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This article presents a detailed study of the stately palace of the Villa Giusti-Puttini, a building that, over the centuries, has undergone repeated transformations since its construction in the first half of the 15th century. For the study of this palace, owned between the 15th and 17th centuries by one of the most important families in the city of Verona (Italy), the authors have followed a methodology covering indirect sources (documentary and bibliographical) as well as direct ones (the building and constructive techniques, architectural and decorative elements, murals, etc.). This study expands the information available on the building as well as expanding knowledge on the history of architecture of the Veneto villa as a defining architectural phenomenon in 16th- and 17th-century architecture whose extensive influence was still felt in the 19th century. The history compiled through this research also contributes to a renewed interpretation of the phenomenon, which is viewed as a process for the transformation and adaptation of a pre-existing building to fit the needs of any given period. This methodology, which could potentially facilitate the interpretation of similar buildings, and its combination of documentary, material, constructive, decorative, and cultural elements could constitute an example for the historical and architectural reading of buildings and are not merely limited to Renaissance buildings.

As England attempts to close educational attainment gaps faced by socioeconomically disadvantaged children using Pupil Premium funding, no attention is given to how different types of academies do so, nor to policy transfer’s role in informing policies for disadvantaged pupils. Employing a qualitative comparative case study methodology with semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis, this research compares five primary standalone academies with five system leader multi-academy trust academies. It finds all academies support disadvantaged children with academic, pastoral and extracurricular provision. This is justified by voluntary and coercive policy transfer extending across space and time, in addition to evidence-based policies and school-specific needs prioritised to varying degrees across academy types. Overall, system leader multi-academy trust academies’ structure and composition facilitate policy transfer through horizontal and vertical spread of successful practices compared to standalone academies.

Business-to-business marketing academics study complex phenomena, aiming to describe these phenomena through theoretical frameworks, explaining the relationships among the framework's constructs, and provide guidance and insight to decision-makers. Not surprisingly, often business-to-business researchers undertake qualitative case studies. In this editorial, we discuss what we believe could be reported in the write-up of a case-study methodology section. In particular, we consider the issues of selecting cases; crafting instruments and protocols, entering the field; and analyzing the data. How to assess the validity and reliability of qualitative case studies is also discussed. We finish the editorial by examining three exemplar case studies that have been published in Industrial Marketing Management.

The increasing threat of emerging infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance requires more efficient, high-quality research. Perpetual Observational Studies (POS) nested within a clinical research network can improve planning, quality and efficiency of interventional and observational studies, although real-life benefits and challenges need to be assessed. Ecraid (European Clinical Research Alliance on Infectious Diseases) has initiated POS and will monitor the impact for five specific infectious syndromes., 16 pages, 2 tables

espanolLa educacion en Colombia tiene dificultades para satisfacer las necesidades de las comunidades indigenas y equilibrar los programas educativos con los requerimientos culturales de cada comunidad, los ninos indigenas se ven obligados a adaptarse a un sistema educativo no acorde con sus necesidades. Por ello el objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los saberes ancestrales de la cultura Embera Katio relacionados con el cuidado del medio ambiente y la relacion del indigena con la naturaleza. La metodologia del estudio se enmarca en el enfoque cualitativo, con un diseno etnografico, la recoleccion de informacion se realizo por entrevista semiestructurada y la observacion. Como conclusion principal se destaca que los Embera tiene una forma diferente de ver el mundo, con una cosmovision propia que incluyen creencias, practicas y costumbres tradicionales que definen su estructura como pueblo y sociedad, conciben a la tierra como madre por lo que tienen una relacion de respeto hacia ella, que es trasmitido a sus hijos por medio de los saberes espirituales y las practicas productivas tradicionales. EnglishEducation in Colombia has difficulties in meeting the needs of indigenous communities and balancing educational programs with the cultural requirements of each community. Indigenous children are forced to adapt to an educational system that is not in accordance with their needs. For this reason, the objective of this work is to identify the ancestral knowledge of the Embera Katio culture related to caring for the environment and the indigenous relationship with nature. The study methodology is framed in the qualitative approach, with an ethnographic design, the collection of information was carried out by semi-structured interview and observation. As a main conclusion, it is highlighted that the Embera have a different way of seeing the world, with their own worldview that includes beliefs, practices and traditional customs that define their structure as a people and society, they conceive of the earth as a mother, so they have a relationship of respect for her, which is transmitted to her children through spiritual knowledge and traditional productive practices.

This research aims to find out the readiness of Muhammadiyah elementary schools in implementing inclusive education in the schools. School readiness clearly marks the path for Muhammadiyah elementary schools in organizing inclusive education. Through a case study methodology with a purposive sampling technique, this research investigates the readiness of four Muhammadiyah elementary schools. The data were collected by an in-depth interview and observation and would be analyzed by thematic analysis method. This research provides worthy indicators of school readiness in executing inclusive education. This study indicates that two out of the four Muhammadiyah elementary schools observed, have not reached the required level of readiness to implement inclusive schools based on the indicators of the school readiness, whereas the other two schools are more prepared to fully run the inclusive education program. This study enhances elementary schools to implement inclusive education by meeting five required indicators: 1) Perception of school stakeholders; 2) Curriculum and teaching and learning activities; 3) Educational staffs; 4) Facilities, infrastructure, and funding; 5) Relationship between community and school. The implementation of inclusive education in elementary schools under the Muhammadiyah institution as one of the biggest Islamic organizations in Indonesia would build a positive perception for all teachers, students’ parents, and school communities.

Background: Pharmacists play an important role in the healthcare system and have a greater impact on the outcome of public health programs. Patients who seek nutrition and vitamin advice presume the role of community pharmacists including the recommendation of effective vitamin and nutritional products. Objective: To determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of community pharmacists towards providing counseling on vitamins and nutritional supplements in Saudi Arabia. Setting: All community pharmacies in all cities in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study methodology. The study was conducted between September 2019 and April 2020. Google survey was used to collect the samples from community pharmacists across Saudi Arabia. Main outcome measure: Main outcome measure knowledge, attitudes, and practice of community pharmacists towards providing counseling on vitamins and nutritional supplements. Results: A total of 1199 questionnaires were distributed electronically. Only 1041 were obtained to representing an 86.8% success rate. A significant majority of the respondents in this study were males (98.7%) and aged between 23–34 years (80.7%). Most of the community pharmacists in this study were non-Saudi residents 96.4%. Only 24.0% had certification from the Saudi National Board. Daily, the majority of the pharmacists attended to an estimated 100–200 patients 62.3% with only 22.7% attending to more than 200 customers per day. Most of the community pharmacists 86.4% have received a form of training on vitamins and nutritional supplements. Most of the community pharmacists counsel their patients about the side effects of vitamins and nutritional supplements. Conclusion: Community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia have adequate knowledge and a positive attitude about vitamins and nutritional supplements. Our findings indicate that training courses are needed to improve pharmacists’ communication skills to play more roles in counseling and enhancing their practice.

Innovation Management has received a lot of attention in the last few decades, from a vital determinant of the global competitiveness of nations over the coming decade to the primary driver of economic progress and well-being. Many countries over the world have adopted national strategic roadmaps to foster innovation and enhance its economic impact to boost productivity and growth. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) came forward with the launch of the National Innovation Strategy in 2014. Hence, this paper has investigated the strategic importance of innovation management as a need for change and firms practices in one of the UAE Emirates (Fujairah Emirate). In doing so, the paper has sought to understand whether the concept of innovation management is featured in the UAE Company’s culture and strategic plans or whether the management of the business firm is highly committed to innovation management and what an essential driver for UAE to engage in innovation management. To investigate this problem, a qualitative case study methodology is used to collect and analyze the data. Results indicate that there is a clear line of innovation management strategies in UAE and business firms in Fujairah Emirates response to concerns by integrating innovation management into business structure and systems.Keywords: Innovation Management, National Innovation Strategy, UAE, FujairahJEL Classifications: M10, M12, M13, M14, M19, L25DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.9088

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major cause of mortality in developing countries such as India. Most cardiac arrests happen outside the hospital and are associated with poor survival rates due to delay in recognition and in performing early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Community CPR training and telephone CPR (T-CPR) in the dispatch centers have been shown to increase bystander CPR rates and survival. Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the significance of T-CPR in OHCA and to discuss its implementation in the health system to improve OHCA outcomes in India. Materials and Methods: A descriptive research study methodology was adopted following a literature search. Results: The search criterion “Cardiovascular diseases” resulted in 162, “Out-side hospital cardiac arrest” in 50; For a comprehensive overview, these publications were evaluated looking for data on T-CPR incidence, criteria for detecting OHCA by emergency medical dispatchers, sensitivity and specificity, and BCPR. Conclusion: This current research stresses the scale and seriousness of the implementation of T-CPR in OHCA in India.

This work aims to apply a systematic methodology to the analysis and graphical recovery of the “artefact” of the first lock of the Canal de Castilla (“the forge of Alar del Rey”) located in the Canal de Castilla as it passes through the province of Palencia (Spain). The canal, a great engineering work that began in the 18th century, was declared an asset of cultural interest (BIC, for its acronym in Spanish) in 1991 and was included in the National Plan for Industrial Heritage. To analyze and to obtain graphic reconstruction proposals, six main activities were developed, following three phases (study of primary and complementary technological and historical sources, fieldwork, and digital reconstruction). The reconstruction proposals were evaluated using three criteria: artefact data, the number of similar artefacts, and the performance. The weights of these three criteria were obtained using the Best-Worst Method (BWM), and the reconstruction proposals were classified using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) under uncertain conditions. AutoCAD was used to obtain detailed artefact geometric documentation (plans and detail drawings of each element). The work carried out on the artefact has allowed the reconstruction of the missing machinery and its factory, establishing a proposal consistent with the technological solutions of the end of the eighteenth century as well as with the ironworks studied and with the documentary sources consulted, recovering the memory of an artefact that is about to be lost.

The use of data in decision-making has become prevalent in all sectors, including education. The present paper analyses the steps necessary for a university to become a data-driven organisation and the advantages this transformation has to offer, both in teaching and in management. A qualitative case study methodology was used with a thematic inductive analysis with two groups of participants. The results are a methodology for transformation, identifying the barriers that may arise and actions necessary to overcome them and the advantages the use of data has to offer the university.

In an environment characterized by high unemployment rates among people with disabilities, the objective of the present work is to analyze entrepreneurship as a labor option which fully inserts people with intellectual disabilities (PwID) into their societies. In order to carry out this research, a case study methodology based on social network analysis has been adopted, given the nature of the variables analyzed. The results indicate that the fact of having managed to start up the company has been an important source of self-confidence and inspiration, as well as increasing and intensifying the social networks of PwID involved in the entrepreneurial project.

Biodiesel has been emerging as a potential and promising biofuel for the strategy of reducing toxic emissions and improving engine performance. Computational methods aiming to offer numerical solutions were inevitable as a study methodology which was sometimes considered the only practical method. Artificial neural networks (ANN) were data-processing systems, which were used to tackle many issues in engineering and science, especially in some fields where there was a failure of the conventional modeling approaches. Thus, it was believed that the best choice was the development of a novel approach like the ANN model to anticipate engine performance and exhaust emissions with high accuracy. In this review paper, the structure and applicability of the ANN model were comprehensively evaluated. More importantly, the use of ANN with trained, tested, and validated data was introduced to determine the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with biodiesel-based fuel. In general, the ANN model could supply a relatively high determination coefficient as compared between predicted results and experimental data, showing that the ANN model could have a good ability to predict the engine behaviors with an accuracy higher than 95%.

Between April 2019 and September 2020, 23,001 people aged 15 or over responded to questions about their health and living conditions for the German Health Update (GEDA 2019/2020-EHIS). The results are representative of the German resident population aged 15 or above. The response rate was 21.6%. The study used a questionnaire based on the third wave of the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS), which was carried out in all EU member states. EHIS consists of four modules on health status, health care provision, health determinants, and socioeconomic variables. The data are collected in a harmonised manner and therefore have a high degree of international comparability. They constitute an important source of information for European health policy and health reporting and are made available by the Statistical Office of the European Union (Eurostat). They also form the basis of the Federal Health Reporting undertaken in Germany. Data collection began in April 2019, just under a year before the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and continued into its initial phase, as of March 2020. As such, data from the current GEDA wave can also be used to conduct research into the health impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

MRI-based biomechanical studies can provide a deep understanding of the mechanisms governing liver function, its mechanical performance but also liver diseases. In addition, comprehensive modeling of the liver can help improve liver disease treatment. Furthermore, such studies demonstrate the beginning of an engineering-level approach to how the liver disease affects material properties and liver function. Aimed at researchers in the field of MRI-based liver simulation, research articles pertinent to MRI-based liver modeling were identified, reviewed, and summarized systematically. Various MRI applications for liver biomechanics are highlighted, and the limitations of different viscoelastic models used in magnetic resonance elastography are addressed. The clinical application of the simulations and the diseases studied are also discussed. Based on the developed questionnaire, the papers' quality was assessed, and of the 46 reviewed papers, 32 papers were determined to be of high-quality. Due to the lack of the suitable material models for different liver diseases studied by magnetic resonance elastography, researchers may consider the effect of liver diseases on constitutive models. In the future, research groups may incorporate various aspects of machine learning (ML) into constitutive models and MRI data extraction to further refine the study methodology. Moreover, researchers should strive for further reproducibility and rigorous model validation and verification.

This study attempts to categorise research conducted in the area of: use of machine learning in healthcare, using a systematic mapping study methodology. In our attempt, we reviewed literature from top journals, articles, and conference papers by using the keywords use of machine learning in healthcare. We queried Google Scholar, resulted in 1400 papers, and then categorised the results on the basis of the objective of the study, the methodology adopted, type of problem attempted and disease studied. As a result we were able to categorize study in five different categories namely, interpretable ML, evaluation of medical images, processing of EHR, security/privacy framework, and transfer learning. In the study we also found that most of the authors have studied cancer, and one of the least studied disease was epilepsy, evaluation of medical images is the most researched and a new field of research, Interpretable ML/Explainable AI, is gaining momentum. Our basic intent is to provide a fair idea to future researchers about the field and future directions.

The objective of this study was to investigate the factors that influence the consumer adoption of renewable energy in Thailand. The study adopted an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) by including three additional variables. The study applied a quantitative study methodology, with primary data collected using a survey of consumers in five major cities in Thailand. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings of the study indicated that perception of self-effectiveness, environmental concern, renewable energy awareness, and beliefs about renewable energy benefits have a significant and positive effect on consumers’ intention to adopt renewable energy. The cost of renewable was found to have a negative but non-significant influence on consumers’ adoption of renewable energy, while risk/trust perception was found to have a positive but non-significant influence on consumers’ adoption of renewable energy. The study concluded that stakeholders should take into account the aspects of perception of self-effectiveness, environmental concern, renewable energy awareness, and beliefs about renewable energy benefits when running campaigns to promote the consumer adoption of renewable energy in Thailand

Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical results provided by multi-layer cell-free scaffolds for the treatment of knee osteochondral defects. Methods A systematic review was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane to identify studies evaluating the clinical efficacy of cell-free osteochondral scaffolds for knee lesions. A meta-analysis was performed on articles reporting results of the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Tegner scores. The scores were analyzed as improvement from baseline to 1, 2, and ≥ 3 years of follow-up. The modified Coleman Methodology Score was used to assess the study methodology. Results A total of 34 studies (1022 patients) with a mean follow-up of 35 months was included. Only three osteochondral scaffolds have been investigated in clinical trials: while TruFit® has been withdrawn from the market for the questionable results, the analysis of MaioRegen and Agili-C™ provided clinical improvements at 1, 2, and ≥ 3 years of follow-up (all significantly higher than the baseline, p Conclusions Multi-layer scaffolds may provide clinical benefits for the treatment of knee osteochondral lesions at short- and mid-term follow-up and with a low number of failures, although the sport-activity level obtained seems to be limited. Further research with high-level studies is needed to confirm the role of multi-layer scaffold for the treatment of knee osteochondral lesions.

The objective of this study is to examine implementation of the international education (IE) policy (under the so-called Undang-Undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional (the Law of National Education System) and its legal derivatives) at high school level in Indonesia by investigating the policy text and its dynamic practices concerning the IE policies at both public and private schools. The study employs qualitative case study methodology combining data collection methods which include individual interviews to key resource persons and documents analysis at national, local and at school levels. Using the Vidovich policy framework, the study explores how national executive, legislative and judicial (states) bodies interact in formulating IE policy and how the policy has impacted at school level. Two schools of public and private that implemented international curriculum were selected as case studies. The study finds that the IE policy that was initially formulated at national level by relevant state authorities/agencies has however resulted in weakening role of the state due in part to its centralized feature (despite its decentralized implementation claim). Consequently, in the stage of its implementation at school level, providers of IE and their champions as non-state actors play significant roles. The study indicates importance and significance of relevant state authorities at local government level in the framework to offer effective supervision on the IE policy implementation.

This study explores impact factors that affect the adoption of digital payment systems in sub-Saharan Africa. In this article, we investigate the impact factors that subject-matter experts consider most important to the success of FinTech payment models. The data and their responses are evaluated through the lens of Christensen’s market-creation theory, which contends that the adoption of market-creating innovations by a mass swathe of heretofore non-consumers “pulls” framework conditions into place, including missing infrastructure and enabling regulation. Then, we compare the findings with the literature and three case studies of mobile money adoption in Kenya, South Africa, and Nigeria. This study addresses a gap in the literature regarding the payment and money transfer segment of FinTech innovations in Africa using a multiple case study methodology. We drew together information from multiple sources, including semi-structured interviews, archival data in the form of industry and regulatory reports, and observational field notes. Our findings suggest that enabling environments (Kenya) do jumpstart adoption and difficult frameworks (Nigeria) do evolve. This study will help FinTech innovators, academics, and policymakers to understand how technology and framework conditions impact payment business models in Africa.

The main objective of this study was to motivate EFL (English Foreign Language) students in learning English vocabulary by using collaborative video Project. This study followed a case study methodology to describe how video project experience can engage students to learn English and provide them an opportunity to participate in tasks as well as enrich their vocabulary. Twenty-five EFL students in the Vocabulary Building Course (VBC) participated in this study. This study used three phases for evaluations: the pre-production phase, production phase and post production phase. Data were collected from classroom observations, the video Project process and document analyses. A summary of the findings related to the video theme and narrative analysis of students’ videos are presented in this paper. Data analysis showed that students responded differently to their video project assignments and produced different types of collaborative videos with the help of a camcorder and computer application. Then, a survey was conducted to collect feedback from participants to learn their opinions and attitudes regarding the use of collaborative video project, students’ learning and motivation. Participants in this study expressed positive attitudes and opinions toward their video-project experiences. This study demonstrates that video Project can be a great tool for promoting students’ motivation and participation in learning English, enriching their vocabulary and can be an effective and powerful tool to create fun, interactive, and collaborative learning environments.

Cadmium is a toxic metal from 12th group and 5th period of the periodic table. It’s common its use in batteries manufacturing and metal alloys production. It is absorbed by the organism of animals and plants causing risks to human health by bioaccumulation. Even with proven levels of toxicity, complexes involving this atom have biological activity according to several studies. As a study methodology, data were prospected in different databases for patents and the scientific papers published in the period up 1962 to 2021. Only 3 patents were found regarding the biological activity of complexes containing cadmium, although 3.257 results have been found for Cd (II) articles. The database with the highest number of published articles was Scifinder with 63% (2.037) of the articles. Few articles approached anthelmintic activity, showing that future research related to chemical substances containing this metal is a possibility in the new anthelmintic drugs investigation. El cadmio es un metal tóxico del 12º grupo y el 5º período de la tabla periódica. Es común su uso en la fabricación de baterías y la producción de aleaciones metálicas. Es absorbido por el organismo de animales y plantas provocando riesgos para la salud humana por bioacumulación. Incluso con niveles probados de toxicidad, los complejos que involucran a este átomo tienen actividad biológica según varios estudios. Como metodología de estudio, se prospectaron datos en diferentes bases de datos de patentes y artículos científicos publicados en el período comprendido entre 1962 y 2021. Solo se encontraron 3 patentes sobre la actividad biológica de complejos que contienen cadmio, aunque se han encontrado 3.257 resultados para Cd (II) artículos. La base de datos con mayor número de artículos publicados fue Scifinder con el 63% (2.037) de los artículos. Pocos artículos abordaron la actividad antihelmíntica, mostrando que la investigación futura relacionada con sustancias químicas que contienen este metal es una posibilidad en la investigación de nuevos medicamentos antihelmínticos. O cádmio é um metal tóxico do 12º grupo e 5º período da tabela periódica. É comum seu uso na fabricação de baterias e produção de ligas metálicas. É absorvido pelo organismo de animais e plantas causando riscos à saúde humana por bioacumulação. Mesmo com níveis comprovados de toxicidade, complexos envolvendo esse átomo apresentam atividade biológica de acordo com diversos estudos. Como metodologia de estudo, foram prospectados dados em diferentes bases de dados de patentes e artigos científicos publicados no período de 1962 a 2021. Apenas 3 patentes foram encontradas referentes à atividade biológica de complexos contendo cádmio, embora tenham sido encontrados 3.257 resultados para Cd (II) artigos. A base de dados com maior número de artigos publicados foi Scifinder com 63% (2.037) dos artigos. Poucos artigos abordaram a atividade anti-helmíntica, mostrando que pesquisas futuras relacionadas a substâncias químicas contendo esse metal são uma possibilidade na investigação de novos anti-helmínticos.

Background: Adolescent eating disorder day programmes (DP), or partial hospitalization programs, are becoming increasingly widespread worldwide. They typically function as an alternative to inpatient care and/or a step up or down in treatment intensity. There has been an increase in the number of publications within the last 5 years investigating DP outcomes. While there are now numerous programmes operating internationally, there is large variability in the content, structure and theoretical underpinnings of each programme. This makes it difficult to compare programme outcomes, and the impact the therapeutic model may have.Aims: To review existing literature on adolescent eating disorder DP treatment models and outcomes.Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted. Four databases (PsychInfo, EMBASE, Medline, CENTRAL) were searched for relevant peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters investigating adolescent eating disorder DPs that function as alternatives to inpatient treatment. No restrictions on study methodology were imposed. Studies were first mapped by location, study characteristics and day programme treatment characteristics, then narratively synthesized.Results: Forty nine studies were included in this review. All used a quantitative methodology. One study also included qualitative methods. The majority of studies included describe DPs in the USA (69%). Seventy-six percent of the studies described DPs that operate 5-days per week and most (57%) either only admit or only report on outcomes for restrictive eating disorders. Two-thirds (69%) reported on DPs that had a family focused treatment model, the remainder had a more integrated treatment model informed mostly by individual psychotherapeutic models. Generally, DP treatment is associated with weight gain and improvements in eating disorder and comorbid psychopathology. The studies that include follow-up data (27%) reveal improvements are usually maintained from 3 months to 2 years post-treatment. Early weight gain, early psychological change and early therapeutic alliance are associated with improved end of treatment outcomes. Findings regarding other potential predictors of outcome are mixed.Conclusions: Current evidence suggests day programmes are an effective alternative to inpatient treatment that lead to sustained improvements. DPs tend to either be young-person-only with a family-focused treatment model or all age with a more integrative model. Controlled, empirical investigations into the impact of the therapeutic model on outcomes are needed, as are investigations into treatment mechanisms and the individual and parent experience of day programme treatment.

Introduction. The article actualizes the problem of monitoring the qualitative indicators of higher education in modern Russian universities. The opportunities for monitoring to identify the levels of university graduates’ satisfaction with the obtained education considering the rapidly changing socio-cultural and economic conditions are disclosed. Goal: substantiation of heuristic possibilities for monitoring the quality of higher education in accordance with the social demand. Methods. At the basis of the study methodology lies the systemic approach allowing the authors to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the specific features of monitoring. The analysis, generalization, and classification of the main indicators constituting the foundation for the study of university graduates’ satisfaction with the quality of education are conducted. Results. The article presents the results of monitoring studies and proposes a classification of methodological and methodical approaches to the study of the topic. Scientific novelty. The topic of monitoring university graduates’ satisfaction with the quality of education allows the authors to explore the main relevant problems of modern universities and disclose the potential of higher education. Practical significance. The acquired study results can be used in further research, scientific and methodical developments, and project activity aimed at improving students’ satisfaction with the educational process and promote the quality of pedagogical work.

Objectives Following surgical creation of arterio-venous fistulae (AVF), the desired outward remodeling is often accompanied by the development of neointimal hyperplasia (NIH), which can stymie maturation and may lead to thrombosis and access failure. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a non-invasive test, to detect and quantify the turbulent flow patterns believed to be associated with NIH development. Design This was a prospective, observational study. Ultrasound derived turbulence intensity ratios (USTIR) were calculated from spectral Doppler waveforms, recorded from newly formed AVF, and were compared with haemodynamic and structural changes observed during the initial maturation period. Setting Measurements were obtained by accredited Clinical Vascular Scientists, at the Royal Free Hospital, London. Participants Patients with newly created AVF were invited to participate in the study. A total of 30 patients were initially recruited with 19 participants completing the 10 week study protocol. Outcome measures The primary outcome measure was the development of NIH resulting in a haemodynamically significant lesion. The secondary outcome was successful maturation of the AVF at 10 weeks. Results Elevated USTIR in the efferent vein 2 weeks post surgery corresponded to the development of NIH formation (P = 0.02). A cut off of 6.39% predicted NIH development with a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 80%. Conclusion Analysis of Doppler waveforms can successfully identify deleterious flow patterns and predict inward luminal remodelling in maturing AVF. We propose a longitudinal follow up study to assess the viability of this technique as a surveillance tool.

Advances in technology, research development, and teaching practices have brought improvements in the training, levels of autonomy, and quality of life of people who need support and resources appropriate to their circumstances of disability. This article focuses on empirically analyzing the usefulness of treatments that have been supported by technology to answer the question "How do technological ecosystems being used help people with special educational needs?" The multiple case study methodology was used to address six categories of analysis: project data, objectives, processes, outputs and outcomes, technologies, and impact. The processes, open in communication, were characterized as transversal, ethical, and sustainable. The results yielded various technological ecosystems that support people with disabilities, deliver the help they need to improve their health, and provide enjoyable user experiences. At the same time, they promote the training and improvement of teaching methodologies and involve families in order to improve their knowledge, attitudes, and care of children, young people, and adults with functional diversity Erasmus+ Program of the European Union Commission. Research Group UCM 970781. Early Intervention: Prevention, Detection, and Intervention in Development and Its Disorders

The current study deals with participation in inter-institutional Communities of Practice (CoP) (Wenger, 1998) as a form of professional learning for experienced teacher educators who hold leadership positions in their institutions. In these CoPs, collaboration between teacher educators and policymakers resulted in expansive learning, which is the creation of new practical and theoretical knowledge, and a change of practice rather than adoption of knowledge constructed elsewhere. The current study describes three such communities, the expansive learning cycles that each of them triggered, and shared characteristics that may have contributed to these outcomes. The multiple case study methodology was employed. Data sources were interviews with thirteen participants (coordinators, Ministry of Education representatives and additional members from each CoP), and documents (such as meeting minutes and research papers) that were produced in each CoP. The findings show that expansive learning occurred due to a shared vision, reflective and critical dialogue, trusting relationship, and mutual support among participants. Furthermore, the inter-institutional composition of the CoPs, and the influential position of the participants within their respective organizations enabled them to introduce coordinated changes that transformed their practice at the individual, organizational and national levels.