisbaenia ,Locomoción ,Leposternon microcephalum ,Locomotion - Abstract
The excavatory movements of the spade-snouted amphisbaenid Leposternon microcephalum (Reptilia, Squamata) was studied with the aid of videofluorscopy (X-ray) techniques. This allows the observation of skull and column movements along tunneling, and a more detailed motion observation, being so a novel approach for amphisbaenian excavatory rescarches. A single specimen of Leposternon microcephalum was kept in a glass terrarium filled with semoline, and filmed with a scopy (X-ray) machine. Fixed anatomical marks on the head of the specimen were put in drawings from the framed recordings. Selected sequences of the recordings were fragmented in isolated frames for motion observation. The analysis of the recordings revealed a repetitive pattern of excavatory cycles, with retreating and downward bending of the head before its upstroke to compact the substrate tunnel roof. Follows a dropping of the head, which lays over the substrate giving support for the next retreating and downward head bending. This is an essential step that was neglected in earlier cycle descriptions. The initial downward head bending was not previously properly described for spade-snouted amphisbaenians. The excavatory movements of spade-snouted amphisbaenians are usually treated as a two-stepped cycle, but the evidence that this excavatory cycle has three steps is given here. Los movimientos excavatorios de la Amphisbaenia (culebrilla ciega), con hocico en forma de pala, Leposternon microcephalum (Reptilia: Squamata) se estudiaron con la ayuda de técnicas de videofluoroscopía (rayos X). Esto permite la observación de los movimientos del cráneo y columna, a lo largo de túneles, y una propuesta más detallada, siendo un enfoque novedoso para investigaciones de la culebrilla ciega excavadora. Un solo espécimen de Leposternon microcephalum se mantuvo en un terrario de vidrio lleno de semolina, y fue filmado con una máquina de escopía (rayos X). Se fijaron marcas anatómicas en la cabeza de éste y luego fueron dibujadas desde las grabaciones. Las secuencias seleccionadas de las grabaciones fueron fragmentadas en fotogramas aislados de la observación del movimiento. Los análisis de las grabaciones revelaron un patrón repetitivo de ciclos excavatorios, con la retirada y doblamiento hacia abajo de la cabeza, antes de su movimiento hacia arriba para compactar el sustrato del techo del túnel. Sigue una caida de la cabeza, que se pone sobre el apoyo del sustrato para la próxima retirada y doblamiento hacia abajo de la cabeza. Esto es un paso esencial que es descuidado en las descripciones anteriores del ciclo. La primera flexión baja de la cabeza no fue debidamente descrita anteriormente para Amphisbaenia con hocico en forma de pala. Los movimientos excavatorios de estos animales suelen ser tratados como un período de dos ciclos intensificados, pero la evidencia que este ciclo excavatorio consta de tres pasos, se dan aquí.
- Published
- 2008
26. Topographical Anatomy of the Blunthead Treesnake, Imantodes cenchoa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Colubridae: Xenodontinae)
- Author
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Aveiro-Lins, Gustavo, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, Salomão, Maria da Graça, Puorto, Giuseppe, and de Castro Loguercio, Mariana Fiuza
- Subjects
Allometry ,Arboreality ,Serpientes ,Arboreal ,Ecomorphology ,Snakes ,Ecomorfología ,Alometría ,Anatomy ,Anatomía - Abstract
Imantodes cenchoa (Duméril, 1853) is an arboreal, nocturnal and oviparous xenodontine snake, which feeds on amphibians and lizards. It is found in Central and South America, including northern and central Brazil. In this work, we investigated the relationship between topographic anatomy and habitat in I. cenchoa. Twenty specimens (13 non pregnant females and 7 males) were examined. The topographic anatomy study was realized through observations of the internal anatomy, particularly the position and size of lung, heart, liver, left and right gonads and left and right kidneys. Results showed that all the organs are located in a posterior position in relation to the snout vent length (SVL). The centre of gravity is found at about 74% of SVL in both males and females. In males, no positive allometry was observed among the positions of the organs. Negative allometry in females was observed regarding the position of the anterior tip of the left kidney, the anterior and posterior tips of the right kidney and in both ovaries. In males, negative allometry is present in the position of all the organs. The distance between the last follicle and the cloaca was 8.78% of SVL. Our data corroborate the idea that the posterior position of all internal organs is linked to a habitat specialization of a snake, linking the arboreal species I. cenchoa with a relatively posterior internal topography Imantodes cenchoa (Duméril, 1853) es una serpiente xenodontinea, arbórea, noctura y ovípara, que se alimenta de anfibios y largartos. Se encuenta en América Central y del Sur, incluyendo las partes Norte y Central de Brasil. En este trabajo, investigamos la relaciones entre la Anatomía Topográfica y hábitat en I. cenchoa. Fueron examinados 20 especímenes (13 hembras no preñadas y 7 machos). El estudio de la Anatomía Topográfica fue realizada a través de observaciones de la anatomía interna, particularmente la posición y tamaño del pulmón, corazón, hígado, gónadas y riñones derechos e izquierdos. Los resultados mostraron que todos los órganos están localizados en una posición posterior, en relación a la entrada de la longitud del hocico(SVL). El centro de gravedad se encuentra a 74% de SVL en machos y hembras. En los machos, no fue observada alometría positiva entre la posición de los órganos. Fue observada alometría negativa en las hembras, considerando la posición del extremo anterior del riñón izquierdo, los extremos anterior y posterior del riñón derecho y ambos ovarios. En machos, se presentó alometría negativa en la posición de todos los órganos. La distancia entre el último folículo y la cloaca fue 8.78% de SVL. Nuestros datos corroboran la idea que la posición posterior de todos los órganos internos está marcada por una especialización al hábitat de una serpiente, marcando la especie arbórea I. cenchoa con una especial topografía interna posterior
- Published
- 2006
27. Structure of claws and toes of two tropidurid lizard species of Restinga from Southeastern Brazil: adaptations to the vertical use of the habitat
- Author
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Carvalho Ribas, Sueli, Velloso, Ana Lucia Rosario, Teixeira-Filho, Pedro, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, Evangelista, Heitor, and Alves dos Santos, Elaine
- Subjects
ecomorphology ,claw ,microhabitat use ,ecomorfología ,Tropiduridae ,garra ,lizard ,lagartija ,uso de microhábitat - Abstract
Tropidurus torquatus and Liolaemus lutzae, found in a restinga habitat, show some morphological differences associated with differential microhabitats use. There were made measurements of the snout-vent length, length and width of the largest toe of hand and foot, and length, width, height and curvature of the claws. We counted the number of adhesive lamellae of the largest toe of each member. T. torquatus has larger toes, greater number of adhesive lamellae and higher and more curve claws than L. lutzae. No significant differences in toe and claw widths were found. These results suggest that the differences found in the morphology of toes and claws of these two species would be associated with the differential microhabitat use. T. torquatus has morphological adaptations that allow it to use the microhabitat both vertically or horizontally, while L. lutzae use it only horizontally Tropidurus torquatus y Liolaemus lutzae hallados en un hábitat de restinga, muestran algunas diferencias morfológicas asociadas a el uso diferencial de microhábitats. Se realizaron mediciones de la longitud "snout-vent", longitud y ancho del dedo mayor de la mano y el pie y, longitud, ancho, altura y curvatura de las garras. Se contó el número de lamelas adhesivas del dedo mayor de cada miembro. T. torquatus posee dedos más grandes, mayor número de lamelas adhesivas y garras más altas y curvadas que L. lutzae. No se hallaron diferencias significativas en los anchos de dedos y garras. Estos resultados sugieren que las diferencias encontradas en la morfología de dedos y garras de estas dos especies estarían asociadas con el uso diferencial del microhábitat. T. torquatus posee adaptaciones que le permiten utilizar el microhábitat tanto vertical como horizontalmente, mientras que L. lutzae solamente lo utiliza en forma horizontal
- Published
- 2004
28. ECOMORPHOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS IN SIX LIZARD SPECIES OF RESTINGA DA BARRA DE MARICÁ, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL
- Author
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Teixeira-Filho, Pedro, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, Paes, Viviane, Carvalho Ribas, Sueli, and de Almeida, Josimar R.
- Subjects
Microhabitat utilization ,Utilización del microhabitats ,Ecomorphology ,Lizard ,Ecomorfología ,Garra ,Claw ,Lagarto - Abstract
We studied some ecomorphological relationships in six lizard species (Ameiva ameiva, Cnemidophorus littoralis, Tropidurus torquatus, Liolaemus lutzae, Mabuya agilis and M. macrorhyncha) from Restinga de Barra de Maricá, RJ. These species have marked differences in microhabitat utilization and in foraging behavior, which vary from active to «sit-and-wait». In this study, we compared the morphology of the fingers and claws of these lizards species with the different behaviors. The species that showed higher degree of arboreality (T. torquatus and M. macrorhyncha) had the 4th finger of the forelimb as the largest, while the other species had the 3rd. This seems to give some advantage for vertical sustains of the arboreal species. All species had the 4th finger as the largest of the hind limb. The two scincids (M. agilis and M. macrorhyncha) had more curved and shorter claws, which appears to aid in the climbing on the leaves of the bromeliad Neoregelia cruenta. In addition, the claws of the essentially ground-dwelling species were larger than in the other species, suggesting that larger claws give some advantage for support on sand (providing a better impulse and speed), in the excavation of burrows, in the defense against predators, in the dispute for foraging ranges and in mate selection. In this study, the foraging strategy does not seem to be related to the absolute size of the fingers of the lizards, but with relative differences in the fingers of the forelimbs Estudiamos algunas relaciones ecomorfológicas en seis especies de lagartos (Ameiva ameiva, Cnemidophorus littoralis, Tropidurus torquatus, Liolaemus lutzae, Mabuya agilis y M. macrorhyncha) de la Restinga de la Barra de Maricá, RJ. Estas especies poseen marcadas diferencias en la utilización del microhabitat y en el comportamiento en la búsqueda de alimento, que varía de activo a «sienta-y-espera». Comparamos la morfología de los dedos y de las garras de especies de lagartos con estos comportamientos diferentes. Las especies que mostraron el grado más alto de arborealidad (T. torquatus e M. macrorhyncha) tenían el 4º dedo del miembro anterior como el más grande, y las otras especies tenían el 3º. Esto parece otorgarle una ventaja para la sustentación vertical de las especies arboreas. Todas las especies tenían el 4º dedo como el más grande del miembro posterior. Los dos scincídeos (M. agilis e M. macrorhyncha) tenían garras más cortas y curvas, que parecen ajudarle para la escalada de las hojas de la bromelia Neoregelia cruenta. Adicionalmente, las garras de las especies esencialmente terrícolas son mayores que las de otras especies, sugeriendo que garras mayores confieren un mejor apoyo en la arena (dándole mejor impulso y velocidad), en la excavación de escondrijos, en la defensa contra los predadores, en la disputa por sitios de alimentación y en la selección sexual. En el estudio, la estrategia de alimentarse no parece estar relacionada con el tamaño absoluto de los dedos de los lagartos, pero sí con las diferenciass relativas en los dedos de los miembros anteriores
- Published
- 2001
29. A biomechanical approach on the optimal stance of Anhanguera piscator (Pterodactyloidea) and its implications for pterosaur gait on land.
- Author
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Costa, Fabiana Rodrigues, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, and Kellner, Alexander Wilhelm Armin
- Subjects
- *
BIOMECHANICS , *PTERODACTYLS , *PTEROSAURIA , *HINDLIMB , *FORENSIC osteology - Abstract
The stance of pterosaurs on land is traditionally a controversial question. Here, we show that pterosaurs likeAnhanguera piscatorwere quadrupeds. An osteological model ofA. piscatorwas three-dimensionally built in digital space. The reconstructed muscles of its pelvic girdle were then placed on their points of origin and insertion to allow the biomechanical calculations to find the most efficient stance on land to be performed. The hindlimb readjustment (i.e. the repositioning of the hindlimb according to the achieved results) led to a pelvic counterclockwise displacement at 10°, which means that the ilium previously placed at 0° regarding an axis parallel to the ground was moved (and so the whole pelvis) 10° up from the preacetabular process. This new position preventsA. piscatorfrom having a fully upright stance. A 10° displacement of the pelvic girdle would compel the forelimbs to be highly sprawled. Therefore, this study affordsA. piscatorhaving a quadrupedal gait and demonstrates that a bipedal stance is not viable once the lever arm values decrease abruptly both for extensor and flexor muscles during the femoral extension. This is the first time this approach is used to shed light on this question. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Comparative study on the forefoot and hindfoot intrinsic muscles of some cavioidea rodents (Mammalia, Rodentia)
- Author
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Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, Loguercio, Mariana F.C., Renous, Sabine, and Gasc, Jean-Pierre
- Subjects
- *
COMPARATIVE studies , *RODENTS , *CAPYBARA , *MUSCLES - Abstract
Abstract: The present study compares the forefoot and hindfoot musculature of five representative species of Cavioidea rodents. In all species, the musculature of both forefeet and hindfeet have the same array regardless of the absence of digit I in the manus of Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris and Cavia porcellus. Our results suggest a tendency in these species towards a three-digit system, with a functional loss of digit V and a predominance of digit III in their forefeet. In the same way, the muscular reduction of digit I in the other rodents analyzed indicates a four-digit system with predominance of digit II in Myoprocta acouchy and Dasyprocta leporina and of digit V in Agouti paca. There seems to be an association between the muscular arrangement and functional axis of the foot, raising the general question why this axis runs between the third and forth digit, or along the third digit. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Geometry and parallelism in the long bones of rodents and ungulates
- Author
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Casinos, Adrià, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, and Gálvez-López, Eloy
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. First record of Drymoreomys albimaculatus Percequillo, Weksler & Costa, 2011 (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae) in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil.
- Author
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Delciellos, Ana Cláudia, Aguieiras, Márcia, Geise, Lena, Weksler, Marcelo, and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Subjects
- *
RODENTS , *SPECIES distribution - Abstract
Here we report the first record of Drymoreomys albimaculatus Percequillo, Weksler & Costa, 2011 (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae) in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. One specimen was captured at Serra da Bocaina National Park, municipality of Paraty. The specimen was captured in a pitfall trap, in a mixed habitat of forest and bamboo. The karyotype showed 2n = 62 and FN = 62, which is similar to the previously described for the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Age and Sex-Related Geometrical Variation of Ramus mandibulae of Sus scrofa's (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) Jaws.
- Author
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Hohl, Leandro dos S. L., Sicuro, Fernando L., Azorit, Concepción, Carrasco, Rafael, and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Subjects
- *
MANDIBULAR ramus , *MAMMALS , *ARTIODACTYLA microbiology , *MORPHOLOGY , *BOARS - Abstract
Morphological variation of the ramus mandibulae of wild Sus scrofa was described and correlated to sex and age differences. Young forms (n=27, 15 males, 12 females) and adults (n=23, 13 males, 10 females) were analyzed through Geometric Morphometrics (2-D) to assess differences between groups. We found significant differences between age- and sex-related shape variations at ramus mandibulae level. Young wild boars present bulky angular process with backward oriented coronoid process, while adults show slender jaw vertical ramus, and orthogonally oriented coronoid process. The ramus mandibulae in female wild boars is more robust and bulky than in males. The morphological changes between young and adult forms are related to alterations in the osteo-muscular jaw complex along wild boars ontogeny. The jaw morphological variations observed in adult wild boars could also be related to dietary differences between sexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Mammals of Serra da Bocaina National Park, state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil.
- Author
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Delciellos, Ana Cláudia, Morim Novaes, Roberto Leonan, de Castro Loguercio, Mariana Fiuza, Geise, Lena, Tadeu Santori, Ricardo, de^França Souza, Renan, Papi, Bernardo Silveira, Raíces, Daniel, Vieira, Nadjha Rezende, Felix, Saulo, Detogne, Nathalia, da Silva, Cleber Christianes Souza, de Godoy Bergallo, Helena, and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Subjects
- *
MAMMALS , *ANIMAL diversity , *ENDANGERED species , *RODENTS , *HUNTING & the environment , *BLARINOMYS breviceps - Abstract
Here we present a commented list of mammals registered in the Serra da Bocaina National Park. Three field trips (February, 2010, and May and July, 2011) were accomplished along the RJ-165 highway in the Municipality of Paraty, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Forty-eight species belonging to nine orders were recorded. The local mammal fauna could be considered diverse and rich, with some species regarded as biological indicators of habitat quality. Endangered and rare rodent species like Blarinomys breviceps, Juliomys rimofrons, and Thaptomys nigrita were captured. Road and hunting impacts on mammals are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Growth, Shedding and Food Intake in Captive Eunectes murinus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Serpentes: Boidae).
- Author
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Lamonica, Rita. Cássia, Abrahão-Charles, Henrique, de Castro Loguercio, Mariana Fiuza, and Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar
- Subjects
- *
ANIMAL morphology , *ANACONDA , *EUNECTES , *BIOMETRY , *INGESTION , *ECDYSIS , *REPTILE physiology , *ONTOGENY - Abstract
The anaconda Eunectes murinus (Linnaeus, 1758) inhabits large hydrographic basins in tropical America and figures among the world's largest snakes, attaining a length of 12 m. This study analyzed the growth of three female anaconda siblings, with records from their birth in captivity up to around 14 months of age. The snakes were kept in a controlled environment with constant temperature and data related to biometry, feeding and skin shedding were recorded. At the end of these 445 days, the siblings had grown on average 2.6 times their initial length and increased their initial weight by 3830.10g, incorporating about 43.5% of total food ingested to their body mass. They showed a total of 0.69 skin sheddings per month in that period, and did not exhibit significant differences in shedding intervals, nor in body growth (weight and length), when compared among themselves. Food was refused at times, coinciding with the days that preceded the ecdyses. Sheddings do not seem to be explained by feeding or growth, which suggests a relation to other endogenous factors. A more detailed study of this species is needed to better understand its growth to the adult phase and its hormonal levels during growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
36. Juliomys rimofrons Oliveira and Bonvicino, 2002 (Rodentia: Cricetidae): Distribution extension.
- Author
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Fonseca, Raul, Bergallo, Helena Godoy, Delciellos, Ana Cláudia, Rocha-Barbosa, Oscar, and Geise, Lena
- Subjects
- *
CRICETIDAE , *BIOGEOGRAPHY , *SPECIES , *RODENTS , *MORPHOLOGY , *NATIONAL parks & reserves - Abstract
Until now, Juliomys rimofrons Oliveira and Bonvicino, 2002 has been known only from the type locality, the county of Itamonte, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Based on morphological and karyological examinations, in this study we identified two new records for this species. Both records correspond to individuals collected at Serra da Bocaina National Park, in the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, Brazil. These records increase the species' geographic range southwards, approximately 100 km from the type locality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Locomotion and morphological adaptations in the glass lizard Ophiodes cf. fragilis (Raddi, 1820) (Squamata: Anguidae).
- Author
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Oliveira PR, Rocha-Barbosa O, Almeida VG, Souza TT, Santos JADD, and Sousa BM
- Subjects
- Animals, Hindlimb anatomy & histology, Hindlimb physiology, Lizards anatomy & histology, Lizards physiology, Lizards classification, Locomotion physiology, Adaptation, Physiological physiology
- Abstract
There are few studies related to the biological and ecological aspects of the glass snake, a limbless lizard and with a wide geographic distribution. The aim of this study was to analyze the locomotion mode of specimens of Ophiodes cf. fragilis in different substrates and to investigate the morphological adaptations associated with this type of behavior. We observed that the analyzed specimens presented slide-push locomotion modes and lateral undulation in different substrates, using their hind limbs to aid locomotion in three of the four substrates analyzed. The bones of the hind limbs (proximal - femur - and distal - tibia and fibula) were present and highly reduced and the femur is connected to a thin pelvic girdle. Our data support that hind limbs observed in species of this genus are reduced rather than vestigial. The costocutaneous musculature was macroscopically absent. This is the first study of locomotor behavior and morphology associated with locomotion in Ophiodes, providing important information for studies on morphological evolution in the genus.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Camera trap surveys of Atlantic Forest mammals: A data set for analyses considering imperfect detection (2004-2020).
- Author
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Franceschi IC, Dornas RADP, Lermen IS, Coelho AVP, Vilas Boas AH, Chiarello AG, Paglia AP, de Souza AC, Borsekowsky AR, Rocha A, Bager A, de Souza AZ, Lopes AMC, de Moura AS, Ferreira AS, García-Olaechea A, Delciellos AC, Bacellar AEF, Campelo AKN, Paschoal AMO, Rolim AC, da Silva ALF, Lanna AM, da Silva AP, Guimarães A, Cardoso Â, Cassol AS, da Costa-Pinto AL, do Nascimento AGS, Fernandes AS, Clyvia A, Santos ABD, Lima-Silva B, Beisiegel BM, Luciano BFL, Leopoldo BF, Krobel BN, Kubiak BB, Saranholi BH, Correa BS, Sant Anna Teixeira C, Ayroza CR, Cassano CR, Benitez-Riveros C, Gestich CC, Tedesco CD, Gheler-Costa C, Hegel CGZ, Evangelista Junior CDS, Ferreira CEMF, Grelle CEV, Esteves CF, Espinosa CDC, Leuchtenberger C, Sanchéz-Lalinde C, Machado CIC, Andreazzi C, Bueno C, Cronemberger de Faria C, Novaes C, Widmer CE, Santos CC, Ferraz DDS, Galiano D, Bôlla DAS, Behs D, Rodrigues DP, de Melo DP, Ramos DMS, de Mattia DL, Pavei DD, Loretto D, Huning DDS, Dias DM, Paetzhold ÉR, Rios E, Setz EZF, Cazetta E, Cafofo Silva EG, Pasa E, Saito EN, de Aguiar EFS, Castro ÉP, Viveiros de Castro EB, Pedó E, Pereira FA, Bolzan F, Roque FO, Mazim FD, Comin FH, Maffei F, Peters FB, Fantacini FM, da Silva FP, Machado FS, Vélez-Garcia F, Lage FSD, Perini FA, Passos FC, Carvalho F, de Azevedo FCC, Ferreira F, de Pinho FF, Chaves FG, Miranda FR, Rodrigues FHG, Ubaid FK, Gabriel FH, de Souza FL, de Oliveira FV, Cupolillo G, Moreira GAP, Mette G, Duarte GT, Beca G, Corso G, Perbiche-Neves G, Souto GHBO, Vilarroel GJDS, Batista GO, Ferreira GB, Toledo GADC, Senger G, Bergallo HG, Dos Santos HCP, Gazola HA, Melo I, Brack IV, Veríssimo I, Viana IR, Laurentino IC, Diehl JL, Zocche JJ, Martins-Silva J, Just JPG, Cherem JJ, Nascimento JL, Marinho JR, Dantas JO, de Matos JR, Pires JSR, Cerveira JF, Ruiz-Esparza J, da Silva JP, Bogoni JA, Molina KT, Pereira KDL, Ceron K, de Vleeschouwer K, Lautenschlager L, Bailey L, Fornitano L, Rampim LE, Sforza L, Bissa LG, Santucci LM, da Silva LG, Perillo LN, Correa LR, Hufnagel L, Alberti LF, Recalde Mello LJ, Bernardo LRR, Oliveira-Santos LGR, Guimarães LN, Benchimol M, Twardowschy MC, Ferreira-Riveros M, da Silva M, Jardim MMA, Fontes MAL, Tortato MA, do Nascimento MT, Sekiama ML, Nascimento-Costa MC, Dos Santos MEB, Morini MSC, Nagy-Reis MB, Kaizer MDC, Sant'Anna MJRDS, Hartmann MT, Favarini MO, Olivo MO, Montes MA, Alvaréz MRDV, Haddad MF, Costa MD, Graipel ME, Konzen MQ, Galetti M, Almeida MOS, Faria MB, Luiz MR, Baptista MNDM, Marini MÂ, Ribeiro MC, Olifiers N, de Albuquerque NM, Cantero N, Peroni N, Zanella N, Mendonça-Furtado O, Pays O, Ferretti OE, Rocha-Barbosa O, Santos PM, de Farias PM, da Rocha PA, Colas-Rosas PF, Ribeiro-Souza P, Ferracioli P, Hartmann PA, Antas PTZ, Ribeiro P, Tomasi Sarti P, Mônico PI, de Castilho PV, Pereira PBM, Crawshaw PG Jr, Renaud PC, Romagna RS, de Sousa RTM, Spagnol RS, Beltrão-Mendes R, Mariano RF, Rocha RR, Sousa-Lima R, Pagotto RV, de Faria RT, Arrais RC, Moratelli R, Sartorello R, Bianchi RC, Guimarães RC, Massara RL, Costa RT, Marques RV, Nunes RMR, Hartz SM, Silvestre de Sousa SM, Lima SR, Barbosa SL, Godoy SN, Ferrari SF, de Araújo-Piovezan TG, Góes TL, Trigo TC, de Freitas TRO, Maccarini TB, de Castro TM, Bella TR, de Oliveira Junior TM, Cunha UM, Kanaan VT, Pfannerstill V, Pimentel VS, Picinatto Filho V, Alves VN, Rojas-Bonzi V, Mottin V, Rocha VJ, Kindel A, and Coelho IP
- Subjects
- Animals, Photography, Biodiversity, Conservation of Natural Resources methods, Mammals physiology, Forests
- Abstract
Camera traps became the main observational method of a myriad of species over large areas. Data sets from camera traps can be used to describe the patterns and monitor the occupancy, abundance, and richness of wildlife, essential information for conservation in times of rapid climate and land-cover changes. Habitat loss and poaching are responsible for historical population losses of mammals in the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot, especially for medium to large-sized species. Here we present a data set from camera trap surveys of medium to large-sized native mammals (>1 kg) across the Atlantic Forest. We compiled data from 5380 ground-level camera trap deployments in 3046 locations, from 2004 to 2020, resulting in 43,068 records of 58 species. These data add to existing data sets of mammals in the Atlantic Forest by including dates of camera operation needed for analyses dealing with imperfect detection. We also included, when available, information on important predictors of detection, namely the camera brand and model, use of bait, and obstruction of camera viewshed that can be measured from example pictures at each camera location. Besides its application in studies on the patterns and mechanisms behind occupancy, relative abundance, richness, and detection, the data set presented here can be used to study species' daily activity patterns, activity levels, and spatiotemporal interactions between species. Moreover, data can be used combined with other data sources in the multiple and expanding uses of integrated population modeling. An R script is available to view summaries of the data set. We expect that this data set will be used to advance the knowledge of mammal assemblages and to inform evidence-based solutions for the conservation of the Atlantic Forest. The data are not copyright restricted; please cite this paper when using the data., (© 2024 The Ecological Society of America.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Body and skull morphometric variations between two shovel-headed species of Amphisbaenia (Reptilia: Squamata) with morphofunctional inferences on burrowing.
- Author
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Dos Santos Lima Hohl L, Loguercio MFC, Sicuro FL, Duarte de Barros-Filho J, and Rocha-Barbosa O
- Abstract
Background: Morphological descriptions comparing Leposternon microcephalum and L. scutigerum have been made previously. However, these taxa lack a formal quantitative morphological characterization, and comparative studies suggest that morphology and burrowing performance are be related. The excavatory movements of L. microcephalum have been described in detail. However, there is a lack of studies comparing locomotor patterns and/or performance among different amphisbaenids sharing the same skull shape. This paper presents the first study of comparative morphometric variations between two closely related amphisbaenid species, L. microcephalum and L. scutigerum, with functional inferences on fossorial locomotion efficiency., Methods: Inter-specific morphometric variations were verified through statistical analyses of body and cranial measures of L. microcephalum and L. scutigerum specimens. Their burrowing activity was assessed through X-ray videofluoroscopy and then compared. The influence of morphological variation on the speed of digging was tested among Leposternon individuals., Results: Leposternon microcephalum and L. scutigerum are morphometrically distinct species. The first is shorter and robust with a wider head while the other is more elongated and slim with a narrower head. They share the same excavatory movements. The animals analyzed reached relatively high speeds, but individuals with narrower skulls dug faster. A negative correlation between the speed and the width of skull was determined, but not with total length or diameter of the body., Discussion: The morphometric differences between L. microcephalum and L. scutigerum are in accord with morphological variations previously described. Since these species performed the same excavation pattern, we may infer that closely related amphisbaenids with the same skull type would exhibit the same excavatory pattern. The negative correlation between head width and excavation speed is also observed in others fossorial squamates. The robustness of the skull is also related to compression force in L. microcephalum . Individuals with wider heads are stronger. Thus, we suggest trade-offs between excavation speed and compression force during burrowing in this species., Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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