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2. POUR UNE DATATION DU POEME DE QUATTUOR TEMPORIBUS ANNI (AL 864 IN APP. RIESE).
- Author
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Dehon, Pierre-Jacques
- Subjects
- *
MANUSCRIPTS , *POETRY (Literary form) , *SCHOLARS - Abstract
This paper focuses on the short poem De quattuor temporibus anni and the possible date of its composition. The quatrain, which was preserved in codex Phillippicus 1694 and in manuscript Reims, Bibliothèque Municipale 1275, appears within the critical apparatus to poem 864 of Riese’s edition of the Anthologia Latina and in Wernsdorf’s Poetae Latini minores. Almost nothing is known about this piece of work and the few scholars who have shown interest in proposing a date for it have been undecided between an earlier and a later production. Closer scrutiny of the evidence at our disposal, bringing together elements taken from the structure of the text itself, as well as from other Latin poems, allows us to draw clearer conclusions and identify a period between the end of the first century AD and the beginning of the fifth century AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
3. Ball Brooches in the Age of Citizen Science
- Author
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Jes Martens
- Subjects
ball brooches ,denmark ,chronology ,typology ,History of Eastern Europe ,DJK1-77 - Abstract
Ball brooches make a difficult research theme in Denmark. This is mainly because very few of the hitherto published specimens were found in a context or under circumstances that help to shed light on their chronology. The most recently published study is a very brief paper by Jesper Laursen on the chronology and typology of ball brooches (Laursen 1984). Laursen’s paper was published at a time when hobby metal detecting was only at its early stages in Denmark. Therefore, this hobby had not yet had its impact on the material. Metal detecting favors objects with much metal and since cultivated soil contains a lot of iron waste most hobby detectorists tend to screen for iron. Consequently, objects of bronze, silver and gold will have a tendency to dominate the finds brought in by these people, and especially massive objects.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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4. Les oppida, une parenthèse dans l’histoire de l’Europe tempérée ?
- Author
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Vincent Guichard
- Subjects
oppida ,Celtic world ,chronology ,urbanization ,Déchelette (Joseph) ,Salač (Vladimír) ,Social Sciences - Abstract
By asserting that “the Gaulish fortresses were not mere places of refuge […] but real cities occupied by a fixed population […] The oppidum was also the emporium, the market of the city […]”, Joseph Déchelette has durably conceptualized the notion of oppidum. A century later, this definition is, more or less, the one that has the favour of the whole community of Iron Age archaeologists. However, the exponential increase of data, concerning the oppida or more generally the entirety of the archaeological documentation relative to the period of the 2nd and 1st century BC, invites to an in-depth reconsideration of the analysis of Déchelette. That is what we evoked in our this paper, relying in particular on the work of Vladimir Salač, who in a series of recent papers considers that the archaeological data make possible to propose an interpretation of the advent of oppida opposed to Déchelette’s, namely, as the symptom of a “desurbanization”.
- Published
- 2017
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5. La difficile tâche du corps ressuscité dans Holy Motors de Leos Carax. Une poésie baroque des organes au cinéma.
- Author
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IOAN, Daria
- Subjects
BAROQUE aesthetics ,HUMAN body ,CHRONOLOGY - Abstract
One of the most significant aspects of Leos Carax's film Holly Motors is the "baroque" representation of the human body. Through the monstrous bodies imagined in the spirit of the cruel aesthetics of the Belle Epoque, Carax offers a new perspective upon the human corporeality. The aim of this paper is to explore the connection between space and a pulsating chain of physical hypostases in Carax's work. I will analyze the manner in which the ever changing body is related to a specific setting and how it contributes to the construction of a poetics of space. The French director restructures the Darwinian evolution theory and founds an inverted history of the body, in a dramatized chronology. Referring to a decadent era of the old motors, Carax imposes a repeated resurrection of the human flesh and blood, an idea which appears at the end of each episode of his film. I will try to demonstrate that Carax's deconstructed human body is the recipient of space changing, an aspect that is at the heart of his poetic film and which proves its Nouvelle Vague's inherited qualities. I also claim the existence of a connection between deconstructed perceptions and narrative development in a story that attempts to express the tragedy of fading technological entities through a fragmented and therefore frightening tragic poem about postmodern mankind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
6. Lex posterior derogat priori, lex specialis derogat generali Jalons pour une histoire des conflits de normes centrée sur ces deux solutions concurrentes.
- Author
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Halpérin, Jean-Louis
- Subjects
LAW -- Sources ,SOCIAL norms ,ROMAN law ,NATION-state ,MIDDLE Ages - Abstract
Lex posterior derogat priori, lex specialis derogat generali, Guidelines for a history of conflicting norms with a focus on these two competing solutions. -- The two Latin maxims, Lex posterior derogat priori and Lex specialis derogat generali, sometimes presented as evidentially logical, have a complex history and a delicate relationship (whereas the latter can contradict the former). They take their origins in the Digest, but in rather paradoxical forms: Lex posterior is coming from a text written in Greek by Modestinus, lex generalis is induced from a general regula exposed by Papinianus. How have these two ways of resolving the problem of conflicting norms emerged in Roman law? How have they been quoted and explained in canon and in civil law during the Middle Ages? How have they been used by sovereigns and in which scope do they serve the foundations of modern States? This paper tries to answer these questions by analyzing texts where the two maxims are mentioned and proposes to treat this subject as a significant chapter of the history of the sources of law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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7. Le Gravettien et l’Épigravettien de l’Est de la Roumanie : une réévaluation.
- Author
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Anghelinu, Mircea, Niţă, Loredana, and Murătoreanu, George
- Abstract
Résumé L’Est de la Roumanie est une région étendue sur 87 500 km 2 , ouverte vers les steppes orientales, et le lieu de la plus grande concentration connue des sites gravettiens et épigravettiens du pays. Les recherches archéologiques y ont commencé dès les années 1930 et ont été considérablement amplifiées durant les années 1950, avant la réalisation des projets hydrotechniques destinés à la construction des barrages sur les cours du Prut et de la Bistrița. Les efforts des équipes multidisciplinaires impliquées et les publications qui ont suivies ont eu l’effet de signaler le potentiel archéologique de la région et de déterminer la continuation des recherches. Bien que le temps et les ressources dédiés ont été importantes, les conclusions portant sur les phénomènes culturels du Paléolithique supérieur se sont avérées souvent contradictoires et, en quelque sorte, écartées de la dynamique culturelle européenne générale. De ce fait, la réévaluation présente essaie de mettre les informations liées à la chronologie, au paléomilieu et à la culture matérielle dans un cadre plus cohérent et plus intégré aux réalités des régions limitrophes. En synthétisant les données disponibles des sites gravettiens et épigravettiens de l’Est des Carpates, on a identifié la succession suivante : ( 1 ) une étape culturelle qu’on peut attribuer à l’Aurignacien sur la Vallée du Prut, mais dont la caractérisation ne peut être définie sur la Vallée de la Bistrița, entre 31 ka et 28 ka (chronologie non calibrée) ; ( 2 ) une présence gravettienne assez ancienne (vers 27 ka–25,5 ka), pour laquelle on remarque l’aménagement des supports laminaires à dos, le décor schématique d’un pendentif en pierre et le choix des coquilles perforées comme objets de parure ; ( 3 ) un horizon avec des pointes à cran, assez discret, que les datations de 25 ka à 23 ka, situe sur le même palier chronologique que les manifestations similaires européennes et pour lequel l’utilisation précaire de l’obsidienne annonce des contacts avec les ressources/les populations de l’Europe centrale ; ( 4 ) une interface Gravettien/Épigravettien, de 21 ka à 19 ka, caractérisée par plusieurs niveaux archéologiques, dans lesquelles on observe une amplification de la production/utilisation des lamelles et aussi de l’industrie en matières dures animales ; ( 5 ) une étape épigravettienne proprement-dite, de 18 ka à 16 ka, définie par l’élargissement des choix des matières premières exploitées, l’appel plus évident à l’aménagement à dos et par la diversification de la typologie ; ( 6 ) une dernière manifestation de l’Épigravettien, vers environ 14 ka, qui exprime des options technologiques plus ou moins similaires à celles notées pour l’étape précédente. Tout en prenant en compte les éléments de la variabilité régionale et les limites de la chronologie radiocarbone existante, il apparaît que le Gravettien et l’Épigravettien de l’Est de la Roumanie ont assez de similitudes avec les technocomplexes similaires de l’Europe centrale et orientale. Opening towards the eastern steppe landmass, the Eastern Romania area covers 87,500 km 2 , and shelters the biggest number of Gravettian and Epigravettian sites currently known. Archaeological researches in the area expanded in the 1950's, during the construction of dams on the Prut and Bistrița valleys. The efforts of the multidisciplinary teams involved and the subsequently published papers highlighted the archaeological potential of the region and, with some inevitable interruptions, investigations continued to this day. Although the time and resources spent were not modest, the outcomes regarding the Upper Palaeolithic cultural sequence often proved contradictory and somehow distant from the general European cultural dynamic. Thus, this reassessment tries to put the chronological, palaeoenvironmental, and empirical data in a more coherent framework. A synthesis of the available Gravettian and Epigravettian data east of the Carpathians reveals the following sequence: (1) an Aurignacian stage on the Prut Valley, paralleled by an indefinite Upper Palaeolithic stage, from sites on the Bistrița Valley, between 31 and 28 ka (uncal BP); (2) a quite early Gravettian presence, roughly between 27 and 25.5 ka, which includes backed laminar blanks, schematic decoration of one pendant, and the use of perforated shells as adornments; (3) a scant shouldered points stage, chronologically close to the European similar phases (25–23 ka), for which the feeble use of obsidian points toward contacts with Central European resources/populations; (4) a Gravettian/Epigravettian interface, between 21 and 19 ka, manifested within numerous archaeological layers, mainly through an increase in bladelets and organic artefacts production/use; (5) an Epigravettian stage, between 18 and 16 ka, largely defined through an upturn in raw material choices, backed implements production, and tool types; (6) one last, roughly 14 ka old Epigravettian stage, in which the technological choices recalled those of the previous one. Regional variability elements and radiocarbon chronology limitations considered, apparently, the Gravettian and the Epigravettian of Eastern Romania share quite a lot of traits with the corresponding Central and Eastern European technocomplexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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8. Chronologie du Paléolithique ouest africain : premières datations OSL de la Vallée de la Falémé (Sénégal).
- Author
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Lebrun, Brice, Tribolo, Chantal, Chevrier, Benoît, Lespez, Laurent, Rasse, Michel, Camara, Abdoulaye, Mercier, Norbert, and Huysecom, Éric
- Abstract
Résumé Depuis 2011, le programme de recherche international Peuplement Humain et Paléoenvironnement en Afrique (dir. Pr. É. Huysecom) concentre une partie de ses recherches sur la Vallée de la Falémé, à l’est du Sénégal. Plusieurs séries de vestiges provenant d’industries associées à l’ Early , au Middle et au Later Stone Age y ont en effet été identifiées. Cet article présente les premiers éléments de chronologie numérique obtenus pour la vallée à l’aide de la méthode de datation par luminescence stimulée optiquement (OSL). Les datations obtenues couvrent tout le Pléistocène supérieur, soulignant l’importance de la Vallée de la Falémé dans l’étude des dynamiques de peuplement et d’évolution culturelle de l’Homme préhistorique en Afrique de l’Ouest, région souvent délaissée des recherches en Préhistoire africaine. Since 2011, international research program Peuplement Humain et Paléoenvironnement en Afrique (dir. Pr. É. Huysecom) focus on the Falémé Valley, eastern Senegal. In this area, several lithic industries identified as Early, Middle and Latter Stone Age, are known. This paper introduces the first elements of chronology based on Optically Stimulated Luminescence dating. Obtained dates cover the entire upper Pleistocene, which underline the importance of the Falémé Valley in the study of settlement dynamics and cultural evolution of western African Prehistoric Man. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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9. Recent archaeological researches in the Vârghiș Gorges karst area (Eastern Carpathians, Romania). A synthesis of the 2014–2020 campaigns
- Author
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Cosac, M., Murătoreanu, G., Veres, D., Niță, L., Schmidt, C., Hambach, U., Radu, A., Cuculici, R., Buzea, D., Ștefan, D., Mărgărit, M., Vasile, Ș., Dumitrașcu, V., Robu, M., Petculescu, A., Sava, T., Georgescu, V., Șerbănescu, G., and Geambașu, I.
- Subjects
archaeozoology ,vârghiș gorges ,karst ,lithic analysis ,chronology ,palaeolithic ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
The Vârghiș Gorges karst system (Perșani Mountains, Eastern Carpathians) constituted a point of interest for speleologists, paleontologists and archaeologists since the second half of the 19th century. Their efforts succeeded in highlighting the notable archaeological potential of the area, although the actual research results were not always thoroughly reported. Since 2014, our team reunited specialists from 10 different institutions and various fields of research and initiated archaeological excavations, coupled with achaeozoological, sedimentological and chronometric investigations, in several caves within the Vârghiș Gorges. As the paper below will show, although the results obtained so far are definitively informative, further investigation are clearly needed, in order to accurately clarify aspects pertaining to the intricate cultural and chronological framework.
- Published
- 2021
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10. New research on the Middle Paleolithic of the Middle Prut Basin
- Author
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Vishnyatsky, L. and Burlacu, V.
- Subjects
chronology ,buzdujeni i ,teţcani x ,prut-dniester interfluve ,middle paleolithic ,stone industry ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
In 2015– 2017 the Prut-Dniester expedition from the Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences carried out field research at a number of Paleolithic localities in the middle reaches of the Prut and Dniester in the north-west of Moldova. This paper presents the results of new research at the Middle Paleolithic open air site of Teţcani X and the cave site of Buzdujeni I. The cultural layer of Teţcani X yielded a representative collection of flint artifacts. The flaking technology is oriented on the production of points, which were struck from unifacial single platform cores. The tool set is typical of Mousterian, no bifaces are present. The cave of Buzdujeni I was nearly completely excavated by N. A. Chetraru in the 1970’ s, but remained largely unpublished. The re-analysis of the old collection together with the materials obtained by us in 2017 challenges the once popular idea that the industry of Buzdujeni I belongs to Denticulate Mousterian, highlighting instead its Micoquian affinities such as presence of various bifacial tools. The available biostratigraphic and radiometric data, including newly obtained radiocarbon dates, appears to suggest that both sites can be broadly dated to the first half of MIS-3 or to MIS-4, with Teţcani X being probably somewhat older than Buzdujeni I
- Published
- 2021
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11. La Peña de Santana (Segovia, España): cazadores-recolectores magdalenienses en el interior de la península ibérica
- Author
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David Álvarez-Alonso, María De Andrés-Herrero, and Andrés Díez Herrero
- Subjects
cronología ,cuenca del duero ,gs2 ,tardiglacial ,chronology ,duero basin ,lateglacial ,Auxiliary sciences of history ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
La investigación del Paleolítico superior en el interior peninsular se ha ido intensificando en los últimos años, aunque es un proceso lento. A los yacimientos ya conocidos, como Estebanvela, Buendía o Verdelpino se han ido uniendo nuevos descubrimientos, contribuyendo a apartar definitivamente el panorama de un aparente despoblamiento, algo que ya no es posible mantener al menos a partir del UMG. En este trabajo presentamos el reciente hallazgo y excavación de un yacimiento magdaleniense en Segovia, en el pie de monte sur del Sistema Central. Se trata de un hallazgo de relevancia, que contribuye a plantear nuevas vías de investigación sobre el poblamiento a finales del Paleolítico superior en las zonas interiores de la península, y sus relaciones con el Cantábrico y la zona levantina. ABSTRACT: Upper Palaeolithic research in the interior of Iberia is being intensifying in recent years, although it is a slow process. New discoveries were added to the already known sites such as Estebanvela, Buendía o Verdelpino. This definitively contributed to removing the apparent depopulation panorama of this area at least from the LGM. This paper is focused on the recent discovery and excavation of a Magdalenian site in Segovia, in the southern foothills of the Central System. This is a relevant finding, which contributes to considering new research paths on settlement areas in interior areas of the Peninsula at the end of the Upper Palaeolithic, and its relationships with the Cantabrian and Levantine areas. Peña de Santana archaeological site was discovered in 2014 and only one excavation campaign was carried out to date, in 2020. The site is located on the right bank of the Eresma River, as it passes through the city of Segovia. From a geomorphological point of view, the site is located in a flat area at eh base of a Cretaceous dolomite escarpment of the fluviokarstic canyon formed by the vertical embedding and lateral movement of the Eresma River throughout the Quaternary as it crosses the Mesozoic fringe of the northern foothills of the Central Sierra de Guadarrama. The technotypological characterization and datings in the Peña de Santana lead us to an unquestionably Magdalenian context, located in the middle phase of this chronostratigraphic period, which is located in the final stages of the LGM, specifically between the end of the GS-2.1b and the beginning of the GS-2.1a. Both this site and the Peña de Estebanvela show enough evidence to link these occupations with the Cantabrian-Pyrenean area, much more likely than with the Mediterranean area. Data presented corresponds mainly to level 3, where the fauna shows a very high degree of fragmentation, as a result of the high anthropization of the collection. Faunal remains are dominated by horses, followed by small bovids and red deer. Lithic industry of this level is dominated by lamellar schemes, both for obtaining blades and small blades. There are also many scrapers (small blade end scrapers), burins (mostly dihedral), and backed bladelets.
- Published
- 2022
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12. El oppidum de Ornedo-Santa Marina (Valdeolea, Cantabria). Secuencia de dataciones absolutas y aproximación a su identidad
- Author
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Pedro Ángel Fernández Vega, Lino Mantecón Callejo, and Rafael Bolado del Castillo
- Subjects
edad del hierro ,romano ,cántabros ,cronología ,iron age ,roman ,cantabros ,chronology ,Auxiliary sciences of history ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
En este trabajo se presenta la secuencia de dataciones absolutas procedentes del oppidum de Monte Ornedo (Valdeolea, Cantabria) así como las características constructivas de las distintas estructuras defensivas. Gracias a ello ha sido posible conocer y fijar sus distintas adscripciones cronoculturales, permitiéndonos conocer su evolución desde la Segunda Edad del Hierro hasta la etapa imperial romana. ABSTRACT: In this paper we present the sequence of the absolute dating from the oppidum of Monte Ornedo (Valdeolea, Cantabria. Spain) and a study of its defensive architecture. Thanks to this, it has been possible to document two different occupation in the site. The first occupation was dated in the Second Iron Age, at which time the oppidum, defended by a stone wall, occupied the entire mount. At the end of 1st century B.C. the oppidum was destroyed by the Roman Army. As was usual in this process of conquest, on the top of Santa Marina was built a castellum, with an agger and a moat. The Iron Age peoble settled in the valley, creating a population center that could be identified with Iuliobriga.
- Published
- 2022
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13. Editorial In(ter)ference: Errata and Aporia in Lolita
- Author
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Bruce Stone
- Subjects
Lolita ,chronology ,errata ,aporia ,narration ,real ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Abstract
First identified in 1976, Lolita's calendar problem—the discrepant dates between Humbert's manuscript confession and John Ray's Foreword—remains the most stubborn enigma in the novel. Because the problem hinges on the notion of textual error, and on the reliability of Ray's claim that he has corrected the “obvious solecisms” in Humbert's manuscript, this paper begins by establishing the existence of Lolita's textual errata: a list of thirty-one solecisms appears at the end of the article. While the errata tell us little about the calendar problem, there is additional evidence—woven into the novel's structure and emerging in its connections to “'That in Aleppo Once…'”, Nabokov's 1943 short story—to support the conclusion that Humbert has fabricated much of his confession, and especially its last nine chapters. John Ray's Foreword, then, plays a crucial role in demarcating the boundaries of the “real” in the novel. Still a bumbler and buffoon, Ray does leave a detectable presence in Humbert's manuscript, a finding that serves to rebut the claim that Ray is Humbert's invention and which necessitates an alternate theory of the “real” in the novel's concluding chapters. The theory outlined in this paper begins to reconcile the text's discrepant dates and posits the innocence of Humbert's victim. Ultimately, the novel is engineered to conceal as much as it reveals, to leave readers with errata and aporia, error and uncertainty—fundamental conditions of Nabokov's aesthetic.
- Published
- 2010
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14. HISTORIA Y DEPORTE: LOS ORÍGENES DEL SURF A TRAVÉS DE LA PRENSA ESPAÑOLA.
- Author
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Esparza, Daniel
- Subjects
SURFING ,PRESS ,NAMES ,CHRONOLOGY ,HISTORY - Abstract
Copyright of Romanica Olomucensia is the property of Palacky University in Olomouc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
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15. L'image de la France dans les écrits d'un professeur de Transylvanie.
- Author
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TELEA, CORALIA and MÂRZA, IACOB
- Subjects
- *
GEOCRITICISM , *CHRONOLOGY , *CULTURAL property , *CIVILIZATION , *COLLEGE teachers ,WRITING - Abstract
Manifestations of a transhistorical and geocritical configuration are to be identified in Vormäz and in the work of one of the most typical representatives of the liberal (romantic) generation of intellectuals, i.e. professor Ioan Rusu (1811-1843). The latter taught -- at Ivyceura Episcopale Balaofalvense -- chronology, geography and universal history while also being the author of a very attractive textbook - Icoana pământulni sau Carte de Geografie, I-III, Blaj, 1842-1843 (The Icon of the earth or A geography textbook -- our translation). The present paper aims at a modern and systematic valorization of the pages dedicated to the French geography and history, which are included in three sections of the book - France A. All over B. Topography C. The French Colonies. The discourse of the Blaj professor contains observations and common sense opinions regarding the natural and cultural heritage of the country: the French borders, the general framework of the country, the natural beauties of France, the cultural horizon of its people, the low level of education in some social media, the moral and physical qualities of its inhabitants, the bravery of the French soldiers etc. From the perspective of a multicultural approach and by means of a geocritical perspective, Ioan Knsu's interest for the French culture and history finds its place within the ample and tough process of French culture and civilization penetration into the society of the Romanians in Transylvania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
16. L’Aurignacien en Basse Autriche : résultats préliminaires de l’analyse technologique de la couche culturelle 3 de Willendorf II et ses implications pour la chronologie du Paléolithique supérieur ancien en Europe centrale
- Author
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Nigst, Philip R. and Haesaerts, Paul
- Subjects
- *
ARCHAEOLOGICAL research , *PALEOLITHIC Period , *CLASSIFICATION of antiquities , *CHRONOLOGY - Abstract
Abstract: This paper gives an overview of the Aurignacian/EUP sites in Eastern Austria and presents preliminary results of an analysis of never-before-published lithics from the well-known site of Willendorf II. Preliminary results of typological and technological analyses (raw material studies, attribute analysis, and refitting) are presented. In comparison to the local late Middle Palaeolithic, to the Bohunician, and to the Szeletian, it indicates clear differences in reduction strategies. Further, the regional sequence in the Middle Danube Area from 45,000 to 30,000 BP is presented, and the various techno-complexes and their relationships are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
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17. La transition entre les Modes 2 et 3 en Europe : le rapport sur les gisements du Plateau Nord (Péninsule Ibérique)
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Terradillos-Bernal, Marcos and Díez-Fernández-Lomana, Juan-Carlos
- Subjects
- *
PLATEAUS , *PALEOLITHIC Period , *CHRONOLOGY , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL assemblages - Abstract
Abstract: In the current state of the debate about the Paleolithic in Europe the analysis of the transitional periods is one of the principal subjects. The accumulation of variable elements in time can determine a change in the technical systems from a more or less wide transitional phase. This paper will analyze the records of the North Plateau of the Iberian Peninsula for its chronology and/or for its technology as they are candidates for representing a transitional phase between the technological Modes 2 and 3 and will relate to the European context. This analysis will focus on support in the need to separate technological phenomena, transitions and the variability determined by the different spaces of occupation, the utilization of raw materials with unequal qualities and the functions of the site. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
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18. Le paléolithique supérieur au sud du Portugal : le site de Vale Boi
- Author
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Bicho, Nuno Ferreira, Gibaja, Juan Francisco, Stiner, Mary, and Manne, Tiina
- Subjects
- *
PALEOLITHIC Period , *OCCUPATIONS , *CHRONOLOGY , *ZOOARCHAEOLOGY , *STONE implements - Abstract
Abstract: Before the 90s, data on Paleolithic human occupation of southern Portugal was very scarce. During the last decade, the knowledge of the Upper Paleolithic of Algarve increased substantially due to the work of a research team based at the University of Algarve. The present paper is a report on the recent results from Algarve, focusing specially on the site of Vale Boi. It will present the chronology and stratigraphy of different human occupations from the early Upper Paleolithic up to the early Neolithic. It will focus on aspects of zooarchaeology and the exploitation of large and medium mammals as well as on marine fauna. In addition, we will present new data on stone and bone tools. Finally, we will also refer to the social and symbolic aspects present at the site, base on shell and teeth pendants and to an engraved plaquette with animal motifs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2010
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19. Cultura Starčevo-Criş în Nordul Munteniei. Cercetări recente la Seciu (jud. Prahova)
- Author
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Frînculeasa, A., Preda, B., Bălășescu, A., Soficaru, A., Negrea, O., and Nica, T.
- Subjects
radiocarbon data ,neolithic ,starčevo-criş culture ,ceramics ,burial ,chronology ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
This study aims to publish the results of the archaeological excavations carried out in 2012 in the Neoeneolithic site from Boldeşti-Scăieni, Seciu neighbourhood (Prahova County). The surface excavated in 2012 was small, comprised of two sections. Extensive research was performed at the site in 2009 ; the results were published in a monography and in several studies. Archaeological artefacts specific to the Starčevo-Criş culture, especially ceramics, but also an inhumation burial of a child were unearthed in 2012. Archaeozoological material was also found. An Eneolithic dwelling attributed to the Stoicani-Aldeni cultural aspect was found above the Early Neolithic habitation layer. Two radiocarbon dates were obtained from samples taken from the Neolithic layer. They are presented and analised in this paper in the broader context of the evolution of the Starčevo-Criş culture at the Lower Danube.
- Published
- 2015
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20. Phoenician ceramic tableware between East and West: some remarks on open forms and on their absolute chronology
- Author
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Sara Giardino
- Subjects
Phoenician Pottery ,chronology ,14C dating ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
In this paper a typological and chronological framework of the evolution of open forms of the Phoenician table pottery is outlined, starting from the Iron Age documentation of the Syro-Palestinian coast (11th-6th centuries BC) up to the colonial elaborations of the Iberian Peninsula (9th-6th centuries BC). The definition of the chrono-typological horizons identified in both areas is combined with an analysis of the issues affecting the absolute chronology of the Iron Age in the Mediterranean basin. The focus is on the early stages of the Phoenician presence in West, given the increasing number of archaic evidences emerged notably at Huelva and Cádiz. The analysis is also carried out through the comparison with other archaic contexts recently come to light, for example, at Utica and Carthage.
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- 2017
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21. Vinča-Belo Brdo: Vernissages of eneolithic belgrade and its vicinity I
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Spasić Miloš
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Vinča ,Eneolithic ,Baden and Kostolac culture ,Settlement organization ,Chronology ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
The following paper will discuss the problems of Eneolithic settlements of Baden and Kostolac culture at Vinča near Belgrade. Eneolithic horizons from Vinča site were scarcely published owing to the fact that both Baden and Kostolac layers are not well stratified because of heavy medieval devastations. In spite of all post-depositional destructions Eneolithic settlements at Vinča show enormous significance for understanding the life of the period, both on the micro and macro-regional scale. At the same time, this work is a sort of an insight into the results of ongoing analysis of material culture and socio-economic patterns of Eneolithic period settlements in Belgrade and its vicinity.
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- 2009
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22. Céramique, environnement et chronologie du monde égéen et balkanique du 7e au 2e millénaire av. J.-C
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Tsirtsoni, Zoï, Tsirtsoni, Zoi, Protohistoire égéenne (ProtoEgéenne), Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Lumière Lyon 2, and Haris Procopiou
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[SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,Balkan Archaeology ,Néolithique ,Balkans ,Datations C14 ,Environment ,Céramique ,Ceramic ,C14 dating ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Environnement ,Age du Bronze ,Monde égéen ,[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,Neolithic & Chalcolithic Archaeology ,Aegean Bronze Age ,Chronology - Abstract
Since I obtained my PhD in 1999, my research activities evolved along three main axes. The first, pottery, continues the issues and research opportunities that arose during my PhD years. The other two, chronology and environment, were added along the way. Many threads link these three research areas together: evolution and sequence building, access to resources and raw materials, formation of territories… In my case, however, an additional connecting thread is obvious: Dikili Tash. This is the name of the site in Northern Greece, a tell settlement mainly occupied during the Neolithic and Bronze Age, where I am working since thirty years now, co-directing research for the last twelve years. Dikili Tash is the keysite for almost all my scientific projects and main ground for my training activities, as well as for activities of promotion and knowledge dissemination. Its place in my career is so important that it has to be considered as a fourth, transversal axis.Axis 1: PotteryMy first research activities were carried out in the continuity of my thesis, which concerned pottery from the beginning of the Late Neolithic period (5400-4800 B.C.) in Macedonia. Many of them were launched or completed during the years that I spent as a member of the French School at Athens (1999-2001), such as the publication of two substantial articles deriving from my thesis, the launching of a research programon the production of Neolithic pottery with painted « black-on-red » decoration in Northern Greece, and the study of pottery from the 1986-1996 French excavations at Dikili Tash (unpublished).Concerning pottery typology, I defended the idea that study should concentrate on complete or well preserved vessels, rather than fragments, and analysis should be based on the association of characteristics (technological, morphological, aesthetic), instead of favoring one or the other of those characteristics, such as fabric, shape or decoration. Types, when defined in this way, are based on vases that really exist and can, for this reason, be subjected to functional analysis. Regarding this last aspect, I was one of the first, at least in my chronogeographical domain, to speak of the distinction between function and use, and to propose a series of steps that would lead the archeologist to identify one or the other. The adoptedapproach led me to formulate a series of propositions concerning the multiple roles of the vessels under study, in terms of both their utilitarian use (conservation, consumption, cooking,etc.) and their position in the social life of the Neolithic populations (individual or shared, ineveryday or socially valued contexts).My appointment in the Laboratory of Archaeometry and Archaeology at Lyon, following my recruitment by the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) in 2004, was for me the opportunity to initiate new projects in the field of pottery studies. Among the investigated topics were: vessels with legs, graphite-painted Neolithic pottery, emergence and uses of the first Early Neolithic ceramic vessels, Neolithic “lamps”. Some ofthese projects were carried out and led to publications, others were abandoned or postponed.Subsequently, even though other subjects took up my attention, pottery has always held an important place in my activities. I implemented and directed the processing, recording and studying of ceramic material collected at Dikili Tash since 2008. On that occasion, I carried out the training of students, teaching “good practice” to the young members of our team and the participants to a doctoral on-site training course organized in 2010, with the support of the French School at Athens. Concerning more specific topics, I led the study and publication of the finds from the Final Neolithic/Final Chalcolithic level (end of 5th-early 4thmill. B.C.) at Dikili Tash, a major discovery of the 2013 campaign, and that of twopottery fragments decorated with gold, identified during the 2016-2017 study campaigns, whose best parallels are found in the necropolis of Varna (late 5th mill. B.C.). Such discoveries renew our knowledge on crafts and society during these periods, and invite us to reconsider some well-established schemes, for example about the distinction between lowland tell sites and the others, or between rich necropolises and “ordinary” settlements.Between 2016 and 2021, I have been member of the ERC program PLANTCULT. Investigating the food cultures of ancient Europe: an interdisciplinary investigation of plant ingredients, culinary transformation and evolution through time, in charge of the coordinationof studies on cooking vessels. Two important papers are already produced, one on cooking dishes in the prehistoric Aegean, the other on experiments aiming to the reproduction and use of Neolithic prototypes; three more are submitted or in press.Axis 2: ChronologySince my PhD thesis, I have been confronted with the terminological inconsistencies of the chronological schemes of the Aegean and Balkan prehistory and intrigued by the multiple “readings” of past events. As a young researcher I had the opportunity to carry out, thanks to a funding from the French National Research Agency (ANR) between 2007 and 2011, a multidisciplinary research project dealing with the transition from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age in Greece and Bulgaria, a period that provided contradictory clues on cultural evolution. Radiocarbon dates produced in the last decades had seriously tipped the scales in favor of a break in the biggest part of the territory, since they showed that, at the sites whereboth periods were present, many centuries separated the levels of the last Neolithic/Chalcolithic stages from the first levels of the Bronze Age. Depending on the sites and the precision of the measurements, the gap stretched from c. 4300/4000 to 3400/3000 B.C., i.e. practically one millennium. Despite that, cultural continuity was claimed by a majority of scholars in Greece. Research conducted in the framework of the “Balkans 4000” project followed two axes: one strictly archaeological, through a reexamination of existing data and producing of new 14C dates from a large number of sites in the two countries; the other paleoenvironmental, comprising geomorphological investigations in selected “environmentally sensitive” zones in Northern Greece. In both cases, we adopted a multi-scalar approach, allowing to investigate local, regional and supra-regional phenomena. The results confirmed an abandonment of Neolithic/Chalcolithic sites at a moment largely predating the start of Early Bronze Age, butwhich was not the same everywhere. In fact, it has been possible to distinguish several chronological “thresholds”: around 4350, 4300/4250, 4000/3900, 3800/3700 B.C., without any obvious progress or patterning, indicating that the reason of the abandonments could not be unique as sometimes suggested (e.g. invasions or a major climatic change). At regional scale, almost no part of the territory was totally depopulated during the major part of the “lost millennium”. These results have been presented in a book, The Human Face of Radiocarbon: Reassessing chronology in prehistoric Greece and Bulgaria, 5000-3000 cal BC, published in 2016 under my direction.The “Balkans 4000” program created, where it did not already exist, or strengthened, where it existed, a trusting relationship among the collaborators. It also demonstrated the potential of the approach – favor the quality of contexts rather than the quantity of measurements – by providing finer and sounder results. The dynamic created from all this was expressed through a high interest in 14C dates and many collaboration proposals in Greece and Bulgaria during the following years, and until today. In addition of producing new data, I chose to get more familiar with the principles and tools of chronological statistics modeling, also known as Bayesian. I was trained more specifically to the Chronomodel software program and used it in many occasions, mainly for the analysis of the c. 140 14C and TL/OSL dates presently available at Dikili Tash (OS-1:chapter 9), for the study of Bronze Age chronology in South Bulgaria and neighboring areas and, lastly, in the unpublished manuscript The time and its names: constructing a new chronology in the Aegean-Balkan area from the 7th to the 4th millennium B.C., included in the present file (HDR vol. 2). Instead of proposing yet one more periodization scheme that would recycle commonplace but ambiguous qualitative terms (Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Early, Middle, Late, Final), I elaborate in this book a neutral common reference system, based on our latest knowledge of stratigraphic sequences and absolute dates from a number of wellinvestigated sites. For the synthesis I assemble 2000 dates, mostly 14C, collected from the archaeological literature or produced under my responsibility during the previous years. They come from more than a hundred sites in Greece and Bulgaria, the two countries on which my research has focused, but also from sites in Asia Minor and European Turkey.Axis 3: Relationship between environment and societiesEnvironmental aspects were included in the research topics and concrete actions of the “Balkans 4000” program. The results suggest that the abandonment of Neolithic sites in Northern Greece and, extrapolating, the abandonment of Chalcolithic sites in Bulgaria is the result of local choices, which might not be totally independent though from one another. The triggering factors might be looked for in the domain of climate, which seems to turn more humid around the end of the 5th millennium B.C. Nevertheless, these factors would not have had such an impact on settlement, if the societies had not declined. These results, without denying the very important role of climate, contradict thus the current deterministic theories.I further actively collaborated in the paleoenvironmental research conducted at Dikili Tash, around the transition between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age as well as around the start of the settlement, which we have dated back to the mid-7th millennium B.C.In 2013 I integrated the Work Group “Environmental changes and societies in the past” within the Cluster of Excellence Territorial and Spatial Dynamics (Labex DynamiTe) of Paris 1 University, which I coordinate since 2014. Among the various actions organized upon my initiative was a public conference-debate with B. Weninger, adherent of the “climatic archaeology”, and a session on the comparative study of time in intra- and extra-site sequences within the 18th World Congress of the UISPP in 2018. Both actions resulted to publications (ACLN-1; DO-2, 5). More recently (2018-2019), I have supervised a post-doctoral research on environmental evolution and archaeological visibility in Northern Greece and Bulgaria from the 7th to the 2nd millennium B.C., which is part of a broader project to come.Transversal axis 4: Dikili TashDikili Tash is at the root of practically all my other works and projects, by the wealth of its remains as well as by the possibilities of exploration it offers since many decades, thanks to the implementation of an international research frame that is scientifically open and financially solid. For 12 years now, I endeavor to perpetuate the continuity of this frame, and indeed to increase its range in order to include even more participants – students, collaborators, and soon perhaps also the public. As a simple member of the scientific team, until 2007, I worked on issues related topottery, but also on stratigraphy and chronology, and participated to the interpretation of the excavations carried out previously under the direction of R. Treuil and H. Koukouli-Chryssanthaki. Between 2008 and 2018 I co-directed a new program, whose ambition was to reconstruct the entire history of the site, from the first human settlements until the modern era, through a combination of intensive and extensive archaeological research, advanced geomorphological investigation and targeted 14C dates. As early as 2011, we have acknowledged the necessity to publish together (i.e. not as separate research programs) all the works and results of the last thirty years, concerning the tell’s topography and physical environment, the stratigraphy, architectural remains and contexts, as well as the dates. This project required much effort in order to unify all databases and to handle data recording in retrospect. The first version of the manuscript, Dikili Tash, village préhistorique de Macédoine orientale, volume II, 2. Histoire d'un tell : les recherches 1986-2016 (Dikili Tash, a prehistoric village in Eastern Macedonia, volume II, 2. History of a tell), was submitted in June 2018. I am the principal author of four out of ten chapters and co-sign the six others. This monograph, now in press, marked the completion of a cycle and opened the way for the next steps: the publication of detailed thematic studies from the 1986-2016 investigations on one hand, and the resuming of fieldwork on the other. A new cycle of excavations started indeed in 2019, focusing on the transition from the Early to theLate Bronze Age and the investigation of the earliest Neolithic stages. The Greek-French archaeological mission of Dikili Tash was awarded in 2020 the Great prize of Archaeology of the Simone and Cino Del Duca Foundation – Institut deFrance, the most prestigious French award in the domain of archaeology., Depuis l’obtention de ma thèse de doctorat en 1999, sur les poteries du début du Néolithique Récent (5400-4800 av. J.-C.) en Macédoine, mes activités se sont structurées autour de trois axes principaux. Le premier de ces axes, la céramique, prolonge les préoccupations et les opportunités de mes années de thèse. En tant que membre scientifique de l’École française d’Athènes, entre 1999 et 2001, j’ai publié deux articles de synthèse issus de mon doctorat et achevé l’étude morpho-technologique et fonctionnelle des céramiques issues des fouilles françaises des années 1986-1996 sur le site protohistorique de Dikili Tash, en Macédoine orientale grecque. J’ai coordonné un programme sur les poteries néolithiques à décor peint « noir-sur rouge » et lancé de nouvelles recherches, sur les vases à pieds et sur les « lampes » néolithiques, entre autres. Plus tard, j’ai conçu et piloté la chaîne de traitement, d’enregistrement et d’étude du mobilier céramique mise en place à partir de 2008 pour le nouveau programme de recherches à Dikili Tash ; j’ai également formé des étudiants dans ce domaine. En tant que membre du programme ERC « PlantCult » (2016-2021), j’ai coordonné des recherches sur les récipients de cuisson protohistoriques. Les deux autres axes, la chronologie et l’environnement, sont venus s’ajouter en cours de route. Le projet ANR Jeune Chercheur « Balkans 4000 » que j’ai coordonné entre 2007 et 2011, sur la transition du Néolithique à l’âge du Bronze en Grèce et en Bulgarie au 4e millénaire av. J.-C, combinait des recherches sur ces deux axes. Il a permis de confirmer, mais aussi de réduire, le hiatus séparant les dernières manifestations du Néolithique/Chalcolithique des premiers niveaux connus du Bronze Ancien. La variable climatique a été réévaluée dans le même cadre. La dynamique scientifique créée par ce projet se poursuit jusqu’à aujourd’hui. M’étant formée aux principes et aux outils d’analyse bayésienne, j’ai approfondi mes recherches dans ce domaine, d’une part en traitant le dossier des datations de Dikili Tash, d’autre part en travaillant sur la chronologie de l’âge du Bronze en Bulgarie du Sud et dans les régions limitrophes. L’ouvrage inédit joint au dossier, s’inscrit dans la même lignée, puisqu’il est consacré à la construction d’une nouvelle chronologie en Égée et dans son pourtour balkanique pour la période du 7e au 4e millénaire avant J.-C. Plutôt que de proposer un énième schéma de périodisation en recyclant des appellations qualitatives courantes mais ambiguës (Néolithique, Chalcolithique, Ancien, Moyen, Récent, Final), j’élabore un système de référence commun neutre, fondé sur nos connaissances les plus récentes des séquences stratigraphiques et de la chronologie absolue de sites précis. Pour cette synthèse, je mobilise environ 2000 dates, provenant d’une centaine de sites, répartis dans les deux pays qui sont au coeur de mes recherches, la Grèce et la Bulgarie, mais aussi en Asie Mineure et en Turquie européenne.Le groupe de travail « Changements environnementaux et sociétés dans le passé » au sein du Labex DynamiTe de l’université de Paris 1, dont j’assure le copilotage depuis 2014, s’inscrit dans le dossier « Environnement ». Une série d’opérations de terrain menées en Bulgarie en 2018-2019 grâce à un financement du Labex préfigure un projet plus ambitieux sur les dynamiques environnementales et la visibilité des sites protohistoriques dans cette partie du monde égéo-balkanique. Les différents domaines de mes activités – recherche, formation, valorisation– se croisent à Dikili Tash, site où je travaille depuis une trentaine d’années, les 12 dernières en tant que co-directrice du programme. À ce titre, j’ai pris une grande part dans la conception et la réalisation des nouvelles recherches, qui ont permis, entre autres, d’allonger de presque 1000 ans la séquence d’occupation, fournissant pour la première fois des indices concrets du Néolithique Ancien dans la région, de renouveler nos connaissances sur les dernières étapes du Néolithique (5e -4e millénaire av. J.-C.), en matière d’habitat, d’économie et d’artisanat, et de réviser la nature et la durée d’occupation du Bronze Récent (2e mill. av. J.-C.). Je suis également co-auteure du volume de synthèse sur les recherches 1986-2016, sous presse. La mission franco-hellénique de Dikili Tash a été récompensée en 2020 par le Grand Prix d’archéologie de la fondation Simone et Cino Del Duca – Institut de France.
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- 2021
23. Les débuts de l’âge du fer en Belgique. Chronologie relative, chronologie absolue
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Warmenbol, Eugène and Leclercq, Walter
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âge du Fer ,HD ,chronologie ,Belgique ,âge du Bronze ,Belgium ,Archaeology ,Iron Age ,vallée du Rhône ,chronology ,SOC003000 ,Fer - Abstract
Nous proposons un aperçu des acquis récents concernant les débuts de l’âge du Fer en Belgique. Quelques sites d’habitat ont été fouillés récemment, quelques nécropoles explorées anciennement ont été soumises à un nouvel examen. L’éclairage apporté par les dates radiocarbone s’avère particulièrement intense. La date obtenue pour la tombe 72 de la nécropole de Neerharen-Rekem (Limburg), qui contenait trois épées en bronze du type Gündlingen/Villement, semble particulièrement importante : entre 840 BC et 795 BC, après calibration. Le passage de l’âge du Bronze à l’âge du Fer est en Belgique un processus essentiellement endogène. This paper gives an introduction to the latest discoveries concerning the beginning of the Iron Age in Belgium. A few interesting settlements have been excavated recently, some older finds from burial grounds have been reexamined. The rediocarbon dates for the period are especially illuminating. The dating of tomb 72 in the cemetery of Neerharen-Rekem (Limburg), with three bronze swords of Gundlingen/Villement type, seems particularly important: 840 to 795 BC, after calibration. The transition from the Bronze to the Iron Age is essentially an endogenous process in Belgium.
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- 2020
24. L'investissement socialement responsable.
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REVELLI, CHRISTOPHE
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FINANCE ,INVESTMENTS ,DEBATE ,LONGITUDINAL method ,CHRONOLOGY ,GOAL (Psychology) ,FINANCIAL performance - Abstract
Copyright of Revue Française de Gestion is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2013
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25. Spatial and temporal biodiversity variations in a high mountain environment: the case of the proglacial margin of the Evettes, Natura 2000 area (Savoie, French Alps)
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Pierre Pech, Sylvie Arques, Vincent Jomelli, Ingrid Maillet, Noémie Melois, and Myrtille Moreau
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vegetation dynamics ,Alps ,glacier foreland ,periglacial geomorphology ,biodiversity ,chronology ,Geography (General) ,G1-922 - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the changes in plant cover after the recent glacier retreat, in an alpine environment. The selected study site in Savoie in the French Alps (2502-2509m asl), belonging to the European network Natura 2000, provides favourable conditions for the study due to the flat glacier foreland, where the glacier did not advance since the Little Ice Age. Data collected from 110 botanical plots were correlated with dated glacial and proglacial landforms. Species diversity has been analysed using the Shannon-Weaver index, the Grime classification, and the uncommon species described in the European list of Natura 2000 European Network. Classical and multivariate analyses have been made to determine the impact of the glacial retreat on the biodiversity variation. We show that the changes in species richness and vegetation cover were related to the distance from the glacier front. The biodiversity index was less than 2.5 near the glacier but above 4 at the furthest point. The highest plant diversity, however, was observed at an intermediate position, where competitive and pioneer plants were equally represented in the field. This location, concurrently, showed the highest heterogeneity in the activity of periglacial processes. It seems that the most heterogeneous and disturbed soils, due to inherited deposits and currently active periglacial processes, are responsible for an increase in biodiversity.
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- 2007
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26. The Chronology of the Levantine Middle Palaeolithic Period in Retrospect
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Ofer Bar-Yosef and Liliane Meignen
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chronology ,Mousterian ,radiométric datation ,settlement ,Upper Pleistocene ,History of Civilization ,CB3-482 - Abstract
During the last 20 years, in the context of new interdisciplinary research projects in the Near East, significant changes have emerged in our ideas about the origin and early evolution of Modern Humans. Most of these changes are the result of the development and application of dating techniques such as TL and ESR but no less have the advent of lithic technological studies contributed refinements in the classical tripartite scheme of the Levantine Middle Palaeolithic. The aim of this paper is to explore in retrospect the various proposals for dating the archaeological deposits in which human fossils have been recovered. New hypotheses based on the recent dating are presented radiometric ignoring certain ambiguities.
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- 1999
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27. L’ordre du miracle : temps et espace dans les Miracula sancti Vedasti (BHL 8510), sancti Huberti (BHL 3996) et sancti Remacli (BHL 7120-7125)
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Valentine Jedwab and Nicolas Schroeder
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Linguistics and Language ,History ,Literature and Literary Theory ,geography ,narrative order ,chronology ,space-time ,miracle ,Hagiography ,verhaalorde ,chronologie ,ruimte-tijd ,Hagiografie ,geografie ,wonder ,Language and Linguistics ,ordre du récit ,espace-temps ,géographie ,Hagiographie - Abstract
This paper explores the narrative structure of time and space in three miracle collections written in Benedictine monasteries around the middle of the ninth century : the Miracula sancti Vedasti (bhl 8510), sancti Huberti (bhl 3996) and sancti Remacli (bhl 7120-7125). These collections, which seem to be structured by the living memory of their authors, combine a precise circular temporality and a less precise linear temporality which does not exceed one generation in depth. The Miracula sancti Vedasti and Huberti present a spatial structure which is centered on the monastery : the saint heals those who come and solicit him. He also occasionally extends his protection beyond the monastery, over property and goods. While Remaclus also heals at his tomb, he very often acts at a distance, within a multipolar space where he surveils, punishes, or rewards the familia the tenants, small landowners, craftsmen, and donators evolving around the monastery, its churches, and estates., Cet article analyse la structuration du temps et de l’espace dans trois récits de miracles rédigés dans des monastères bénédictins autour du milieu du ixe siècle : les Miracula sancti Vedasti (bhl 8510), sancti Huberti (bhl 3996) et sancti Remacli (bhl 7120-7125). Ces récits, qui semblent reposer sur la mémoire des narrateurs, combinent un temps circulaire, précis, et un temps linéaire, plus flou, dont la profondeur ne dépasse pas une génération. Les Miracula sancti Vedasti et Huberti présentent un espace centré sur le monastère : le saint guérit celles et ceux qui viennent le solliciter au tombeau. Il peut étendre occasionnellement sa protection à distance sur leurs biens. En plus de guérir au tombeau, Remacle se manifeste nettement plus souvent à distance, dans un espace multipolaire au sein duquel il surveille, punit ou récompense les dépendants, tenanciers, alleutiers, artisans et donateurs qui gravitent autour du monastère, de ses églises et domaines., Dit artikel analyseert de structurering van tijd en ruimte in drie verslagen over mirakelen, geschreven in benedictijnse kloosters rond het midden van de negende eeuw : de Miracula sancti Vedasti (bhl 8510), sancti Huberti (bhl 3996) en sancti Remacli (bhl 7120-7125). Deze verhalen, die lijken te rusten op het geheugen van de vertellers, combineren een circulaire en precieze tijd en een lineaire maar vagere tijd, waarvan de diepte één generatie niet overschrijdt. De Miracula Sancti Vedasti en Huberti laten een rond het klooster geconcentreerde ruimte zien : de heilige geneest mensen die bij zijn graf om hulp komen vragen. Hij kan af en toe zijn bescherming op afstand aanbieden, zoals over hun bezittingen. Naast genezing bij zijn graf, manifesteert zich Remaclus vaker op afstand, in een multipolaire ruimte waarin hij straft, beloont en toezicht houdt op de afhankelijken, eigenerfde, ambachtslieden en schenkers die rond het klooster, zijn kerken en zijn domeinen leven., Jedwab Valentine, Schroeder Nicolas. L’ordre du miracle : temps et espace dans les Miracula sancti Vedasti (BHL 8510), sancti Huberti (BHL 3996) et sancti Remacli (BHL 7120-7125). In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 96, fasc. 2, 2018. Histoire – Geschiedenis. pp. 477-492.
- Published
- 2018
28. Chronologie du site moustérien de type Quina des Pradelles (Marillac-le-Franc, Charente, France)
- Author
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Frouin , Marine, Lahaye , Christelle, Mercier , Norbert, Guibert , Pierre, Couchoud , Isabelle, Texier , Jean-Pierre, Royer , Aurélien, Costamagno , Sandrine, Beauval , Cédric, Bourguignon , Laurence, Meignen , Liliane, Bordes , Jean-Guillaume, Seguin , Guillaume, Bocherens , Hervé, Lacrampe-Cuyaubère , François, Muth , Xavier, Grün , Rainer, Garralda , Maria Dolores, Vandermeersch , Bernard, Mann , Alan. E., Maureille , Bruno, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut de recherche sur les archéomatériaux ( IRA ), Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne ( EDYTEM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Paléobiodiversité et Evolution ( PALEVO ), École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ), Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés ( TRACES ), École des hautes études en sciences sociales ( EHESS ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives ( Inrap ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), SARL Archéosphère, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives ( Inrap ), Culture et Environnements, Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen-Age ( CEPAM ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Éveha - études et valorisations archéologiques ( Éveha ), Forschungsbereich Paläobiologie - Biogeologie, Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment ( HEP ) -Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Get In Situ, ARCHE, Griffith University [Brisbane]-Environmental Futures Research Institute, U. D. de Antropología Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid [Madrid] ( UCM ), Department of Anthropology, Princeton University, Région Aquitaine, Ministère de la Culture, du Service Régional de l’Archéologie (DRAC Poitou-Charentes), du Conseil Général de la Charente, du Conseil Municipal de Marillac-le-Franc (et de ses habitants), de Princeton University, du CNRS, de l’Université de Bordeaux, de l’UMR5199 PACEA, du projet scientifique de la Région Aquitaine : Transitions, d’une société à l’autre processus d’adaptation et de peuplements, convention n° 20051403003AB, du projet scientifique : NéMo (LabEx des Sciences archéologiques de Bordeaux, ANR - n°ANR-10-LABX-52 / LaScArBx), du projet scientifique de la région Nouvelle Aquitaine : Neanderthalenses Aquitanensis: Territoires, Chronologie, Humanité convention n° 2016-1R40204-00007349-00007350., and ANR-10-IDEX-03-02/10-LABX-0052,LaScArBx,Using the world in ancient societies : processes and forms of appropriation of space in Long Time ( 2010 )
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chronologie ,TL ,[ SHS.ARCHEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,Quina ,radiocarbon ,OSL ,radiocarbone ,chronology ,Marillac ,U-Th ,[ SDU.STU.GC ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry ,Les Pradelles ,Neandertal - Abstract
20 pages; National audience; This paper presents achronological framework for the site of Les Pradelles (Marillac-le-Franc, Charente, France). In the East locus of the site,four meters of sediments preserve late Middle Paleolithic archaeological materials with Quina Mousterian lithicsassociated with abundant reindeer-dominated faunal remains.During the most recent excavations conducted by B. Maureille and A. Mann between 2001 et 2013, only two dates wereobtained in this locus: one was a single burnt flint dated by thermoluminescence (TL) and the second, was a singlespeleothem located at the base of the sequence dated using uranium-series disequilibrium (U-Th). The top layers fellbeyond the radiocarbon limit. Owing to the scarcity of datable material, only a relative chronology was proposed for thesite (Maureille et al. 2008).As part of a multidisciplinary project that aims to define a reliable chronological framework for understanding the variabilityof Neandertal cultures in the SW France, we dated the sedimentary deposits of the Les Pradelles site using OpticallyStimulated Luminescence (OSL) techniques. The results of these techniques applied on various materials (quartz andfeldspars), as well as previously obtained radiometric datasets improve the chronostratigraphy of the site. They constrainthe age of the Neandertal remains and the Quina occupations between the end of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4 andduring MIS 3, up to 50 ka BP.; Cet article présente une synthèse des données chronologiques du site des Pradelles (Marillac-le-Franc,Charente, France). Le gisement se caractérise dans son locus est par un remplissage de près de quatre mètresd’épaisseur ayant livré des dépôts de la fin du Paléolithique moyen dans lesquels une industrie moustérienne de typeQuina est associée à une faune abondante largement dominée par le renne. Durant les fouilles conduites parB. Maureille et A. Mann entre 2001 et 2013, les données chronologiques obtenues pour ce locus ont été peunombreuses : une datation par thermoluminescence (TL) sur un silex chauffé et une autre par U-Th sur un spéléothèmesitué dans la partie inférieure de la séquence. Plusieurs datations par le radiocarbone ont été également réalisées surdes ossements provenant du sommet du remplissage, mais se sont révélées partiellement infructueuses en raison del’ancienneté des vestiges. Ces données constituent des jalons importants permettant d’esquisser une chronologiepréliminaire de cette séquence, sans toutefois donner une attribution chronologique précise aux vestiges découverts.Dans le cadre d’un projet pluridisciplinaire visant à établir des jalons chronologiques fiables pour l’évolution des culturesnéandertaliennes du Sud-Ouest de la France, nous avons entrepris la datation des dépôts sédimentaires de la séquence des Pradelles par Luminescence Stimulée Optiquement (OSL). Les résultats de ces méthodes appliquées à différentminéraux (quartz et feldspaths), et combinés aux données radiométriques déjà disponibles, ont permis de préciser lachronostratigraphie du gisement. Ils permettent situer chronologiquement les restes néandertaliens des Pradelles et lesoccupations Quina entre la fin du MIS (Marine Isotope Stage) 4 et pendant le MIS 3, jusqu’à ~ 50 ka.
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- 2017
29. Occupation et inhumations du Néolithique récent à Illfurth « Naegelberg » (Haut-Rhin)
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Jammet-Reynal, Loïc, Chenal, Fanny, Pélissier, Amélie, and Landolt, Michaël
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chronologie ,Jungneolithikum ,Munzingen ,bird bone pipe ,inhumation en fosse ,antler cup ,rock-crystal ,pottery ,chronology ,Grubenbestattung ,gobelet en bois de cerf ,Cortaillod ,Bergkristall ,Keramik ,Rohr aus Vogelknochen ,tube en os d’oiseau ,Late Neolithic ,Hirschgeweihbecher ,pit grave ,céramique ,cristal de roche - Abstract
À l’est de la Trouée de Belfort, à proximité de Mulhouse, une occupation des premiers siècles du quatrième millénaire a récemment été reconnue à travers une dizaine de structures en creux. La céramique se rapporte en majorité au style A de la culture de Munzingen (vers 3800-3600 av. J.-C.). Deux de ces fosses accueillaient des inhumations. La première (st. 89) rassemble deux enfants d’environ 10 ans, déposés simultanément autour de 3650 av. J.-C. et traités de manière asymétrique. La seconde inhumation (st. 10) est légèrement plus ancienne (vers 3800 av. J.-C.). Un adulte a été déposé sur le flanc, membres inférieurs repliés, accompagné d’un viatique constitué de mobilier rare et pour partie importé (os long scié de grand oiseau, gobelet en bois de cerf, cristal de roche et céramique). Dans cet article, après la présentation de ces nouvelles données, l’attribution culturelle est discutée en détail. Le viatique de la tombe 10 est constitué de mobilier de tradition Cortaillod, mais le rite funéraire ne peut être rapproché de celui des habitants du Plateau suisse. Le dépôt apparaît comme une mise en scène où intervient du mobilier exceptionnel. La présence de chacun de ces éléments peut certes être expliquée par les réseaux de circulations, mais leur association au sein d’une même inhumation demande de considérer sérieusement l’hypothèse d’un individu originaire de l’aire Cortaillod. En conclusion, nous rappelons que les traditions domestiques, définies sur des objets de la vie quotidienne, doivent être distinguées des rites funéraires. East of the Belfort Gap, close to Mulhouse, a dozen pits containing Jungneolithikum pottery were recently excavated and attributed to style A of the Munzingen culture (3800-3600 BC). Funerary deposits were found in two of the pits. In the first (pit 89), two children of approximately 10 years of age were simultaneously buried around 3650 BC. Judging by the different arrangements of their bodies, it seems that they were not treated in a similar manner. The second grave (pit 10) is a little older (around 3800 BC). A single adult individual was buried on his side with both legs folded, and provided with rare artefacts, partly from abroad (a large sawn bird bone, an antler cup from the Swiss Plateau, rock-crystal from the Alps, and pottery). In this paper, we present these new findings and discuss which culture they should be assigned to. The artefacts and the raw materials from grave 10 belong to the Cortaillod tradition, while the funerary ritual cannot be regarded as originating on the Swiss Plateau. The funerary deposit seems to follow a codified staging in which exceptional artefacts play a leading role. The presence of each artefact can obviously be explained by the exchange networks, but not their joint occurrence in the same grave. Therefore, the hypothesis of an individual native of the Cortaillod area must be taken seriously into account. In conclusion, it should be remembered that domestic traditions, as suggested by everyday artefacts, are not to be confused with funerary rituals. Im Osten der Burgundischen Pforte wurde in der Nähe von Mulhouse vor kurzem anhand von ca. 10 eingetieften Strukturen eine Siedlung der ersten Jahrhunderte des 4. Jahrtausends identifiziert. Die Keramik ist überwiegend Munzingen A zuzuordnen (um 3800-3600 v. Chr.). In zwei der Gruben wurden Körpergräber entdeckt. In der ersten Grube (st. 89) lagen zwei Kinder von ungefähr 10 Jahren, die zur gleichen Zeit, um 3650 v. Chr., bestattet worden waren und eine ungleiche Behandlung erfahren hatten. Das zweite Körpergrab (st. 10) ist etwas älter (um 3800 v. Chr.). Hier war ein Erwachsener in Seitenlage mit angewinkelten unteren Gliedmaßen niedergelegt worden. Die Beigaben umfassen seltene und zum Teil importierte Gegenstände (abgesägter Langknochen von einem großen Vogel, Becher aus Hirschgeweih, Bergkristall und Keramik). Anschließend an die Präsentation dieser neuen Erkenntnisse wird die kulturelle Zuweisung im Detail diskutiert. Die Beigaben aus Grab 10 setzen sich aus Mobiliar der Cortaillod-Tradition zusammen, der Bestattungsbrauch ist jedoch nicht vergleichbar mit dem der Bewohner des Schweizer Mittellandes. Das Depot sieht wie eine Inszenierung aus, in der außergewöhnliche Grabbeigaben eine Rolle spielen. Die Präsenz jedes einzelnen dieser Elemente kann sicher durch Tauschnetze erklärt werden, doch ihre Präsenz in demselben Grab legt die Hypothese eines Individuums aus dem Bereich der Cortaillod-Kultur nahe. Abschließend erinnern wir daran, dass die häuslichen Traditionen, die anhand der Alltagsgegenstände definiert werden, von den Bestattungssitten zu unterscheiden sind.
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- 2016
30. Un nouveau « très grand site » du IVe millénaire dans le Sud de la France : l’apport du chantier « Cazan l’Héritière 2008 » à Vernègues (Bouches-du-Rhône)
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Vanessa Léa, Cédric Lepère, Dorcas Vannieuwenhuyse, and Eric Thirault
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Archeology ,flint industry ,Middle Neolithic ,Provence ,Bouches-du-Rhône ,Chassey culture ,chronology ,settlement ,ceramic ,Chasséen ,chronologie ,habitat céramique ,industrie en silex ,Néolithique moyen - Abstract
Few well-studied Neolithic open-air sites are known in the Provence region, in contrast with the Languedoc, middle Rhône and Garonne valleys regions, where many large Chassey culture settlements from the 5th and 4th millennia BC have been studied during the last decades. In the municipality of Vernègues, repeated preventive archaeology operations (diagnostics and excavations) in the last twenty years have allowed the partial exploration of a vast Middle and Final Neolithic settlement. We propose naming this settlement ‘ Cazan’, after the nearby hamlet. With a surface area of at least 160 hectares, the site is located in a little sheltered valley in the hills to the south of the Durance River valley. Its geographical position, between the Alpilles hills to the west, the Crau plain to the south-west, the Durance valley to the north and the Aix-en-Provence basin to the south-east, as well as its large surface area, suggests that this site could have played a central role in the organization of the Chassey culture territories in western Provence. The Cazan site is currently documented by 23 discovery points, including four planimetrical archaeological excavations, representing almost 2.7 hectares of Neolithic occupations brought to light. The density of remains is variable, but the small surface actually excavated (less than 2% of the site’s estimated total area of 160 hectares) does not allow a comprehensive approach to this vast occupation. At the most, all that can be said is that this type of extensive site is rare in southern France. In this paper, we present data from an archaeological excavation that took place in 2008, in a locality called ‘ L’Héritière’. During the four weeks of this preventive archaeological operation, 5600 m ² were excavated. The data collected allowed several questions related to these megasites to be answered : timespan and nature of occupation, detailed chronology and site functions. The geomorphological study allowed the insertion of the archaeological remains in a complex stratigraphic sequence deposited in a slight depression inherited from the Ice Ages, in which the highest density of remains were found, to be understood. The current gently sloping topography and the lateral variations in the sedimentary sequence demonstrate that the natural and archaeological layers are not evenly preserved, some of the areas having suffered more than others from erosion. In contrast, some areas show more important sedimentary deposits, where archaeological remains have been preferentially trapped and well-preserved. Among the 35 actual features discovered, 15 storage pits, 2 or 3 water wells, one artefact deposit, 3 heated stone features, 8 to 10 fire pits, 2 hearths and what is probably wedging for a post can be distinguished. The pits are of average volume, and, on the whole, have a quick and non-anthropogenic filling. The two wells have been used as disposal places for artefacts and various organic remains, and provided two stratigraphic sequences rich in information on the nature of human activities. The fire-pits display evidence of burning on their bottom and walls, but some of them have probably been disturbed, as the stones partially filling the pits are not always in primary position. The presence of only two hearths and one post wedging suggests activities which left little evidence on the ground. The ceramic production study outlined four morphological groups, interpreted as as many occupation phases. Technological data demonstrate, for each of the groups, the use of local raw materials but with some variability in the fabrication processes (‘ chaînes opératoires’). The latter could point to the existence of several domestic production units using different methods. The technical and morphological specificities observed could be interpreted as a local style variation but overall, the four phases identified on the site can be placed in the existing regional seriation of ceramic production. The lithic collection, a series of 745 elements, demonstrates that the site was part of several exogenous raw material exchange and distribution networks (Sardinian obsidian, Bedoulian flint from Vaucluse, Oligocene flint such as the Apt-Forcalquier type). The typo-technological analysis indicates two successive Chassey chronological phases. The oldest phase is only represented by scattered artefacts while the recent phase is more largely represented, but it was not possible to distinguish any stages within it. Cross-examining the data provided by the stratigraphy, ceramic seriation and the seven radiocarbon dates suggests four Chassey culture phases during the occupation of the ‘ l’Heritiere’ site : 1) an older phase before 4000 BC, attested by scattered artefacts and a radiocarbon date conflicting with the related artefacts ; 2) a following phase with both ‘ Terres Longues’ and ‘ Rocalibert’ type Chassey culture stages (C and D1 stages of the regional ceramic seriation) during which the wells were dug and then filled up again, one stage also being associated with pits ; the dating ranges between 3950 and 3790 BC, that is to say a century and a half at most ; 3) a final phase, related to the ‘ Pertus’ type Chassey culture (stage D2), associated with the fire-pits, which took place between 3790 and 3690 BC, lasting a century at the most. The spatial distribution of artefacts does not reveal any specific polarity that could be related to one of the occupation phases. In other words, on the 2008 archaeological excavation scale, we are dealing with repeated and extensive occupations over three centuries, each occupation having left only very few remains. This result suggests a non-intensive occupation model, but a real appropriation of the location. The high chronometric resolution achieved in the ‘ L’Héritière’ site study demonstrates the usefulness of applying an integrative approach to resolve spatial temporal discontinuity and continuity issues on archaeological sites. Future research directions include the confrontation of our interpretation with other sectors excavated on this megasite and further analyses on archaeological material to define subsistence patterns, raw material provenance, and their evolution during the Chassey period (translation Alexis Taylor and Dorcas Vannieuwenhuyse)., Les sites néolithiques de plein-air sont encore mal connus en Provence. Cette situation contraste avec la moyenne vallée du Rhône, le Languedoc et la moyenne vallée de la Garonne où nombre de grands sites chasséens des Ve et IVe millénaires BC sont documentés depuis des décennies. Sur la commune de Vernègues, la multiplication des interventions préventives (diagnostics et fouilles) depuis vingt ans a permis de documenter, de manière partielle, une vaste occupation du Néolithique moyen et final. Elle s’étend au moins sur 160 hectares au fond et sur les rebords d’un vallon abrité dans les collines qui jouxtent, en rive gauche (sud), la vallée de la Durance. Nous proposons d’appeler «Cazan » cette implantation eu égard au hameau qui en occupe le centre. Sa position géographique, entre les collines des Alpilles à l’ouest, la plaine de la Crau au sud-ouest, la vallée de la Durance au nord et le bassin d’Aix-en-Provence au sud-est, ainsi que sa vaste superficie, laissent penser que ce site pourrait jouer un rôle central dans l’organisation des territoires chasséens de la Provence occidentale. Le site de Cazan est actuellement documenté par vingt-trois points de découverte, dont quatre fouilles planimétriques ; le tout représente environ 2,7 hectares d’occupation mis au jour. La densité des vestiges est inégale, mais la faible superficie réellement fouillée (moins de 2 % de la totalité du site) ne permet pas une approche globale de cette vaste occupation. Tout au plus peut-on dire que ce type de site très extensif est rare dans le Sud de la France. Dans cet article, nous présentons les données issues de l’une des campagnes de fouille, au lieu-dit «l’Héritière » en 2008. Il s’agit d’une opération préventive qui a duré quatre semaines et qui a permis d’explorer une surface de 5 600 m2. Les données recueillies ont permis de répondre à plusieurs questions qui se posent à propos de ces très grands sites : durée et nature des occupations, chronologie fine et fonctions. L’étude géomorphologique a permis de comprendre l’insertion des vestiges de l’occupation chasséenne dans une séquence stratigraphique complexe, avec, en particulier, une légère dépression héritée des temps glaciaires dans laquelle on retrouve la plus grande densité de vestiges. La topographie actuelle en pente douce et les variations latérales de la séquence sédimentaire observées en coupe démontrent que les couches naturelles et archéologiques sont préservées de manière différentielle, certaines zones ayant subi plus d’érosion que d’autres. À l’inverse, certaines zones offrent un plus grand développement sédimentaire où les vestiges et le mobilier ont été piégés et sont mieux conservés. Les structures avérées, au nombre de trente-cinq, comprennent quinze fosses de stockage, deux ou trois puits à eau, un dépôt de mobilier, trois empierrements chauffés, huit à dix fosses de combustion, deux foyers à plat ainsi qu’un probable calage de poteau. Les fosses sont de volume moyen et, sauf exception, ont un comblement rapide et non anthropisé. Les deux puits à eau présentent des comblements stratifiés et ont servi de lieu de rejet de mobiliers et de restes organiques divers. De ce fait, chacun de ces deux puits présente une séquence stratigraphique riche en informations sur la nature des occupations. Les fosses de combustion ont livré les preuves de combustion sur les parois et le fond, mais ont probablement subi des remaniements, car les pierres qui les comblent partiellement ne sont pas toujours en position primaire. Les deux foyers et le calage de poteau témoignent d’activités qui n’ont laissé que très peu de traces au sol. L’étude des productions céramiques a permis de mettre en évidence quatre ensembles morphologiques interprétés comme autant de phases d’occupation. Le traitement des données technologiques montre, pour chacun de ces groupes, l’utilisation de matières premières locales et une certaine diversité des chaînes opératoires. Cette dernière pourrait signaler l’existence de plusieurs unités de production domestique employant des façons de faire différentes. Les quatre phases isolées sur le site s’intègrent sans difficulté à la sériation régionale des productions céramiques. Toutefois, les productions céramiques de ces quatre phases conservent certaines spécificités tant morphologiques que techniques que l’on pourrait proposer d’interpréter en terme de style local. L’assemblage lithique, composée d’une petite série de 745 éléments, montre que le site de Vernègues est intégré à différents réseaux de diffusion de matières premières exogènes (obsidienne de Sardaigne, silex bédoulien vauclusien, silex oligocène de type Apt-Forcalquier). L’analyse typotechnologique met en évidence la présence de deux phases chronologiques dont une (la plus ancienne) n’est documentée que par du mobilier épars. La phase récente du Chasséen, est quant à elle, abondamment représentée, sans qu’il soit néanmoins possible d’y distinguer plusieurs étapes. Le croisement des données fournies par la stratigraphie, la sériation céramique et par les sept dates 14C permet de proposer l’existence de quatre phases d’occupation : une phase «Chasséen ancien », antérieure à 4000 BC, attestée par du mobilier épars et une date radiocarbone discordante avec le mobilier associé ; deux phases du Chasséen de type «Terres Longues » et «Rocalibert » (étapes C et D1 de la sériation céramique régionale) : creusement puis comblement des puits, accompagnés de fosses pour l’une des phases, la datation la plus probable est comprise entre 3950 et 3790 BC, soit une durée maximale d’un siècle et demi environ ; une ultime phase, Chasséen de type «Pertus » (étape D2), avec les fosses à combustion, dans une fourchette comprise entre 3790 et 3690 BC, soit une durée maximale d’un siècle environ. La répartition spatiale des vestiges ne montre aucune polarité spécifique à l’une des phases d’occupation. Autrement dit, à l’échelle de la fenêtre de la fouille 2008, nous avons affaire, sur trois siècles, à des occupations réitérées et extensives dans l’espace, qui ne laissent, pour chacune d’entre elles, que peu de vestiges au sol. Ce résultat suggère un modèle d’occupation peu intense, mais une appropriation réelle des lieux. Il sera nécessaire, par la suite, de confronter cette proposition avec les autres secteurs fouillés sur ce vaste site. La finesse chronométrique obtenue sur ce chantier permet aussi d’envisager une étude précise des modalités de subsistance et d’approvisionnement en ressources et leur évolution au cours du Chasséen, travail actuellement en cours., Thirault Eric, Léa Vanessa, Lepère Cédric, Vannieuwenhuyse Dorcas. Un nouveau « très grand site » du IVe millénaire dans le Sud de la France : l’apport du chantier « Cazan l’Héritière 2008 » à Vernègues (Bouches-du-Rhône). In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 113, n°3, 2016. pp. 523-570.
- Published
- 2016
31. L’Antiquité tardive : périodisations d’un âge noir et heureux
- Author
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Zecchini, Giuseppe
- Subjects
Histoire romaine ,Bas-Empire ,Antiquité tardive ,Ère constantinienne ,Chronologie ,Roman History ,Later Empire ,Late Antiquity ,Constantinian era ,Chronology - Abstract
" Late Antiquity: Periodizations of a Dark and Happy Age ". This paper is concerned with the development of the idea of “Later Empire/ late antiquity” since Ch. Le Beau until us ; special care is devoted to J. B. Bury’s thought, to A. Piganiol’s definition of Christian empire, to S. Mazzarino’s definition of Constantinian age, to the arguments of A. Giardina et recent British scholarship against P. Brown’s social and cultural interpretation of late antiquity. Religious perspective proves to be deciding in containing late antiquity between Constantine and Muhammad., Cet essai est dédié à l’évolution de l’idée de « Bas-Empire/ Antiquité tardive » de Ch. Le Beau jusqu’à nos jours ; une attention particulière est réservée à la pensée de J. B. Bury, à la définition d’empire chrétien chez A. Piganiol et d’ère constantinienne chez S. Mazzarino, ainsi qu’à la réaction de A. Giardina et la récente historiographie anglaise sur P. Brown et son interprétation socio-culturelle de l’Antiquité tardive. La perspective religieuse se révèle décisive pour délimiter l’Antiquité tardive entre Constantin et Mahomet., Zecchini Giuseppe. L’Antiquité tardive : périodisations d’un âge noir et heureux. In: Une Antiquité tardive noire ou heureuse ? Actes du colloque international de Besançon (12 et 13 novembre 2014) Besançon : Institut des Sciences et Techniques de l'Antiquité, 2015. pp. 29-41. (Collection « ISTA », 1332)
- Published
- 2015
32. Lex posterior priori derogat, lex specialis derogat gererali. Jalons pour une histoire des conflits de normes centrée sur ces deux solutions concurrentes
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Halpérin, Jean-Louis, Centre de Théorie et Analyse du Droit (CTAD), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Halperin, Jean-Louis, and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL)
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Statutory law ,speciality ,[SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law ,[SHS.DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law ,[SHS.HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History ,Roman law ,chronology ,Canon law ,modern State ,[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History - Abstract
International audience; Lex posterior derogat priori, lex specialis derogat generali, Guidelines for a history of conflictingnorms with a focus on these two competing solutions. – The two Latin maxims, Lex posterior derogatpriori and Lex specialis derogat generali, sometimes presented as evidentially logical, have acomplex history and a delicate relationship (whereas the latter can contradict the former). Theytake their origins in the Digest, but in rather paradoxical forms: Lex posterior is coming from atext written in Greek by Modestinus, lex generalis is induced from a general regula exposed byPapinianus. How have these two ways of resolving the problem of conflicting norms emergedin Roman law? How have they been quoted and explained in canon and in civil law during theMiddle Ages? How have they been used by sovereigns and in which scope do they serve thefoundations of modern States? This paper tries to answer these questions by analyzing texts wherethe two maxims are mentioned and proposes to treat this subject as a significant chapter of thehistory of the sources of law.
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- 2012
33. La céramique Rhin-Suisse-France Orientale de Passy « Richebourg Ouest » : un ensemble du Bronze finalIIBdans l’Yonne
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Muller, Fabrice, Nicolas, Théophane, and Auxiette, Ginette
- Subjects
chronologie ,Rhein-Schweiz-Ostfrankreich ,Late Bronze Age ,Spätbronzezeit ,habitat ,pottery ,Abbaugrube ,chronology ,Keramik ,Siedlung ,settlement ,fosse d’extraction ,extraction pit ,typology ,céramique ,typologie - Abstract
Un diagnostic réalisé en 1994 sur la commune de Passy (Yonne), au lieu-dit « Richebourg Ouest », a révélé une fosse très riche en mobilier attribuable à l’étape moyenne du Bronze final. L’analyse typo-chronologique de ce mobilier permet de l’attribuer au Bronze final IIb (période bien attestée dans l’est de la France). Cet article est la suite d’une série de petites monographies qui nous permettront de travailler sur la périodisation fine de cette étape moyenne du Bronze final dans le département de l’Yonne. A 1994 archaeological evaluation at Passy « Richebourg » (Yonne) brought to light a pit containing material dating to the second period of the Late Bronze Age. The typochronological analysis of this material has dated it to the Bronze final IIb (well-known period in the East of France). This work is part of a number of short papers allowing us to work on the precise dating of this second period of the Late Bronze Age in the Yonne area. Bei einer 1994 auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde Passy (Departement Yonne) am Ort mit dem Flurnamen „Richebourg Ouest“ durchgeführten archäologischen Diagnose wurde eine Grube mit reichem Fundmaterial aus der mittleren Phase der Spätbronzezeit entdeckt. Die typochronologische Analyse erlaubt es, dieses Mobiliar in die in Ostfrankreich gut vertretene späte Spätbronzezeit IIb einzuordnen. Dieser Artikel gehört zu einer Reihe kleiner Monographien, die uns ermöglichen wird, an der Feinperiodisierung dieser mittleren Phase der Spätbronzezeit im Departement Yonne zu arbeiten.
- Published
- 2011
34. La céramique Rhin-Suisse-France orientale de Passy 'Richebourg Ouest' : un ensemble du Bronze final IIB dans l'Yonne
- Author
-
Müller, Fabrice, Nicolas, Théophane, Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] (ARTeHiS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Trajectoires - UMR 8215, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] ( ARTeHiS ), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de Recherches Archéologiques Préventives ( INRAP ), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives ( Inrap ), Desbois-Garcia, Sophie, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)
- Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,chronologie ,Pottery ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,Rhein-Schweiz-Ostfrankreich ,Late Bronze Age ,habitat ,Spätbronzezeit ,Abbaugrube ,chronology ,Keramik ,Siedlung ,settlement ,[ SHS.ARCHEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,fosse d'extraction ,extraction pit ,Céramique ,typology ,Rhin-Suisse-France Orientale ,Bronze final ,typologie - Abstract
A 1994 archaeological evaluation at Passy «Richebourg» (Yonne) brought to light a pit containing material dating to the second period of the Late Bronze Age. The typochronological analysis of this material has dated it to the Bronze final IIb (well-known period in the East of France). This work is part of a number of short papers allowing us to work on the precise dating of this second period of the Late Bronze Age in the Yonne area., Un diagnostic réalisé en 1994 sur la commune de Passy (Yonne), au lieu-dit «Richebourg Ouest», a révélé une fosse très riche en mobilier attribuable à l'étape moyenne du Bronze final. L'analyse typo-chronologique de ce mobilier permet de l'attribuer au Bronze final IIb (période bien attestée dans l'est de la France). Cet article est la suite d'une série de petites monographies qui nous permettront de travailler sur la périodisation fine de cette étape moyenne du Bronze final dans le département de l'Yonne.
- Published
- 2010
35. MUR DE BERLIN : VIE, MORT ET HÉRITAGE GÉOPOLITIQUE [The Berlin Wall: Life, Death and the Spatial Heritage of Berlin]
- Author
-
Dumont, Gérard-François, Espaces, Nature et Culture (ENeC), Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Dumont, Gérard-François
- Subjects
Freedom ,Geopolitics ,[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,Europe géographique ,United States of America ,Photographies ,Démocratie ,Démographie ,Germany ,German Democratic Republic (GDR 1949-1989) ,Border ,Chronology ,Photos ,Dissertations ,[SHS.DEMO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Demography ,Geography ,Geographical Europe ,Allemagne ,[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ,Democracy ,Berlin Wall ,Liberté ,Building and fall of the Berlin Wall ,Construction et chute du mur de Berlin ,Mur de Berlin ,France ,Mémoires ,Frontière ,Modern history ,Cold war ,Etats-Unis ,[SHS.DEMO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Demography ,Emigration ,Chronologie ,European Union ,Totalitarisme ,Union européenne ,Géographie ,Demography ,Communism ,Droit ,Europe communautaire ,Guerre froide ,République démocratique d'Allemagne (RDA 1949-1989) ,Géopolitique ,Histoire contemporaine ,United Kingdom ,Après- guerre froide ,[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,Totalitarianism ,Community-based Europe ,Post-cold war ,Royaume-Uni ,[SHS.SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science ,Law ,Communisme - Abstract
Walls that divide are meant to be broken down. Twenty years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the legacy of the East-West division can still be seen in the city's architecture, economy and overall culture. This paper examines Berlin's spatial and political history from the wall's beginnings to the long-term repercussions still being felt today., Les murs entre les hommes sont faits pour être détruits. Celui de Berlin, qui exprimait le refus de toute liberté migratoire dans les pays communistes, n'a pas manqué pas à la règle. Mais il laisse dans l'histoire architecturale, économique, comportementale, des traces visibles et son héritage géopolitique n'a pas fini d'exercer des effets.
- Published
- 2009
36. La céramique Rhin-Suisse-France Orientale de Malay-le-Grand « Les Bas Musats » : un ensemble de la phase récente du Bronze final IIIa dans l’Yonne
- Author
-
Muller, Fabrice, Nicolas, Théophane, and Auxiette, Ginette
- Subjects
Rhin-Suisse-France-Orientale ,chronologie ,Late Bronze Age ,Spätbronzezeit ,habitat ,pottery ,Abbaugrube ,chronology ,Keramik ,Siedlung ,settlement ,fosse d’extraction ,extraction pit ,rheinisch-schweizerisch-ostfranzösische (RSFO ,Rhin-Suisse-France orientale) ,typology ,Bronze final ,céramique ,typologie - Abstract
Un diagnostic réalisé en 2003 sur la commune de Malay-le-Grand (Yonne) au lieu-dit « Les Bas Musats » a révélé une fosse très riche en mobilier attribuable à l’étape moyenne du Bronze final. L’analyse typo-chronologique de ce mobilier permet de l’attribuer au Bronze final IIIa récent (période bien attestée dans l’est de la France). Cet article ouvre une série de petites monographies qui nous permettra de travailler sur la périodisation fine de cette étape moyenne du Bronze final dans le département de l’Yonne. An evaluation carried out in 2003 at Malay-le-Grand « Les Bas Musats » (Yonne) brought to light a pit with rich finds dating from the middle period of the Late Bronze Age. The typo-chronological analysis pinpoints the date to the Late Bronze Age IIIa (period well known in Eastern France). This paper is the first of a series of studies centred on the detailed periodisation of the middle period of the Late Bronze Age in the Yonne area. Bei einer 2003auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde Malay-le-Grand (Departement Yonne) am Ort mit dem Flurnamen „Les Bas Musats“ durchgeführten archäologischen Untersuchung wurde eine Grube mit reichem Fundmaterial aufgedeckt, das der mittleren Stufe der Spätbronzezeit zugewiesen werden kann. Die typologische und chronologische Analyse des Mobiliars erlaubt es, dieses in die in Ostfrankreich gut bezeugte späte Phase der Spätbronzezeit IIIa einzuordnen. Der vorliegende Artikel ist der erste einer Reihe von Monographien, die uns Gelegenheit bieten wird die Periodisierung dieser mittlere Stufe der Spätbronzezeit im Departement Yonne zu präzisieren.
- Published
- 2009
37. Amphores hellénistiques d’Amathonte
- Author
-
Antigone Marangou
- Subjects
Geography ,Excavation ,Ancient history ,Mediterranean Basin ,Archaeology ,Earth-Surface Processes ,Chronology - Abstract
The paper focuses on the Hellenistic amphorae found during the excavations of the French archaeological mission in the northern area of the Amathus site near the fortifications, from the five-year campaign 2003-2007. Most of them are dated from the mid-3rd century BC to the early decades of the first century BC. The majority of amphorae originate from the Aegean region have been used as contain wines of Cos, Cnide, Ephesos and especially of Rhodes island. Some rarer samples are from Africa and Italy dating from the end of the second century or the beginning of the first century BC. The evidence obtained from the amphorae’s stamped handles is helpful for the chronology of the Hellenistic phase of the site and for tracing commercial relationship of Amathus with the others regions of the Mediterranean basin., Marangou Antigone. Amphores hellénistiques d’Amathonte. In: Cahiers du Centre d'Etudes Chypriotes. Volume 39, 2009. Actes du colloque « Chypre à l’époque hellénistique et impériale », Recherches récentes et nouvelles découvertes, Université Paris Ouest-Nanterre et Institut National d’Histoire de l’Art Nanterre – Paris 25-26 septembre 2009. pp. 347-363.
- Published
- 2009
38. Volcanic ash-falls in peat-bog and lakes around Nevados Ampato and Sabancaya Massif (Southern Peru, Central Andes)
- Author
-
Sébastien Lamadon, Isabelle Loutsch, Jasmine Davila, Michel Fontugne, Jean-Claude Thouret, Etienne Juvigné, Manfred Frechen, Jersy Mariño, Marco Rivera, Université de Liège, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz Universität Hannover [Hannover] (LUH), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Instituto Nacional de Geologia, Minero y Metalurgico (INGEMMET), and Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP)
- Subjects
Nevado Ampato ,Holocène ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,téphrochronologie ,Tefrocronología ,Central Andes ,volcanoes ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,téphrostratigraphie ,Peru ,[SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Earth-Surface Processes ,Holocene ,Nevado Sabancaya ,Volcanes ,Ceniza volcánica ,Geology ,Tefroestratigrafía ,15. Life on land ,chronology ,6. Clean water ,14C ,13. Climate action ,[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy ,volcans ,Pérou ,Andes centrales ,Humanities ,tephrostratigraphy - Abstract
pp. 157-173 (FR) -- Des recherches multidisciplinaires ont été réalisées à partir de coupes et carottes extraites de tourbières et d’un lac, au Pérou méridional, dans la région volcanique du massif des Nevados Ampato, Sabancaya et Hualca Hualca, proche du canyon du Río Colca et de la ville d’Arequipa. L’objectif majeur de la présente recherche est de compléter la partie holocène d’un modèle téphrostratigraphique du Pérou méridional, portant sur les cinquante derniers milliers d’années. Les sites étudiés sont plus particulièrement la grande tourbière de Sallalli et les rives de la Laguna Mucurca. La tourbière de Sallalli se trouve sur le piémont oriental du Massif Ampato-Sabancaya ; elle a été barrée par des moraines remontant à la dernière glaciation ainsi que par des coulées de lave au SE. La séquence tourbeuse de Sallalli comprend au moins cinq téphras. Les niveaux les plus récents consistent en retombées pliniennes de verres rhyolithiques dont l’attribution est discutée entre l’éruption du Huaynaputina en 1600AD et une autre duMisti qui a eu lieu entre 800 cal BC et 200 cal AD. Les autres téphras sont des produits hétérogènes d’origine phréatomagmatique émis probablement par le Sabancaya, voire l’Ampato pendant les périodes respectives suivantes : 150 cal AD à 100 cal BC, 150 à 420 cal BC, 2100 à 2500 cal BC et 7420 à 7750 cal BC. Les dépôts lacustres récents de la Laguna Mucurca à l’ouest du Nevado Ampato renferment notamment un téphra hétérogène d’une éruption phréatomagmatique, qui aurait eu lieu entre 920 et 760 cal BC ; il serait issu de l’un des cônes proches, situé dans le champ des volcans monogénétiques de Huambo sur la marge sud du Río Colca. (EN) -- Multidisciplinary investigations have been carried out on sections and sediment cores from a lake and peat bogs in theWestern Cordillera in the Central Andes of Southern Peru, around Nevados Ampato, Sabancaya and Hualca Hualca volcanic massif. More than 850,000 inhabitants of the city of Arequipa and the Colca valley are concerned by further activities of those volcanoes. The aim of the current study is to complete the Holocene tephrostratigraphical model for southern Peru in which about 40 tephras are distributed within the past 50,000 years. The tephras described in this paper have been discovered in two sites: the large peat-bog of Sallalli at the southern piedmont of the Sabancaya volcano, and the Laguna Mucurca, a salar (brine lake) 15 km W of Nevado Ampato. The Sallalli peat-bog is located in a glacially shaped piedmont, which has been dammed by recent moraines and lava flows 10 km SE of the summit of Nevado Sabancaya. The peat section, which spans a large part of the Holocene period (since ca. 9650 yr), encompasses at least five tephras. The most recent ones consist in plinian ash-falls caracterized by rhyolitic glass shards that can be linked either with the AD 1600 eruption of the Huaynaputina volcano (120 km to the ESE) or with an eruption of the Misti volcano (60 km to the SE) that occurred between 800 cal BC and 200 cal AD. The other tephras consist in phreotomagmatic products of local origin likely erupted by the Sabancaya volcano, or by the Ampato volcano, within the periods bracketed as follows: (i) 150 cal AD and 100 cal BC; (ii) 150 and 420 cal BC; (iii) 2100 and 2500 cal BC; and (iv) 7420 et 7750 cal BC. The recent lacustrine deposits of the Laguna Mucurca host traces of a plinian ash-fall from Huaynaputina volcano and a scoriaceous tephra of phreatomagmatic origin. The latter was emplaced between 920 and 760 cal BC. This tephra has probably been produced by one of the neighbouring cones located in the field of monogenic volcanoes close to Huambo on the southern edge of the Río Colca valley.
- Published
- 2008
39. Retombées volcaniques dans des tourbières et lacs autour du massif des Nevados Ampato et Sabancaya (Pérou méridional, Andes Centrales)
- Author
-
Juvigné, Etienne, Thouret, Jean-Claude, Loutsch, Isabelle, Lamadon, Sébastien, Frechen, Manfred, Fontugne, Michel, Rivera, Marco, Dávila, Jasmine, Mariño, Jersy, Université de Liège, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leibniz Universität Hannover=Leibniz University Hannover, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Geologia, Minero y Metalurgico (INGEMMET), Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Leibniz Universität Hannover [Hannover] (LUH), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
- Subjects
Holocene ,Nevado Ampato ,Nevado Sabancaya ,Holocène ,téphrochronologie ,Central Andes ,volcanoes ,chronology ,14C ,téphrostratigraphie ,[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy ,Peru ,volcans ,Pérou ,[SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology ,Andes centrales ,tephrostratigraphy - Abstract
International audience; Multidisciplinary investigations have been carried out on sections and sediment cores from a lake and peat bogs in the Western Cordillera in the Central Andes of Southern Peru, around Nevados Ampato, Sabancaya and Hualca Hualca volcanic massif. More than 850,000 inhabitants of the city of Arequipa and the Colca valley are concerned by further activities of those volcanoes. The aim of the current study is to complete the Holocene tephrostratigraphical model for southern Peru in which about 40 tephras are distributed within the past 50,000 years. The tephras described in this paper have been discovered in two sites: the large peat-bog of Sallalli at the southern piedmont of the Sabancaya volcano, and the Laguna Mucurca, a salar (brine lake) 15 km W of Nevado Ampato. The Sallalli peat-bog is located in a glacially shaped piedmont, which has been dammed by recent moraines and lava flows 10 km SE of the summit of Nevado Sabancaya. The peat section, which spans a large part of the Holocene period (since ca. 9650 yr), encompasses at least five tephras. The most recent ones consist in plinian ash-falls caracterized by rhyolitic glass shards that can be linked either with the AD 1600 eruption of the Huaynaputina volcano (120 km to the ESE) or with an eruption of the Misti volcano (60 km to the SE) that occurred between 800 cal BC and 200 cal AD. The other tephras consist in phreotomagmatic products of local origin likely erupted by the Sabancaya volcano, or by the Ampato volcano, within the periods bracketed as follows: (i) 150 cal AD and 100 cal BC; (ii) 150 and 420 cal BC; (iii) 2100 and 2500 cal BC; and (iv) 7420 et 7750 cal BC. The recent lacustrine deposits of the Laguna Mucurca host traces of a plinian ash-fall from Huaynaputina volcano and a scoriaceous tephra of phreatomagmatic origin. The latter was emplaced between 920 and 760 cal BC. This tephra has probably been produced by one of the neighbouring cones located in the field of monogenic volcanoes close to Huambo on the southern edge of the Río Colca valley.; Des recherches multidisciplinaires ont été réalisées à partir de coupes et carottes extraites de tourbières et d’un lac, au Pérou méridional, dans la région volcanique du massif des Nevados Ampato, Sabancaya et Hualca Hualca, proche du canyon du Río Colca et de la ville d’Arequipa. L’objectif majeur de la présente recherche est de compléter la partie holocène d’un modèle téphrostratigraphique du Pérou méridional, portant sur les cinquante derniers milliers d’années. Les sites étudiés sont plus particulièrement la grande tourbière de Sallalli et les rives de la Laguna Mucurca. La tourbière de Sallalli se trouve sur le piémont oriental du Massif Ampato-Sabancaya ; elle a été barrée par des moraines remontant à la dernière glaciation ainsi que par des coulées de lave au SE. La séquence tourbeuse de Sallalli comprend au moins cinq téphras. Les niveaux les plus récents consistent en retombées pliniennes de verres rhyolithiques dont l’attribution est discutée entre l’éruption du Huaynaputina en 1600AD et une autre du Misti qui a eu lieu entre 800 cal BC et 200 cal AD. Les autres téphras sont des produits hétérogènes d’origine phréatomagmatique émis probablement par le Sabancaya, voire l’Ampato pendant les périodes respectives suivantes : 150 cal AD à 100 cal BC, 150 à 420 cal BC, 2100 à 2500 cal BC et 7420 à 7750 cal BC. Les dépôts lacustres récents de la Laguna Mucurca à l’ouest du Nevado Ampato renferment notamment un téphra hétérogène d’une éruption phréatomagmatique, qui aurait eu lieu entre 920 et 760 cal BC ; il serait issu de l’un des cônes proches, situé dans le champ des volcans monogénétiques de Huambo sur la marge sud du Río Colca.
- Published
- 2008
40. Le programme archéologique franco-indonésien sur Padang Lawas (Sumatra Nord). Réflexions préliminaires
- Author
-
Heddy Surachman, Daniel Perret, Sukawati Susetyo, Lucas Partanda Koestoro, and École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO)
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Archeology ,History ,education.field_of_study ,060102 archaeology ,Literature and Literary Theory ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,Population ,Buddhism ,1. No poverty ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Religious studies ,021107 urban & regional planning ,06 humanities and the arts ,02 engineering and technology ,Ancient history ,Vajrayana ,Archaeology ,Human settlement ,0601 history and archaeology ,Pottery ,education ,Settlement (litigation) ,Chronology - Abstract
Daniel Perret, École française d’Extrême-Orient, Paris. Lucas P. Koestoro, Balai Arkeologi, Medan. Heddy Surachman & Sukawati Susetyo, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Arkeologi Nasional Indonesia, Jakarta Le programme archéologique franco-indonésien sur Padang Lawas (Sumatra Nord). Réflexions préliminaires The Padang Lawas area in the North Sumatra Province has been known since the middle of the 19th century for its numerous Hindu-Buddhist remains located on the upper course of the Barumun river basin, at the foot of the Barisan range. This paper begins with a brief review of the research on architecture, art and inscriptions conducted in Padang Lawas during the last century. Suggested datings for the temples by previous authors range from the 11th to the 14th century and some indications point to the practice of Vajrayåna Buddhism, Sivaism and a Buddhist-Sivaist syncretism. By contrast, researches on ancient settlements in Padang Lawas started much more recently, less than ten years ago in fact, with the rediscovery of a complex system of earthen walls and moats at Si Pamutung. The promising results of the first test-pits did encourage the launching in 2006 of the second phase of a joint French-Indonesian archaeological program focused on the ancient settlements of Tapanuli since 2001. Pottery, Chinese ceramics, glass, beads and terra-cottas, as well as the remains of a brick structure were found during this first campaign. These finds confirm that Si Pamutung was a major settlement in Padang Lawas. These first results raise questions on the chronology, the nature and the structure of the Si Pamutung settlement itself. In addition, their combination with previous data brings new hypotheses regarding the population of Padang Lawas, its connection with coastal settlements in the region and its relation with neighbouring economic and political power, as well as farther centres in Asia., Perret Daniel, Surachman Heddy, Partanda Koestoro Lucas, Susetyo Sukawati. Le programme archéologique franco-indonésien sur Padang Lawas (Sumatra Nord). Réflexions préliminaires. In: Archipel, volume 74, 2007. pp. 45-82.
- Published
- 2007
41. La séquence néolithique de la grotte du Gardon (Ain)
- Author
-
Jean-Louis Voruz, Dominique Sordoillet, Thomas Perrin, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)
- Subjects
010506 paleontology ,Archeology ,060101 anthropology ,chronologie ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,stratigraphie ,Néolithique ,06 humanities and the arts ,chronology ,01 natural sciences ,bronze age ,âge du Bronze ,stratigrapy ,cave ,Jura ,0601 history and archaeology ,Neolithic ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,grotte - Abstract
The Gardon cave, located in the south of the Jura, has been excavated over more than fifteen years. The aim of such a long excavation was to draw up a new point of reference both on a chronological and cultural level for the Upper Rhone Basin. Its stratigraphy, which shows occupation layers and flood levels due to karstic movements, made it possible to confirm the palaeoenvironnemental variations established in the Jura by Michel Magny on the basis of lake level fluctuations. During the Early Neolithic era, between 5300 and 4800 ВС, the cave was occupied on several occasions, either by cattle breeders close to the southern groups (Late Cardial or Limbourg), or by local hunters who continued to use flint knapping techniques from the local Mesolithic tradition, even if they certainly knew some of the Neolithic techniques. The Middle Neolithic era is the best-represented period on the site, with ten levels of semi-permanent occupation (dwelling or sheepfolds), defining four cultural phases in the Saint-Uze and the NMB (Néolithique Moyen Bourguignon-Burgundian Middle Neolithic). At the beginning of the Final Neolithic era, circa 3500 to 3000 ВС, a collective cremation burial (reminiscent of the SOM-Early Clairvaux), occupied the cave entrance and, finally, the Neolithic stratigraphy is completed by two layers corresponding to the Chalain and Bellbeaker groups. This paper thus draws up a first assessment of the Neolithic elements found during the excavation of the Gardon cave, while waiting for the final publication on the site. (Translation: Muriel Perchet), La grotte du Gardon dans l'Ain, au sud du Jura, a fait l'objet durant plus de quinze années d'une importante fouille programmée, dont l'objectif était d'établir une nouvelle séquence chronoculturelle de référence pour le haut Bassin rhodanien. Sa stratigraphie, qui comporte autant de couches d'occupation que de niveaux d'inondation du trop plein karstique, a permis de confirmer les variations paléoclimatiques établies dans le Jura par Michel Magny sur la base des fluctuations des niveaux lacustres. Durant le Néolithique ancien, entre 5300 et 4800 avant notre ère, la grotte est occupée à plusieurs reprises, soit par des éleveurs d'affinité méridionale (Cardial final- Limbourg), soit par des chasseurs autochtones qui taillent toujours leurs silex selon les traditions mésolithiques locales, même s 'ils connaissent sans doute quelques traits néolithiques. Le Néolithique moyen est la période la mieux représentée, avec une dizaine de couches d'occupation semi permanente, d'habitat ou de bergerie, définissant quatre phases culturelles dans le Saint-Uze et le NMB (Néolithique moyen bourguignon). Au début du Néolithique final, vers 3500 à 3000, une sépulture collective à crémations d'affinités SOM-Clairvaux ancien occupe le porche de la grotte, et enfin, la stratigraphie néolithique s 'achève par deux couches du groupe de Chalain et du Campaniforme. Cet article dresse donc un premier bilan synthétique du Néolithique de la fouille du Gardon, en l'attente de la publication monographique finale., Voruz Jean-Louis, Perrin Thomas, Sordoillet Dominique. La séquence néolithique de la grotte du Gardon (Ain). In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 101, n°4, 2004. pp. 827-866.
- Published
- 2004
42. La fin du Mésolithique dans l'arc jurassien : approche statistique des industries lithiques taillées
- Author
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Thomas Perrin, Travaux et recherches archéologiques sur les cultures, les espaces et les sociétés (TRACES), and Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
010506 paleontology ,Archeology ,statistiques ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,01 natural sciences ,lithic industries ,silex ,Mésolithique ,Jura ,0601 history and archaeology ,final Mesolithic ,industrie lithique taillée ,Mésolithique récent ,Suisse ,typologie ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,chronologie ,060102 archaeology ,recent Mesolithic ,06 humanities and the arts ,chronology ,Geography ,statistics ,Mésolithique final ,8. Economic growth ,typology ,Humanities ,Mesolithic ,flint - Abstract
This paper proposes a renewed typological approach to the Mesolithic industries of the Jura and its neighbouring regions. It is based on the typological inventories published for the main regional sites. By means of multivariate statistical analyses, it is possible to propose a chrono-typological seriation of the layers in four main stages. These are then confronted with the radiocarbon data. The cultural prospects are then approached, for the recent and final stages., Cet article propose une approche typologique renouvelée des industries lithiques mésolithiques de l'arc jurassien et de ses marges. Il se base sur les inventaires typologiques publiés des principaux sites stratifiés régionaux. Par le biais d'analyses statistiques multivariées, il est possible de proposer une sériation chronotypologique des gisements en quatre étapes principales. Celles-ci sont ensuite confrontées aux données du radiocarbone. Les perspectives culturelles sont ensuite abordées, pour les étapes récente et finale., Perrin Thomas. La fin du Mésolithique dans l'arc jurassien : approche statistique des industries lithiques taillées. In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 99, n°3, 2002. pp. 487-499.
- Published
- 2002
43. Espaces publics, espaces religieux protohistoriques en Gaule méridionale
- Author
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Patrice Arcelin, Martine Schwaller, and Bernard Dedet
- Subjects
portique ,fanum ,temple ,sanctuaire ,emprunt culturel ,architecture religieuse ,architecture monumentale ,architecture publique ,technologie architecturale ,élément architectonique ,stèle ,sculpture ,polychromie ,religion ,inscription gallo-grecque ,fortification ,citerne collective ,espace religieux ,espace public ,chronologie ,Bronze final ,premier Age du fer ,second Age du fer ,période tardo-hellénistique ,Clermont-1'Hérault ,La Ramasse ,Nissan-lez-Ensérune ,Ensérune ,Mouriès ,Les Caisses de Saint-Jean ,Nages-et-Solorgues ,Les Castels ,Les Pennes-Mirabeau ,La Cloche ,Aix-en-Provence ,Entremont ,Nîmes ,La Fontaine et Mont Cavalier ,Saint-Rémy-de-Provence ,Glanum ,Martigues ,L'Ile et Saint-Pierre ,Lattes ,Saint-Sauveur ,Saint- Bonne t-du- Gard ,Le Marduel ,Mauressip ,Mons ,Monteils ,Vié-Cioutat ,Roque-de- Viou ,Saint-Mitre-les-Remparts ,Saint-Biaise ,Provence ,Languedoc ,Midi de la France ,sanctuary ,cultural borrowing ,religious architecture ,monumental architecture ,public architecture ,portico ,architectural technology ,architectonic element ,stela ,polychromy ,Gallo-Greek inscription ,collective cistern ,religious space ,public space ,chronology ,Late Bronze Age ,Early Iron Age ,Late Iron Age ,Late hellenistic period ,Clermont-l'Hérault ,Les Pennes- Mirabeau ,La Fontaine and Mont Cavalier ,the Isle and Saint-Pierre ,Saint-Bonnet-du-Gard ,Maurresip ,Roque-de-Viou ,Southern France ,Humanities ,Mathematics - Abstract
This dossier contains the proceedings of the round table discussion on the "Protohistoric monuments and public buildings of Southern Gaul", held at Lattes on the 4th of December 1991. It collects finds, often littel known and sometimes unpublished, which are presented analytically to form the base of a first synthesis of the subject. The monumental halls and places of worship occur essentially in three forms : hypostyle halls or porticoes (Nîmes, Saint-Blaise, Entremont, Ensérune), fanums with a ground-plan closely ressembling that of the Celtic temples (Nages and Roque-de-Viou) and great assembly halls like that of Mouriès. A synthesizing presentation of the late hellenistic public monuments of Glanon allows to place them in their urban, chronological and cultural context. Recent discoveries made in Nîmes near the source of la Fontaine form a remarkable group of cult elements which are the subject of various studies and a synthesizing paper. The monumental towers in the region of Nîmes represent an original type of monumental construction which has doubtless a wider significance than a merely defensive function. The collective cistern of the oppidum of la Cloche, with a reservoir of 600 hl, a collecting system and a system of purification by settling, is an exceptional find in an indigenous environment with a distinct Mediterranean influence. This dossier also gives an opportunity to take stock of the stelae without inscriptions that have come to light at several southern preroman sites ; finds from Le Marduel, Martigues, Lattes, Vié-Cioutat, Les Caisses, La Ramasse and Entremont, which are often unpublished, allow the conclusion that antique indigenous sanctuaries or graves have existed. Two synthetic studies close this dossier : the first is an analysis of the methods of construction of the protohistoric public buildings, which mix the borrowings from the Mediterranean world with the traditional techniques at a very early stage ; the second is a new synthesizing approach to the public spaces and religious spaces of Southern Gaul., Ce dossier constitue les actes de la table ronde de Lattes du 4 décembre 1991 sur les "Monuments et bâtiments publics protohistoriques de Gaule méridionale". Il rassemble des documents souvent méconnus et parfois inédits qui bénéficient d'une présentation analytique et forment la base d'une première synthèse sur le sujet. Les salles monumentales et les lieux de culte recouvrent essentiellement trois formes : les salles hypostyles ou portiques (Nîmes, Saint-Blaise, Entremont, Ensérune), les fanums au plan proche de celui des temples celtiques (Nages et Roque-de-Viou) et de grandes salles de réunion comme celle de Mouriès. Une présentation synthétique des monuments publics tardo-hellénistiques de Glanon permet de les situer dans leur contexte urbain, chronologique et culturel. Les découvertes récentes effectuées à Nîmes près de la source de la Fontaine constituent un ensemble cultuel remarquable qui bénéficie d'études diversifiées et d'un article de synthèse. Les tours monumentales de la région nîmoise représentent un type original de l'expression monumentale qui a certainement une signification plus large que la seule fonction défensive. La citerne collective de l'oppidum de la Cloche, avec un réservoir de 600 hl, un système de captation et d'épuration par décantation, est un document particulier en milieu indigène aux nettes influences méditerranéennes. Ce dossier est également l'occasion de faire le point sur les stèles anépigraphes mises au jour sur plusieurs sites préromains méridionaux ; des documents, souvent inédits, provenant du Marduel, de Martigues, de Lattes, de Vié-Cioutat, des Caisses, de la Ramasse ou d' Entremont, permettent de conclure à la présence d'anciens sanctuaires indigènes ou de tombes. Deux études synthétiques closent ce dossier : la première est une analyse des modes de constructions des bâtiments publics protohistoriques qui mêlent très tôt les emprunts au monde méditerranéen aux techniques traditionnelles ; la seconde est une nouvelle approche synthétique des espaces publics et des espaces religieux du Midi gaulois., Arcelin Patrice, Dedet Bernard, Schwaller Martine. Espaces publics, espaces religieux protohistoriques en Gaule méridionale. In: Documents d'Archéologie Méridionale, vol. 15, 1992. Espaces et monuments publics protohistoriques de Gaule méridionale. pp. 181-242.
- Published
- 1992
44. Histoire de la Sénégambie du XVe au XVIIIe siècle : un bilan
- Author
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Charles Becker
- Subjects
History ,Partial division ,Extant taxon ,Anthropology ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Comparative historical research ,Development ,Oral tradition ,Period (music) ,Order (virtue) ,Chronology - Abstract
C. Becker — The Precolonial Period in Senegambia, i^th to i8th Century. A status artis of historical research on Senegambia: the problem of sources—archives, written documents, oral tradition, archaeology—; chronology and the division into significant periods and sub-periods; a survey of extant and potential materials, including economie, agricultural, commercial, linguistic, religious and, more generally, sociological data. A provisional and partial division into periods based upon the evolution of the slave trade is proposed and contrasted with one founded upon the decline and fall of native hegemonies. The paper ends with a catalogue of tasks which deserve to be given priority in order to produce a genuine Senegalese history., Becker Charles. Histoire de la Sénégambie du XVe au XVIIIe siècle : un bilan.. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 25, n°98, 1985. pp. 213-242.
- Published
- 1985
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