135 results on '"Schneider, Moritz"'
Search Results
2. VSCF/VCI theory based on the Podolsky Hamiltonian.
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Schneider, Moritz and Rauhut, Guntram
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SELF-consistent field theory , *VIBRATIONAL spectra , *CURVILINEAR coordinates , *MOLECULAR clusters , *MOLECULAR spectra , *KINETIC energy - Abstract
While the vibrational spectra of semi-rigid molecules can be computed on approaches relying on the Watson Hamiltonian, floppy molecules or molecular clusters are better described by Hamiltonians, which are capable of dealing with any curvilinear coordinates. It is the kinetic energy operator (KEO) of these Hamiltonians, which render the correlated calculations relying on them rather costly. Novel implementation of vibrational self-consistent field theory and vibrational configuration interaction theory on the basis of the Podolsky Hamiltonian are reported, in which the inverse of the metric tensor, i.e., the G matrix, is represented by an n-mode expansion expressed in terms of polynomials. An analysis of the importance of the individual terms of the KEO with respect to the truncation orders of the n-mode expansion is provided. Benchmark calculations have been performed for the cis-HOPO and methanimine, H2CNH, molecules and are compared to experimental data and to calculations based on the Watson Hamiltonian and the internal coordinate path Hamiltonian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Ventilation and perfusion MRI at a 0.35 T MR-Linac: feasibility and reproducibility study
- Author
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Klaar, Rabea, Rabe, Moritz, Gaass, Thomas, Schneider, Moritz J., Benlala, Ilyes, Eze, Chukwuka, Corradini, Stefanie, Belka, Claus, Landry, Guillaume, Kurz, Christopher, and Dinkel, Julien
- Published
- 2023
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4. Experimental characterization of four ionization chamber types in magnetic fields including intra-type variation
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Frick, Stephan, Schneider, Moritz, Kapsch, Ralf-Peter, and Thorwarth, Daniela
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- 2024
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5. Liver Investigation: Testing Marker Utility in Steatohepatitis (LITMUS): Assessment & validation of imaging modality performance across the NAFLD spectrum in a prospectively recruited cohort study (the LITMUS imaging study): Study protocol
- Author
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Pavlides, Michael, Mózes, Ferenc E., Akhtar, Salma, Wonders, Kristy, Cobbold, Jeremy, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth M., Allison, Michael, Godfrey, Edmund M., Aithal, Guruprasad P., Francis, Susan, Romero-Gomez, Manuel, Castell, Javier, Fernandez-Lizaranzu, Isabel, Aller, Rocio, González, Rebeca Sigüenza, Agustin, Salvador, Pericàs, Juan M., Boursier, Jerome, Aube, Christophe, Ratziu, Vlad, Wagner, Mathilde, Petta, Salvatore, Antonucci, Michela, Bugianesi, Elisabetta, Faletti, Riccardo, Miele, Luca, Geier, Andreas, Schattenberg, Jörn M., Tilman, Emrich, Ekstedt, Mattias, Lundberg, Peter, Berzigotti, Annalisa, Huber, Adrian T., Papatheodoridis, George, Yki-Järvinen, Hannele, Porthan, Kimmo, Schneider, Moritz Jörg, Hockings, Paul, Shumbayawonda, Elizabeth, Banerjee, Rajarshi, Pepin, Kay, Kalutkiewicz, Mike, Ehman, Richard L., Trylesinksi, Aldo, Coxson, Harvey O., Martic, Miljen, Yunis, Carla, Tuthill, Theresa, Bossuyt, Patrick M., Anstee, Quentin M., Neubauer, Stefan, and Harrison, Stephen
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- 2023
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6. A resilience glossary shaped by context: Reviewing resilience-related terms for critical infrastructures
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Mentges, Andrea, Halekotte, Lukas, Schneider, Moritz, Demmer, Tobias, and Lichte, Daniel
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- 2023
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7. Performance of non-invasive tests and histology for the prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an individual participant data meta-analysis
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Anstee, Quentin M, Daly, Ann K, Govaere, Olivier, Cockell, Simon, Tiniakos, Dina, Bedossa, Pierre, Burt, Alastair, Oakley, Fiona, Cordell, Heather J, Day, Christopher P, Wonders, Kristy, Missier, Paolo, McTeer, Matthew, Vale, Luke, Oluboyede, Yemi, Breckons, Matt, Bossuyt, Patrick M, Zafarmand, Hadi, Vali, Yasaman, Lee, Jenny, Nieuwdorp, Max, Holleboom, Adriaan G, Verheij, Joanne, Ratziu, Vlad, Clément, Karine, Patino-Navarrete, Rafael, Pais, Raluca, Paradis, Valerie, Schuppan, Detlef, Schattenberg, Jörn M, Surabattula, Rambabu, Myneni, Sudha, Straub, Beate K, Vidal-Puig, Toni, Vacca, Michele, Rodrigues-Cuenca, Sergio, Allison, Mike, Kamzolas, Ioannis, Petsalaki, Evangelia, Campbell, Mark, Lelliott, Chris J, Davies, Susan, Orešič, Matej, Hyötyläinen, Tuulia, McGlinchey, Aiden, Mato, Jose M, Millet, Óscar, Dufour, Jean-François, Berzigotti, Annalisa, Masoodi, Mojgan, Pavlides, Michael, Harrison, Stephen, Neubauer, Stefan, Cobbold, Jeremy, Mozes, Ferenc, Akhtar, Salma, Olodo-Atitebi, Seliat, Banerjee, Rajarshi, Kelly, Matt, Shumbayawonda, Elizabeth, Dennis, Andrea, Andersson, Anneli, Wigley, Ioan, Romero-Gómez, Manuel, Gómez-González, Emilio, Ampuero, Javier, Castell, Javier, Gallego-Durán, Rocío, Fernández, Isabel, Montero-Vallejo, Rocío, Karsdal, Morten, Rasmussen, Daniel Guldager Kring, Leeming, Diana Julie, Sinisi, Antonia, Musa, Kishwar, Sandt, Estelle, Tonini, Manuela, Bugianesi, Elisabetta, Rosso, Chiara, Armandi, Angelo, Marra, Fabio, Gastaldelli, Amalia, Svegliati, Gianluca, Boursier, Jérôme, Francque, Sven, Vonghia, Luisa, Driessen, Ann, Ekstedt, Mattias, Kechagias, Stergios, Yki-Järvinen, Hannele, Porthan, Kimmo, Arola, Johanna, van Mil, Saskia, Papatheodoridis, George, Cortez-Pinto, Helena, Rodrigues, Cecilia M P, Valenti, Luca, Pelusi, Serena, Petta, Salvatore, Pennisi, Grazia, Miele, Luca, Geier, Andreas, Trautwein, Christian, Reißing, Johanna, Aithal, Guruprasad P, Francis, Susan, Palaniyappan, Naaventhan, Bradley, Christopher, Hockings, Paul, Schneider, Moritz, Newsome, Philip, Hübscher, Stefan, Wenn, David, Rosenquist, Christian, Trylesinski, Aldo, Mayo, Rebeca, Alonso, Cristina, Duffin, Kevin, Perfield, James W, Chen, Yu, Yunis, Carla, Tuthill, Theresa, Harrington, Magdalena Alicia, Miller, Melissa, Chen, Yan, McLeod, Euan James, Ross, Trenton, Bernardo, Barbara, Schölch, Corinna, Ertle, Judith, Younes, Ramy, Oldenburger, Anouk, Coxson, Harvey, Ostroff, Rachel, Alexander, Leigh, Biegel, Hannah, Kjær, Mette Skalshøi, Harder, Lea Mørch, Davidsen, Peter, Ellegaard, Jens, Balp, Maria-Magdalena, Brass, Clifford, Jennings, Lori, Martic, Miljen, Löffler, Jürgen, Applegate, Douglas, Shankar, Sudha, Torstenson, Richard, Lindén, Daniel, Fournier-Poizat, Céline, Llorca, Anne, Kalutkiewicz, Michael, Pepin, Kay, Ehman, Richard, Horan, Gerald, Ho, Gideon, Tai, Dean, Chng, Elaine, Patterson, Scott D, Billin, Andrew, Doward, Lynda, Twiss, James, Thakker, Paresh, Derdak, Zoltan, Landgren, Henrik, Lackner, Carolin, Gouw, Annette, Hytiroglou, Prodromos, Mózes, Ferenc E, Lee, Jenny A, Alzoubi, Osama, Staufer, Katharina, Trauner, Michael, Paternostro, Rafael, Stauber, Rudolf E, van Dijk, Anne-Marieke, Mak, Anne Linde, de Saint Loup, Marc, Shima, Toshihide, Gaia, Silvia, Shalimar, Lupșor-Platon, Monica, Wong, Vincent Wai-Sun, Li, Guanlin, Wong, Grace Lai-Hung, Karlas, Thomas, Wiegand, Johannes, Sebastiani, Giada, Tsochatzis, Emmanuel, Liguori, Antonio, Yoneda, Masato, Nakajima, Atsushi, Hagström, Hannes, Akbari, Camilla, Hirooka, Masashi, Chan, Wah-Kheong, Mahadeva, Sanjiv, Rajaram, Ruveena, Zheng, Ming-Hua, George, Jacob, Eslam, Mohammed, Viganò, Mauro, Ridolfo, Sofia, Aithal, Guruprasad Padur, Lee, Dae Ho, Nasr, Patrik, Cassinotto, Christophe, de Lédinghen, Victor, Mendoza, Yuly P, Noureddin, Mazen, Truong, Emily, and Harrison, Stephen A
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- 2023
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8. Slice2Volume: Fusion of multimodal medical imaging and light microscopy data of irradiation-injured brain tissue in 3D
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Soltwedel, Johannes, Suckert, Theresa, Beyreuther, Elke, Schneider, Moritz, Boucsein, Marc, Bodenstein, Elisabeth, Nexhipi, Sindi, Stolz-Kieslich, Liane, Krause, Mechthild, von Neubeck, Cläre, Haase, Robert, Lühr, Armin, and Dietrich, Antje
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- 2023
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9. Online Adaptive MR-Guided Ultrahypofractionated Radiotherapy of Prostate Cancer on a 1.5 T MR-Linac: Clinical Experience and Prospective Evaluation.
- Author
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Potkrajcic, Vlatko, Gani, Cihan, Fischer, Stefan Georg, Boeke, Simon, Niyazi, Maximilian, Thorwarth, Daniela, Voigt, Otilia, Schneider, Moritz, Mönnich, David, Kübler, Sarah, Boldt, Jessica, Hoffmann, Elgin, Paulsen, Frank, Mueller, Arndt-Christian, and Wegener, Daniel
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CANCER radiotherapy ,RADIOTHERAPY ,PROSTATE cancer ,PROSTATE cancer patients ,TREATMENT failure ,TREATMENT duration - Abstract
The use of hypofractionated radiotherapy in prostate cancer has been increasingly evaluated, whereas accumulated evidence demonstrates comparable oncologic outcomes and toxicity rates compared to normofractionated radiotherapy. In this prospective study, we evaluate all patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer treated with ultrahypofractionated (UHF) MRI-guided radiotherapy on a 1.5 T MR-Linac within our department and report on workflow and feasibility, as well as physician-recorded and patient-reported longitudinal toxicity. A total of 23 patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer treated on the 1.5 T MR-Linac with a dose of 42.7 Gy in seven fractions (seven MV step-and-shoot IMRT) were evaluated within the MRL-01 study (NCT04172753). The duration of each treatment step, choice of workflow (adapt to shape-ATS or adapt to position-ATP) and technical and/or patient-sided treatment failure were recorded for each fraction and patient. Acute and late toxicity were scored according to RTOG and CTC V4.0, as well as the use of patient-reported questionnaires. The median follow-up was 12.4 months. All patients completed the planned treatment. The mean duration of a treatment session was 38.2 min. In total, 165 radiotherapy fractions were delivered. ATS was performed in 150 fractions, 5 fractions were delivered using ATP, and 10 fractions were delivered using both ATS and ATP workflows. Severe acute bother (G3+) regarding IPS-score was reported in five patients (23%) at the end of radiotherapy. However, this tended to normalize and no G3+ IPS-score was observed later at any point during follow-up. Furthermore, no other severe genitourinary (GU) or gastrointestinal (GI) acute or late toxicity was observed. One-year biochemical-free recurrence survival was 100%. We report the excellent feasibility of UHF MR-guided radiotherapy for intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients and acceptable toxicity rates in our preliminary study. Randomized controlled studies with long-term follow-up are warranted to detect possible advantages over current state-of-the-art RT techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Positioning of grid points for spanning potential energy surfaces—How much effort is really needed?
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Schneider, Moritz, Born, Daniel, Kästner, Johannes, and Rauhut, Guntram
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POTENTIAL energy surfaces , *KRIGING - Abstract
The positions of grid points for representing a multidimensional potential energy surface (PES) have a non-negligible impact on its accuracy and the associated computational effort for its generation. Six different positioning schemes were studied for PESs represented by n-mode expansions as needed for the accurate calculation of anharmonic vibrational frequencies by means of vibrational configuration interaction theory. A static approach, which has successfully been used in many applications, and five adaptive schemes based on Gaussian process regression have been investigated with respect to the number of necessary grid points and the accuracy of the fundamental modes for a small set of test molecules. A comparison with a related, more sophisticated, and consistent approach by Christiansen et al. is provided. The impact of the positions of the ab initio grid points is discussed for multilevel PESs, for which the computational effort of the individual electronic structure calculations decreases for increasing orders of the n-mode expansion. As a result of that, the ultimate goal is not the maximal reduction of grid points but rather the computational cost, which is not directly related. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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11. Super-convergent implicit–explicit Peer methods with variable step sizes
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Schneider, Moritz, Lang, Jens, and Weiner, Rüdiger
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- 2021
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12. Consensus-based technical recommendations for clinical translation of renal diffusion-weighted MRI
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Ljimani, Alexandra, Caroli, Anna, Laustsen, Christoffer, Francis, Susan, Mendichovszky, Iosif Alexandru, Bane, Octavia, Nery, Fabio, Sharma, Kanishka, Pohlmann, Andreas, Dekkers, Ilona A., Vallee, Jean-Paul, Derlin, Katja, Notohamiprodjo, Mike, Lim, Ruth P., Palmucci, Stefano, Serai, Suraj D., Periquito, Joao, Wang, Zhen Jane, Froeling, Martijn, Thoeny, Harriet C., Prasad, Pottumarthi, Schneider, Moritz, Niendorf, Thoralf, Pullens, Pim, Sourbron, Steven, and Sigmund, Eric E.
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- 2020
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13. Extrapolation-based super-convergent implicit-explicit Peer methods with A-stable implicit part
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Schneider, Moritz, Lang, Jens, and Hundsdorfer, Willem
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- 2018
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14. Uncertainties of ISO 3382-3 sound pressure level quantities
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Schneider Moritz, Selzer Jan, Rissler Jörg, Wolff Andrea, and Schelle Florian
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office ,uncertainty ,classification ,iso 3382-3 ,gum ,Acoustics in engineering. Acoustical engineering ,TA365-367 ,Acoustics. Sound ,QC221-246 - Abstract
The ISO 3382-3 standard uses the measurable sound pressure based parameters D2,S and Lp,A,S,4 m to describe the acoustic properties of open-plan offices. As yet however, no treatment of the measurement uncertainty of these parameters according to the Guide to the expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) is to be found in the peer-reviewed literature. This technical note therefore describes how the measurement uncertainty can be declared according to GUM. The mathematical framework presented here can be used and expanded by other laboratories to derive their own uncertainty estimates. It is also applied in this document to 44 measurements yielding combined uncertainties for D2,S of 0.55 dB ≤ σc,D2,S$ {\sigma }_{c,{D}_{2,\mathrm{S}}}$ ≤ 0.67 dB and for Lp,A,S,4 m of 0.19 dB ≤ σc,Lp,A,S,4 m$ {\sigma }_{c,{L}_{p,\mathrm{A},\mathrm{S},4\enspace \mathrm{m}}}$ ≤ 0.83 dB. The implications of this result are discussed with regard to limit values in technical regulations.
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- 2021
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15. On (the Lack of) Code Confidentiality in Trusted Execution Environments
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Puddu, Ivan, Schneider, Moritz, Lain, Daniele, Boschetto, Stefano, and Čapkun, Srdjan
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ,Cryptography and Security (cs.CR) - Abstract
Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) have been proposed as a solution to protect code confidentiality in scenarios where computation is outsourced to an untrusted operator. We study the resilience of such solutions to side-channel attacks in two commonly deployed scenarios: when a confidential code is a native binary that is shipped and executed within a TEE and when the confidential code is an intermediate representation (IR) executed on top of a runtime within a TEE. We show that executing IR code such as WASM bytecode on a runtime executing in a TEE leaks most IR instructions with high accuracy and therefore reveals the confidential code. Contrary to IR execution, native execution is much less susceptible to leakage and largely resists even the most powerful side-channel attacks. We evaluate native execution leakage in Intel SGX and AMD SEV and experimentally demonstrate end-to-end instruction extraction on Intel SGX, with WASM bytecode as IR executed within WAMR, a hybrid between a JIT compiler and interpreter developed by Intel. Our experiments show that IR code leakage from such systems is practical and therefore question the security claims of several commercial solutions which rely on TEEs+WASM for code confidentiality.
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- 2022
16. It’s TEEtime: Bringing User Sovereignty to Smartphones
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Groschupp, Friederike, Kuhne, Mark, Schneider, Moritz, Puddu, Ivan, Shinde, Shweta, and Capkun, Srdjan
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The majority of smartphones either run iOS or Android operating systems. This has created two distinct ecosystems largely controlled by Apple and Google - they dictate which applications can run, how they run, and what kind of phone resources they can access. Barring some exceptions in Android where different phone manufacturers may have influence, users, developers, and governments are left with little control. Specifically, users need to entrust their security and privacy to OS vendors and accept the functionality constraints they impose. Given the wide use of Android and iOS, immediately leaving these ecosystems is not practical, except in niche application areas. In this work, we propose a new smartphone architecture that securely transfers the control over the smartphone back to the users while maintaining compatibility with the existing smartphone ecosystems. Our architecture, named TEEtime, is based on ARMv8 and implements novel, TEE-based, resource and interrupt isolation mechanisms which allow the users to flexibly choose which resources (including peripherals) to dedicate to different isolated domains, namely, to legacy OSs and to user's proprietary software. We show the feasibility of our design by implementing a prototype of TEEtime on an ARM emulator.
- Published
- 2022
17. Correction to: Consensus-based technical recommendations for clinical translation of renal diffusion-weighted MRI
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Ljimani, Alexandra, Caroli, Anna, Laustsen, Christoffer, Francis, Susan, Mendichovszky, Iosif Alexandru, Bane, Octavia, Nery, Fabio, Sharma, Kanishka, Pohlmann, Andreas, Dekkers, Ilona A., Vallee, Jean-Paul, Derlin, Katja, Notohamiprodjo, Mike, Lim, Ruth P., Palmucci, Stefano, Serai, Suraj D., Periquito, Joao, Wang, Zhen Jane, Froeling, Martijn, Thoeny, Harriet C., Prasad, Pottumarthi, Schneider, Moritz, Niendorf, Thoralf, Pullens, Pim, Sourbron, Steven, and Sigmund, Eric E.
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- 2020
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18. Development and Evaluation of Digital Learning Tools Promoting Applicable Knowledge in Economics and German Teacher Education.
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Reichert-Schlax, Jasmin, Zlatkin-Troitschanskaia, Olga, Frank, Katharina, Brückner, Sebastian, Schneider, Moritz, and Müller, Anja
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DIGITAL learning ,ECONOMICS teachers ,DIGITAL technology ,TEACHER education ,EDUCATION research - Abstract
Digital teaching interventions allow for tailor-made university teaching. This is especially relevant for teacher education, where applicable professional teaching knowledge needs to be promoted for later professional success. Digital teaching tools have been shown to be a promising supplement for this purpose. Even though the corresponding demands in teacher education have been increasing in recent years, the need to develop digital learning tools usable in instruction is still urgent. The TWIND project develops digital learning tools for teacher education and evaluates them in a quasi-experimental design. The present work investigates the usability and application of these newly developed tools. Sixty-three trainee teachers worked independently over four weeks with one of two digital learning tools, focusing on either 'Multilingualism in Classrooms' or 'Professional Communication in Classrooms.' This study includes a pre-post-test of pedagogical knowledge facets as well as student and instructor ratings on the digital tools. The digital learning tools led to a positive change in the respective target facets of pedagogical knowledge. The student and instructor feedback reflected positively on the usability and usefulness of the new digital tools. Based on these findings, the limitations of the study as well as implications for further research and teacher education practice have been outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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19. A Probabilistic Approach to Dynamic Risk Scenario Identification
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Schneider, Moritz, Ramirez Agudelo, Oscar Hernan, Halekotte, Lukas, and Lichte, Daniel
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Emergency Management ,Scenario Identification ,Scenario Analysis ,Bayesian Network ,Risk Scenario ,Morphological Analysis ,Situation Awareness - Published
- 2022
20. Singleton-Based Two-String Inference in Recurrent Fuzzy Systems
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Schneider, Moritz and Adamy, Jürgen
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- 2014
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21. Validation of a method to differentiate arterial and venous vessels in CT perfusion data using linear combinations of quantitative time-density curve characteristics
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Havla, Lukas, Schneider, Moritz, Thierfelder, Kolja M., Beyer, Sebastian E., Ertl-Wagner, Birgit, Sommer, Wieland H., and Dietrich, Olaf
- Published
- 2015
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22. Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Suggests Normal Perfusion in Normal-Appearing White Matter in Multiple Sclerosis
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Ingrisch, Michael, Sourbron, Steven, Herberich, Sina, Schneider, Moritz Jörg, Kümpfel, Tania, Hohlfeld, Reinhard, Reiser, Maximilian F., and Ertl-Wagner, Birgit
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- 2017
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23. Percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation improves heart failure symptoms in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patients
- Author
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Gr��ger, Matthias, Scheffler, Jinny Karin, Sch��sser, Florian, Schneider, Moritz Leonhard, Rottbauer, Wolfgang, Markovi��, Sini��a, and Ke��ler, Mirjam
- Subjects
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction ,MitraClip ,Heart failure ,ddc:610 ,Mitralinsuffizienz ,Mitralklappe ,DDC 610 / Medicine & health ,Mitral regurgitation ,Mitral valve insufficiency ,Herzinsuffizienz - Abstract
Aims Therapeutic options for patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are sparse. Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a common feature of HFpEF and worsens heart failure symptoms and prognosis. Our study examines the outcome of patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and elevated left atrial (LAP) or left ventricular filling pressures (LVEDP), indicative of HFpEF, after undergoing percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (pMVR) for moderate��� severe MR. Methods and results Two hundred eleven patients with preserved LVEF (>50%), who underwent pMVR, were dichotomized by LAP ( ���15 mmHg) and LVEDP ( ���16 mmHg). Forty-nine per cent of patients showed elevated LAP, and LVEDP was elevated in 55%, both indicating HFpEF. Patients with elevated filling pressures featured typical clinical characteristics of HFpEF, higher N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels (5544.9 pg/mL in high LAP group vs. 3071.7 pg/mL in normal LAP group, P = 0.06; 5061.0 pg/mL in high LVEDP group vs. 3230.3 pg/mL in normal LVEDP group, P = 0.08), and higher prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure 36.4 mmHg in high LAP group vs. 26.3 mmHg in normal LAP group, P < 0.001; 35.2 mmHg in high LVEDP group vs. 29.7 mmHg in normal LVEDP group, P = 0.004) and atrial fibrillation (78.8% in normal LAP group vs. 61.0% in high LAP group, P = 0.04; 75.3% in high LVEDP group vs. 67.5% in normal LVEDP group, P = 0.25). Pre-treatment MR grade and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class were similar in both normal filling pressure and HFpEF groups. pMVR in HFpEF patients achieved effective heart failure symptom relief comparable with patients with normal filling pressures: significant decrease of MR grade and NYHA class, as well as significant reduction of heart failure hospitalizations 12 months after compared with 12 months before MitraClip. Conclusion Percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair for moderate���severe MR is an effective treatment option for symptom relief in HFpEF patients., publishedVersion
- Published
- 2021
24. Quantum chemical rovibrational analysis of aminoborane and its isotopologues.
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Schneider, Moritz and Rauhut, Guntram
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ANALYTICAL chemistry , *ISOTOPOLOGUES , *POTENTIAL energy surfaces , *COUPLED-cluster theory , *PERTURBATION theory - Abstract
Aminoborane, H2NBH2 and its isotopologues, H2N10BH2, D2NBD2, and D2N10BD2, have been studied by high‐level ab initio methods. All calculations rely on multidimensional potential energy surfaces and dipole moment surfaces including high‐order mode coupling terms, which have been obtained from electronic structure calculations at the level of explicitly correlated coupled‐cluster theory, CCSD(T)‐F12, or the distinguishable cluster approximation, DCSD. Subsequent vibrational structure calculations based on second‐order vibrational perturbation theory, VPT2, and vibrational configuration interaction theory, VCI, were used to determine rotational constants, centrifugal distortion constants, vibrationally averaged geometrical parameters and (an)harmonic vibrational frequencies. The impact of core‐correlation effects is discussed in detail. Rovibrational VCI calculations were used to simulate the gas phase spectra of these species and an in‐depth analysis of the ν7 band of aminoborane is provided. Color‐coding is used to reveal the identity of the individual progressions of the rovibrational transitions for this particular mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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25. Combined proton radiography and irradiation for highprecision preclinical studies in small animals.
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Schneider, Moritz, Bodenstein, Elisabeth, Bock, Johanna, Dietrich, Antje, Gantz, Sebastian, Heuchel, Lena, Krause, Mechthild, Lühr, Armin, von Neubeck, Cläre, Nexhipi, Sindi, Schürer, Michael, Tillner, Falk, Beyreuther, Elke, Suckert, Theresa, and Müller, Johannes Richard
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ONCOLOGY ,IMAGE quality in radiography ,RADIOGRAPHY ,IRRADIATION ,PROTONS ,EXPOSURE dose - Abstract
Background and purpose: Proton therapy has become a popular treatment modality in the field of radiooncology due to higher spatial dose conformity compared to conventional radiotherapy, which holds the potential to spare normal tissue. Nevertheless, unresolved research questions, such as the much debated relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of protons, call for preclinical research, especially regarding in vivo studies. To mimic clinical workflows, high-precision small animal irradiation setups with image-guidance are needed. Material and Methods: A preclinical experimental setup for small animal brain irradiation using proton radiographies was established to perform planning, repositioning, and irradiation of mice. The image quality of proton radiographies was optimized regarding the resolution, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and minimal dose deposition in the animal. Subsequently, proof-ofconcept histological analysis was conducted by staining for DNA doublestrand breaks that were then correlated to the delivered dose. Results: The developed setup and workflow allow precise brain irradiation with a lateral target positioning accuracy of<0.26mm for in vivo experiments at minimal imaging dose of<23mGy per mouse. The custom-made software for image registration enables the fast and precise animal positioning at the beam with low observer-variability. DNA damage staining validated the successful positioning and irradiation of the mouse hippocampus. Conclusion: Proton radiography enables fast and effective high-precision lateral alignment of proton beam and target volume in mouse irradiation experiments with limited dose exposure. In the future, this will enable irradiation of larger animal cohorts as well as fractionated proton irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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26. Sovereign Smartphone: To Enjoy Freedom We Have to Control Our Phones
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Groschupp, Friederike, Schneider, Moritz, Puddu, Ivan, Shinde, Shweta, and Capkun, Srdjan
- Abstract
The majority of smartphones either run iOS or Android operating systems. This has created two distinct ecosystems largely controlled by Apple and Google - they dictate which applications can run, how they run, and what kind of phone resources they can access. Barring some exceptions in Android where different phone manufacturers may have influence, users, developers, and governments are left with little to no choice. Specifically, users need to entrust their security and privacy to OS vendors and accept the functionality constraints they impose. Given the wide use of Android and iOS, immediately leaving these ecosystems is not practical, except in niche application areas. In this work, we draw attention to the magnitude of this problem and why it is an undesirable situation. As an alternative, we advocate the development of a new smartphone architecture that securely transfers the control back to the users while maintaining compatibility with the rich existing smartphone ecosystems. We propose and analyze one such design based on advances in trusted execution environments for ARM and RISC-V., arXiv
- Published
- 2021
27. L3Pilot - Code of Practice for the Development of Automated Driving Functions
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Cao, Yu, Griffon, Thibault, Fahrenkrog, Felix, Schneider, Moritz, Naujoks, Frederik, Tango, Fabio, Wolter, Stefan, Knapp, Andreas, Page, Yves, Mallada, Jorge Lorente, Dominioni, Giancarlo Caccia, Demirtzis, Elias, Giorelli, Michele, Fabello, Silvia, Frey, Fabian, Feng, Qi, Brunnegård, Oliver, Kucewicz, Adam, Whitehouse, Stuart, Hiller, Johannes, Bonarens, Frank, Schindhelm, Roland, Shi, Elisabeth, and Eberle, Ulrich
- Published
- 2021
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28. Well-Balanced and Asymptotic Preserving IMEX-Peer Methods
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Schneider, Moritz and Lang, Jens
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65L04, 65L06, 65M20 ,FOS: Mathematics ,Numerical Analysis (math.NA) ,Mathematics - Numerical Analysis - Abstract
Peer methods are a comprehensive class of time integrators offering numerous degrees of freedom in their coefficient matrices that can be used to ensure advantageous properties, e.g. A-stability or super-convergence. In this paper, we show that implicit-explicit (IMEX) Peer methods are well-balanced and asymptotic preserving by construction without additional constraints on the coefficients. These properties are relevant when solving (the space discretisation of) hyperbolic systems of balance laws, for example. Numerical examples confirm the theoretical results and illustrate the potential of IMEX-Peer methods., 8 pages, 1 figure
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- 2020
29. Sources of Risk of AI Systems.
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Steimers, André and Schneider, Moritz
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- 2022
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30. Success of concomitant surgical LAA closure in patients with AF undergoing open-heart surgery
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Schneider, Moritz Leonhard, Rottbauer, Wolfgang, and Skrabal, Christian
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LAA-specific stapler ,Vorhofflimmern ,Stroke ,Prevention and control ,Alternative AF therapy ,ddc:610 ,LAA occlusion ,Atrial fibrillation ,Surgery ,DDC 610 / Medicine & health ,Surgical left atrial appendage closure ,Herzchirurgie ,Atrial appendage - Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of supraventricular arrhythmia worldwide and associated with an increased risk of stroke. In over 90% of patients with AF that suffer an ischemic event thrombus formation originates from the left atrial appendage (LAA). Therefore, occlusion of the LAA seems to be a reasonable approach for stroke risk reduction. Several methods of surgical LAA closure have been practiced for decades, however, highly varying and mostly poor success rates have been reported. In this investigation, 100 adult patients with a history of AF undergoing open-heart surgery between August of 2013 and April of 2015 were treated with different methods of surgical LAA occlusion and prospectively assigned to receive follow-up by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) three and twelve months after the procedure. Due to the extremely poor success rate of the primarily exerted suturing techniques during the early follow-up period, device-driven therapy was performed in subsequent procedures whenever possible. No peri-operative adverse events related to LAA closure occurred. The findings of this study strongly confirm inappropriate success rates of surgical LAA occlusion using excluding suturing techniques as previously observed and show excellent results of a device-supported treatment. A direct comparison between the two largest study groups either treated with an external pledgeted purse-string suture or a stapling device that has not been evaluated in this fashion so far revealed the surgical technique to be the only strong predictor of successful LAA occlusion (13.8% versus 95.5% at 3-month follow-up and 13.3% versus 91.7% at 12-month follow-up; p
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- 2020
31. L3Pilot - Draft Code-of-Practice for Automated Driving and Results from Pilot Application of Draft CoP
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Fahrenkrog, Felix, Schneider, Moritz, Naujoks, Frederik, Tango, Fabio, Knapp, Andreas, Wolter, Stefan, Cao, Yu, Griffon, Thibault, Demirtzis, Elias, Mallada, Jorge Lorente, Dominioni, Giancarlo Caccia, Fabello, Silvia, Brunnegard, Oliver, Kucewicz, Adam, Whitehouse, Stuart, Hiller, Johannes, Bonarens, Frank, Schindhelm, Roland, Shi, Elisabeth, and Eberle, Ulrich
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- 2020
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32. Measurement‐based range evaluation for quality assurance of CBCT‐based dose calculations in adaptive proton therapy.
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Neppl, Sebastian, Kurz, Christopher, Köpl, Daniel, Yohannes, Indra, Schneider, Moritz, Bondesson, David, Rabe, Moritz, Belka, Claus, Dietrich, Olaf, Landry, Guillaume, Parodi, Katia, and Kamp, Florian
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PROTON beams ,PROTON therapy ,CONE beam computed tomography ,QUALITY assurance - Abstract
Purpose: The implementation of volumetric in‐room imaging for online adaptive radiotherapy makes extensive testing of this image data for treatment planning necessary. Especially for proton beams the higher sensitivity to stopping power properties of the tissue results in more stringent requirements. Current approaches mainly focus on recalculation of the plans on the new image data, lacking experimental verification, and ignoring the impact on the plan re‐optimization process. The aim of this study was to use gel and film dosimetry coupled with a three‐dimensional (3D) printed head phantom (based on the planning CT of the patient) for 3D range verification of intensity‐corrected cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image data for adaptive proton therapy. Methods: Single field uniform dose pencil beam scanning proton plans were optimized for three different patients on the patients' planning CT (planCT) and the patients' intensity‐corrected CBCT (scCBCT) for the same target volume using the same optimization constraints. The CBCTs were corrected on projection level using the planCT as a prior. The dose optimized on planCT and recalculated on scCBCT was compared in terms of proton range differences (80% distal fall‐off, recalculation). Moreover, the dose distribution resulting from recalculation of the scCBCT‐optimized plan on the planCT and the original planCT dose distribution were compared (simulation). Finally, the two plans of each patient were irradiated on the corresponding patient‐specific 3D printed head phantom using gel dosimetry inserts for one patient and film dosimetry for all three patients. Range differences were extracted from the measured dose distributions. The measured and the simulated range differences were corrected for range differences originating from the initial plans and evaluated. Results: The simulation approach showed high agreement with the standard recalculation approach. The median values of the range differences of these two methods agreed within 0.1 mm and the interquartile ranges (IQRs) within 0.3 mm for all three patients. The range differences of the film measurement were accurately matching with the simulation approach in the film plane. The median values of these range differences deviated less than 0.1 mm and the IQRs less than 0.4 mm. For the full 3D evaluation of the gel range differences, the median value and IQR matched those of the simulation approach within 0.7 and 0.5 mm, respectively. scCBCT‐ and planCT‐based dose distributions were found to have a range agreement better than 3 mm (median and IQR) for all considered scenarios (recalculation, simulation, and measurement). Conclusions: The results of this initial study indicate that an online adaptive proton workflow based on scatter‐corrected CBCT image data for head irradiations is feasible. The novel presented measurement‐ and simulation‐based method was shown to be equivalent to the standard literature recalculation approach. Additionally, it has the capability to catch effects of image differences on the treatment plan optimization. This makes the measurement‐based approach particularly interesting for quality assurance of CBCT‐based online adaptive proton therapy. The observed uncertainties could be kept within those of the registration and positioning. The proposed validation could also be applied for other alternative in‐room images, e.g. for MR‐based pseudoCTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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33. TEEvil: Identity Lease via Trusted Execution Environments
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Puddu, Ivan, Lain, Daniele, Schneider, Moritz, Tretiakova, Elizaveta, Matetic, Sinisa, and Capkun, Srdjan
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Software_OPERATINGSYSTEMS ,Computer Science - Cryptography and Security ,Cryptography and Security (cs.CR) - Abstract
We investigate identity lease, a new type of service in which users lease their identities to third parties by providing them with full or restricted access to their online accounts or credentials. We discuss how identity lease could be abused to subvert the digital society, facilitating the spread of fake news and subverting electronic voting by enabling the sale of votes. We show that the emergence of Trusted Execution Environments and anonymous cryptocurrencies, for the first time, allows the implementation of such a lease service while guaranteeing fairness, plausible deniability and anonymity, therefore shielding the users and account renters from prosecution. To show that such a service can be practically implemented, we build an example service that we call TEEvil leveraging Intel SGX and ZCash. Finally, we discuss defense mechanisms and challenges in the mitigation of identity lease services., 21 pages, 5 figures
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- 2019
34. Effect of allopurinol in addition to hypothermia treatment in neonates for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury on neurocognitive outcome (ALBINO): study protocol of a blinded randomized placebo-controlled parallel group multicenter trial for superiority (phase III)
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Maiwald, Christian A., Annink, Kim V., Rüdiger, Mario, Benders, Manon J. N. L., van Bel, Frank, Allegaert, Karel, Naulaers, Gunnar, Bassler, Dirk, Klebermaß-Schrehof, Katrin, Vento, Maximo, Guimarães, Hercilia, Stiris, Tom, Cattarossi, Luigi, Metsäranta, Marjo, Vanhatalo, Sampsa, Mazela, Jan, Metsvaht, Tuuli, Jacobs, Yannique, Franz, Axel R., Poets, Christian F., van Veldhuizen, Cees, Engel, Corinna, von Oldershausen, Gabriele, Bergmann, Iris, Weiss, Monika, Wichera, Caroline J. B. R., Eichhorn, Andreas, Raubuch, Michael, Schuler, Birgit, van Veldhuizen, Cees K. W., Laméris, Bas, van der Vlught-Meijer, Roselinda, Griesmaier, Elke, Brandner, Johannes, Tackoen, Marie, Reibel, Ruth, Lecart, Chantal, Cornette, Luc, Malfilatre, Genevieve, Viellevoye, Renaud, Ilmoja, Mari-Liis, Saik, Pille, Käär, Ruth, Andresson, Pille, Schloesser, Rolf, Ott, Torsten, Winkler, Stefan, Hoehn, Thomas, Teig, Norbert, Schroth, Michael, Thome, Ulrich H., Ehrhardt, Harald, Mauro, Isabella, Baraldi, Eugenio, Carnielli, Virgilio, Paterlini, Giuseppe, Napolitano, Marcello, Faldini, Paola Francesca, Lista, Gianluca, Visintin, Gianluca, Barbarini, Mario, Pagani, Laura, Mastretta, Emmanuele, Vento, Giovanni, Fumagalli, Monica, Binotti, Marco, van Weissenbruch, Mirjam M., van Straaten, Henrica L. M., Dudink, Jeroen, Derks, Jan B., de Boer, Inge P., Meijssen, Clemens B., de Haan, Timo R., van Rooij, Linda G., van Hillegersberg, Jacqueline L., van Dongen, Minouche, Bruinenberg, Jos, Dijkman, Koen P., van Houten, Marlies A., van der Schoor, Sophie R. D., Salvesen, Bodil, Schneider, Moritz, Nestaas, Eirik, Nakstad, Britt, Karpinski, Lukas, Gulczynska, Ewa, Królak-Olejnik, Barbara, Bokiniec, Renata, Vilan, Ana I., de Pinho, Liliana Flores, Ferraz, Claudia, Pereira, Almerinda, Barroso, Rosalina, da Graça, André Mendes, Tomé, Teresa, Pinto, Filomena, Rodilla, Juan Martínez, Lubián, Simón, Camprubí, Marta Campubri, Suazo, José Antonio Hurtado, Valverde, Eva, Lorenzo, José Ramón Fernández, Orgado, José Martinez, Boix, H. ctor, Parrilla, Francisco Jimenez, Moral-Pumarega, Maria Teresa, Maletzki, Julia, Knoepfli, Claudia, Hagmann, Cornelia, Schulzke, Sven, Stocker, Martin, Birkenmaier, André, Riedel, Thomas, Ehni, Hans-J. rg, Janvier, Annie, Marckmann, Georg, European Commission, German Research Foundation, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Pediatric surgery, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Anatomy and neurosciences, HUS Children and Adolescents, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Children's Hospital, Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, Department of Neurosciences, Clinicum, Doctoral Programme Brain & Mind, Kliinisen neurofysiologian yksikkö, Neonatology, and AGEM - Digestive immunity
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double blind procedure ,drug safety ,induced hypothermia ,Antimetabolites ,Neonatal oxygen deficiency ,groups by age ,mental disease ,Allopurinol ,Brain injury ,Cerebral palsy ,Childbirth outcome ,Hypothermia therapy ,Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy ,Perinatal asphyxia ,Study Protocol ,heart function ,newborn ,phase 3 clinical trial (topic) ,3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics ,Hypothermia, Induced ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,nuclear magnetic resonance imaging ,randomized controlled trial (topic) ,multimodality cancer therapy ,Allopurinol, Neonatal oxygen deficiency, Hypothermia therapy, Childbirth outcome, Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, Perinatal asphyxia, Brain injury, Cerebral palsy ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,drug effect ,Combined Modality Therapy ,health care quality ,Settore MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICA ,Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ,multicenter study (topic) ,disease severity ,hypothermia ,echoencephalography ,hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy ,Gestational Age ,Article ,Double-Blind Method ,protein S100B ,Humans ,controlled study ,drug screening ,human ,newborn mortality ,procedures ,antimetabolite ,phase 3 clinical trial ,Infant, Newborn ,birth weight ,Infant ,electroencephalogram ,major clinical study ,mortality ,drug efficacy ,Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ,Neurodevelopmental Disorders ,randomized controlled trial ,incidence ,treatment outcome - Abstract
Consortia for the ALBINO Study Group: Axel R. Franz, Mario Rüdiger, Christian F. Poets, Manon Benders, Frank van Bel, Karel Allegaert, Gunnar Naulaers, Dirk Bassler, Katrin Klebermaß-Schrehof, Maximo Vento, Hercilia Guimarães, Tom Stiris, Luigi Cattarossi, Marjo Metsäranta, Sampsa Vanhatalo, Jan Mazela, Tuuli Metsvaht, Cees van Veldhuizen, Corinna Engel, Christian A. Maiwald, Gabriele von Oldershausen, Iris Bergmann, Monika Weiss, Caroline J. B. R. Wichera, Andreas Eichhorn, Michael Raubuch, Birgit Schuler, Cees K. W. van Veldhuizen, Bas Laméris, Yannique Jacobs, Roselinda van der Vlught-Meijer, Elke Griesmaier, Johannes Brandner, Marie Tackoen, Ruth Reibel, Chantal Lecart, Luc Cornette, Genevieve Malfilatre, Renaud Viellevoye, Tuuli Metsvaht, Mari-Liis Ilmoja, Pille Saik, Ruth Käär, Pille Andresson, Marjo Metsaranta, Axel R. Franz, Rolf Schloesser, Torsten Ott, Stefan Winkler, Thomas Hoehn, Norbert Teig, Michael Schroth, Ulrich H. Thome, Harald Ehrhardt, Luigi Cattarossi, Isabella Mauro, Eugenio Baraldi, Virgilio Carnielli, Giuseppe Paterlini, Marcello Napolitano, Paola Francesca Faldini, Gianluca Lista, Gianluca Visintin, Mario Barbarini, Laura Pagani, Emmanuele Mastretta, Giovanni Vento, Monica Fumagalli, Marco Binotti, Mirjam M. van Weissenbruch, Henrica L. M. van Straaten, Manon J. N. L. Benders, Kim V. Annink, Frank van Bel, Jeroen Dudink, Jan B. Derks, Inge P. de Boer, Clemens B. Meijssen, Timo R. de Haan, Linda G. van Rooij, Jacqueline L. van Hillegersberg, Minouche van Dongen, Jos Bruinenberg, Koen P. Dijkman, Marlies A. van Houten, Sophie R. D. van der Schoor, Tom Stiris, Bodil Salvesen, Moritz Schneider, Eirik Nestaas, Britt Nakstad, Jan Mazela, Lukas Karpinski, Ewa Gulczynska, Barbara Królak-Olejnik, Renata Bokiniec, Ana I. Vilan, Liliana Flores de Pinho, Claudia Ferraz, Almerinda Pereira, Rosalina Barroso, André Mendes da Graça, Teresa Tomé, Filomena Pinto, Maximo Vento, Juan Martínez Rodilla, Simón Lubián, Marta Campubri Camprubí, José Antonio Hurtado Suazo, Eva Valverde, José Ramón Fernández Lorenzo, José Martinez Orgado, Héctor Boix, Francisco Jimenez Parrilla, Maria Teresa Moral-Pumarega, Julia Maletzki, Claudia Knoepfli, Cornelia Hagmann, Sven Schulzke, Martin Stocker, André Birkenmaier, Thomas Riedel, Hans-Jörg Ehni, Annie Janvier & Georg Marckmann., [Background]: Perinatal asphyxia and resulting hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a major cause of death and long-term disability in term born neonates. Up to 20,000 infants each year are affected by HIE in Europe and even more in regions with lower level of perinatal care. The only established therapy to improve outcome in these infants is therapeutic hypothermia. Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that reduces the production of oxygen radicals as superoxide, which contributes to secondary energy failure and apoptosis in neurons and glial cells after reperfusion of hypoxic brain tissue and may further improve outcome if administered in addition to therapeutic hypothermia., [Methods]: This study on the effects of ALlopurinol in addition to hypothermia treatment for hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury on Neurocognitive Outcome (ALBINO), is a European double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled parallel group multicenter trial (Phase III) to evaluate the effect of postnatal allopurinol administered in addition to standard of care (including therapeutic hypothermia if indicated) on the incidence of death and severe neurodevelopmental impairment at 24 months of age in newborns with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic insult and signs of potentially evolving encephalopathy. Allopurinol or placebo will be given in addition to therapeutic hypothermia (where indicated) to infants with a gestational age ≥ 36 weeks and a birth weight ≥ 2500 g, with severe perinatal asphyxia and potentially evolving encephalopathy. The primary endpoint of this study will be death or severe neurodevelopmental impairment versus survival without severe neurodevelopmental impairment at the age of two years. Effects on brain injury by magnetic resonance imaging and cerebral ultrasound, electric brain activity, concentrations of peroxidation products and S100B, will also be studied along with effects on heart function and pharmacokinetics of allopurinol after iv-infusion., [Discussion]: This trial will provide data to assess the efficacy and safety of early postnatal allopurinol in term infants with evolving hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. If proven efficacious and safe, allopurinol could become part of a neuroprotective pharmacological treatment strategy in addition to therapeutic hypothermia in children with perinatal asphyxia., [Trial registration]: NCT03162653, www.ClinicalTrials.gov, May 22, 2017., This study is funded under the Horizon 2020 Framework Program of the European Union, call H2020-PHC-2015-two-stage, grant 667224. Publication of this manuscript was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Open Access Publishing Fund of the University of Tuebingen.
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- 2019
35. Incoherent-flow-induced signal decay in diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
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Schneider, Moritz
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FOS: Medical and Health Sciences - Published
- 2019
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36. Porcine lung phantom-based validation of estimated 4D-MRI using orthogonal cine imaging for low-field MR-Linacs.
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Rabe, Moritz, Paganelli, Chiara, Riboldi, Marco, Bondesson, David, Schneider, Moritz Jörg, Chmielewski, Thomas, Baroni, Guido, Dinkel, Julien, Reiner, Michael, Landry, Guillaume, Parodi, Katia, Belka, Claus, Kamp, Florian, and Kurz, Christopher
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MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,LINEAR accelerators ,VECTOR fields ,LUNGS ,MAGNETIC resonance ,LUNG tumors - Abstract
Real-time motion monitoring of lung tumors with low-field magnetic resonance imaging-guided linear accelerators (MR-Linacs) is currently limited to sagittal 2D cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To provide input data for improved intrafractional and interfractional adaptive radiotherapy, the 4D anatomy has to be inferred from data with lower dimensionality. The purpose of this study was to experimentally validate a previously proposed propagation method that provides continuous time-resolved estimated 4D-MRI based on orthogonal cine MRI for a low-field MR-Linac. Ex vivo porcine lungs were injected with artificial nodules and mounted in a dedicated phantom that allows for the simulation of periodic and reproducible breathing motion. The phantom was scanned with a research version of a commercial 0.35 T MR-Linac. Respiratory-correlated 4D-MRI were reconstructed and served as ground truth images. Series of interleaved orthogonal slices in sagittal and coronal orientation, intersecting the injected targets, were acquired at 7.3 Hz. Estimated 4D-MRI at 3.65 Hz were created in post-processing using the propagation method and compared to the ground truth 4D-MRI. Eight datasets at different breathing frequencies and motion amplitudes were acquired for three porcine lungs. The overall median (95 percentile) deviation between ground truth and estimated deformation vector fields was 2.3 mm (5.7 mm), corresponding to 0.7 (1.6) times the in-plane imaging resolution (3.5 × 3.5 mm
2 ). Median (95 percentile) estimated nodule position errors were 1.5 mm (3.8 mm) for nodules intersected by orthogonal slices and 2.1 mm (7.1 mm) for nodules located more than 2 cm away from either of the orthogonal slices. The estimation error depended on the breathing phase, the motion amplitude and the location of the estimated position with respect to the orthogonal slices. By using the propagation method, the 4D motion within the porcine lung phantom could be accurately and robustly estimated. The method could provide valuable information for treatment planning, real-time motion monitoring, treatment adaptation, and post-treatment evaluation of MR-guided radiotherapy treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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37. Simple and Inexpensive Paper-Based Astrocyte Co-culture to Improve Survival of Low-Density Neuronal Networks
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Aebersold, Mathias J., Thompson-Steckel, Greta, Joutang, Adriane, Schneider, Moritz, Burchert, Conrad, Forró, Csaba, Weydert, Serge, Han, Hana, Vörös, Janos, University of Zurich, and Vörös, János
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low-density culture ,2800 General Neuroscience ,610 Medicine & health ,paper-based ,network activity ,co-culture ,neuron ,neurite length ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,astrocyte ,cell viability ,170 Ethics ,Methods ,10237 Institute of Biomedical Engineering ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Bottom-up neuroscience aims to engineer well-defined networks of neurons to investigate the functions of the brain. By reducing the complexity of the brain to achievable target questions, such in vitro bioassays better control experimental variables and can serve as a versatile tool for fundamental and pharmacological research. Astrocytes are a cell type critical to neuronal function, and the addition of astrocytes to neuron cultures can improve the quality of in vitro assays. Here, we present cellulose as an astrocyte culture substrate. Astrocytes cultured on the cellulose fiber matrix thrived and formed a dense 3D network. We devised a novel co-culture platform by suspending the easy-to-handle astrocytic paper cultures above neuronal networks of low densities typically needed for bottom-up neuroscience. There was significant improvement in neuronal viability after 5 days in vitro at densities ranging from 50,000 cells/cm2 down to isolated cells at 1,000 cells/cm2. Cultures exhibited spontaneous spiking even at the very low densities, with a significantly greater spike frequency per cell compared to control mono-cultures. Applying the co-culture platform to an engineered network of neurons on a patterned substrate resulted in significantly improved viability and almost doubled the density of live cells. Lastly, the shape of the cellulose substrate can easily be customized to a wide range of culture vessels, making the platform versatile for different applications that will further enable research in bottom-up neuroscience and drug development., Frontiers in Neuroscience, 12, ISSN:1662-453X, ISSN:1662-4548
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- 2018
38. Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of pulmonary nodules simulated in a dedicated porcine chest phantom.
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Bonert, Madeleine, Schneider, Moritz, Solyanik, Olga, Hellbach, Katharina, Bondesson, David, Gaass, Thomas, Thaens, Natalie, Ricke, Jens, Benkert, Thomas, and Dinkel, Julien
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MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *PULMONARY nodules , *THREE-dimensional imaging , *CHEST (Anatomy) , *IONIZING radiation , *FOUR-dimensional imaging , *ECHO-planar imaging - Abstract
Objective: CT serves as gold standard for the evaluation of pulmonary nodules. However, CT exposes patients to ionizing radiation, a concern especially in screening scenarios with repeated examinations. Due to recent technological advances, MRI emerges as a potential alternative for lung imaging using 3D steady state free precession and ultra-short echo-time sequences. Therefore, in this study we assessed the performance of three state-of-the-art MRI sequences for the evaluation of pulmonary nodules. Methods: Lesions of variable sizes were simulated in porcine lungs placed in a dedicated chest phantom mimicking a human thorax, followed by CT and MRI examinations. Two blinded readers evaluated the acquired MR-images locating and measuring every suspect lesion. Using the CT-images as reference, logistic regression was performed to investigate the sensitivity of the tested MRI-sequences for the detection of pulmonary nodules. Results: For nodules with a diameter of 6 mm, all three sequences achieved high sensitivity values above 0.91. However, the sensitivity dropped for smaller nodules, yielding an average of 0.83 for lesions with 4 mm in diameter and less than 0.69 for lesions with 2 mm in diameter. The positive predictive values ranged between 0.91 and 0.96, indicating a low amount of false positive findings. Furthermore, the size measurements done on the MR-images were subject to a bias ranging from 0.83 mm to -1.77 mm with standard deviations ranging from 1.40 mm to 2.11 mm. There was no statistically significant difference between the three tested sequences. Conclusion: While showing promising sensitivity values for lesions larger than 4 mm, MRI appears to be not yet suited for lung cancer screening. Nonetheless, the three tested MRI sequences yielded high positive predictive values and accurate size measurements; therefore, MRI could potentially figure as imaging method of the chest in selected follow-up scenarios, e.g. of incidental findings subject to the Fleischner Criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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39. Automated evaluation of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in the lung.
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Bondesson, David, Schneider, Moritz J., Silbernagel, Edith, Behr, Jürgen, Reichenberger, Frank, and Dinkel, Julien
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CONFOCAL microscopy , *LUNGS , *ELASTIN , *LUNG diseases , *LASERS , *MACHINE learning - Abstract
Rationale: Probe-based confocal endomicroscopy provides real time videos of autoflourescent elastin structures within the alveoli. With it, multiple changes in the elastin structure due to different diffuse parenchymal lung diseases have previously been described. However, these evaluations have mainly relied on qualitative evaluation by the examiner and manually selected parts post-examination. Objectives: To develop a fully automatic method for quantifying structural properties of the imaged alveoli elastin and to perform a preliminary assessment of their diagnostic potential. Methods: 46 patients underwent probe-based confocal endomicroscopy, of which 38 were divided into 4 groups categorizing different diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. 8 patients were imaged in representative healthy lung areas and used as control group. Alveolar elastin structures were automatically segmented with a trained machine learning algorithm and subsequently evaluated with two methods developed for quantifying the local thickness and structural connectivity. Measurements and main results: The automatic segmentation algorithm performed generally well and all 4 patient groups showed statistically significant differences with median elastin thickness, standard deviation of thickness and connectivity compared to the control group. Conclusion: Alveoli elastin structures can be quantified based on their structural connectivity and thickness statistics with a fully-automated algorithm and initial results highlight its potential for distinguishing parenchymal lung diseases from normal alveoli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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40. Assessment of intravoxel incoherent motion MRI with an artificial capillary network: analysis of biexponential and phase‐distribution models.
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Schneider, Moritz Jörg, Gaass, Thomas, Ricke, Jens, Dinkel, Julien, and Dietrich, Olaf
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GRANULAR flow ,OPTICAL measurements ,FLUID flow ,MICROSCOPY ,MOTION - Abstract
Purpose: To systematically analyze intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI in a perfusable capillary phantom closely matching the geometry of capillary beds in vivo and to compare the validity of the biexponential pseudo‐diffusion and the recently introduced phase‐distribution IVIM model. Methods: IVIM‐MRI was performed at 12 different flow rates (0.2⋯2.4mL/min) in a capillary phantom using 4 different DW‐MRI sequences (2 with monopolar and 2 with flow‐compensated diffusion‐gradient schemes, with up to 16b values between 0 and 800s/mm2). Resulting parameters from the assessed IVIM models were compared to results from optical microscopy. Results: The acquired data were best described by a static and a flowing compartment modeled by the phase‐distribution approach. The estimated signal fraction f of the flowing compartment stayed approximately constant over the applied flow rates, with an average of f=0.451±0.023 in excellent agreement with optical microscopy (f=0.454±0.002). The estimated average particle flow speeds v=0.25⋯2.7mm/s showed a highly significant linear correlation to the applied flow. The estimated capillary segment length of approximately 189um agreed well with optical microscopy measurements. Using the biexponential model, the signal fraction f was substantially underestimated and displayed a strong dependence on the applied flow rate. Conclusion: The constructed phantom facilitated the detailed investigation of IVIM‐MRI methods. The results demonstrate that the phase‐distribution method is capable of accurately characterizing fluid flow inside a capillary network. Parameters estimated using the biexponential model, specifically the perfusion fraction f, showed a substantial bias because the model assumptions were not met by the underlying flow pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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41. Nonuniform Fourier‐decomposition MRI for ventilation‐ and perfusion‐weighted imaging of the lung.
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Bondesson, David, Schneider, Moritz J., Gaass, Thomas, Kühn, Bernd, Bauman, Grzegorz, Dietrich, Olaf, and Dinkel, Julien
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FAST Fourier transforms ,WAVELET transforms ,FOURIER transforms ,LUNGS ,SIGNAL-to-noise ratio - Abstract
Purpose: To improve the robustness of pulmonary ventilation‐ and perfusion‐weighted imaging with Fourier decomposition (FD) MRI in the presence of respiratory and cardiac frequency variations by replacing the standard fast Fourier transform with the more general nonuniform Fourier transform. Theory and Methods: Dynamic coronal single‐slice MRI of the thorax was performed in 11 patients and 5 healthy volunteers on a 1.5T whole‐body scanner using a 2D ultra‐fast balanced steady‐state free‐precession sequence with temporal resolutions of 4‐9 images/s. For the proposed nonuniform Fourier‐decomposition (NUFD) approach, the original signal with variable physiological frequencies that was acquired with constant sampling rate was retrospectively transformed into a signal with (ventilation or perfusion) frequency‐adapted sampling rate. For that purpose, frequency tracking was performed with the synchro‐squeezed wavelet transform. Ventilation‐ and perfusion‐weighted NUFD amplitude and signal delay maps were generated and quantitatively compared with regularly sampled FD maps based on their signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). Results: Volunteers and patients showed statistically significant increases of SNR in frequency‐adapted NUFD results compared to regularly sampled FD results. For ventilation data, the mean SNR increased by 43.4%±25.3% and 24.4%±31.9% in volunteers and patients, respectively; for perfusion data, SNR increased by 93.0%±36.1% and 75.6%±62.8%. Two patients showed perfusion signal in pulmonary areas with NUFD that could not be imaged with FD. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that using nonuniform Fourier transform in combination with frequency tracking can significantly increase SNR and reduce frequency overlaps by collecting the signal intensity onto single frequency bins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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42. Secure Brokered Delegation Through DelegaTEE.
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Schneider, Moritz, Matetic, Sinisa, Juels, Ari, Miller, Andrew, and Capkun, Srdjan
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DelegaTEE allows users to delegate rights and resources in existing services safely and selectively to others—without ever revealing access credentials to third parties. DelegaTEE enables contextually rich delegation policies that were previously unachievable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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43. Integrin-targeted quantitative optoacoustic imaging with MRI correlation for monitoring a BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination therapy in a murine model of human melanoma.
- Author
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Kazmierczak, Philipp M., Burton, Neal C., Keinrath, Georg, Hirner-Eppeneder, Heidrun, Schneider, Moritz J., Eschbach, Ralf S., Heimer, Maurice, Solyanik, Olga, Todica, Andrei, Reiser, Maximilian F., Ricke, Jens, and Cyran, Clemens C.
- Subjects
MELANOMA ,NEUROENDOCRINE tumors ,DYSPLASTIC nevus syndrome ,PHOTOACOUSTIC spectroscopy ,XENOGRAFTS ,IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY - Abstract
Purpose: To investigate α
v β3 -integrin-targeted optoacoustic imaging and MRI for monitoring a BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination therapy in a murine model of human melanoma. Materials and methods: Human BRAF V600E-positive melanoma xenograft (A375)-bearing Balb/c nude mice (n = 10) were imaged before (day 0) and after (day 7) a BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination therapy (encorafenib, 1.3 mg/kg/d; binimetinib, 0.6 mg/kg/d, n = 5) or placebo (n = 5), respectively. Optoacoustic imaging was performed on a preclinical system unenhanced and 5 h after i. v. injection of an αv β3 -integrin-targeted fluorescent probe. The αv β3 -integrin-specific tumor signal was derived by spectral unmixing. For morphology-based tumor response assessments, T2w MRI data sets were acquired on a clinical 3 Tesla scanner. The imaging results were validated by multiparametric immunohistochemistry (ß3 –integrin expression, CD31 –microvascular density, Ki-67 –proliferation). Results: The αv β3 -integrin-specific tumor signal was significantly reduced under therapy, showing a unidirectional decline in all animals (from 7.98±2.22 to 1.67±1.30; p = 0.043). No significant signal change was observed in the control group (from 6.60±6.51 to 3.67±1.93; p = 0.500). Immunohistochemistry revealed a significantly lower integrin expression (ß3 : 0.20±0.02 vs. 0.39±0.05; p = 0.008) and microvascular density (CD31: 119±15 vs. 292±49; p = 0.008) in the therapy group. Tumor volumes increased with no significant intergroup difference (therapy: +107±42 mm3 ; control +112±44mm3 , p = 0.841). In vivo blocking studies with αv β3 -integrin antagonist cilengitide confirmed the target specificity of the fluorescent probe. Conclusions: αv β3 -integrin-targeted optoacoustic imaging allowed for the early non-invasive monitoring of a BRAF/MEK inhibitor combination therapy in a murine model of human melanoma, adding molecular information on tumor receptor status to morphology-based tumor response criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Local Chemical Stimulation of Neurons with the Fluidic Force Microscope (FluidFM).
- Author
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Aebersold, Mathias J., Dermutz, Harald, Demkó, László, Cogollo, José F. Saenz, Lin, Shiang‐Chi, Burchert, Conrad, Schneider, Moritz, Ling, Doris, Forró, Csaba, Han, Hana, Zambelli, Tomaso, and Vörös, János
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. 18F-FDG-PET/CT and diffusion-weighted MRI for monitoring a BRAF and CDK 4/6 inhibitor combination therapy in a murine model of human melanoma.
- Author
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Eschbach, Ralf S., Kazmierczak, Philipp M., Heimer, Maurice M., Todica, Andrei, Hirner-Eppeneder, Heidrun, Schneider, Moritz J., Keinrath, Georg, Solyanik, Olga, Olivier, Jessica, Kunz, Wolfgang G., Reiser, Maximilian F., Bartenstein, Peter, Ricke, Jens, and Cyran, Clemens C.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Partnership: A new EU approach to fighting irregular immigration?
- Author
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Parkes, Roderick and Schneider, Moritz
- Subjects
ddc:320 - Abstract
Even when working in concert, EU governments cannot control irregular immigration. For some time now they have therefore been co-opting third countries, transport firms and employers into their efforts. Yet, the sticks and carrots they offer their reluctant helpers have not sufficed, and implementation has been poor. A new approach is emerging, based on an overlap of interests between the EU and these actors. The EU is seeking to rebuild its current relations with third countries and other actors as 'partnerships'. It's a fine idea, but at present a failure
- Published
- 2010
47. Receding-horizon planning using recursive Monte Carlo Tree Search with Sparse Action Sampling for continuous state and action spaces.
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Schneider, Moritz
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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48. Radiomic Analysis Reveals Prognostic Information in T1-Weighted Baseline Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Glioblastoma.
- Author
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Ingrisch, Michael, Schneider, Moritz Jörg, Nörenberg, Dominik, de Figueiredo, Giovanna Negrao, Maier-Hein, Klaus, Suchorska, Bogdana, Schüller, Ulrich, Albert, Nathalie, Brückmann, Hartmut, Reiser, Maximilian, Tonn, Jörg-Christian, and Ertl-Wagner, Birgit
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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49. Technical Note: Quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of a 3-dimensional artificial capillary network.
- Author
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Gaass, Thomas, Schneider, Moritz Jörg, Dietrich, Olaf, Ingrisch, Michael, and Dinkel, Julien
- Subjects
- *
CONTRAST-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging , *EPOXY resins , *IMAGING phantoms , *PEARSON correlation (Statistics) , *STRUCTURAL analysis (Science) - Abstract
Purpose Variability across devices, patients, and time still hinders widespread recognition of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging ( DCE- MRI) as quantitative biomarker. The purpose of this work was to introduce and characterize a dedicated microchannel phantom as a model for quantitative DCE- MRI measurements. Methods A perfusable, MR-compatible microchannel network was constructed on the basis of sacrificial melt-spun sugar fibers embedded in a block of epoxy resin. Structural analysis was performed on the basis of light microscopy images before DCE- MRI experiments. During dynamic acquisition the capillary network was perfused with a standard contrast agent injection system. Flow-dependency, as well as inter- and intrascanner reproducibility of the computed DCE parameters were evaluated using a 3.0 T whole-body MRI. Results Semi-quantitative and quantitative flow-related parameters exhibited the expected proportionality to the set flow rate (mean Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.991, P < 2.5e-5). The volume fraction was approximately independent from changes of the applied flow rate through the phantom. Repeatability and reproducibility experiments yielded maximum intrascanner coefficients of variation ( CV) of 4.6% for quantitative parameters. All evaluated parameters were well in the range of known in vivo results for the applied flow rates. Conclusion The constructed phantom enables reproducible, flow-dependent, contrast-enhanced MR measurements with the potential to facilitate standardization and comparability of DCE- MRI examinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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50. A pilot trial of doxorubicin containing phosphatidyldiglycerol based thermosensitive liposomes in spontaneous feline soft tissue sarcoma.
- Author
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Zimmermann, Katja, Hossann, Martin, Hirschberger, Johannes, Troedson, Karin, Peller, Michael, Schneider, Moritz, Brühschwein, Andreas, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea, Wess, Gerhard, Wergin, Melanie, Dörfelt, René, Knösel, Thomas, Schwaiger, Markus, Baumgartner, Christine, Brandl, Johanna, Schwamberger, Sabine, and Lindner, Lars H.
- Subjects
SOFT tissue tumors ,TREATMENT of cat diseases ,DOXORUBICIN ,PHOSPHATIDYLGLYCEROL ,LIPOSOMES ,POSITRON emission tomography ,THERAPEUTICS ,TUMOR treatment - Abstract
Purpose:Doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded phosphatidyldiglycerol-based thermosensitive liposomes (DPPG2-TSL-DOX) combined with local hyperthermia (HT) was evaluated in cats with locally advanced spontaneous fibrosarcomas (soft tissue sarcoma [STS]). The study was designed to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetic profile of the drug. Results from four dose-levels are reported. Methods:Eleven client-owned cats with advanced STS were enrolled. Five cats received escalating doses of 0.1–0.4 mg/kg DOX (group I), three received 0.4 mg/kg constantly (group II) and three 0.6 mg/kg (group III) IV over 15 min. HT with a target temperature of 41.5 °C was started 15 min before drug application and continued for a total of 60 min. Six HT treatments were applied every other week using a radiofrequency applicator. Tumour growth was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and for dose level III also with18F-FDG PET. Results:Treatment was generally well tolerated and reasons for premature study termination in four cats were not associated with drug-induced toxicity. No DPPG2-TSL-DOX based hypersensitivity reaction was observed. One cat showed simultaneous partial response (PR) in MRI and positron emission tomography (PET) whereas one cat showed stable disease in MRI and PR in PET (both cats in dose level III). Pharmacokinetic measurements demonstrated DOX release triggered by HT. Conclusion:DPPG2-TSL-DOX + HT is a promising treatment option for advanced feline STS by means of targeted drug delivery. As MTD was not reached further investigation is warranted to determine if higher doses would result in even better tumour responses. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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